LEARNING TARGET:

I CAN DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF THE

KENNEDY PRESIDENCY.

Lecture: “Camelot”

I-ELECTION OF 1960

A-John F. Kennedy (Dem) vs. Richard Nixon (Rep)

1-Kennedy and Nixon agree to a series of debates

A) First of modern debates

1) Last one: 1860: Lincoln-Douglas

B) Those who listened on Radio said Nixon won

C) Those who watched on TV said Kennedy won

I-ELECTION OF 1960

D) Why Difference: Many say

because Nixon did not wear

make-up during the first debate to

make himself look better while

Kennedy did wear make-up

1) Nixon was also sick during

the first debate and had a “5

o’clock shadow”

I-ELECTION OF 1960

I-ELECTION OF 1960

2-Kennedy narrowly defeats Nixon in

Popular vote (not so close in electoral vote)

Name Party

Electoral

Votes Popular Votes

Byrd, Harry none 15 1,116,248

Kennedy, John Democrat 303 34,227,096

Nixon, Richard Republican 219 34,108,546

I-ELECTION OF 1960

B-April 17, 1961: Bay of Pigs

1-First of two major mistakes by Kennedy administration

2-U.S. sends troops to Cuba to get rid of Fidel Castro

A) Castro came to power in 1959

B) Castro is Communist

C) Cuba gained independence from U.S. in 1902

3-U.S. troops fail at their mission

4-At first, Kennedy denies he did this

5-Later, he admits he took the action and said he was stupid to keep it from the American people

I-ELECTION OF 1960

C-Alliance for Progress

1-Kennedy’s plan to help Latin America

improve economically

2-the Marshall Plan for Latin America

3-reason, keep Communism out of Latin

America

4-results were disappointing to some

who supported it

I-ELECTION OF 1960

D-Oct 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis

1-Cuba fears the U.S. will attempt another event like the Bay of Pigs

2-Soviets help Cuba install missiles for protection

3-U.S., through airplane photos, discover the Soviet presence

4-U.S. puts a naval blockade around Cuba

A) Blockade is an act of war

I-ELECTION OF 1960

5-Blockade does not allow Soviet ships to get through to Cuba

A) Ships allegedly carry more weapons

6-Kennedy tells the American people the Soviets backed down and removed their missiles from Cuba

A) Only half true

B) Americans had to remove missiles from Turkey and Greece as part of the agreement

1) did not tell the American people this

7-Caused the establishment of the “Hot Line” between Moscow & Washington

I-ELECTION OF 1960

E-Engle v. Vitale

1-Supreme Court ruled a prayer created by NY State Board of Education was unconstitutional even though it was non-denominational

F-Baker v. Carr

1-Tennessee had not reapportioned for 60 years!

2-Charles Baker, sued saying it violated his 14th Amendment Equal Rights protection

3-Baker claimed his vote was diluted

4-Opened door for other voting cases

II-TECHNOLOGY

A-Many afraid that the U.S. is behind the Soviets in technological advances

1-1957: Soviets launch first artificial satellite (Sputnick)

2-1957: Laika

3-April 12, 1961: Yuri Gargarin-first man in space

A) 3/9/1934-3/27/1968

4-1963: ValentinaTereshkova-first woman

in space

1) 3/6/1937-

II-TECHNOLOGY

B-Kennedy promised to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade

1-NASA formed 7/29/1958

2-May, 1961: First American flies in space- Alan Shepherd

3-1962: John Glenn becomes first American to orbit the earth

4-1962: Telstar: First communications satellite

5-Mariner (Venus probe)

6-July 20, 1969: Neil Armstrong becomes first person to walk on the moon

II-TECHNOLOGY

II-THE END OF CAMELOT

A-Nov. 23, 1963

1-JFK visits Texas as a political fence-

mending tour (event to get Texas on board

with his re-election)

2-While riding in an open-aired limo, JFK is

shot in the head and killed

II-THE END OF CAMELOT

3-Assassin is believed to be Lee Harvey Oswald

A) Oswald is NEVER convicted of killing JFK

1) Why:

A)-Oswald is killed Nov. 24, 1963 while being moved from city jail to

county jail

B)-Jack Ruby, a Dallas nightclub owner, shoots Oswald

C)-Oswald was in the basement of the Dallas City Jail at the time

D)-the transfer was being broadcast live on national television, thus the

killing was broadcast live

E)-Ruby dies of cancer in 1967

II-THE END OF CAMELOT

4-Lyndon Johnson becomes president

A) Sworn in on Air Force One by Federal Judge Sarah T. Hughes

1) Only woman to swear in a president to date

B) Sets up special commission to investigate the assassination

C) Called the Warren Commission

1) Head: Chief Justice Earl Warren

D) Many controversies have evolved over time as to whether Oswald killed JFK, whether he worked alone, whether there was a conspiracy or not

II-THE END OF CAMELOT

Zapruder Film:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kq1PbgeBo

Q4

Shooting of Lee Harvey Oswald

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6PcVCqg3tg