I. Scientific and Systematic Management of IAQ II. The Importance of A Standard for IAQIII. In Harmony With Nature IV. Building Management of the 21st CenturyV. Give Meaning to IAQ ManagementVI. Introduction to the Hinds IAQ Profile Monitoring SystemVII. Automatic IAQ Profile Monitoring SystemsVIII. Automatic & Continuous Monitoring of IAQIX. Problem Solving in IAQ ManagementX. Calibration (to be continued)

IAQ Lecture Series

Hinds International (HK) Ltd.Hinds International (HK) Ltd.

IAQ Lecture Series

Speaker : Kee-Neng Wai, Ph.DDate : May 26, 2011Venue : EMSD

IX. Problem Solving in IAQ Management

Science & Technology vs. Politicsin Environmental Issues

S & T : Based on knowledge, humanity, the truth

Politics : Based on power, money, to win

Example : Al GoreTony BlairLee Kuan YewChina vs. U.S., U.K. & EuropeHong Kong

Problem solving in IAQ Management

Shall we take a political approach?

or

a scientific and technological approach?

or

Both?

IAQ Objectives

Money Saved節省金錢

I. Energy Saving節省能源減少排放

II.Healthy

Environment健康工作環境

IV.Communication

&Fair Trade交流及公平交易

III.Problem Solving解決問題

Formaldehyde ppb <24 <81

Radon Bq/m3 <150 <200

RSP (PM10) µg/m3 <20 <180

Airborne Bacteria cfu/m3 <500 <1,000

Ozone ppb <25 <61

Nitrogen Dioxide ppb <21 <80

TVOC ppb <87 <261

CarbonMonoxide ppm <1.7 <8.7

Parameter Unit Excellent Good

Temperature ºC 20 to 25.5 <25.5

RelativeHumidity % 40 to 70 <70

Air Movement m/s <0.2 <0.3

Carbon Dioxide ppm <800 <1,000

Com

fort Indicators

Toxic G

asesC

arcinogens &

BR

I

IAQ Guidelines ( 指標 )Recommended NEW

Guidelines21 to 25

45 to 65

<0.3

<800/ <1,200

<100

<20/ <80

<100/ <300

<2.0/ <10

<100

<200

TD2.5 Particle Numbers

Delete

Comfort FactorsParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation

Temperature ºC 20 to 25.5 < 25.5 21 to 25

Relative Humidity % 40 to 70 < 70 45 to 65

Air Movement m/s < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.3

Carbon Dioxide ppm < 800 < 1,000 < 800 / < 1,200

1. What is wrong with the 25.5oC/70% RH condition?

Answer : Mold and insect growth.

2. What change is needed for “Air Movement” Guidelines?

Answer : One single guideline is needed.

Solution : Change guidelines to21 / 25oC for Temperature45 / 65% for Relative Humidity

Temperature and Humidity ControlSpecified Condition : 23oC / 60%RH

Problem I : Indoor RH too high.

Solution : 1. Adjusting cooler temp. and air flow.2. Adjusting and pre-cooling fresh air intake.3. Air cooler design.

Problem II : Indoor RH too low in winter.

Case 1 : A TV studio requiring 20oC / <50%RH.Case 2 : A storage warehouse requiring < 15oC /

<50%RH

Problem III : Human factors and specific requirements.

Solution : Humidifier.

Problems Related to CO2 Level1. Indoor CO2 Level

IAQ Guidance Notes : <800 / <1,000Recommendation : <800 / <1,200

Reasons : Work Efficiency, Health, Energy Saving.

Recommendation is based on: Yawning Threshold 1,500 Sick Dozing Threshold 2,000 Building Perspiring, headache, restlessness 2,500 Syndrome and increased heart-rate above 2,500

Long terms effects : Hypertension, pains & achesstomach acid/ulcer

2. Outdoor CO2 Level

Global warming, carbon footprint, energy cost.

Problems relating to CO2 level in IAQ

1. Problems : Health & work efficiencyEnergy cost and carbon footprintGlobal warming

2. Problems : Human factors and specific needs(Including laws, regulation and politics)

Solution : Ventilation control Management withFresh air intake database andExhaust air control knowledge baseAir flow pattern control - Optimization

Solution : Management on database and knowledge base

Professional and public recognition

Toxic GasesParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation

Ozone ppb < 25 < 61 <100Nitrogen Dioxide ppb < 21 < 80 < 20 / < 80

TVOC ppb < 87 < 261 < 100 / < 300

Carbon Monoxide ppm < 1.7 < 8.7 < 2.0 / < 10

Problems : High concentration.

Problem : What can we do when the outdoor level is higher than indoor level?

Solution : Remove source of pollutantDilution with fresh airScrubbing & detoxificationIsolate & exhaust

Solution : Consult the professionals /or politicians

8-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (320) Excellent (50)Rural (320) Good (120)

Outdoor Air Quality Trend of Hong Kong1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (282) Excellent (40)Rural (119) Good (150)

1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (3200) Excellent (2,000)Rural (2060) Good (10,000)

1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (164) Excellent (20)Rural (147) Good (180)

8-Hr. Ave. IAQ

Urban (320) Excellent (50)

Rural (320) Good (120)

1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (282) Excellent (40)Rural (119) Good (150)

1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (3200) Excellent (2,000)Rural (2060) Good (10,000)

1-Hr. Ave. IAQUrban (164) Excellent (20)Rural (147) Good (180)

Carcinogens & SBS/BRIParameter Unit Current Guidelines Recommendation

Formaldehyde Ppb < 24 < 81 <100Radon Bq./m3 < 150 < 200 < 200RSP(PM10) µg/m3 < 20 < 180 TD2.5 Particle Nos.

Airborne Bacteria(Misnomer) cfu/m3 < 500 < 1000 Delete

Recommended changes :

Formaldehyde : change to < 100ppbRadon : change to < 200 Bq./m3

RSP : change to < TD2.5 Particle Nos.

Airborne Bacteria : To be deleted(Microorganism)(Mold counts)

Solution for high levels of Carcinogens & SBS/BRI

- Remove sources of pollution- Scrubbing- Detoxification & decontamination- Dilution with fresh air

Radon - Removal of sources- 100% concealment- Dilution with fresh air

RSP - Removal by precipitation and filtration- Scrubbing

Microorganism(Mainly Fungi)

- Clean environment- Cool and dry environment- Filtration and decontamination

Formaldehyde

我要做好呢份工 for IAQ

Objectives of IAQ Management Labour saving and cost effectiveness Knowledge based IAQ management Data based IAQ management Problem solving Communication Professional and public recognition