lecture 6: earth as a planet 1.the young earth 2.earth as a planet: interior 3.plate tectonics...
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![Page 1: Lecture 6: Earth as a Planet 1.The Young Earth 2.Earth as a planet: interior 3.Plate tectonics 4.Atmosphere](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649d3e5503460f94a177d2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lecture 6: Earth as a Planet
1. The Young Earth2. Earth as a planet: interior3. Plate tectonics4. Atmosphere
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News from Mars:
Opportunity Mars Rover at Santa Maria Crater - Feb. 2011
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News from Mars:
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The Formation of the Earth
• Precise timeline of early events.
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The Planets
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Earth as a planet - interior
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Earth interior - seismic waves
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Earth interior - seismic surface waves
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Earth as a planet - plate tectonics
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Plate tectonics
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
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Earth as a planet - plate tectonics
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Earth as a planet - plate tectonics
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Earth - plate collision & subduction
Kus
tow
ski e
t al .(
2006
)
Evidence from seismictomography for thesubduction of the plateunder Japan.
Variations in shear-wavevelocity, vS
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Earth as a planet - plate tectonics
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Earth as a planet - plate tectonics
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Earth as a planet - tectonics
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The Terrestrial Planets
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
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Mars as a planet - interior
Earth
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Mars as a planet - NO plate tectonics
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Wyatt et al. [2004]; Data from Mars Odyssey THEMIS
basalt
dust
“altered basalt” (smectite, palagonite, zeolites)
Surface composition from thermal emission spectra
Mars as a planet - the surface
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Earth as a planet - atmosphere
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Main points to take home:
1) Hadean Earth (4 430 - 4 000 Myr): heavy bombardment epoch, outgassing, oceans
2) Earthquakes & seismic waves - interior map3) Earth’s interior is differentiated - iron core4) Plate tectonics - Earth’s crust is broken into
plates; mantle convective currents cause these plates to move
5) Atmosphere - Earth had 3 types of atmospheres, in terms of composition; today’s is mostly N2 (78%) and O2 (21%).