lecture 20 neo-assyrian empire (b)
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HISTORY 26
Lecture Twenty:
The Neo-Assyrian Empire
(c. 883 - 612 BC)
HISTORY 26
Lecture Twenty:
The Neo-Assyrian Empire
(c. 883 - 612 BC)
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Causes of the Dark Age(c. 1200 - 900 BC)
Causes of the Dark Age(c. 1200 - 900 BC)
• Invasions/Migrations• The Peoples of the Sea• The Aramaeans
• Social Revolution• Increasing disparity in wealth
between palace and countryside• The Habiru
• Ecological Disaster
• Invasions/Migrations• The Peoples of the Sea• The Aramaeans
• Social Revolution• Increasing disparity in wealth
between palace and countryside• The Habiru
• Ecological Disaster
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The EnvironmentThe Environment
• Earthquakes• A drying of the climate in the north,
producing crop failure and famine• Grain shipments from Egypt and
Ugarit to the Hittites
• A shifting of the courses of the Tigris and Euphrates in southern Mesopotamia
• Earthquakes• A drying of the climate in the north,
producing crop failure and famine• Grain shipments from Egypt and
Ugarit to the Hittites
• A shifting of the courses of the Tigris and Euphrates in southern Mesopotamia
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Rising from a Dark Age(c. 1200 - 900 BC)
Rising from a Dark Age(c. 1200 - 900 BC)
• Assyria loses control of northeast Syria to the Aramaeans
• Late 10th century: The beginning of the annual military campaign• Kings waged war on behalf of the god
Assur and the Assyrian state• Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC) and
Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
• Assyria loses control of northeast Syria to the Aramaeans
• Late 10th century: The beginning of the annual military campaign• Kings waged war on behalf of the god
Assur and the Assyrian state• Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC) and
Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
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Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
• Campaigned in western Syria and Urartu
• Syria• Access to wealth
and trade routes• Vassals, “under
the yoke of Assur”
• Urartu• Obtain spoils and
reduce a military threat
• Campaigned in western Syria and Urartu
• Syria• Access to wealth
and trade routes• Vassals, “under
the yoke of Assur”
• Urartu• Obtain spoils and
reduce a military threat
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Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
Shalmaneser III (858 - 824 BC)
Jehu, King of Israel, “under the yoke of Assur”Jehu, King of Israel, “under the yoke of Assur”
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Capital of Kalhu (Nimrud)
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Capital of Kalhu (Nimrud)
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
The Palace of Kalhu
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Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
Assurnasirpal II (883 - 859 BC)
LamassuLamassu
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Shamshi-Adad V (823 - 811 BC)
Shamshi-Adad V (823 - 811 BC)
• Inherited the throne in the midst of rebellion with the help of Babylonia
• The city-states of Syria refuse to pay tribute
• Local governors and officials act independently
• Assyria expanded too quickly; its underdeveloped administration could not function under a weak ruler
• Inherited the throne in the midst of rebellion with the help of Babylonia
• The city-states of Syria refuse to pay tribute
• Local governors and officials act independently
• Assyria expanded too quickly; its underdeveloped administration could not function under a weak ruler
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Phoenicia(Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and Arwad)
Phoenicia(Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and Arwad)
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Phoenician Colonies(Carthage)
Phoenician Colonies(Carthage)