lec central nervous system - ccsf homeeshanson/physiology 1/lec central nervous sy… · central...
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Physiology Physiology 11
Central Nervous SystemCentral Nervous System
Guyton Ch 31-36
A little terminologyA little terminology
Bundle of nerve fibersBundle of nerve fibersPNS = nervePNS = nerveCNS = Tract or pathwayCNS = Tract or pathway
Grouping of Neuron Cell bodiesGrouping of Neuron Cell bodiesPNS = Ganglion (ganglia)PNS = Ganglion (ganglia)CNS = Nucleus (nuclei) CNS = Nucleus (nuclei)
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Ventricular System of the BrainVentricular System of the Brain BloodBlood--Brain BarrierBrain Barrier
Overview of the Overview of the SynapseSynapse
Where integration, learning, and Where integration, learning, and adaptation take place and where most adaptation take place and where most
drugs work.drugs work.
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A single neuron’s activity can A single neuron’s activity can combine with other neurons to form combine with other neurons to form
complex electrical processing complex electrical processing systemssystems
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Activity at the synapse can either Activity at the synapse can either stimulate or inhibit the post synaptic stimulate or inhibit the post synaptic
cell.cell.
Excitatory post synaptic potential (EPSP)Excitatory post synaptic potential (EPSP)Inhibitory post synaptic potential (IPSP) Inhibitory post synaptic potential (IPSP)
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Activity at or around the synapse can Activity at or around the synapse can also have a also have a neuromodulatoryneuromodulatory effect.effect.
Receptor mechanismsReceptor mechanisms Second Messenger systemsSecond Messenger systems
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Tyrosine Tyrosine KinaseKinase
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A Brief Introduction to a few A Brief Introduction to a few NeurotransmittersNeurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesAmino AcidsAmino AcidsNeuropeptidesNeuropeptidesATPATPNONOAcetylcholineAcetylcholine
A few neurotransmittersA few neurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesCatecholaminesCatecholamines
DopamineDopamineEpinephrineEpinephrineNorepinephrineNorepinephrine
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A few neurotransmittersA few neurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesCatecholaminesCatecholamines
DopamineDopamineEpinephrineEpinephrineNorepinephrineNorepinephrine
SerotoninSerotonin
Serotonin (5Serotonin (5--HT) synthesisHT) synthesisSerotoninSerotonin
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A few neurotransmittersA few neurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesNeuropeptidesNeuropeptides
OpiatesOpiatesEnkephalinsEnkephalinsBeta EndorphinsBeta Endorphins
Substance PSubstance PNeuropeptideNeuropeptide YY
A few neurotransmittersA few neurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesNeuropeptidesNeuropeptidesAmino AcidsAmino Acids
GamaGama Amino Amino ButericButeric Acid (GABA)Acid (GABA)GlutamateGlutamate
ATPATPNitric OxideNitric Oxide
A few neurotransmittersA few neurotransmitters
Biogenic AminesBiogenic AminesNeuropeptidesNeuropeptidesATPATPNitric OxideNitric OxideAcetylcholineAcetylcholine
Acetylcholine
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AcetycholineAcetycholine
DrugsDrugs
The synapse is the site of action for The synapse is the site of action for many pharmaceutical therapies.many pharmaceutical therapies.
Drugs that work at the receptorDrugs that work at the receptor
Antagonist Antagonist –– binds receptor and blocks action binds receptor and blocks action of normal of normal ligandligandAgonist Agonist –– Bind receptor and activate it Bind receptor and activate it
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Serotonin and LSDSerotonin and LSD AcetycholineAcetycholine and Nicotineand Nicotine
CocaineCocaine Grey Matter vs. White MatterGrey Matter vs. White Matter
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Organization of the Cerebral Cortex Organization of the Cerebral Cortex tissuetissue
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Types of Neural innervation that Types of Neural innervation that travels through the spinetravels through the spine
Somatic nervesSomatic nervesAutonomic nervesAutonomic nerves
Sympathetic Sympathetic ParasympatheticParasympathetic
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