lec 01_what is designing(ce-214)@21 aug 2013

7/27/2019 Lec 01_what is Designing(Ce-214)@21 Aug 2013

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DEFINITION

THE DESIGNERS OBJECTIVES WHY DESIGNING IS DIFFICULT?

WHAT IS

DESIGNING?


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WHAT IS

DESIGNING?


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Definitions

Finding the right physical components of a physicalstructure(Alexander,1963)

A goal-directed problem solving activity (Archer,1965)

Decision making, in the face of uncertainty, with high penalties for error(Asimov, 1965)

Simulating what we want to make (or do) before we make (or do) it asmany times as may be necessary to feel confident in the final result(Booker,1964)

Definitions


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The conditioning factor for those parts of the product which come into

contact with people (Farr,1966)

Engineering design is the use of scientific principles, technicalinformation and imagination in the definition of a mechanical structure,machine or system to perform pre-specified functions with maximumeconomy and efficiency (Fielden,1963)

Relating product with situation to give satisfaction (Gregory, 1966)

The performing of a very complicated act of faith (Jones,1966)

Definitions


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The optimum solution to the sum of the true needs of a particular set ofcircumstances (Matchett, 1968)

The imaginative jump from present facts to future posibilities (Page, 1966)

A creative activity - it involves bringing into being something new and usefulthat has not existed previously ( reswick)

They differ so much

Nobody mentioned drawing.

Designing is the same under all circumstances.

The effect of designing is to initiate change in man-made things

Surprise about these quotations is that.


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Not beautification Not ornamentation

Involves : needs, comfort and function Its a PRODUCT*

*it has predefined process; predicted and drawn documents; division of work and it can beevaluated even before building it!

What not?


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Traditionally to producedrawings

New definition- the initiationof change in man-made

things

The designers must predictthe ultimate effects of theirproposed design


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The objective of designing become less concerned with the productitself and more with the changes that manufacturers, distributors,

users and society as a whole, are expected to make in order to adaptto, and to benefit from, the new design

Bringing the change------is a series of events which starts with thesupply of materials and components to the producer and ends with

the evolutionary effects upon society

Each of these events is dependent upon the one before it. neither thesponsors of the design nor the its designers play a direct part inproduct life history. Their control ceases before the productionprocess starts.

THE DESIGNERS


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sponso

r

designer

supplier

sproducers

distributor

spurchasers

user

s

Systemoperators

society

Sponsors instructions

Designers predictionsof the outputs fromeach stage of theprocess

proposals

Matls.Spec.

design.Spec.

distributionSpec.

salesSpec.

performance

Spec.systemSpec.

evolutionary

Spec.

Designers models of future behavior of the above


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To initiate change in man

made things

Buildings

FestivitiesTransportations

Laws

Urban areas

Products

Markets

institutions

Processes

Public

services

Communication system

opinions

Capital goods


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The fundamental problem is that designers are obliged to use currentinformation to predict a future state that will not come about unless theirpredictions are correct.

The final outcome has to be assumed before the means of achieving it can

be explored

Have to work backward in time from an assumed effect.

With the change of the pattern of original problem the objective of designer

may drastically changed and will have to start from the beginning.

Is designing difficult?


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Science, Art or Mathematics?


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Should not be confused with art, with science or with mathematics

It is a hybrid activity of all the three.

The main point of difference is the timing.

Both artists and scientists operate on physical world as it exists inpresent(whether it is real or symbolic), while mathematicians operate on abstractrelationships that are independent of historical time.

Designers, are forever bound to treat as real that which exists only in an

imagined future and have to specify ways in which the foreseen thing can bemade to exist.

+ +

Science, Art or Mathematics?

lec 01_what is designing(ce-214)@21 aug 2013

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