learning in networks by cora van oosten

34
Learning Landscapes (Bali, May 2009)

Upload: gpflr

Post on 21-Jun-2015

324 views

Category:

Education


2 download

DESCRIPTION

Presentation by Cora van Oosten on the complexity of landscapes. The presentation deals with landscape governance and networks.

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Learning Landscapes

(Bali, May 2009)

Page 2: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Reading landscapes

Page 4: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Reading landscapes

Page 5: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Reading landscapes

Page 6: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Reading landscapes

Page 7: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Reading landscapes

Page 8: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Taking a landscape...

Page 9: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Well forested catchment

Rich biodiversity

High value timber

Attractive scenery, tourism

Ancestral homeland

Subsistence farm land

Commercial farm land

Biofuel production

Grazing land

Human settlement

Sub-soil richness

Which are the options?

Page 10: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Which are the drivers behind?

Districtpolicy

Local power relations

Decentralisation

Tourism development

Emancipation of minorities

Local food demand

Local Market prices

Migration

Foreigninvestment

Land grabbing

Land tenure regime

Land pressure

Page 11: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Diet change: animal products

Climate change

Need for minerals

Increased Interest in biodiversity

Globalisation

Increased fuel demand

Demand for biofuels

Growing fooddemand

Commodity prices

Increased mobility

Increased exploitation

Population growth

Page 12: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Multi-level and multi-scale

Giller et al, 2008

Landscape

Presenter
Presentation Notes
‘G’localization refers to the simultaneous interaction whereby the global affects local circumstances, and local events have global impacts.
Page 13: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Governance of landscapes

Governance unit Governance structure

Municipality Municipal government/council

District District government/council

Country National government/parliament

Landscape ????

Page 14: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Landscapes as complex systems:

n Not easy to understandn Cannot be controlled or plannedn But can be influenced

Page 15: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

ComplicatedComplex

Chaotic Simple

Source: Cynefin Framework,

Cognitive Edge (www.cognitive-edge.com)

Complex landscapes

Page 16: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Simple Results are predictable

RecipeInstructionsRules/regulations

Complicated Results are more or less predictable

PuzzleProblem treesLogical frameworksGuidelines

Complex Results are unpredictable and future is uncertain

ScenariosdialogueAdaptive managementLearning

Page 17: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

“Rules & regulations”

Planning intervention logic Influence the

landscape/

restoration

“Dialogue & social learning” Relations and network logic

Social learning at the scale of landscapes

Page 18: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

n Working across administrative boundariesn Dealing with uncertaintiesn Need for multi-stakeholder dialoguen Enhancing co-creation and innovationn Adaptive managementn Constant learningn Learning in networks

Social learning at the scale of landscapes

Page 19: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Living in a network society

Everybody is member of a network

Most likely more than one

Page 20: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Living in a network society

Everybody is member of a network

Most likely more than one

Networks enhanced through:

§Face-to-face communication

§Telephone

§internet

Page 21: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Networks

It is said that through networks, you are no further

than six networks away from anybody in the world

Page 22: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Networks

Networks are connected through its members

Page 23: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Networks: different scales and different levels

Individual

network

Local or

regional

networks

Global

networks

Page 24: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

About networks

n One (or more) shared interest by all members of the network

n Networks may be consciously established and formal, or unconsciously created and informal

n Different networks can be connected through one or more actors participating in more than one network

Page 25: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Networks

Page 26: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten
Page 27: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Networks across spaces and scales

Source: Ashish Shah, Kenya

green – localpink - national blue – international

“Me in my landscape”

Page 28: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

About networks

n Networks for communicationn Networks for capacity developmentn Networks for governancen Networks for policy makingn Networks for innovationn Networks for learning

Page 29: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Learning in networks

Page 30: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

Conditions for the well-functioning of networks

n Members share a collective interestn members should suppress their wish to dominate

the processn Shared leadership n members should not wait for instructions, but be

pro-active and contribute voluntarilyn Members should respect each other since all

contributions are valuablen All members are responsible for the outcome n Sense of collective learning being more important

than individual gain

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Conditions for the well-functioning of networks Some conditions for the well-functioning of networks can be identified: One of the most important conditions is that partners in the network should suppress their wish to dominate the development of the course of action (ecological paradigm). On the other hand actors from time to time should stimulate developments in order to revive the situation; They should take into account the own reality of all different actors and not assume that the reality of one is the same as for the other; An authentic effort of all members of the network is required. Vitality of a network starts with people that devote themselves to a cause. The initiative that somebody takes in a network can be regarded as personal leadership. It concerns an action that responds to the environment but does not depend on it. Authentic devotion is nutrition for living processes. People should not ‘have to’ participate in the network, but should ‘wish’ to participate instead; In line with the preceding point, network members might have to change their attitude. A classical attitude like carrying out ‘tasks’ that are required from them should be changed towards defining their own personal goals with the network and create the space for co-ordination with the other members to reach them. Then the personal goals of one network member will merge with the goals of the other network members, thus creating an added value for the network; Respect between network members is necessary. Respect in this case is ‘the acknowledgement of all network members being meaningful parts of the network, and the recognition of the fact that all that reveals itself in the network can have a function, even if it cannot (yet) be understood. In biological terms this constitutes the quality of the structural coupling between the components of the living network. Loss of respect means that the coupling is blocked.’ A certain degree of Responsibility is necessary for network members in order to be serious on the members’ own contribution and assure that apart from the personal goals the collective interests are guaranteed. This sense of responsibility is strictly related to the issue of Respect. When the network does not function properly sometimes it will be more important to repair the communication process than to reach the objectives that were formulated. The communication process between members may then be the blockade for creating vital space and positive energy or synergy. Essential couplings are required to make the network responsive. A knowledge system (like a network) that is no longer responsive will die in its illusions. The structure that once was functional will lack the ability to repair the required couplings. This inability can be found partly in the ruling paradigms that apparently are not responding to new problems. (like in the instrumental paradigm science was insufficient in the arena of conflicts of interests, and the strategic paradigm had shortcomings in maintaining the essential couplings through which different parties found themselves in escalating patterns of power struggle and dominance and thus became self-referential and forced each other to survive. In this latter case the energy disappears from the system and people in the network are only working to maintain the structure.
Page 31: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

GPFLR Learning Network

GPFLR

Page 32: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

GPFLR learning network

n Generic GPFLR website: http://www.ideastransformlandscapes.org

n FLR Learning platform: http://learning.gpflr.webfactional.com

Page 33: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

How are we going to organise ourselves?

Page 34: Learning in networks by Cora van Oosten

How are we going to organise ourselves?

§ What are we going to DO?

§ How are we going to learn?

§ What are we going to learn (learning priorities?

§ How do we shape the learning network?

§ Which will be our learning sites

§ Who is responsible for the overall learning process?