1

Index

1. Celestial Arithmatic ..........................................................................22. Date of Birth and Calenders ............................................................53. Understanding Place of Birth,Time Zone and Time .........................84. Calculation of Sidereal Time and Ascendant ................................ 125. Cast Your Horoscope ................................................................... 156. Calculation of House of a Planet .................................................. 197. Know your Dasha .......................................................................... 238. The Art of Prediction ..................................................................... 289. Art of Prediction -2 ........................................................................ 3110. Art of Prediction-3 ......................................................................... 3311. Art of Prediction-4 ......................................................................... 3512. Secrets of Astrology Unveiled ...................................................... 3713. What is Correct -Nirayan or Sayan? Indian or Western ................ 41

Topics Page

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Celestial Arithmatic

Future Point is starting a series of lessons on mathematics of astrology. These lessons willgive you insight about the calculations and will be useful to beginners as well as the learned.To the beginners it will teach the computations in an easy way and to the learned it will be agood review excercise while adding certain techniques of computations to their knowledgebank. We are listing below some of the lessons which will form part of the series. Further listshall be announced as it proceeds.

The first lesson on Celestial Arithmatic as given below will make you familiar with the basicoperations on degrees or hours and their corelation.

1. Celestial Arithmatic2. Understanding Date & Time of birth in

various calenders & clocks.3. Place of birth & its co-ordinates.

4. Calculation of Sidereal Time.5. Calculation of Ascendant & 10th house.6. Calculation of Planet degrees.

1. Notation:Time is measured in days, hours, minutes and sec-onds and is represented as 1d, 1h, 1m or 1s respec-tively.Angle is measured in signs degrees, minutes andseconds and is represented as 1s,10, 1' or 1" re-spectively.There stands a confusion in words minute and sec-ond, each representing time as well as angle.Both have been well distinguished in their notation,but to be explicit in speech, it is suggested to usethe word minute for angle. Similarly second shouldbe used for second of time and arc second for sec-ond of angle. Thus1s = 1 sign10 = 1 degree1' = 1 arc minute1" = 1 arc secondand,

1d = 1 day1h = 1 hour1m = 1 minute1s = 1 secondNote:- Do not use the symbols ' and " for minutesand seconds of time; they are used for minutes andseconds of a degree (or arc minutes and arc sec-onds, repectively). For minutes and seconds of timeuse the symbols m and s respectively.2. Conversion Scale:We know it very well that1m = 1 minute of time = 60s = 60 seconds1h = 1 hour of time = 60m = 60 minutes of time1d = 1 day = 24h = 24 hoursSimilarly,1' = 1 minute of arc = 60" = 60 seconds of arc10 = 1 deg. of arc = 60' = 60 minutes of arc1S = 1 sign = 300 = 30 degrees1C = 1 circle = 3600 = 12 signs

3

Equ-ator

Note that minute, second and arc minute & arcsecond all are to a scale of 60 and not 100. Hencedo not use "." to distinguish between degree, arcminute & arc second or hour, minute & second.For example 1.50 hour is not 1hour 50 minutesbut 1 hour 50 hundredth of an hour, or 1 hour and30 minutes. Similarly 25 degrees 35 arc minutesshould never be written as 25.350 but 250 35'3. Coordinate System:The world is normally on a map with GMT in thecentre.

If we place the origin of the coordinate system at00 longitude & 00 latitude then it's longitude be-comes +ve in East and -ve in West whereas lati-tude becomes +ve in North & -ve in south. Weshall be following the above notation of + and - forall computations later in the book.4. Arithmatic:(i) Addition:To add hours, minutes and seconds or degrees,arc minutes and arc seconds, add the seconds toseconds, minutes to minutes and hours to hoursrespectively. If seconds are 60 or more subtractmultiples of 60 & carry to the minutes. Similarlyextract multiples of 60 from minutes & carry tohour or degree. e.g.

700 55' 38' Add 1200 45' 40"

_______________1900 100' 78"

or 1910 41' 18"

Similarly, 10h 35m 48s

13h 40m 30s_________________

23h 75m 78s

or 1d 0h 16m 18s ________________

(ii) Subtraction :To subtract two values in hours or degrees, firstsubstract seconds fom seconds. If seconds to sub-tract are more than the value to subtract from takecarry from minute and add 60 to seconds. Nextsubtract minutes from minutes, take a carry of 60minutes from hours, if required. For example:

620 35' 48'530 40' 52"_______________ 80 54' 56"_______________

21h 25m 30s

9h 30m 25s___________________________11h 55m 5s___________________________

(iii) Multiplication :To multiply a figure in degrees or hours by a con-stant, multiply seconds, minutes and degrees bythe constant respectively. Extract multiples of 60seconds to add to minutes & extract multiples of60 minutes to add to degrees. If degrees are morethan 3600, discard multiples of 3600. For example

410 25' 30"X 10______________

4100 250' 300"= 540 15' 0" (Discarding 3600)______________

In case of hours, discard mutiples of 24hours orretain as days, if required :-

Longitude +Latitude +

Longitude -Latitude +

Longitude -Latitude -

Longitude +Latitude -

1800E1800W900N

00 N/S

900S

00 E/W

GMT

4

10h 25m 38s

X 10______________ = 4d 8h 16m 20s

______________(iv) Division:To divide a value in degree by a constant extractmultiples of divisor from degrees to get degree partof quotient, convert remainder degrees into min-utes and add minute value of dividend to it; extractmultiples of divisor from minutes to get minute valueof quotient, convert remainder minutes into sec-onds and add second value of dividend; extractmultiples of divisor again from seconds to get sec-ond value of quotient.For example

16)1200 38' 47"(70

1128X60 = 480

+38 16)518(32'

512 6X60 = 360

+4716) 407(25"

400 7

Similarly hour value is divided by a constant

7)6h 25m 30s(oh

6X24 144 +25

7)169(24m

168 1X60 = 60

+30 7) 90(12s

84 6

Since the remainder is 6s which is more than 50% of

divisor 7, 1 can be added to 12s to round off theresult as 0h 24m 13s.

5. Angle - Hour Relationship:

The earth moves around its axis to complete a cir-cle in 24 hours. That is, it rotates by 360 degreesin 24 hours. This gives us a relationship betweenangle and time as follows:

3600 = 24 hoursor 150 = 1h

or 15' = 1m

or 15" = 1s

or 24 hours = 3600

or 2h = 300

=1s

or 4m = 10

or 4s = 1'

6. Conversion:Time zone of a country or longitude of a city canbe converted into time by the simple rule

10 = 4m

or 1 = 4s

that is multiply longitude by 4 to get the value intime. East should be taken as "+" and West as "-".For example, for India time zone is 820 30'.Multiplying by 4

820 30'x 4_______

32m 120s

_______= 5h 30m 0s

For Delhi longitude is 770 13'multiplying by 4 770 13'

x 4_______308m 52s

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Date of Birth and Calenders

ll measurements oftime have historicallydepended on astro-

nomical observations - theday is measured from the ro-tation earth on its axis, theweek approximates thechanging phases of the Moon,the month is measured fromthe revolution of the Moonaround earth and the year ismeasured from the revolutionof earth around the Sun.Unfortunately earth or moondo not complete their cyclein full no of days. Moon's cy-cle is 29.53059 days andearth's orbit around suntakes 365.242196 days. So12 months are short of ayear, and 13 months arelonger. In this lesson we de-scribe here the history anddetailing of the commonlyused Gregorian Calendar

along with the different lunarcalendars used in India.1. Gregorian Calendar :The Gregorian Calender wasfirst introduced by Julian Cal-endar. It was based on365.25 days. The year wasdivided in twelve months, ofwhich eleven contained 30 or31 days and the 12th had 28days only. The first month wasMarch and the last month wasFebruary. July is named afterJulius Caesar and August af-ter Augustus Caesar, bothmonths being allocated thefull 31 days, as belittled aCaesar. The seventh monthwas September, the eightOctober, the ninth Novemberthe tenth December, after theLatin Septem, Octo, Novemand Decem for seven, eight,nine & ten respectively.To account for quarter day,

every fourth year the lastmonth February was a leapyear. February contained 29days. However this colanderwas fast by over 11 Minutesevery year and by 1500 theerror amounted to approxi-mately 11 days. To correct thecalendar, Pope Gregory or-dered that October 15,1582should follow October 4. Thenew Calender also movedthe beginning of the year fromMarch 25 to January 1. Feb-ruary now did not have a leapyear in centuries unless per-fectly divisible by 400. Thuscame the present GregorianCalendar into existence.According to the presentGregorian Calender aver-age year is 365.2425 dayswhich is more than the ac-tual by .000304 days, that is,26 seconds. This can be ac

A

After Celestial Arithmatic in the January 1998issue we now present understanding of dateand time of birth in various calenders andclocks.

6

counted for, if we again haveFebruary of 28 days after3200 years. However, this isnot yet accounted in theGregorian calendar.Indian National Calander:This is based on Sun - Startswhen Sayan Sun enters intoAries. It was recommendedby the Calendar ReformCommittee and introducedby the Govt. of India from22nd March 1957, corre-sponding to the 1st ofChaitra, 1879 Saka Era. Inthis Calender the no. of daysassigned to each month andits starting is as follows :Month of Gregorian DateIndian Calender for 1st of the

monthChaitra (30 days March 22 (March31 days in a 21 in a leap year)leap year)Vaisakha 31 days April 21Jyaistha 31 days May 22Asadha 31 days June 22Sravana 31 days July 23Bhadra 31 days Aug 23Asvina 30 days Sep 23Kartika 30 days Oct 23Agrahayana 30 days Nov 22Pausa 30 days Dec 22Magha 30 days Jan 21Phalgun 30 days Feb 20Lunar Calender : This is themost commonly usedcalender in India. This isbased on the timing of newMoon. Depending uponMoon's transit over Sun takesplace in which sign, themonth is named. When newmoon is in Aries, the monthis Vaishakh, in Taurus it isJyestha etc.

Lunar calender is of twokinds normally :(i) Closing at full Moon i.e.Purnimanta(ii) Closing at New Moon i.e.Amanta.In Purnimanta the monthstarts 15 days before the newMoon & ends on full Mooncalled Puranmasi meaning"month is complete." InAmanta month starts afternew moon. The months arenamed same as in IndianNational Calender and theystart within 15 days before orafter, of starting of months inIndian National Calender.Since the speed of Moon isvariable and it can cross overSun at any degree. Newmoon may sometimes occurtwice in the same Rasi ormay not occur at all in somerasi. This gives formation ofAdhik & Kshay Mah respec-tively. In case of Adhik month;the two months are named asfirst and the other as second.Shukla Paksh of the first andKrishna Paksh of the secondare called the adhik month,which is normally avoided inmost muhurthas. In case ofkshay month, one month isdivided into two Pakshasand each month is assignedone Paksh. The first monthhaving Krishna Paksh iscalled Kshay Mah and theother is termed normal Mah.

On the average year as29.53 x 12 = 354.36 days,which is less by 11 days com-pared to earth's cycle. Thusin every three years there isan Adhik Mah to cover thegap of these 11 days.Kshay Mah occuse rarely. Af-ter or before Kshay MahAdhik Mah occurs invariably.The start of month or day istaken from Sun rise. Be-cause of variable Moon.speed two tithis may fall be-tween two sunrises andsometimes it may not falleven once.This gives rise to formationof Adhik and Kshay tithis.Solar Calender : Like LunarCalender Solar Calender isbased on the movement ofSun. Sun's entry into Ariesstarts the month Vaisakh andalso the new year. Themonths are named same asin Indian National Calender.Though the moment of Sun'sentry into a sign is the sameall over India, yet the com-mencement of the corre-sponding month for civil pur-poses is not necessarily thesame all over India, yet thecommencement of the corre-sponding month for civil pur-poses is not necessarily thesame all over India. In Pun-jab & Orisa the solar monthstarts on the day of transit

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into next sign. Here daymeans one sunrise to next-sunrise. In bengal and As-sam, if transit happens be-fore midnight (45 Ghatis), thesolar month begins next day& when the transit occurs af-ter 45 Ghatis, the month be-gins a day after. In Tamil,when the fraction of the dayat which transit occurs doesnot exceed 30 Ghatis (Sun-set), the solar month beginson the same day else nextday. Since the sun takes dif-ferent times to transit a signthe month varies from 28days to 31 days.The lunar & solar calendersare associated with vriouseras. Some of the mostcommanly used are :1. Vikram Era : 57 more thanthe A.D. year and extensivelyused in Gujarat & all overnorthern India except Bengal.In Northern India year startsfrom Chaitra Purima. It is alsopopularly known as "MalavaEra" or simply "Samvat".In Gujarat Amanta month istaken and year starts fromnext day of Kartika NewMoon i.e. day of Diwali.2. Saka Era : This is 78 lessthan A.D. year. This is alsoused extensively in North India.Indian National Calender usesthis Saka. It is used both withamanta & Purnimanta monthsas well as with solar calender.To summarise year 1999 will

have various Calendars be-ginning on the following date:1. Gregorian Calender : 1stJan 99.Different eras have followingvalues :i. Gregorian 1999 A.D.ii. Samvat 2056iii. Saka 1921iv. Kaliyuga Era. 5100v. Fusli San 1407vi. Kollam Era 1175vii. Bengali San 1406viii. Hejira 14202. National Calender : 22March 993. Lunar Calendars :Chaitradi : 18/3/99Kartikadi : 10/10/994. Solar Calendars :Bengal & Assam - 15/04/99Punjab & Orissa - 14/04/99South - 14/04/995. Kollam Era : A.D. yearminus 824 is the KollamEra. It is used in Malabar,Cochin & Travancore. Itstarts with solar Virgo inNorth Malabar and with So-lar Leo in South Malabar.6. Bengali San : CurrentA.D. year minus 593 givesBangali San. It starts withSun entry into Aries.7. Hejira (MuslimCalender) : It is calculatedby subtracting 579 from thecurrent A.D. year. Themonthly are based on Moon

and are named asMuharram, Safer, Ravi-Ul-Avval, Ravi Ussani, Jamadi-Ul-avval, Jamadi Ussani,Rajjab, Sawan, Ramjan,Savval, Jilked and Jilhej.Muharram the first monthscoincides with or starts fromshukla Paksh of Vaisakh.The month start normally from2nd in Shukla Paksh whenMoon is visible in the sky af-ter sun set. The day iscounted from sunset to sun-set. The only problem in Mus-lim Calender is that it can notbe defined in advance sinceit is based on visibility ofMoon. If Moon is not visibleon the day month has to start,it will be started from the nextday only when moon be-comes clearly visible.

DELHIAstrologers'

Directory1998

Get Your CopyRs 200/- Only

Write to :Future Point

H-1/A, Hauz KhasNew Delhi-110016

8

In astrology place of birth is equally important as date and timeof birth. This lesson tells you how the place of birth affects thecalculations and how much precise we should be in specifyingthe place of birth - whether a street, a colony, a city or a country.

Some important formulas to compute distance are describedwhen longitudes and latitudes are known. The lesson also ex-

plains importance of time zone and time correction.

n astrology place of birth plays animportant role. If it is day in India, it isnight in America. So the effect of Sun is

reversed. Similarly effect of other planets alsochange.This change in effect is more prominent lon-gitudinally and is comparitively much less lati-tudinally e.g. it remains day if we move Southto North - Sri Lanka to Russia. But there is

Understanding Place of Birth,Time Zone and Time Correction

still a difference in sunrise mariginally fromone Latitude to other even if longitude re-mains the same.Let us understand what is longitude or lati-tude; how we measure it and how much dis-tance has how much effect in calculation ofhoroscopes.Latitude: These are imaginary lines, paral

I

00

220N450N

600 N750 N900N Meridian

W

900S 00S

E

Grid of Parallel ofLatitude and LongitudeParallels of Latitude Meridians of Longitude

N

S

EW 0000

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lel to equator. The equator represents zerodegree latitude.North pole is 900N and South Pole is 900S.Longitude : These are imaginary verticallines parallel to the prime meridian, whichpass through Greenwich where the BritishRoyal Observatory is located. The prime me-ridian is at 00 longitude and we count 1800Ein East, to 1800W in West. 1800E and 1800Wcoincide and represent the same vertical linejust opposite to prime meridian.Unlike parallel of latitude, all meridians areof equal length. Any place on earth can beuniquely assigned a longitude and latitudeand any such coordinates define a singlepoint on earth. Delhi has a longitude of77013'E and latitude of 28039'N.Since earth is spherical, every degree of lon-gitude does not represent equal distances.Span of 1' of Longitude or Latitude :Let us determine the distance represented by1' of the longitude or latitude; that is, how muchdistance changes the coordinates by 1'.

Earth's mean radius "a" = 6371 km.Considering the earth as sphere10 of longitude at latitude f= p. acosf.km.

180.........1

At Delhi (f = 280 39' N)10 of longitude = 97.6 Km.Thus 1' of longitude at Delhi

=1.626Km.» 1 mile

and 10 of latitude = p x a Km. 180

.........2For all longitudes10 of latitude = 111.2 Km.or 1' of latitude= 1.853 Km. » 1.16 mile

For all practical purposes, in India we canconsider 1 mile, making a difference of 1' inlongitude or latitude or combined differenceof both.From formula 1 and 2 it is obvious that thedistance in North or South makes a variationin latitude, which is constant for all places onearth. However the longitude at least changesas much as latitude and the variation be-comes more and more prominent as latitudeincreases. This is obvious because of the factthat equator the circumference of earth ismaximum, where as it reduces as latitude in-creases and rate of change of circumferencealso increases with the increase in latitude.A table can be drawn for distance coveredby 1' of longitude at different latitudes.

Distance covered by 1' of LongitudeLatitude Distance in E-W direction

(Km.)00 1.853

100 1.825200 1.741300 1.605400 1.419500 1.191600 0.926700 0.634800 0.321900 0.000Distance covered by 1' of Latitude

For all Longitudes 1.853 Km. in N-S direction

Variation of Longitude and Latitude in a CityFor latitudes like in India a city, which has spanof 40 Kms. or a distance of 25 miles, canmake a difference of 25' in longitude and lati-tude. This is particularly so in case of Delhiand Mumbai, where the city stretches to over40 kms. diagonally. In Delhi, where the ac-cepted coordinates 280 39' N & 770 13' E are

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for New Delhi Railway Station, easily makesa difference of over 25' in longitude and lati-tude from one end to the other.For example Nangal in South-West of Delhihas coordinates 28033'N and 77006'E,whereas Vikas Kunj in North-East coordi-nates of 28045'N and 77018'E, thus reflectinga difference of 12' in longitude and 12' in lati-tude, with a total difference of 24'. Similarlyin Bombay Dahisar in North has coordinates19016'N and 72051'E, whereas Colaba inSouth has coordinates 18054'N and 72049'E,making a difference of 22' in latitude and 2'in longitude, again making a total differenceof 24'.However small cities are normally only half oreven less than half the size of Delhi or Bom-bay. Towns are only a few kms. in length orbreadth, thus making a total difference of fewminutes in all. If a centre point is chosen thenthe difference does not exceed more than 1'or 2' in latitude and longitude combined. Forthis reason for most of the towns and places,1' accuracy in longitude or latitude is just suf-ficient, whereas in metropolitan cities a fur-ther breakup into small area is advisable.To understand the total difference caused bylongitude and latitude, let us convert the maxi-mum combined difference in Delhi or Bom-bay (~25') into time. We find it is equivalentto 100s of time. And from a centre point it isonly ±50s. i.e. less than a minute! Thus whentime of birth is accurate only to a minute level,taking the centre point of even the metros forlongitude or latitude is not going to add muchto the inaccuracy in results.Computation of Distance:We have seen above that there is a directrelationship between distance and the longi-tude or latitude. We can easily compute theareial distance between the two points onearth if we know their coordinates accurately.

For rough computations of distance, wemay simply add up the difference of lon-gitude and latitude and equate that tomiles.

Example : Calculate the distance be-tween Delhi and Mumbai approximately.Coordinates of Delhi 280 39' N 770 13'ECoordinates of Mumbai 180 58' N 720 50'EDifference 90 41' and040 23'or 581' and 263'adding the two, distance between Delhi andMumbai is

844' » 844milesTaking 1 mile = 1.6 Km. difference between Delhiand Mumbai is 1350 Km. approximately.

Distance between two points on the earth'ssurface having longitude and latitude L1, f1and L2, f2 respectively can be computed ac-curately by first computing the angular dis-tance between the following points by the fol-lowing formula :Cos d = Sinf1.Sinf2+Cosf1.Cosf2.Cos (L1-L2)then computing the required linear distanceby the following formula

S = 6371p d/180 kms.where d is expressed in degrees.(Note: The formula does not work well for verysmall values of d)

Example : Calculate the distance be-tween Delhi and Mumbai, taking the fol-lowing coordinates.

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Some countries have a great longitudinalextent and so they adopt more than one stand-ard time. For example USA has as many as5 standard times. The earth has been dividedinto 24 time zones of one hour each. A fewcountries like India adopt a time zone in be-tween the two, like 5½ hour zone.Time CorrectionIn countries with high latitudes, day durationchanges drastically from say 6 hours in win-ters to 18 hours in summers. At poles thisdifference becomes so large that there is dayfor six months and night for six months.In Northern latitude May, June are longer,whereas in Southern latitude DecemberJanuary are longer and they have summer atthis time. In summer the sun rises very early.To take the advantage of sun light, the clocksare advanced by one hour during summer forabout six months and it is set back to originalposition during winter. This advanced time iscalled "summer time" or "day light savingtime". At some places the correction is donefor 2 hours and it is called as "double sum-mer time". Similarly sometimes it is only halfan hour correction. Since this adjustment isonly to save light, it is substracted before wedo any astronomical calculation.SummaryFor astrological purposes we need date, timeand place of birth. City of birth is normallysufficient as place of birth. Alongwith this oneshould know the standard time zone and theday light saving time correction to know ex-actly and correct the time of birth.

With the knowledge of coordinates we caneven determine the distance between twopoints. Longitudinal distance play vital rolein time gap compa red to latitude.

Delhi : L1 = 77013' E f1= 28039'NMumbai: L2 = 72050' E f2 = 18058' NCosd = Sin28039'.Sin18058'+Cos28039'.

Cos18058'.Cos(77013'-72050')on solving, Cosd = 0.983324945

or d = 10.477956950

so, s = 6371*p*10.47795695180

or s = 1165 kms.

Note : - The result is accurate up to a fewKms. The inaccuracy is mainly due to flatten-ing of the earth, which has been ignored in thepresent formula.Longitude and TimeSun is the best time-keeper throughout theworld. It Sun regularly rises and sets every day.Local time can be measured by the shadowcast by the sun. All the places on a meridianhave midday at the same moment. If the earthrotates from West to East, places East ofGreenwich are ahead of Greenwich time andthose in the West behind it. Since the earthrotates 3600 in 24 hours, every 150 there is adifference of 1 hour.Standard TimeLocal time of places which are on differentmeridians differ. In India there will be a time dif-ference of about 1 hour and 45 minutes in thelocal time of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh inAssam. It will be difficult to prepare a time-tableof trains which move from one corner to another.It is therefore necessary to adopt the local timeof some central meridian of a country as thestandard time for the country. In India 82030'E istreated as the standard meridian. The local timeat this meridian is taken as the standard time forthe whole country.

12

ne Solar day is thetime between twosuccessive passages

of the sun across themeridian as observed at aparticular place. In astrology,we are interested in motionof stars. We want to knowthe time period of earth whenany star is observed to returnto the same position. Sucha clock is called a siderealclock and its time, beingregulated by stars is calledsidereal time.There are 365.2422 days inthe year. During this period,the earth makes onerevolution around the Sun. Ifwe look from remote stars,

we see that the earth hasmade 366.2422 circles aboutits axis in 365.2422 days.Each sidereal day is thus :Duration of one sidereal day

Duration of sidereal yearNo. of sidereal days

365.2422366.242223 hr. 56 m 4.09 s

(shorter by 3 min 55.91seconds than the mean solarday of 24 hours.)GMT and Greenwichsidereal time coincide atone instant every year at theautumnal equinex (around

September 22). Thereafter,the difference increasesuntil half a year later it is 12hours (around March 23).After one year, the timesagain coincide.To compute sidereal timemanually, please refer to�Tables of Ascendants� byN.C. Lahiri.The 10th House or Mid-Heaven : The point ofintersection of the ecliptic ofthe given time with themeridian of the place is thetenth house for that moment.If A is the sidereal timeexpressed in degrees and Bis the tenth house, then tenthhouse can be computed as :

Calculation ofSidereal Time and Ascendant

In this lesson we are describing sidereal time and are listingthe formulas to derive 10th house and ascendant degree

accurately using sidereal time. Oral computation of ascendantis also described. Attention is drawn towards the common

error committed by most of the fellow astrologers in thecomputation of ascendant or planet degrees.

O=

==

13

tan B = tan A Sec wwhere w is the inclination ofearth�s equatorial plane tothe ecliptic.Ascendant : The ascendantis the point of intersection ofthe ecliptic with the easternhorizon of the place.if A is the sidereal time indegrees + 900thentan B = tan A cos w ....(1)

From A & B, we can evaluateD the declination & q =90 -angle between meridian &ecliptic, as:

sin D = sin A sin w ....(2)sin q = sin w cos b ....(3)

From D & q, we computethe ascendant as :tan E = sin D tan(j + q) ..(4)

where j is the latitude of theplace.

Ascendant = B + E ....(5)The value of the ascendantas calculated above is thesayan value. Subtractingayanamsa we get nirayanaascendant. The aboveformulae gives accuratevalues of ascendant. Inabsence of scientifccalculators, the ascendant &the tenth house can becomputed using tables ofascendant by N.C. Lahiri.However, calculation ofascendant using tables givesrise to errors because oftables not available for thegiven place or for the givensidereal time. This errorsome times goes upto manyminutes of arc.

Approximate computationof Ascendant : Theascendant can also becomputed approximatelyorally from date of time ofbirth. It does not vary muchbecause of latitude orlongitude, if local time istaken. So take the standardtime & roughly estimate thelocal time. Take the date ofbirth and estimate the Sundegree, using the fact that itis 00 on 14th April and itadvances by 10 everyday or1 sign every month.Month Sun�s

entryApril AriesMay TaurusJune GeminiJuly CancerAugust LeoSeptember VirgoOctober LibraNovember ScorpioDecember SagittariusJanuary CapricornFebruary AquariusMarch Pisces

If the date of birth isDecember 13th, then as pertable given Sun enters intoSagittarius on 15th Dec.Hence it is approximately on280 scorpio on 13thDecember in any year.Since at Sun rise, Sun is atthe eastern horizon, so theSun degree matches with the

14

ascendant degree. Hence atSun rise on 13th Decemberany year, the ascendant isapproximately 280 Scorpio.After that it increases by thesign every 2 hours or 10 every4 minutes. More accurately,it crosses six signs fromSun rise to Sun set and nextsix signs from Sun set toSun rise. So if time of birthis 1 PM and since sunriseis approximately at 7.15AM in Delhi at that time andday duration is only about10 hours the ascendantafter 5hrs. 45 minutes ofsunrise shall be 3 signs andfew degrees away than theSun, that is, it will be justcrossing Aquarious andreaching Pisces.Actual calculations show thatascendant on 13.12.56 at 1PM at Delhi is 907� Pisces.Traditionally, we calculateascendant from Ishta Ghatiusing Palabha, Lankodaya,Udaymaan and Sun degreesfor different signs. Howeverbecause of bettertrignometric methodsdescribed above we are notputting it down here.To make the task easy,Panchangs give ending timeof ascending signs on dailybasis for a given place. Thesetables can be directly used toget fairly correct ascendantsign. An interpolation of time

between the two signs alsogives us ascendant accurateto a degree normally sufficientfor most of the astrologicalpredictions.Ascendant calculation forforeign births : To utmostsurprise, at least 50%astrologers commit mistakein calculating the ascendantfor foreign births. This ismainly because they convertthe time of birth to IndianStandard time. This way if abirth has taken place in themorning in New York, it

go for the method prescribedabove. It will giveapproximately correct valueof ascendant for anylongitude or latitude (southlatitude also).To make the task furthereasy, take any Panchangwhich gives ending momentof signs for given local timeof birth. Compute the localtime by making oralcorrection for longitude totime zone and look into thetable to get ascendantaccurate to few degrees.This works because of thebasic fact that ascendentvaries only by a few degreesdue to latitude.Further note that to calculateplanet positions usingephemeris or Panchangs, itis necessary to convert timefrom other time zone to ISTsince the Panchangs aregiving values at IST only.This is the common mistakedone by most of theastrologers that they converttime to IST for calculation ofascendant and take the timeas it is for calculation ofplanet degrees. So,remember : Do no converttime to IST for ascendantcalculation of foreignbirths but convert the timeto IST for planet degreecalculations.

becomes evening in India.Then when we calculate thehoroscope, we find sunplaced in the 7th house,whereas it should be in theascendant by virtue of thedefinition of ascendant itself.The trignometric methodabove holds good for anydate, time and place of birth.You do not have to changeanything anywhere. However,if you want to computeascendant orally, then also

50% astrologerscommit mistake in

calculating theascendant for foreignbirths. This is mainlybecause they convert

the time of birth toIndian Standard Time.

15

n the last issue weexplained how tocompute your ascen-

dant. Now we need to placethe planets in the chart. Tocompute the planet degrees,we recommend the readersto follow Ephemeris by N.C.Lahiri. You can get theseephemeris from 1900 tilldate. You can also get ad-vanced ephemeris by otherauthors for up to 2050 or2100. However, if you wantto compute horoscope for adate before 1900 or after2100 then you can get itthrough a computer whichare normally available fromyear 1 to year 9999. How-ever for dates even beyond

this, extra efforts are required& even computer horo-scopes need be verified be-fore accepting them as such.The ephemeris or Panchangis a collection of daily orweekly position of planet po-sitions in a tabular form. Theposition for a given date andtime can be obtained simplyby taking average. Averagesare normally sufficient for As-trological purposes, but we cannot take it as accurate positionsof the planet for that date &time. For more accuracy onecan go to interpolaxtion tech-niques using more data avail-able in the ephemeris.The deviations occur be-

cause planets do not movewith a regular speed. Thespeed increase or de-creases with time. If thespeed of the planet is morein the beginning and less to-wards the end, the valuesobtained are slightly morethan the actual longitudes be-cause, in actual the planetmoves a little more than whatit moves on average.The problem of speed ofplanet occurs mainly forMoon only because Moonplays the maximum Role inastrological computations.Example : Compute planet de-grees for Native born on15.1.1970 at 11.30 AM at Delhi :

Cast Your Horoscope

I

The chart is pictorial representation of earth. The planetsthat revolve around earth are placed in the chart indicatingtheir respective position. This lesson describes the method

of calculation of planetry positions. Different system ofpresentation of charts is described so that one may

cast his horoscope in the desired fashion.

16

Please refer �Condensed Ephemeris 1961-71� by NC Lahiri. We get the following degreeslisted in the ephemeris.

Mon Mer.120 521 x 6 hr -1015'

24 hr. 4Sun Mars Ven Jup Sat

20 2' x 6 hr 1030' 20 31' 12' 3'48 hr 8 8 8 8

Rah. Ura Nep. Plu.(-)1054' x 14.25 (-)6' x 14.25 45' x 14.25 -17' x 14.25

31 days 31 31 31

With this the Planet degrees at the time of birth becomes as under :Mon Mer Sun Mar Ven

0s6023' 8s27013' 9s0059' 10s29013' 8s28038'3013' (-) 19' 15' 11' 17'

0s9036' 8s26054' 9s1014' 10s29024' 8s28055'Jup Sat Rah Ura Nep Plu

6s10035' 0s8044' 10s20033' 5s15017' 7s6027' 5s3057'1' 0' -52' -3' +21' -8'

6s10036' 0s8044' 10s19041' 5s15014' 7s6048' 5s3049'

= 30 131 = (-)19'

= 15' = 11' = 17' = 1' = 0'

Sun Mar. Ven Jup. Sat17.1.1970 9s 30 01' 11s 00 43' 9s 10 09' 6s10047' 0s8047'15.1.1970 9s 00 59' 10s 290 13' 8s28038' 6s10035' 0s8044'at 5.30 AM. 20 2' 10 30' 2031' 12' 3'

Mer Mon Rahu Ura Nep. Plu16.1.1970 8s 250 58' 0s19015' 1.2.70 10s18039' 5s15011' 7s7012' 5s3040'15.1.1970 8s 270 13' 0s60 23' 1.1.70 10s20033' 5s15017' 7s6027' 5s3057'

(-) 10 15 12052' - (-) 10-54' (-) 6' 45' -17'Note that (-) Sign in the calculation indicates the backward or retrograde motion of the planetThe planet degrees are given for 5hr 30min in the morning and time of birth is 11h 30 m. i.e..6 hrs Later. So on average we find the planets movement as under.

= (-) 52' = (-) 3' = 21' = (-) 8'

Similarly :

17

Ketu always being 6 signsaway from Rahu comes to4s190 41'.The above example showsthe planet degree computa-tion for places in India usingLahiri Ephemeris which aremade for IST. There is notime rectification requiredfor places in India. Thetables are to be used assuch without correcting timeto local time.If the place of birth is out ofIndia, e.g. New York which is10 hrs 30 min behind India -Then the time has to be con-verted to IST before applyingthese tables i.e.15.1.1970 11.30 A.M. NewYork is equivalent to15.1.1970 22.00 hrs. Delhi.for calculations of planet de-grees.Similarly if we are using tablesmade for GMT or any othertime zone, we must converttime in IST to that time zoneand then use such tables.This is one of the commonmistake made by most as-trologers. Since this mis-take does not make muchdifference in planet degrees,it gets overlooked. However,this does change theMoon�s position by few de-grees and thus related com-putations, specially Dasagets changed.

Casting Horoscope :Knowing the ascendant andthe planet degrees, we cancast the horoscope. The chartthat we draw is representa-tion of earth. The planets re-volve around earth. For thepictorial representation ofplanets position around earth,we place them in the twelvedivisions around earth.The pictorial representationof planets around earth is dif-ferent at different places.Mainly it is represented infour ways.

In the North Indian style as-cendant is always fixed at thetop and the zodiac movesanticlock wise. In the SouthIndian style, Zodiac is fixedin the clock wise direction;ascendant & planets movealong the zodiac as the timechanges. In Bengali style zo-diac is again fixed butanticlock wise, ascendant &planets move along the zo-diac like South Indian Sys-tem .In western style the as-cendant is fixed and placedon the left hand side whereas

North Indian South Indian

Bengali Western

AscendantAries

Aries

Ascendant

18

Zodiac moves in theanticlock wise direction:Again working on the ex-ample horoscope we placethe ascendant & the planetsin the four styles as follows . :Planet Sign DegreeAsc Pis 2205'Sun Cap 1014'Mon Ari 9036'Mar Aqu 29024'Mer-R Sag 26054'Jup Lib 10036'Ven Sag 250155'Sat Ari 8044'Rah-R Aqu 19041'Ket -R Leo 19041'Ura-R Vir 15014'Nep Sco 6048'Plu-R Vir 3049'A cross sign has been markedwith planets those are retro-grade similarly other marks likecombustion or shifting ofhouse in chalit can also beplaced depending upon the

North Indian South Indian

Bengali Western

Asc

Mon Sat3 4 X Ket

X Ura X Plu

Jup

NepX M

er Ve

n

12 5

67

89101112

SunMar X Rah

Asc

Mar XRah

Sun

XMer Ven Nep Jup XUra X Plu

XKet

Mon Sat1

2

3

45

X Ket

6XUra X Plu

7Jup

8 Nep

9 XMer Ven

10 Sun

Mar XRah11

Asc12

Mon Sat AscMar

XRah

Sun

XMerVen

NepJupXUraXPlu

XKet

requirement. All the charts rep-resent the same horoscope.However, with practice, anastrologer gets accustomed

to one kind of chart and wesuggest every user to stick tothe style he finds himselfmore comfortable.

MonSat

19

y now we have learnt how to calculateascendant, tenth house and planets'position. Using this data, we shall now

determine the span of a house and in whichhouse a planet is posited.What is a House?The circle of the zodiac is divided into 12divisions called houses. Each house doesnot necessarily extend to 300 - it is either lessor more. According to the Vedic astrology,ascendant is the mid point of the first houseand mid heaven is the mid point of the tenthhouse. A house starts approximately 150 be-fore the mid point and extends about 150 be-yond the mid point. The point at which thefirst house ends and next house starts iscalled "Bhava Sandhi" and the house ex-tends from first Sandhi to the next. However,the whole sign does not fall in one house. Ahouse normally extends over two signs. Each

Calculation of Houseof a Planet

B

planet, depending upon its degree, falls inone sign and one house. The house as vis-ible in the Lagna chart is not the planet's ac-tual house position.

It is very important to consider the house division for correctpredictions. The planets show their behaviour according

to the house they occupy. This lesson describes themethod to calculate the dimensions of the house

and thus determine in which house the planet lies. It alsodescribes the Western or K P Method of house division.

1sthouse2nd

house

4thhouse

6thhouse

5thhouse

3rdhouse

7thhouse

8thhouse

9thhouse

10thhouse

11thhouse

12thhouse

Bhava Sandhi (End of 1st House) Bhava Sandhi (Start of 1st House)Ascendant (Centre of 1st House)

Midh

eave

n (Ce

ntre o

f 10th

Hous

e)

Descendant (Centre of 7st House)

Indian system of House Division

20

House divisionFor any date, time and place, there are somestars rising in the eastern origin and somestars setting in the western horizon. This isbecause of the earth's rotation around itsaxis. The eastern horizon is called the firsthouse, whereas the western horizon is the

tend to differ if the ascendant degree is highand planet degree is low or vice versa. To rep-resent this situation, sometimes we place theplanet in Bhava Sandhi. We draw a chart withtwelve houses and twelve Bhava Sandhis. Theplanet which is in the same house in Lagnaor as per house degrees, it is placed in thehouse; else it is placed in the Bhava Sandhi.In the South Indian style where each box rep-resents a sign (not a house) we mark thehouses with degrees and place the planetsand houses in the order of the degree theyown. If a planet is beyond the limit of thehouse we take it in the next house.Different methods are in vogue to determinethe extent of the house. However, only twosystems of house division are common.1. Indian system of house division : In thissystem ascendant and the mid heaven arecalculated and the difference between themis divided into six equal parts. The midheaven is the centre of 10th house. Addingthe sixth part gives the ending of 10th houseor starting of 11th house. Adding of sixth partagain and again gives 11th house middle,12th house beginning, 12th house middle, 1sthouse beginning and 1st house middle. In asimilar way adding to the ascendant succes-sively the sixth part of the difference between4th house and the ascendant, longitudes ofthe 2nd and 3rd houses are obtained. Theremaining houses can be calculated by add-ing 6 signs to each of the opposite house.Example : Compute house degrees for na-tive born on 15.01.1970 at 11.30 AM at Delhi.From the previous lessons we have :Ascendant : Pisces 22051'Tenth house : Sagittarius 1707'Subtracting 10th house degree from ascendantWe get 352051'

257007'95044'

Dividing by 6 we get 15057'20"

EarthWesternHorizon.

EasternHorizon.

Mid heaven

Descendant Ascendant

7th house. The point above the head of theperson is called the mid heaven or the 10thhouse. In Indian system of house division therising point, the setting point and the midheaven point are considered the centre ofthe 1st house, 7th house and 10th house re-spectively, whereas in the western systemthese are considered the starting points ofthe houses.Why do we calculate houseIn astrology, we describe the planet's resultsin a particular house. The planets are knownto give results according to the house inwhich they live. The Lagna chart only tells usin which sign a planet is posited. It also tellsus about the aspects of a planet on the otherplanets. However, it does not confirm thehouse in which a planet is situated. So wemake another chart called Chalit, which givesus the information about the house in whicha planet is posited.To draw the Chalit chart, determine the start-ing point of the twelve houses as describedand if the planet degree lies in the extent ofthe house, then place the planet in that house.Normally the house position derived in sucha manner and the house occupied by theplanet in the Lagna chart are same. But they

21

Adding this to 10th house degree we get10th house Sag. 1707111th house beginning Cap. 304'11th house middle Cap. 1902'12th house beginning Aqu. 4059'12th house middle Aqu. 20056'1st house beginning Pisc. 6054'1st house middle Pisc. 22051'Similarly computing other house degreeswe get :House House Start House Middle

1 Pis. 6054' Pis. 22051'2 Ari. 6054' Ari. 20056'3 Tau. 4059' Tau 1902'4 Gem. 304' Gem 1707'5 Can. 304' Can 1902'6 Leo. 4059' Leo 20056'7 Vir. 6054' Vir 22051'8 Lib. 6054' Lib. 20056'9 Sco. 4059' Sco. 1902'

10 Sag. 304' Sag. 1707'11 Cap. 304' Cap. 1902'12 Aqu. 4059 Aqu. 20056'

2. Western system or placidus systemof house division : In this system, the starrising in the eastern horizon is on the ascend-ant. It then passes over the 12th house, the11th house, the 10th house etc. in equal in-tervals of time, until it sets when it reachesthe descendant. The ascendant and midheaven are taken as start of the respectivehouse and not the centre. The exact methodof calculation of house degrees is difficultand tables are available to compute it on thebasis of the sidereal time or the 10th house.Krishnamurthy System uses the above sys-tem of house division only.The values calculated for the model horo-scope for the twelve cusps, as per placidussystem, are :

Cusp Sign Cusp degree1 Pis. 22051'

2 Ari. 27017'3 Tau. 23036'4 Gem. 1707'5 Can. 1206'6 Leo. 12055'7 Vir. 22051'8 Lib. 27017'9 Sco. 23036'10 Sag. 1707'11 Cap. 1206'12 Aqu. 12055'

The model horoscope planet degrees areas follows :

Planet Sign DegreeSun Cap 1014'Mon Ari 9036'Mar Aqu 29024'Mer-R Sag 26054'Jup Lib 10036'Ven Sag 25015'Sat Ari 8044'Rah-R Aqu 19041'Ket -R Leo 19041'Ura-R Vir 15014'Nep Sco 6048'Plu-R Vir 3049'

The Lagna chart is as below :

Mon Sat1

2

3

4 5X Ket

6XUra X Plu

7Jup

8 Nep

9 XMer Ven

10 Sun

Mar XRah11

Asc12

The planets Sun and Pluto to move to previ-ous house as per Indian system of housedivision, because Sun is at Cap 1014' andthe 11th house starts from Cap 305', henceleaving Sun in the 10th house. Similarly Plutois at Virgo 3049', 7th house starts from Virgo

22

6054' thus leaving Pluto in the 6th house.Hence Chalit chart is as shown.

Here Sat and Mon move to the 1st Cusp,Plu and Uranus in 6th cusp Jupiter in 7th,Neptune in 8th and Sun in 10th, rest in thesame cusp as in Lagna.If we do a comparative study we find thehouse of the planets in the given horoscopein Lagna, Chalit and cuspal charts as fol-lows:Planet Lagna Chalit Cusp

(Ind.Sys.) (Wes. Sys.)Sun 11 10 10Mon 2 2 1Mar 12 12 12Mer 10 10 10Jup 8 8 7Ven 10 10 10Sat 2 2 1Rah 12 12 12Ket 6 6 6Ura 7 7 6Nep 9 9 8Plu 7 6 6From the table we notice that many planetschange their cuspal position compared toLagna chart whereas only a few change in theChalit chart. This is because in the cuspal chartascendant degree is taken as the start of thehouse and not the middle. So the probabilityof change of house is increased. Secondly, incusp more planets move to the previoushouse, again because the start of house incusp is higher than in chalit.ImportantIt is very important to consider the house di-vision for correct predictions. The planetsshow their behaviour according to the housethey occupy. The behaviour is enhanced de-pending upon its strength, which is deter-mined depending upon the sign orNakshatra it occupies. Hence use Lagnachart only to know the sign in which a planetis posited and use Chalit chart to confirm thehouse position of the planet. Do not take theaspects as per the house or Lagna chart.Look at the degrees to determine if there isany aspect between two planets.

It is also represented as.

TanuMon Sat

DhanBhratra

Matra

Putra

Roga

Ketu

Kalat

raUr

a Ayu Jup

BhagyaNep

KarmaMer Ven

LabhaMar R

ahVy

aya

Mon SatDhan

RogaKetu Plu

KalatraUra

AyuJup

BhagyaNep

SunKarmaMer Ven

Labha

Mar RahVyaya

TanuBhratra

Matra

Putra

In the Chalit Chakra, it is clear from the place-ment that Sun and Pluto to have moved outfrom their house to the previous house.The cusp chart as per the western system isshown as follows :

Chalit Chart

Chalit Chakra

Plu

Sun

I 22051'Sat 8044'Mon 9036'I I 27017'

III 23036'

XII 12055'Mar 29024'Rah 19041'

XI 1206'Sun 1014'

Mer 26054'Ven 25015'X 1707'

IX 23036'Nep 6048'

VIII 27017'Jup 10036'

VI 12055'Ket 19041'

V 1206'

IV 1707'

Plu 3049'Ura 15014'VII 22051'

Cusp Chart

23

Know Your Dasha

T o predict the past present andfuture, saints evolved the system of"Dasha" or period. Any planet influ-

ences someone more than others at somepoint of time, than the other planet takes overand so on.Many Dasha systems have been describedas many as 42. But the most common and -popular Dasha system is "Vimshottari". Asthe name suggests, the complete cycle ofDasha is of 120 years. All the nine planetstake part in this system. The periods and theconstellation assigned to them is as follows:

Table -1Planet Constellation YearSun Krittika, U. Phalguni, Uttar Ashada 6Moon Rohini, Hasta, Shravana 10Mars Mrigshira, Chitra, Dhanistha 7Rahu Ardra, Swati, Satbhisha 18Jupiter Punarvasu, Vishakha, P. Bhadrapada 16Saturn Pushya, Anuradha, U. Bhadrapada 19Mercury Ashlesha, Jyestha, Revati 17Ketu Magha, Mool, Ashwini 7Venus P. Phalugni, Purva Ashada, Bharani 20

At the time of birth of the native, the constel-lation occupied by the Moon determineswhich planet will rule at that time. The fractionof the constellation balance at that time de-termines the "balance of Dasha", that is thetime period for which the planet will rule afterbirth. After the end of the ruling period of thatplanet, other planets rule one by one in thecyclic order as listed in table 1.Let us understand it by an example. In themodel horoscope in the previous issue, wehave date of birth 15-1-1970, time 4.30 A.M.and place of birth Delhi. On this date and timeMoon's degree is Aries 90 361 , that is, it is inAshwini Nakshatra. Ashwini starts at 00 Ar-ies and extends upto 130201 Of Aries. Thisway Moon has crossed 90 361 of Aries andhas 130 201 - 90 361 = 30 441 still to go. Fromtable-I we find Ashwini is represented by Ketuhaving a period of 7 years. Hence the nativewas born when ketu was ruling and it had abalance of

In Astrology it is understood that at any point of time natureis governed by a planet and the position of that planet in the

horoscope determines how the native will feel or behave.This chapter details the calculation of the planet acting at any

point of time and the period for which the planet rules.

24

30 441 x 7 years = 1.96 years130 201 = 1 year 16 months

16 daysAdding this period to date of birth, we get

15 - 1 - 197016 - 11 - 11 - 1 - 1972

ie. the native experienced influence of Ketufor 1 year 16 months 16 days from birth till1 Jan. 1972. Thereafter, according to table1, was under the influence of Venus for 20years upto 1-1-1992; followed by Sun for 6years upto 1-1-1998, then by Moon for 10years 1-1-2008 and so on.Note that the period of 1 year 11 months 16days is called the balance of 7 years of Ketu20 years of Venus etc. are called Dasha pe-riods.Thus we compute the Dasha periods for na-ture as follows :Balance of Dasha : 1 year 11 months 16 days,of Ketu.

D.O.B. 15 - 1 - 1970Balance of Ketu 16 - 11 - 1

1 - 1 - 1972Venus 20

1 - 1 - 1992Sun 6

1 - 1 - 1998Moon 10

1 - 1 - 2008Mars 7

1 - 1 - 2015Rahu 18

1 - 1 - 2033Jupiter 16

1 - 1 - 2049Saturn 19

1 - 1 - 2068Memory 17

1 - 1 - 2085No one will be satisfied if we tell him how hewill go through his next 10 or 20 years in nutshell. He would want to know the effects ofevents in detail. So the above Dashas arefurther subdivided into sub periods or AntarDashas. During the planet's Dasha, AntarDasha starts from planet itself, followed bythe same sequence as given in table I. Theperiod is also subdivided into the same frac-tions as assigned in table No. 1. In brief Sunrules for 6 years. Sun will have its own subperiod first for 6x6/120 = 36/120 years

= 36 x 12120

= 3 months 18 daysAfter this will come Moon's sub period. Moonrepresents 10 years out of total span of 120years of Vimshottari dasa. So it will rule for1/12th part of the total period of 6 years ofSun .Thus Moon will have sub period of

6 x 10/120 = ½ = 6 monthsIn a similar manner we can compute sub pe-riods of all the planets while major influenceof other planet is there.

months

25

Table 2 : Vimshottari Sub Periods Sub Periods of Sun Dasha

Planet Sun Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mer Ketu VenYear 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1Month 3 6 4 10 9 11 10 4 0Day 18 0 6 24 18 12 6 6 0

Sub Periods of Moon DashaPlanet Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mer Ketu Ven SunYear 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0Month 10 7 6 4 7 5 7 8 6Day 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sub Periods of Mars DashaPlanet Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mer Ketu Ven Sun MoonYear 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0Month 4 0 11 1 11 4 2 4 7Day 27 18 6 9 27 27 0 6 0

Sub Periods of Rahu DashaPlanet Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mer Ketu Ven Sun Moon MarsYear 2 2 2 2 1 3 0 1 1Month 8 4 10 6 0 0 10 6 0Day 12 24 6 18 18 0 24 0 18

Sub Periods of Jupiter DashaPlanet Jupiter Saturn Mer Ketu Ven Sun Moon Mars RahuYear 2 2 2 0 2 0 1 0 2Month 1 6 3 11 8 9 4 11 4Day 18 12 6 6 0 18 0 6 24

Sub Periods of Saturn DashaPlanet Saturn Mer Ketu Ven Sun Moon Mars Rahu JupiterYear 3 2 1 3 0 1 1 2 2Month 0 8 1 2 11 7 1 10 6Day 3 9 9 0 12 0 9 6 12

Sub Periods of Mercury DashaPlanet Mer Ketu Ven Sun Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter SaturnYear 2 0 2 0 1 0 2 2 2Month 4 11 10 10 5 11 6 3 8Day 27 27 0 6 0 27 18 6 9

26

Sub Periods of Ketu Dasha

Planet Ketu Ven Sun Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn MerYear 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0Month 4 2 4 7 4 0 11 1 11Day 27 0 6 0 27 18 6 9 27

Sub Periods of Venus Dasha

Planet Ven Sun Moon Mars Rahu Jupiter Saturn Mer KetuYear 3 1 1 1 3 2 3 2 1Month 4 0 8 2 0 8 2 10 2Day 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

To compute the table 2, the basic formula is :Sub period of a planet = (period of major

planet x period ofsub planet/120years.)

Since 1 year contains 12 months, the aboveformula reduces toSub period = (period of major

planet x period ofsub planet/10) inmonths.

We multiply the two periods and put a deci-mal after one digit from the right. The wholenumber so obtained gives in the months forthe Antar Dasha and the traditional part mul-tiplied by 3 gives the number of days for ofthe sub period.Sun's sub period in Maha Dasha of Sun willbe 6 x 6 = 36putting decimal It is 3.6 months.By multiplying decimal part by 3 we get

3.6 x 3 = 3 months 18 daysSub-Sub Periods : For further refining theresults, we can divide the sub periods intosub-sub periods (Pratyantar Dasha) and sub-

sub-sub periods (Sookshma Dasha) or evenfurther adopting the same procedure as forsub period. The formula for sub-sub periodwill be :Sub-sub period = (Period of major(Pratyantar Dasha) planet x period of

sub planet x periodof sub-sub planet) /(120x120) years

= (Period of majorplanet x period ofsub planet x periodof sub-sub planet) /1200 months

Sub-sub-sub period = (Period of major(Sookshma Dasha) planet x period of

sub planet x periodof sub-sub planet xperiod of sub-sub-sub planet)/(120x120x120)years.

= (Period of majorplanet x period ofsub planet x periodof sub-sub planet xperiod of sub-sub-sub planet)/

27

( 1 2 0 0 x 1 2 0 )months.

= (Period of majorplanet x period ofsub planet x periodof sub-sub planet xperiod of sub-sub-sub planet)/ 40 days

The smallest sub-sub-sub period is of Sun-Sun-Sun -Sun, which is

6 x 6 x 6 x 6400

If we go one step deep we get Prana Dasha ofSun-Sun-Sun-Sun-Sun = 3.24 x 6

120 = .162 days

= 4 hours. only

days

1296400= = 3.24 days

Though mathematically it seems to be viableto go even further down the step, howeverthese, calculation is highly susceptible to er-rors because of inherent errors in time of birthand we do not suggest at all to go beyond 5levels. Even 5th level is normally inaccurateenough to make it absurd. 1 minute of timecauses 30" = 1/2 of error in Moon. This shiftsthe Dasha of Sun by

6 years x 365 days x 24 hours 1130 201 x 60 2

= 33 hoursWhereas the entire Pran Dasha of Sun is onlyx 4 hours, the difference of 33 hours furthergets amplified to 110 hours, that is 5 days ifthe Moon is in the constellation of Venus atthe time of birth.

Note : While computing Dasha dateswe add days to days, months to monthsand years to years. If days are morethan 30, we take a carry over of 1 tomonths and similarly if months are morethan 12 we take a carry over of 1 to year.Here we do not take into account theactual number. of days in a month.It seems that we are taking a year as360 days only - 12 months x 30 daysper month. However, this is a wrongunderstanding. Actually, we are dividingthe year into months by multiplying by12 and further converting into days bymultiplying of 30. We add up in thesame manner. So it is not correct to addby taking actual days of months intoconsideration. This simplicity ofcalculation takes the year as 365.25days. The actual dates computed byrigorous calculations by taking actualdays of the months and by this simplemethod differ only by a few days;accurate practically for all astrologicalpurposes.

For a thought : There are manyinherent problems with Dashacalculation. Dasha changes very fastwith the absolute value of Moon'sposition. It does not depend upon anyother value and doubt in the value ofAyanamsa makes it almost useless.Secondly, there are so many Dashasystems and it is not known whichDasha should be applied when.Thirdly, the periods assigned todifferent planets seem to be quiteadhoc and no reasoning is availableanywhere. This makes the Dashasystem very doubtful and the transitof planets seems to give a muchbetter method of timing an event. Yet,it is difficult to deny the system ofDasha. Often it seems to be givingresults with undoubted accuracy.

28

here are three basicparameters in ahoroscope : 1. planet

2. house and 3. Rashi (sign).Twelve Rashis are spreadover twelve houses; on an av-erage one Rashi occupiesone house. However, Rashiis exactly 300, whereas ahouse may vary in size andthe starting of house may fallat any Rashi at any point. It isequivalent to placing one cir-cle over the other, both hav-ing same dimensions, butany one point on circumfer-ence of one circle can bemade to align with any pointon circumference of the othercircle. The rest of the circlegets automatically placed.Similarly in a horoscope wedetermine the Lagna (firsthouse position) and placethe Rashi circle over the restof the twelve houses.After fixing the signs overhouses we place the planetsin the various houses. Since

there are only nine planetsand some planets combinetogether in a house, somehouses are left empty. Theplanets possess some intrin-sic properties and whenmixed with the colour of signand house they occupy, theychange their colour, leadingto different behaviour, at dif-ferent time of births. Study ofthis change in behaviour ofthe planets is basic astrology.There are three basic rea-sons why planets behave dif-ferently, like1. the house in which it is

placed.2 sign in which it is placed3. other planets associated

with aspecting it.Once the planet's behaviouris ascertained because of itsplacement, the results arechanged with time, depend-ing upon Dasha operating atthat time. Dasha tells us

which planet is effective togive results at what time.To understand what the horo-scope has in store for a na-tive, let us study how the plan-ets have co-relation with life.We give below the basic na-ture of planets and housesand also what they signify.Signification of PlanetsSun : Sun is the king, soul,father, will power, life, glory,health, sovereignty andclothes. Its colour is pink orred. It has anger but momen-tary. Its element is gold andgem ruby. East is repre-sented by Sun.Moon : It is a cold, calm andquiet planet and representsmind, mother, motherland,money, eyes, lungs, liquidsand nurses. Its colour is white,direction north-east, elementis silver and gem pearl.Mars : Mars is a soldier andrepresents land, boldness,

The Art of Prediction

By now we have learnt how to cast horoscope. Even the bestcasting is useless if we can not use it for prediction. In this

lesson we describe how to start predicting a horoscope.

T

29

younger brothers and sisters,chemists, fire, anger, surgery.It has anger which stays for along time. Its element is cop-per and gem coral. Its colouris red and direction south.Mercury : Mercury is talka-tive and tactful, but not harm-ful. It is a good trader, math-ematician, editor and pub-lisher. It has excellent argu-mentative and analyticalpower. It represents memory,throat, arms, maternal unclesand short journeys. Its ele-ment is bronze and gem isemerald. Colour is green anddirection north.Jupiter : It is the heaviestand the most benefic planetand represents Guru. It is verypolitie and religious and rep-resents education, school,temples, oils, fats, sugar,long journeys, judges, priestsand scientists. It's colour isyellow, metal platinum, gemyellow saphire and directionnorth - east.Venus : Venus is a planet ofsex, love and beauty. It is apoet, dancer, singer, wife,actor or driver. It representsluxury, vehicles, kidney, silver,diamond, south-east direc-tion and white colour.Saturn : It is the most maleficplanet and very selfish andcunning. It represents death,politics, gas, aeroplanes pov-erty, servants, electronics andlegs. Its colour is blue, ele-ment iron, gem blue saphireand direction is west.

Rahu : Rahu is an expansion-ist planet and representssmoke, mental disturbance,loss, theft, death of a familymember. It also representssudden gain through lottery,gambling or speculation. Itscolour is black, element mixedmetal and gem gomed.Ketu : It has tail but no headand represents broken rela-tionships, changing events,accidents. It represents elec-tronics, brown colour. Gemis cat's eye.Signification of House1st house : 1st house or socalled Lagna is the most im-portant of all the houses anddetermines the longevity,health, character and natureof the native. It specificallysignifies the head.2nd house : This house isalso called 'Dhan' house anddeals with money matters,one's deposits, income tax,customs, computers. It rep-resents one's family andface, speech, food habits andleft eye.3rd house : Called 'Bhratra'house, this is the house ofbrothers and sisters, signifiescourage, boldness, short jour-neys and throat. One is madesinger by this house only.4th house : 4th house rep-resents mother, motherland,house, mental peace, vehi-cles and education. It is alsocalled 'Matra Bhava'. It repre-sents chest, particularly lungs.5th house : This house is

also called as 'Putra Bhava'and represents children, in-telligence, speculation andlove affairs. It indicatesstomach and gives profes-sions of teacher, principaland gynaecologist.6th house : This house iscalled 'Ripu Bhava', that ishouse of enemies. It governsdigestive system, quarrelscourt and jobs done by hand,like typing.7th house : Also called'Kalatra Bhava', it representswife, business partner, mar-riage, business or employ-ment in a private firm. It gov-erns sexual organs and dis-eases thereof.8thhouse: Called 'Ayusthan'it represents death, reasonsof death, underground wealth,historical things and monu-ments. It represents acci-dents, parental property, lifeinsurance, mining and anus.9th house : Called house ofluck and religion, it repre-sents pilgrimage, higherstudies like doctorate, longjourneys, languages like San-skrit, Roman and Hebrew. Italso indicates grand parentsand mental aptitude towardsYoga and Sadhana. It repre-sents hips.10th house : This house iscalled 'Karma Sthana' andrepresents the acts one does.It signifies father, government,politics, management. It gov-erns knees and defines theprofession of a person.

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Ascendant Yogakaraka Maraka Neutral(Benefics) (Malefics)

Aries Sun, Mar, Jup Mer, Mon, Ven,SatTaurus Sun, Mar, Mer, Sat Mon Jup. VenGemini Ven Mar, Sun, Sat, Jup Mon, MerCancer Mon, Mar, Jup Mer, Ven Sun, SatLeo Sun, Mar Mer, Ven Jup. Mon, SatVirgo Ven Jup, Moon, Mar Sat, Sun, MerLibra Mar, Mer, Ven Sat Mon Jup, Sun -Scorpio Sun, Mon, Jup Mer Ven Sat, MarSagittarious Sun, Mar Mer, Ven, Sat Jup, MoonCapricorn Mer, Sat, Ven Mer Mon, Jup SunAquarious Ven, Sun Sat, Mar Jup, Moon MerPisces Mon, Mar Sun Mer, Sat, Ven Jup.

Planet Ownership Exaltation Debilitation Aspects Nature SexSun Leo Aries Libra 7 Malefic MaleMoon Cancer Taurus Scorpio 7 Benefic FemaleMars Aries/Scorpio Capricorn Cancer 4,7,10 Malefic MaleMercury Gemini/Virgo Virgo Pisces 7 Benefic FemaleJupiter Sagi/Pisces Cancer Capricorn 5,7,9 Benefic MaleVenus Taurus/Libra Pisces Virgo 7 Benefic FemaleSatrun Capri/Aqua. Libra. Aries 3,7,10 Malefic ImpotantRahu - Taurus Scorpio - Malefic -Ketu - Scorpio Taurus - Malefic -

11th house :11th house is house of gainsor 'Labha' and representssources of income, elderbrothers and sisters, friend'scircle and legs.12 th house : The house ofloss and expenses is called'Vyaya Sthana' and coversbad habits, hospital, jail, longjourneys and quests. It alsoindicates export and import,also feet.Strength of PlanetsThe planets gain strength at

certain points and behavedifferently in different signsand houses. They show dif-ferent relationships with dif-ferent planets.Planets own certain signs.Sun and Moon own one signand other planets own twosigns each. Rahu - Ketu, be-ing pseudo planets, do notown any sign. Planets get ex-alted or become powerful atcertain points and get debili-tated exactly 1800 away.Moon, Mercury, Jupiter andVenus are benefic by natureand others are malefic as

shown in the table below .For any ascendant, some plan-ets become Yogakaraka orMaraka, depending upon thehouse they own. This is one ofthe most important factor inprediction. A Yogakarakaplanet shows good results inits Dasha or Antar Dasha.Stones are suggested only fora Yogakaraka planet. If aplanet is benefic only then it isgood to make it strong ; else itwill harm the native. Planetswhich are Yogakaraka foreach ascendant is given in thetable below.Benefics - Lords of 1,5,9Yogakaraka and lords of 4,

7, 10, if natu-ral malefic.

Malefics - Lords of 3,6,Maraka 11and lords of

4,7,10, if natu-ral benefic

Neutral - Lord of 2,8,12.

In the next lesson we shallstudy how to use these datafor predictions.

31

o explain the method ofprediction, I start withthe example of my

own horoscope :DOB : 13/12/1956TOB : 23:10POB : DelhiLagna is Leo. So the nativecan be identified by a lion.The lion is bold by nature andhas confidence to win overanyone. It is normally pas-sive and becomes activeonly when required. It doesnot harm until disturbed. Itnormally has a robust health.It is aspected by Saturn from4th house, which makes thenative hard working. The lordSun is placed in 4th housein Scorpio, a friend's house,but with Saturn and Rahu,which are its enemies. Itgives native health prob-lems, like blood pressure.Now consider 2nd house.Dhanasthan or house of

Art of Prediction -2

To predict horoscope, consider the houses one by one andsee the planets placed in the house, the planets aspecting it,

the placement of its lord and the planets aspecting it, orassociated with the lord. Amalgamation of the effects of these

units give, us the complete prediction about the horoscope.

T wealth contains Jupiter, theKaraka for this house. It indi-cates native will acquirewealth by own earnings. Ju-piter in 2nd house also givessoft and impressive voice.But there is aspect of Marson 2nd house. So some-times words are lost whilespeaking. This aspect alsogives a tendency that peoplemisunderstand or misinter-pret his words. The lord Mer-cury is placed in 5th house,so the native is a profes-sional, who earns by hisknowledge. Look at 3rdhouse. Venus is there in 3rdhouse - its own house. Marsis having 8th aspect on 3rdhouse. Also Moon has 7th as-pect on this house. A beneficplanet in 3rd house givesyounger sister and good rela-tionship with co-borns. Mars'aspect disturbs writing powerand Moon's aspect gives goodthroat and voice. It also giveslot of short journeys in life.

4th house, the house of com-forts, has three malefic plan-ets - Rahu, Saturn and Sun,making the native restless athome. This situation is furtheraggravated by the presenceof 4th lord Mars in 8th house.So many planets in 4thhouse ensures comforts athome, but the malefics indi-cate one does not pay atten-tion to home. It also indicatesbad health of mother. Saturnand Rahu indicate good edu-cation for the native.5th house contains Mercury inthe house owned by Jupiter. Itis also in exchange Yoga withJupiter from 2nd house. Thisgives very good calculationpower. It also ensures son tothe native. This also givesknowledge of astrology andcomputers to the native.6th house is owned by Saturnand aspected by Jupiter from2nd house and Saturn from 4th

32

house. 3rd aspect of Saturngives success over enemiesand Jupiter ensures native hasto do some work by hand, liketyping on computer.7th house is not aspected byany planet and its lord Sat-urn is placed in 4th house,which is 10th from 7th house.This gives native a workingwife. Saturn gives a wife withfair complexion belonging toan orthodox family. It also in-dicates business partner-ships that will not be smooth.8th house, the house of lon-gevity, contains Mars in thehouse of Jupiter, aspected byJupiter itself. Presence ofMars indicates many acci-dents in one's life, but Jupi-ter saves from all such acci-dents. He will also be benefit-ted from insurance. He willget property from his par-ents. Mars in 8th gives me-dium longevity, but Jupiterstretches it.9th house contains Moon,aspected by Venus, indicat-ing good luck for the native.The benefic planets in thehouse of religion also makethe native religious. He alsoundertakes long travel be-cause of these two planets.The Karmasthana 10thhouse is occupied by Ketuand has aspect of Jupiterfrom 2nd house and Sun andSaturn from 4th house.Jupiter's aspect makes thenative a businessman, Ketubrings him into computers,Saturn associates him withindustry and Sun ensures thathe is at the top of affairs in

his business environment.10th lord Venus in 3rd house,the house of courage, furtherensures business and indi-cates courageous steps inhis line of action.11th house, the house ofgains, has aspect of Mercuryand Mars. Since the houseis ruled by Mercury and itslord is in 5th house aspectingit, the native earns by intel-lect, but aspect of Mars from8th house reduces profitsinto losses too. So the overall success is not at par withthe work done by the native.12th house is owned byMoon and since its lord isplaced in 9th house, it indi-cates that the native gainsfrom far off land. Export andimport will give him gains. Italso ensures many foreigntours for the native.This way we see that toanalyse the horoscope we in-terpret the house one by one,or interpret the house whosesubject matter we want toknow. First we see what arethe planets posited in thathouse. Then see the aspectsover these planets, or thishouse and then see where thelord of the concerned house

is placed and which are theplanets aspecting it. Properamalgamation of the proper-ties and a little practice of link-ing things together gives youthe best of prediction.The special effects in thehoroscope can be seen bylooking at the various Yogasformed in the horoscope. Thepowerful Yogas take awaythe attention from other as-pects and they become moreeffective in life. For example,in this horoscope Jupiter andMercury are in exchangeYoga, that is, Jupiter is in thehouse of Mercury and Mer-cury in the house of Jupiter.This exchange gives the na-tive a strong liking for calcu-lation and astrology, sincethe exchange is between 2ndand 5th houses. It increasesthe intelligence level andgives him a professional ca-reer. Similarly Moon ispressed between Mars andKetu from both the sides,forming Durdhura Yoga,which gives native wealth,fame and power.Absence of any strongDhana Yoga makes him aman of normal means.Individually the Yogas some-times reverse the effects ofthe planets completely. Moreand more knowledge ofYogas makes a man betterand better astrologer.In the next lesson we shallsee how to time the eventsin ones life by using Dashaand transits.

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33

Art of Prediction-3

e continue with theexample cited in thelast article : Date of

Birth 13 :12: 1956, Time ofBirth 23 :10 at Delhi. LagnaKundli is as given .The native has the followingDashas :Balance of Dasha : Ketu 3years 11 months 2 days

AgeKetu upto 15:11:1960 4 yrs.Venusupto 15:11:1980 24 "Sun upto 15:11:1986 30 "Moon upto 15 :11:1996 40 "Mars upto 15:11:2003 47 "Rahu upto 15:11:2018 65 "Jup. upto 15:11:2034 81 "Dasha in the very childhoodbasically affects health of thenative and parents. Duringteenage it affects education,in youth it affects mind, joband family and in old age itagain affects health and thechildren or the caretaker.

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As we see the native wentthrough Dasha of Ketu uptoage of 4. Ketu is in thehouse of Venus in Kendra inthe house representingfather. Hence it gave goodhealth to native andprogress to father.After the age of 4 upto ageof 24 native went throughDasha of Venus. This wasthe age when studies wereimportant. Venus is in itsown house in the house ofwriting. It also representsartistic nature. The house of

education, that is 4th house,has Sun, Saturn and Rahuplaced there. Rahu andSaturn have the nature ofmaking the native introvertand thoughtful. Saturn givesinterest in science.Mercury in 5th makes nativecalculative. So the period ofVenus gave good educationwhile making the interest ofthe native in science andmathematics.From the age of 24 to theage of 30 native underwentDasha of Sun for 6 years.Sun in this horoscope isLagnesh in 4th house. Thisgave him start of his ownbusiness and gave a lot ofname and fame at the youngage of 24 to 30. Moon whichis lord of 12th is sitting in thehouse of luck. It broughtforward a great luck. Hebecame quite successful in

To time the events in ones life, we use Dasha and transits. Dashatells which planet is affecting the native at a particular time,

whereas transit tells us which natal planet is vibrating becauseof the transiting planet. A combined result of Dasha and transit

gives us the behaviour of the native at a particular time.

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his business and started anindustry.Moon is followed by Marsfrom the age of 40 to 47.Though Mars is Yogakarakabut is placed in 8th house. Itgave a big set back and theindustry was closed down.Rahu, which is in debilitationbut in Kendra in 4th house isexpected to give goodresults; somewhat similar tothe period of Sun. Rahu cangive health problem.Jupiter being 5th lord in 2ndhouse its Dasha will startonly at the age of 62, but itmay be best period of the lifeof the native. He may lead aserene life in this Dasha.Transit : To study thetransit, let us consider onlySaturn, Jupiter and Rahu.Other planets move fast.Sun, Mercury and Venusrotate once every year. Marstakes two years to completeone cycle and Moon takesonly a month. Ketu is alwaysopposite to Rahu. So for afull life description of thetransit, only three planets aresufficient. Saturn takes 30years to complete one cycle,Rahu 18 years and Jupiter12 years.Similarly we consider theeffect of these slow movingplanets over these planetsonly. Transit gives significantresults with respect to Moon.When Saturn crosses overMoon, we call it Sade Sati.Sade Sati normally giveslots of tension invariably. Itgives progress or loss,

excellent for professionalsuccess and a big break inbusiness association

Age Transit of Over House2 Jup Rah/Sat 4th- change of house12 Jup/Sat Jup/Moon 2nd- good education14 Jup Rah/Sat 4th- education, change of house18 Rah Rah/Sat 4th- education (excellent result)24 Jup Jup 2nd- scholarship26 Jup Rah/Sat over 4th lord- marriage and change

of house30 Sat Sat/Rah over 7th lord- break in partnership36 Jup Jup 2nd & 4th steep increase in income

Rah Rah/Sat and recognition in field of astrology38 Jup Rah/Sat 4th- setting up industry42 Sat Mon 9th-industry closed48 Jup Jup 2nd-good for income50 Jup Rah/Sat 4th-change of house54 Rah Rah/Sat 4th-fame60 Sat Sat/Rah 4th-60 Jup Jup 2nd-62 Jup Rahu/Sat 4th-

depending upon the sign inwhich Moon is. SimilarlySaturn crossing over 8thhouse from Moon also givestension and losses.In this case Jupiter crossedover Rahu/Saturn at the ageof 2, 14, 26, 38, 50, 62 etc.Saturn crossed over Jupiterat 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and overRahu/Saturn at the age of 30and 60. Rahu crossed overRahu/Sat at the age of 18,36, 54, So if we put thisagewise it is as per the table.If we look at the transits weinvariably find Jupitertransiting over 4th house overRahu and Saturn, has givena change of residence or hasgiven a new property. SinceSaturn is 7th lord, transit ofJupiter over 7th house gavemarriage and Saturn overRahu or Saturn gave break inbusiness partnership.

Native went through SadeSati of Saturn in 1968 andthen in 1996. During the firstone it gave a drop inacademic results and in 2ndit gave loss in business.Saturn crossed over 8thhouse from Moon at the ageof 30 in 1985-1988, when itgave break in partnershiptwice and brought theincome to the rock bottomlevel. It also gave bad healthto mother and loss of life ofone of the close relatives.In a nut shell transits seem tobe showing their results veryeffectively; even more thanDasha. Major transits bringmajor changes in the life of thenative. Transit of Saturn fromMoon is very important.Jupiter and Rahu give equalresults from Lagna, as well asMoon. If we superimpose theresult of Dasha over that of thetransit we can predict better.

35

Art of Prediction-4

e continue with theexample cited in thelast article : Date of

Birth 13 :12: 1956, Time ofBirth 23 :10 at Delhi. LagnaKundli is given as :

We have seen how Dasha and transit determine the periodof the happening. In this lesson, we shall see how

different Yogas affect the life of the native.

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There are thousands ofYogas mentioned in the textand it is not possible for anindividual to learn and applyall the Yogas manually on ahoroscope. Therefore wegive few important Yogas,which one can check on ahoroscope easily and candecide effectively.Exchange Yoga : ThisYoga is formed when two

planets exchange their re-spective houses i.e. planetA is in house of B and planetB is in house of A. Ex-change Yoga is good if itoccurs between Kendrasand Trikonas. The exchangemakes the affected planetsstrong, either good or bad,depending upon the house itrepresents.In the given horoscope also,there is a exchange be-tween Mercury and Jupiterfrom 2nd to 5th house, mak-ing the native good in calcu-lations and astrology. Thisalso gives the native incomefrom mental work.There can be maximumthree exchange Yogas in ahoroscope involving six plan-ets . In the horoscope ofMrs. Indira Gandhi therewere three exchanges.There is an exchange be-tween Moon and Saturnfrom Lagna to 7th house, ex-change between Sun and

change made her a verystrong lady. However, shewas killed in the Dasha ofSaturn- Moon, because Sat-urn and Moon, both gave re-sult of 7th house and be-came Maraka for her.Gaj Kesari Yoga : ThisYoga is formed when Jupiteris in Kendra from Moon . Itgives wealth and power tothe native.

Smt. Indira Gandhi19/11/1917

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Mars from 2nd and 5thhouse and Jupiter and Ve-nus from 6th and 11thhouse.These three ex-

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Chandra Mangal Yoga :When Moon and Mars aretogether, or there is nuturalaspect between them, thisYoga is formed. Because ofthis Yoga man is passion-ate.Sunapha Yoga : Whenthere are planets in 2ndhouse to Moon this Yoga isformed. In this Yoga nativewill have good wealth.Anapha Yoga : When thereare planets in 12th house toMoon this yoga is formed.If natural benefic planet isthere, it gives name, fame,wealth and success, whilenatural malefic gives trouble.Durudhara Yoga : Whenthere are planets both in the2nd and 12th houses toMoon, benefics give goodresult and malefic causetrouble. Benefic and maleficcombined give neutral results.Kemadrum Yoga : ThisYoga is formed when thereare no planets on both sidesof Moon . Native is very poorin this case.Vesi Yoga : When there areplanet in 2nd house fromSun this Yoga is formed.Natural benefic planet givegood result and maleficcause trouble.Vasi Yoga : When there areplanets in 12th from Sun thisYoga is formed. Natural ben-efic planets give good resultand malefic cause trouble.Ubhayachari Yoga : Whenthere are planets both in the2nd and 12th house to Sun

benefics give good resultand malefic cause trouble.Benefic and malefic com-bined give neutral results.Pancha Maha PurushaYogas : Following are the fiveYogas formed by five planets-Mars, Jupiter, Mercury, Venusand Saturn :(a) Ruchaka Yoga : WhenMars is in exaltation or ownsign and is in Kendra toLagna or Moon, this Yoga isformed . In this Yoga nativewill have good health, wealthand get higher position indefence or police.(b) Hansa Yoga : When Ju-piter is in exaltation sign orown sign and is in Kendra toLagna or Moon, this Yoga isformed . In this Yoga nativewill have good personalityand good moral character.(c) Bhadra Yoga : This Yogais formed when Mercury is inits exaltation sign, own signand is in Kendra to Moon andLagna. With this Yoga personwill have good proportionallimbs and strong body, withwealth and comforts.(d) Malavya Yoga : WhenVenus is in its exaltation sign,own sign or is in Kendra toLagna and Moon, native willbe wealthy, handsome, wellbuilt body and will be happywith his family. He will havegood comforts in life.(e) Sasa Yoga : When Sat-urn is in its exaltation or ownsign and is in Kendra to

Lagna or Moon, native willhave many servants and alsohave good wealth and health.Raj Yogas and DhanYoga:� When more than threeplanets are in exaltation signor own sign and placed inKendra, this yoga is formed.� When Lord of 2nd, 9th, 5th,11th or one of these occu-pies Kendra from Lagna orMoon, this Yoga is formed.� Three or four planets hav-ing Digbala.� When Kendra lord andTrikona lord make relation-ship between them, thisYoga is formed like :(i) 9th lord is in Ist, 4th, 7th

and 10th.(ii) 5th lord in is Ist, 4th 7th

and 10th(iii) 1st lord is in 9th or 5th(iv) 4th lord is in 9th and 5th(v) 7th lord is in 9th and 5th(vi) 10th lord is in 9th and

5th(vii) Exchange of house be-

tween Kendra andTrikona.

All Raj Yoga and Dhan Yogagive name, fame, wealth, allkind of comforts and author-ity to the native.Above Yogas are few of theimportant Yogas, which, whenapplied to the horoscope,give a fair judgement of thestrength of the horoscope.

37

Secrets of Astrology Unveiled

Ques. What kind of remedyshould be adopted in whatsituation? Do all kinds of rem-edies like Mantra, Yantra etc.be performed equally for anyproblem, any time?Ans. Remedy is normally re-quired for a planet which isactive by virtue of Dasha ortransit, but is benefic andweak, or is malefic andstrong. That is, it is not eitherable to give good results toits full capacity, or is givingbad results, which have to bechecked. If that planet is sit-ting in a earthy sign in thenatal horoscope, stoneshould be suggested, if in firysign, Yajna should be per-formed, if in airy sign, Man-tras are useful and if in wa-tery sign, alms or throwingthings in water helps. Nor-

On the conclusion of the series �Learn Astrology' wehereby give answers to many frequently asked

questions on astrology, ranging from relevance ofastrology and remedies suggested therein, to the deep

rooted questions on calculations and predictions.

mally, stone wearing en-hances power of a planetand throwing items in waterreduces power of a planet �whether the planet is good orbad. So if a planet is maleficbut strong, then stone shouldbe avoided and if a planet isbenefic but weak then stoneshould be worn and its itemsshould not be thrown or givenin alms. Mantras and Yajnaincrease the benefic powerof the planet only, without cre-ating any loss. So whenevera planet is active, its MantraJap and Yajna should be per-formed for better results.Ques. Do different systemson astrology or predictivesciences give same results?Ans. There are various sys-tems of prediction like palm-istry, numerology, astrology.

In astrology too, there arevarious systems, like JaiminiParashar, Neel Kanthi etc.Every system has its ownbenefits and shortcomings.Some systems are betterthan the others. If the fact oflife is represented by astraight line then the varioussystems can be denoted byvarious graphs like A,B,C,which touch the reality of lifeonly at few points. At somepoints they are far off. How-ever, when one system is ata distance from the truth,other system touches the re-ality. This is the reason whywe believe in so many sys-tems. However, taking aver-age may not always give usbetter results, e.g. if systemA is at + 10% level of accu-racy and system B at +20%

38

level then the average is+15%, which means averag-ing has spoilt the results ofsystem A. Averaging may begood if one system is atnegative level of accuracyand other at positive level.But we never know where westand in our prediction for anyfuture event, whereas for pastwe can always take average,or apply different systems toknow why that event hap-pened.So it is suggested that oneshould adopt one systemand practice more and moreto bring it close to the line ofreality.Ques. Why does astrologysometimes fails?Ans. Unlike Physics andChemistry and like anybehavioural science, astrol-ogy is an empirical science;that is the rules are based onstatistics. They are not cor-rect for any horoscope anytime. This is true not only forastrology but for any predic-tive science. Further, therules that we are using havenot been checked for accu-racy and relevance in mod-ern times. We are using themas we found in old texts, evenwhen many correlating fac-tors have been lost during thelast 2000 years or more. Therules when tested on large

data in future will definitelygive rise to better framedrules and accuracy in astrol-ogy will be more.Ques. Which is the best pre-dictive science � astrology,palmistry, numerology or anyother and why?Ans. Compared to all otherpredictive sciences, Indiansystem of astrology is knownfor its accuracy, reliability andindepth analysis. Other sys-tems are used either in theabsence of reliable birthdata, or in the absence of itsinterpretation. Astrology isthe only system where pre-dictions can be made pre-cisely with time.Ques. Should Ayanamsa beused? Which Ayanamsashould be used?Ans. The planets move asper their Nirayana value in thesky. This can be easilychecked by matchingMoon�s movement throughvarious zodiac signs.Chaitrapaksha Ayanamsa,popularly known as LahiriAyanamsa, only has the sci-entific approval of the inter-national astronomers andthis should only be used, ir-respective of what results youget astrologically. You shouldmodify your astrological rulesto suit the astronomical com-

putations, but not vice versa.Ques. Should we rely onDasha or Gochar? If Dashais good and Gochar is badthen what will be the result?Ans. Dasha and Gochar,both are equally important indetermining the event in ahoroscope. However Gocharcan be accurately known, butDasha is very sensitive totime of birth and cannot beaccurately fixed. Secondly,there are too many kinds ofknown Dasha systems andwe do not know for surewhich Dasha should be ap-plied, when doubts onAyanamsa also takes awayits authenticity. FurtherDasha is normally dependentupon Moon degrees onlyand it ignores rest of the plan-ets. All these shortcomingsare not there in the transit sys-tem. Hence basing the pre-dictions on transits normallygive better results, unless ithas been checked that theDasha system is workingproperly on the given horo-scope.While we are studying bothDasha and Gochar, we cantake Dasha to specify theevent of transit to specify itsstrength. If both arefavourable or unfavourablethen the event occurs with fullforce. If Dasha is good and

39

transit bad or vice versa, thenthe results are not clear.Ques. Many exalted planetshave been seen in the horo-scope of a poor man anddebilitated planets in a richman's horoscope. How doesthis happen?Ans. Normally many debili-tated planets in a horoscopemake �Neech Bhang RajaYoga� and similarly many ex-alted planets give �UcchaBhang Daridra Yoga�. More-over, the native with manyexalted planets is a man ofprinciples and unfit for worldysuccess. One or two debili-tated planets help the nativeto aquire wealth by impropermeans in this Kali Yuga.Ques. It is said that Lagnacalculation is dependent onplace, whereas planet de-gree calculation is indepen-dent of it. But when we com-pute Lagna by convertingtime to IST and computeplanet degrees without con-version, we get wrong values.Why ? What is the correctmethod?Ans. It is rightly said thatLagna is dependent on placeof birth, whereas planet de-grees are independent of it,because they are computedfor the centre of the earth.Ephemeris shows planet de-

grees for a given time zonelike IST. So the time of birthmust be converted to IST touse such tables. But Lagnamust be computed for theplace of birth only, becausechanging the place, say fromLondon to Delhi, will createan error of 5 ½ hours later inU.K. Similarly other signsalso rise 5½ hours laterthere.Accuracy of the results com-puted can be verified bychecking that Sun has to bein 10th house at noon, in 1st

house in the morning, in 7th

house in the evening and in4th house at midnight. This isirrespective of the place ofbirth.Ques. How much impor-tance can be imparted toShodashvarga ?Ans. Shodashvarga systemwas propounded by oursages in such a manner thatexact position of the planetscould be ascertained withoutassigning any degree valueto it. Secondly, these Vargashave not been made like we

make today. Then we onlyassigned lordship and lord-ship signified the results ofthat planet. These Vargasshould not be taken at parwith Lagna chart and shouldnot be used in predictionslike supplement to Lagnachart, unless some Yogaspecifies the results of aplanet in a particular Varga.In practice, these Vargasconfuse a general astrolo-ger. He starts taking theplanet's exaltation or debili-tation. He also starts takingaspects and placement ofother planets with the planet,thus deviating from the basicresults.Ques. In predictions what ismore important � planet,house or sign?Ans. In Indian system planetis most important and houseis next to the planet in impor-tance. This is probably tomake things easier. In thesystem of Lal Kitab sign hasbeen dropped totally, afterconfirming the house in whicha planet is sitting. Planet in ahouse makes significance inprediction, whereas planet insign only gives knowledgeabout its strength. Thisstrength further gets modifieddue to presence/aspect ofother planets.Ques.Does one get af-fected by some one else's

Method B

Method A

Method C

Line of reality

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horoscope? If yes, thenwhat is the sanctity of thehoroscope?Ans. Like one is affected byplanets, he is affected by anyother item in his vicinity. Ev-ery body has a gravitationalpull � small or large. Effect ofplanets is visible because oftheir large mass. Stars ofmuch higher mass do nothave that much of effect be-cause of their large distance.Secondly, our power of com-putation is limited. Just thenine planets and twelve signsmake so many combinationsthat it is difficult to correlatethem with life.Horoscope having just nineplanets is not the completerepresentation of what weare. But it is able to take careof maximum of our future withminimum of complexity. Thatis why we study a horoscope.Deviations to it due to others� living or non living � can beadjusted by studying the pastand fitting that to the planet'seffects. In brief, presence ofothers does not destroy theimportance of the horo-scope.Ques. If in one accidentmany lives are taken, doesthat indicate similarity ineveryones horoscope?Ans. The horoscope of theplace or a vehicle in which

passengers are travelling,supersedes the horoscopesof the natives. Hence, in acalamity everyone's horo-scope does not necessarilyindicate death. However, thispoint needs further researchand views from the readers.Ques. We take Muhurtha forsomething. Does it changethe fate of the person?Ans. Muhurtha gives us anidea about the future of thetask that we do; for example,oath ceremony of ministrygives idea about the govern-ment; starting moment ofbusiness gives us knowl-edge about how the businesswill go etc. To have a goodfuture we select a goodMuhurtha. Knowledge isstrength and knowing the fu-ture of deeds in advance candefinitely guide our futurebetter. However, we can nottotally reverse the direction ofthe fate. So many times wefind things do not happen atthe time of best Muhurtha, orafter the event we come toknow that the computationswere wrong. This clearly in-dicates we cannot changethe destiny. Still nature hasprovided us with hands to dosomething and mind to think.We should use it optimally,but without having keen de-sire for the best ; it will occuronly if it is in fate.Ques. Can we remove the ill

effect of 7th house by doinga proper matching?Ans. Answer to this questionlies in the previous answer.We can aspire for a bettermarried life by having a bet-ter matching, but fate cannotbe overruled.Ques. Contradictory Yogasare formed in ones horo-scope. What is correct insuch a situation?Ans. Contradiction is part ofany behavioural science.Take the results either bystrength or by the number oftimes it occurs.Ques. What is the impor-tance of Chalit chart and howshould it be used?Ans. House is next to plan-ets in importance for its rolein astrology. Lagna chartshows house only approxi-mately. Actual house positionis governed only by Bhavachart or Chalit chart. HenceChalit chart cannot be ig-nored in astrology. But use itcautiously, because it shouldnot be used for determiningthe aspects, or knowing thesign in which a planet is pos-ited. If a Sun moves fromLagna to 12th house while itwas in Aries in Lagna chart,then it does not mean thatSun has shifted to Pisces. Itremains in Aries, but isplaced in 12th house.

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What is Correct -

Nirayan or Sayan? Indian or Western?

s per the western system sun entersinto Aries on 22nd March every year

whereas in Indian system Sun goes to Aries on 13/14th of April every year. What is correct? Bothcan not be correct at one time & definitely this meansa lot in astrology. A difference of 23-24 days cannot be ignored when we are talking of few minutesor seconds accuracy in giving predictions.

The followers of Sayan system strongly recommendthe usage of 22nd March as entry of Sun into Aries.We at �Future Point� have tried to go into the rootof this problem by looking at the stars physically inthe sky and arrived at a conclusion that in the sky,all planets move according to the nirayan systemonly. To understand it fully let us divide the studyinto two parts.

1. What is the situation of various planets ascomputed presently versus the stars.

2. What was the situation 2000 years ago & whatwill be the situation after 2000 years.Second condition amplifies the difference ofAyanamsa to give a more clear view about theSayan & Nirayan systems. Now we will discussboth the points in detail.

A

There has been a lot of confusion to the fact whether Sayan system is right or Nirayan.Though being a major difference, yet it has not been well understood. Here, in this article, wetry to clarify that the planets in the sky are moving according to Nirayan system, and henceonly the nirayan system should be followed in astrology. Sayan system is merely meant forknowing the earth's position with respect to Sun and thus determining the seasons but it is notmeant for knowing which planet is passing through which sign.

Table -IITransit of Moon during 1-15 May '98 at Delhi______________________________________Sign Transited Nirayan Sayan______________________________________

Date Time Date TimeCan 2/5/98 3:53 30/4/98 9:26Leo 4/5/98 13:5 2/5/98 15:19Vir 7/5/98 1:16 5/5/98 1:16Lib 9/5/98 14:13 7/5/98 13:48Sco 12/5/98 2:10 10/5/98 2:40Sag 14/5/98 12:24 12/5/98 14:18Cap 16/5/98 20:42 15/5/98 0:08

Table -IPosition of Moon during 1-15 May '98 at 10 PM at Delhi________________________________

Nirayan Sayan _____________________________________1st May Gem 26:46 Can 20:362nd Can 9:43 Leo 3:333rd Can 22:16 Leo 16:64th Leo 4:30 Leo 28:205th Leo 16:31 Vir 10:216th Leo 28:23 Vir 22:137th Vir 10:11 Lib 4:18th Vir 21:59 Lib 15:499th Lib 3:50 Lib 27:4010th Lib 15:48 Sco 9:3811th Lib 27:52 Sco 21:4212th Sco 10:06 Sag 3:5613th Sco 22:29 Sag 16:1914th Sag 5:02 Sag 28:5215th Sag 17:46 Cap 11:36

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system it should be in Taurus.This is far away from the truth.

Secondly we can clearly see themovement of Sun with respect tostars. It is moving behind byappox. 140 every 1000 years.This is exactly what the ayanamsais.

Fig B shows clearly that Sunenters into Taurus on 15 May1998. It is not towards end ofTaurus as suggested by Sayansystem.

The above explanation clearly &undoubtedly prove that Nirayansystem as followed in vedicastrology is correct and is inaccordance to the starposition in the sky.

Does it mean that westernsystem which is quite accurate asper the modern science is wrong? The answer is No.

1. Present Star PositionIt is difficult to watch the starswhile Sun is in the sky. Duringmonth of May no planet shall bevisible in the sky at night. So weare giving the position of Moonevery day when it is visible atnight during the month of May98.

As per Sayan & Nirayan systemthe longitudes of Moon duringfirst half of May '98 given in tableI.

Moon's transit into different signsfrom May 1-15th 1998 are givenin table-II.

If we look into the figures of tableI, we find that Moon attains, after2 days appox. the same degreein Nirayan system as in Sayansystem e.g. It is at Leo 160 on3rd May as per Sayan systemand on 5th Mayas per nirayan system.

The fig. A show the position ofMoon during the first half of May98, at 10 pm. in Delhi. If we lookinto the position of Moon &compare with its degrees as perSayan and Nirayan system, it isvery obvious that Moon�s actualmovement is very close to theNirayan system & it does nottally with Sayan system at all. Forexample on 5th May 98 it is atLeo-160 as per nirayan system.In the sky also, (fig A) moon is inmid of Leo sign, whereas Sayan

system gives a value of Virgo-100. The moon is visible in Virgonot before 7th May 98. Thissituation can be studied dailybetween 1-15 May as per tableI and sky map A to find the actualmovement of moon in the sky.Hence we can say that we shouldfollow only the Nirayan systemfor all astrological computations.

2. Past & Future StarPositions

To look into the past & future,we shall take help of sky mapsas computed by scientificprogrammes which are known tobe accurate by todays scientistsof the world.

Let us look at the position of Sunas per Sayan & Nirayan systemat a gap of 1000 years from 15May 0001 to 15th May 5001 at12 Noon at Delhi. The positionof Sun are given in table III.Fig. B shows clearly that Sun isin Pisces on 15th May in year5001 whereas as per the Sayan

Table-IIIPosition of Sun on 15th May at 12 hrs. at Delhi during year 1-5001_________________________________________________Year Niryana Sayan Ayanamsa_________________________________________________1 Tau 27:3 Tau 23:0 -4: 2: 251001 Tau 13:25 Tau 23:20 9: 54: 542001 Tau 0:37 Tau 24:30 23:52:143001 Ari 16:43 Tau 24:34 37:50:124001 Ari 3:39 Tau 25:27 51:47:595001 Pis 19:26 Tau 25:11 65:45:10

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Fig A : Sky Position 1st May '98 to 14th May '98 at 10 PM at Delhi

Eciliptic

44

Fig B : Sun Position on 15th May '98 12 Hrs. at Delhi during year 0001 to 50001

Eciliptic

45

Fig. C. Milky Way Galaxy from the Side

Fig. D. Position of the Sun in the Milky Way Galaxy è

Then how both the systems canbe correct at the same time & stillbe different? We know thatwestern system is basically asolar system & not based onstars. Here zero degree refers toa position with respect to the Suncoordinates or the Vernalequinoctial point i.e. theascending node of the ecliptic onthe equator. It does not have todo any thing with the Aries starwhereas in the Nirayan system,0 degree means a position in thedirection of Aries star. Actuallyzero degree of sayan systemwhich never refers to Aries starhas mistakenly been taken aszero degree of Aries. This smallanomaly has led to the confusionbetween the Sayan & theNirayan system. We should notconfuse overselves & say thatSun enters into Aries on 22ndMarch every year. We shouldrather say that Sun attains alongitude of zero degree on 22ndMarch as per Sayan system or

the Solar coordinate system.

With this clarification let us alsoclarify that astrological predictionsgiven as per the sayan systemdoes not have sound astrologicalbasis. We can not & should nottake the properties of various signssame for Sayan and Nirayansystems.

Let us understand what isayanamsa which makes all thisdifference in the two systems.Ayanamsa is basically precessionof the equinoxes. It can beunderstood better when we lookat our galaxy. We know that oursolar system is a part of galaxycalled "Milky Way" which lookslike fig. C & our solar system ismoving around the centre of themilky way as shown in fig. D. Suntakes roughly 26,000 yearsappox. to complete one circlearound the galaxy. The starsremain fixed and do not movearound. Because of the motion

of the sun, the position of starschanges by 50.3 arc secondsevery year and it takes roughly20 minutes 24 seconds more timefor earth to complete the circlearound Sun with respect to thesestars. That is why the siderealyear is 365.256363 dayscompared to solar year of365.2422 days only.To sum up we Know that Indianastrology is based on stars andany planet passing through theparticular star gives the results ofthat star or changes its behaviouracco-rding to the stars it passesthrough. Only Nirayan systemgives us computations of planetswith respect to stars; Sayansystem refers to planet positionsin solar coordinate system.Hence only Nirayan systemshould be followed forpredictions in astrology. n