lead in general industry. applicability v the regulation on lead applies to all occupational...
TRANSCRIPT
Lead in General Lead in General IndustryIndustry
ApplicabilityApplicability
The regulation on lead applies to The regulation on lead applies to all occupational exposure to lead, all occupational exposure to lead, except for the construction except for the construction industry and agricultural industry and agricultural operationsoperations
1a
ApplicabilityApplicability
DefinitionsDefinitions• LeadLead• Action levelAction level• Permissible exposure limitPermissible exposure limit
1b
Processes that use leadProcesses that use lead
Exposure to lead occurs in at least Exposure to lead occurs in at least 120 different occupations including:120 different occupations including:
Primary and secondary lead Primary and secondary lead smeltingsmelting
Lead storage battery manufacturingLead storage battery manufacturing
2a
Processes that use leadProcesses that use lead
Lead pigment manufacturing and Lead pigment manufacturing and useuse
Solder manufacturing and useSolder manufacturing and use
Shipbuilding/repairingShipbuilding/repairing
2b
Processes that use leadProcesses that use lead
Auto manufacturingAuto manufacturing
PrintingPrinting
2c
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Initial monitoringInitial monitoring• Required when lead is present in any Required when lead is present in any
quantityquantity• Monitor a representative number of Monitor a representative number of
employeesemployees• The sample must be collected for one The sample must be collected for one
full shift for at least 7 hoursfull shift for at least 7 hours
3a
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Initial monitoringInitial monitoring• Sample must be representative of a Sample must be representative of a
regular, daily exposureregular, daily exposure• Sample represents an exposure Sample represents an exposure
without the use of a respiratorwithout the use of a respirator
3b
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Positive initial determinationPositive initial determination
Negative initial determinationNegative initial determination
3c
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Frequency of exposure monitoringFrequency of exposure monitoring
Employee Employee notification notification processprocess
3d
Methods of complianceMethods of compliance
Engineering controlsEngineering controls
Work practice controlsWork practice controls
Mechanical ventilationMechanical ventilation
Administrative controlsAdministrative controls
4a
Respiratory protectionRespiratory protection
Situations requiring the use of Situations requiring the use of respiratory protectionrespiratory protection
Selection processSelection process
Proper usage of Proper usage of respiratorsrespirators
5a
Respiratory protectionRespiratory protection
Review Appendix D of 1910.1025 Review Appendix D of 1910.1025 (qualitative fit tests)(qualitative fit tests)
Respirator programRespirator program
5b
Compliance programCompliance program
Workers can examine or copy the Workers can examine or copy the written programwritten program
Written programs are Written programs are revised/updated every 6 monthsrevised/updated every 6 months
6a
Compliance programCompliance program
Written programs should include the Written programs should include the following items:following items:
Each operation from which lead is Each operation from which lead is emittedemitted
Description of the specific means Description of the specific means of reducing exposuresof reducing exposures
6b
Compliance programCompliance program
Air monitoring dataAir monitoring data
Detailed schedule of program Detailed schedule of program implementationimplementation
Work practice programsWork practice programs
6c
Compliance programCompliance program
Administration control scheduleAdministration control schedule
Other relevant informationOther relevant information
6d
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Used if the exposure, regardless of Used if the exposure, regardless of the use of respirators the use of respirators is greater than the PEL, is greater than the PEL, or if skin or eye irritation or if skin or eye irritation existsexists
7a
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Types of protective clothing to be Types of protective clothing to be used:used:• CoverallsCoveralls• Gloves, hats, shoes, Gloves, hats, shoes,
disposable shoe coverletsdisposable shoe coverlets• Face shields, vented Face shields, vented
goggles, other appropriate protective goggles, other appropriate protective equipmentequipment
7b
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Protective clothing is provided on a Protective clothing is provided on a weekly basis, or weekly basis, or daily if the exposure daily if the exposure is greater than 200 is greater than 200 micrograms/cubic meter micrograms/cubic meter of airof air
7c
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Removal of protective equipment Removal of protective equipment at the end of at the end of the shiftthe shift
Designated closed Designated closed containerscontainers
7d
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Container labeling should read:Container labeling should read:
7e
Protective clothing and Protective clothing and equipmentequipment
Never remove lead from clothing Never remove lead from clothing by blowing, shaking, or any other by blowing, shaking, or any other meansmeans
Persons who launder must be Persons who launder must be informed of the potential harmful informed of the potential harmful effects of lead exposureeffects of lead exposure
7f
Hygiene facilities and Hygiene facilities and practicespractices
No food or beverage, tobacco No food or beverage, tobacco products, or cosmetics may be products, or cosmetics may be used in areas that exceed the PELused in areas that exceed the PEL
Change rooms and separate Change rooms and separate storage facilities for protective storage facilities for protective clothingclothing
8a
Hygiene facilities and Hygiene facilities and practicespractices
Employees working in an area with Employees working in an area with an exposure level greater than the an exposure level greater than the PEL must shower at the end of the PEL must shower at the end of the work shiftwork shift
Procedures for lunchroom useProcedures for lunchroom use
Lavatory facilities useLavatory facilities use
8b
Housekeeping proceduresHousekeeping procedures
Housekeeping procedures can Housekeeping procedures can increase the amount of lead increase the amount of lead exposureexposure
Establish a program that keeps all Establish a program that keeps all surfaces clean of accumulations of surfaces clean of accumulations of lead dustlead dust
9a
Medical surveillanceMedical surveillance
Medical surveillance is required Medical surveillance is required whenever employees are exposed whenever employees are exposed above the action level for more above the action level for more than 30 days than 30 days per yearper year
10a
Medical surveillanceMedical surveillance
Medical exams and procedures are Medical exams and procedures are done by, or under the supervision done by, or under the supervision of, a licensed physician at no cost of, a licensed physician at no cost to to the employee, and at the employee, and at a reasonable place a reasonable place and timeand time
10b
Biological monitoringBiological monitoring
Sampling frequencySampling frequency
11a
Biological monitoringBiological monitoring
Employees receive written Employees receive written notification of test results within 5 notification of test results within 5 working days of employer receipt working days of employer receipt of the results when the blood lead of the results when the blood lead level exceeds either:level exceeds either:
11b
Biological monitoringBiological monitoring
40 micrograms/100 grams of 40 micrograms/100 grams of whole blood; or thewhole blood; or the
medical removal value of 60 medical removal value of 60 micrograms/per 100 grams of micrograms/per 100 grams of whole bloodwhole blood
11c
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Frequency of Frequency of examinations/consultationsexaminations/consultations
12a
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Medical examinations include:Medical examinations include:
medical historymedical history
work historywork history
thorough physical examinationthorough physical examination
12b
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
blood pressure measurementblood pressure measurement
blood sample and analysisblood sample and analysis
routine urinalysisroutine urinalysis
other tests deemed necessaryother tests deemed necessary
12c
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Employees have the right to select Employees have the right to select a second physician:a second physician:• to review findings, determination, or to review findings, determination, or
recommendations of the initial recommendations of the initial physicianphysician
• to conduct examinations, to conduct examinations, consultations, and lab work that the consultations, and lab work that the second physician deems necessarysecond physician deems necessary
12d
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Procedures for obtaining a second Procedures for obtaining a second physician's review and resolving physician's review and resolving differences in:differences in:• findingsfindings• determinationsdeterminations• recommendationsrecommendations
12e
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Findings, determinations, or Findings, determinations, or recommendations of the third recommendations of the third physician will be followed unless physician will be followed unless the employee and employer come the employee and employer come to an agreement on one of the to an agreement on one of the three physician’s three physician’s recommendationsrecommendations
12f
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Information provided to physicians Information provided to physicians upon requestupon request• a copy of the regulationa copy of the regulation• a description of employee’s dutiesa description of employee’s duties• employee exposure levelsemployee exposure levels• PPE to be usedPPE to be used• prior blood lead determinationsprior blood lead determinations• prior written medical opinionsprior written medical opinions
12g
Medical examinations and Medical examinations and consultationsconsultations
Information contained in written Information contained in written medical opinionsmedical opinions
ChelationChelation
12h
Employee medical removal Employee medical removal and return to workand return to work
Conditions that can cause Conditions that can cause temporary medical removaltemporary medical removal
Worker’s return to former job Worker’s return to former job statusstatus
Medical removal benefit protectionMedical removal benefit protection
13a
TrainingTraining
Who needs training?Who needs training?
Types of trainingTypes of training
Workers exposed to airborne lead Workers exposed to airborne lead at any level - Review Appendices A at any level - Review Appendices A and B of 29 CFR 1910.1025and B of 29 CFR 1910.1025
14a
TrainingTraining
Workers exposed to airborne lead Workers exposed to airborne lead at or above the action levelat or above the action level
Frequency of trainingFrequency of training
Training materialsTraining materials
14b
Signs and markingsSigns and markings
Text for warning signs should read Text for warning signs should read as follows:as follows:
15a
RecordkeepingRecordkeeping
Contents of exposure monitoring Contents of exposure monitoring recordsrecords
Procedures for medical Procedures for medical surveillance recordssurveillance records
16a
RecordkeepingRecordkeeping
Maintenance of medical removal Maintenance of medical removal recordsrecords
Medical records must be made Medical records must be made available to employeesavailable to employees
16b
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
All protective measures must be All protective measures must be followedfollowed
Measurement proceduresMeasurement procedures
17a
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Employees have a right to observe Employees have a right to observe monitoringmonitoring
Employees can record results or Employees can record results or receive copies of resultsreceive copies of results
17b
How lead enters the bodyHow lead enters the body
InhalationInhalation
IngestionIngestion
Generally not absorbed through Generally not absorbed through skinskin
18a
Effects of acute Effects of acute overexposureoverexposure
Large dosages can kill in a matter Large dosages can kill in a matter of daysof days
Acute encephalopathy can lead to Acute encephalopathy can lead to seizures, coma, and seizures, coma, and cardiorespiratory arrestcardiorespiratory arrest
19a
Effects of chronic Effects of chronic overexposureoverexposure
Damage to:Damage to:
Blood-forming Blood-forming systemsystem
Nervous systemNervous system
KidneysKidneys
Urinary systemUrinary system
Reproductive Reproductive systemssystems
20a
Purpose of the standard, Purpose of the standard, program, and trainingprogram, and training
Prevent adverse effects of lead Prevent adverse effects of lead exposureexposure
21a
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
Loss of appetiteLoss of appetite
Metallic tasteMetallic taste
AnxietyAnxiety
ConstipationConstipation
22a
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
NauseaNausea
PallorPallor
Excessive tirednessExcessive tiredness
WeaknessWeakness
22b
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
InsomniaInsomnia
HeadachesHeadaches
Nervous irritabilityNervous irritability
Muscle and joint pain or sorenessMuscle and joint pain or soreness
22c
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
Fine tremorsFine tremors
NumbnessNumbness
DizzinessDizziness
22d
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
HyperactivityHyperactivity
ColicColic
22e
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
PEL and action levelPEL and action level
Exposure monitoringExposure monitoring
Methods of complianceMethods of compliance
Respiratory protectionRespiratory protection
23a
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
Protective work clothing and Protective work clothing and equipmentequipment
HousekeepingHousekeeping
Hygiene facilities and practicesHygiene facilities and practices
Medical surveillanceMedical surveillance
23b
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
Medical removal protectionMedical removal protection
TrainingTraining
Warning signsWarning signs
RecordkeepingRecordkeeping
23c
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
Ways of entry into the bodyWays of entry into the body
Signs and symptoms of Signs and symptoms of overexposureoverexposure
Effects of overexposureEffects of overexposure
23d