layers of the earth. exploring the layers seismic waves – when waves change we know the layers are...
TRANSCRIPT
Layers of the Earth
Exploring the Layers
• Seismic Waves– When waves change we know the layers are different
Exploring the Layers Continued
• Drilling & Mining– Furthest Drill = 15km– Furthest Mine = 3.8km
• Future Goals– 2020 – Drill to Mantle
Earth• Composition– Different mixtures of elements
make up the layers– Broken into 3 Layers
• Physical Properties– Characteristics of the Layers– Includes: Temperature, Density
& Ability to Flow– Broken into 5 Layers
Composition & Physical Properties
• Composition– Broken into 3 Layers
• Crust• Mantle• Core
• Physical Properties– Broken into 5 Layers
• Lithosphere• Asthenosphere• Mesosphere• Inner Core• Outer Core
Composition - Crust
• Thin, Outer Layer– Layer we live on
• Made of Light Elements– Less than 1% of Earth’s Mass
• Generally 30-100 km thick• Broken into tectonic plates– 2 different types• Oceanic• Continental
Composition - Crust
• Oceanic– Under Oceans– Thinner– Denser
• Continental– Under Continents– Thicker– Less Dense
Composition - Mantle• Layer beneath the crust• Thickest layer– 64% of mass– 2,900 km thick
• Made of Iron and Magnesium• Allows the tectonic plates to move• Convection happens here
Composition - Core
• Hot & Dense– 4,000-5,000°C
• Made of Nickel and Iron• 3,480 km thick• 1/3 of the Earth’s Mass• Broken into 2 sections
• Inner Core• Outer Core
Physical Properties – Outer Core• Liquid Layer• 2,300 km Thick• Made of Iron & Nickel• Creates Earth’s Magnetic Field• Cooler than inner core
Physical Properties – Inner Core
• Solid Metal Layer• 1,200 km Thick• Iron and Nickel• Extreme Pressure