Layers of the Layers of the EarthEarth

ContinentalContinental

DriftDrift

Plate Plate

TectonicsTectonics

RockRock

DeformationsDeformations

MountainMountain

BuildingBuilding

100 100 100 100 100

200 200 200 200 200

300 300 300 300 300

400 400 400 400 400

500 500 500 500 500

Final Jeopardy

What layer represents 2/3 of Earth’s total mass?

mantlemantle

Back

$100$100

What is the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move?

AsthenosphereAsthenosphere

Back

$200$200

What is the only liquid layer of the Earth’s interior?

Outer CoreOuter Core

Back

$300$300

We know much about the interior of the Earth because we have mapped the movement of these.

seismic wavesseismic waves

Back

$400$400

Where is the thickest part of the South American plate located?

Andes MountainsAndes Mountains

Back

South AmericanSouth AmericanPlatePlate

Andes MountainsAndes Mountains

$500$500

What is the name of the scientist who first hypothesized the idea of continental drift?

Back

Alfred Wegener Alfred Wegener

$100$100

The present day continents were once joined in a large continent known as this.

Pangaea Pangaea

Back

$200$200

What is the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies?

sea-floor spreadingsea-floor spreading

Back

$300$300

The rate at which the continents move per year can be measured in what units of length?

centimeterscentimeters

Back

$400$400

When magnetic reversals occur on the ocean floor, what element is found in the rock that helps us measure the magnetic direction?

ironiron

Back

$500$500

What plate boundary is responsible for creating subduction zones?

convergent plate boundaryconvergent plate boundary

Back

$100$100

What type of plate boundary is the San Andreas fault in California where the plates slide past one another?

transform boundarytransform boundary

Back

$200$200

What is the name for the boundary where two tectonic plates are separating away from each other?

divergent boundarydivergent boundary

Back

$300$300

Where will the next ocean form, millions of years from now?

Red SeaRed Sea

Back

$400$400

Oceanic lithosphere at mid-ocean ridges slides downhill under the force of gravity because of this:

ridge pushridge push

Back

$500$500

What is the process by which the shape of rock changes because of stress?

deformationdeformation

Back

$100$100

What type of fold is in the rock layers below?

monocline foldmonocline fold

Back

$200$200

Normal faults are created because of this Normal faults are created because of this type of stress and found at these types of type of stress and found at these types of

plate boundaries. plate boundaries.

divergent boundary & tensiondivergent boundary & tension

BackBack

$300$300

What type of fault is created because of What type of fault is created because of tension at transform plate boundaries?tension at transform plate boundaries?

strike-slip faultstrike-slip fault

BackBack

$400$400

What type of fault is shown below?What type of fault is shown below?

reverse faultreverse fault

BackBack

Hanging WallHanging Wall

Foot WallFoot Wall

$500$500

What type of mountains form at What type of mountains form at convergent plate boundaries where rock convergent plate boundaries where rock

layers are slowly squeezed together?layers are slowly squeezed together?

folded mountainsfolded mountains

BackBack

Himalayas, Asia

$100$100

The Cascade Mountains in Oregon and The Cascade Mountains in Oregon and Washington state are considered what Washington state are considered what

type of mountains?type of mountains?

volcanic mountainvolcanic mountain

BackBack

$200$200

What type of mountains are formed when What type of mountains are formed when tension causes large blocks of Earth’s tension causes large blocks of Earth’s

crust to drop down relative to other crust to drop down relative to other blocks? blocks?

fault-block mountainsfault-block mountains

BackBack

Grand Tetons, WyomingGrand Tetons, Wyoming

$300$300

What can be created when a set of deep What can be created when a set of deep cracks form between two tectonic plates cracks form between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other?that are pulling away from each other?

rift zonesrift zones

BackBack

$400$400

What type of mountain are the What type of mountain are the Appalachians considered?Appalachians considered?

folded mountainsfolded mountains

BackBack

$500$500

What is the tallest mountain in the world?What is the tallest mountain in the world?

BackBack

Mauna Kea in Hawaii (33,000+ feet!)Mauna Kea in Hawaii (33,000+ feet!)