Law and Catchment Law and Catchment ManagementManagement

The International ArenaThe International Arena

International eventsInternational events Global consultation on safe water & san.Global consultation on safe water & san.

(New Delhi 2000)(New Delhi 2000) Intertn. Conference on water & Intertn. Conference on water &

environment (Dublin 1992)environment (Dublin 1992) UN Conference on Envir. And Dev. (Rio UN Conference on Envir. And Dev. (Rio

1992)1992) Rio +5Rio +5 2nd World Water Forum & ministerial conf. 2nd World Water Forum & ministerial conf.

(Hague 2000)(Hague 2000) Water for 21St Century: vision to action Water for 21St Century: vision to action

(Southern Africa 2000)(Southern Africa 2000)

International eventsInternational events

Millenium Development goals 2000 Millenium Development goals 2000 International conference on freshwater (Bonn International conference on freshwater (Bonn

2001)2001) Ministerial Conference on waterMinisterial Conference on water

(AMCOW Abuja 2002)(AMCOW Abuja 2002) Water and sustainable development (Accra Water and sustainable development (Accra

2002)2002) World Summit on Sustainable Development World Summit on Sustainable Development

(Joburg 2002)(Joburg 2002) 3rd World Water Forum (Kyoto 2003)3rd World Water Forum (Kyoto 2003)

Global cons. On safe water Global cons. On safe water & san.& san.(New Delhi 2000)(New Delhi 2000)

Provide Access to water in sufficient Provide Access to water in sufficient quantities and sanitation for allquantities and sanitation for all

PrinciplesPrinciples• protection of environment from solid and protection of environment from solid and

liquid wasteliquid waste• institutional reforms to promote integrated institutional reforms to promote integrated

approachapproach• community management of servicescommunity management of services• sound financial practicessound financial practices

Intertn. Conference on Intertn. Conference on water & environment water & environment (Dublin 1992)(Dublin 1992)

Dublin PrinciplesDublin Principles• fresh water is vulnerable and essential for fresh water is vulnerable and essential for

life and the environment life and the environment • water development and management to be water development and management to be

participator (users planners, policy makers)participator (users planners, policy makers)• woman a central to provision, management woman a central to provision, management

and safeguarding waterand safeguarding water• recognise that water has an economic recognise that water has an economic

value in all competing uses and is an value in all competing uses and is an economic goodeconomic good

UN Conference on Envir. UN Conference on Envir. And Dev.And Dev.(Rio 1992)(Rio 1992)

Dublin principle also echoed at the Dublin principle also echoed at the Earth Summit in Rio (also Earth Summit in Rio (also emphasized social good)emphasized social good)

Principle were a basis for Principle were a basis for programme of action in 7 areasprogramme of action in 7 areas• integrated water resources integrated water resources

development and managementdevelopment and management• water resources assessmentwater resources assessment

The 7 areas continueThe 7 areas continue

• protection of water resources(including protection of water resources(including water quality)water quality)

• drinking water supply and sanitationdrinking water supply and sanitation• water and sustainable urban water and sustainable urban

developmentdevelopment• water for sustainable food production water for sustainable food production

and rural developmentand rural development• the impact of climate change on water the impact of climate change on water

resourcesresources

Rio +5Rio +5

Revision of the Earth Summit Revision of the Earth Summit emphasizing onemphasizing on• strengthening of regional and strengthening of regional and

international cooperation in technology international cooperation in technology transfer and and financing of IWRM transfer and and financing of IWRM programmesprogrammes

• sustainable development of sustainable development of international water courses taking into international water courses taking into account interests of watercourse states account interests of watercourse states

2nd World Water Forum & 2nd World Water Forum & ministerial conf. (Hague ministerial conf. (Hague 2000)2000)

World Water vision was presented World Water vision was presented with the following objectiveswith the following objectives

empower people to decide on how to empower people to decide on how to use wateruse water

to get more crops and jobs per dropto get more crops and jobs per drop to manage the use so as to conserve to manage the use so as to conserve

freshwater and terrestrial ecosystemsfreshwater and terrestrial ecosystems

Five critical action to Five critical action to achieve the objectivesachieve the objectives

Involve all stakeholders in Involve all stakeholders in intergrated managementintergrated management

move to full cost recovery (pricing)move to full cost recovery (pricing) increase public finding for researchincrease public finding for research cooperate on managing cooperate on managing

international basinsinternational basins massive increase in investment in massive increase in investment in

waterwater

Water for 21St Century: Water for 21St Century: vision to action (Southern vision to action (Southern Africa 2000)Africa 2000)

• Equitable social andeconomic developmentEquitable social andeconomic development• equitable acces to water of acceptable quality equitable acces to water of acceptable quality

and quantityand quantity• proper sanitation and safe disposal of wasteproper sanitation and safe disposal of waste• food security for all householdsfood security for all households• energy security for all householdsenergy security for all households• sustainable environmentsustainable environment• security from natural disasterssecurity from natural disasters• intergrated water resources development and intergrated water resources development and

managementmanagement

International conference International conference on freshwater (Bonn 2001)on freshwater (Bonn 2001)

Themes of the Ministerial declarationThemes of the Ministerial declaration• governance- primary responsibility rests with governance- primary responsibility rests with

GVTGVT• funding gap-making more efficient use of funding gap-making more efficient use of

existing source & raising finding from all source existing source & raising finding from all source (public, private, community international)(public, private, community international)

• role of international community-official role of international community-official development assistance to reach 0.7% of GDPdevelopment assistance to reach 0.7% of GDP

• capacity building and technology transfer-capacity building and technology transfer-• gender-strengthen role of women and gender-strengthen role of women and

participationparticipation

Millenium Development Millenium Development goals 2000goals 2000

Millenium development goals includeMillenium development goals include reduce by half the proportion of people reduce by half the proportion of people

without access to safe drinking water without access to safe drinking water by 2015by 2015

reduce by half the number of people reduce by half the number of people living on less than a dollar a day by living on less than a dollar a day by 20152015

improve lives of at least 100 million improve lives of at least 100 million people living in slums by 2020people living in slums by 2020

Ministerial Conference on Ministerial Conference on waterwater(AMCOW Abuja 2002)(AMCOW Abuja 2002)

AMCOW to support measures whichAMCOW to support measures which• encourage stronger and better performing encourage stronger and better performing

institutions in the sectorinstitutions in the sector• strengthen monitoring and assessment of strengthen monitoring and assessment of

available water resorcesavailable water resorces• ensure sustainable water and sanitation ensure sustainable water and sanitation

infrastructure and services deliveryinfrastructure and services delivery• promote policies for appropriate allocation of promote policies for appropriate allocation of

water for domestic use, food security and water for domestic use, food security and competing demandscompeting demands

Water and sustainable Water and sustainable development (Accra 2002)development (Accra 2002)

Water can be used to eradicate poverty, reduce Water can be used to eradicate poverty, reduce water related diseases & achieve sustainable water related diseases & achieve sustainable development, throughdevelopment, through• improved access to portable water and sanitationimproved access to portable water and sanitation• water use for food security and income generationwater use for food security and income generation• IWRM in national and shared basinsIWRM in national and shared basins• water related disaster prevention, mitigation and water related disaster prevention, mitigation and

managementmanagement• empowerment and capacity building to improve equity empowerment and capacity building to improve equity

and gender sensitivityand gender sensitivity• Pro-poor water governance & policies and protection of Pro-poor water governance & policies and protection of

environmentenvironment

World Summit on World Summit on Sustainable Development Sustainable Development (Joburg 2002)(Joburg 2002)

Affirmed the millenium development goals Affirmed the millenium development goals and agreed to half the proportion of people and agreed to half the proportion of people without basic sanitation by 2015, throughwithout basic sanitation by 2015, through• development and implementation of efficient development and implementation of efficient

household sanitation systemshousehold sanitation systems• improved sanitation in public institutions eg improved sanitation in public institutions eg

schoolsschools• promotion of safe hygiene practicespromotion of safe hygiene practices• promotion of outreach on children as agents of promotion of outreach on children as agents of

changechange

continuecontinue

• Promotion of affordable socially and Promotion of affordable socially and culturally acceptable technologies culturally acceptable technologies and practicesand practices

• development of innovative financing development of innovative financing and partnerships mechanismand partnerships mechanism

• integration of sanitation into water integration of sanitation into water resources management strategiesresources management strategies

continuecontinue

Plan of implementationPlan of implementation develop IWRM and water use plans by 2005develop IWRM and water use plans by 2005

• a) develop and implementa) develop and implement– i) national/regional strategies, plans & programmes i) national/regional strategies, plans & programmes

with regards towith regards to– ii) integrated river basins, water shed and aquifersii) integrated river basins, water shed and aquifers– iii) put measures to reduce loses & increase iii) put measures to reduce loses & increase

recycling of waterrecycling of water– - balance with requirements for restoring or - balance with requirements for restoring or

conserving environment in fragile environmentconserving environment in fragile environment–

continuecontinue

• b) employ the full range of policy b) employ the full range of policy instruments includinginstruments including– regulation, monitoring, volutary measuresregulation, monitoring, volutary measures– market and information toolsmarket and information tools– land use management and cost recovery tools land use management and cost recovery tools

(without cost recovery being a barrier to safe (without cost recovery being a barrier to safe water by poor people)water by poor people)

– adoption of river basin approachadoption of river basin approach

• c) improve efficient use of water resourcesc) improve efficient use of water resources– - promote allocation amon competying uses - promote allocation amon competying uses

giving priority to basic human needgiving priority to basic human need

continuecontinue

• d) develop programmes to mitigate d) develop programmes to mitigate extremes eventsextremes events

• e)support the diffusion of technology and e)support the diffusion of technology and capacity building capacity building

• f) facilitate establishment of public private f) facilitate establishment of public private and other forms of partnershipsand other forms of partnerships– give priority to needs of poorgive priority to needs of poor– provide transparent national regulatory provide transparent national regulatory

frameworkframework– improve accountability of public and private improve accountability of public and private

institutionsinstitutions

3rd World Water Forum 3rd World Water Forum (Kyoto 2003) (Kyoto 2003)

Declaration noted thatDeclaration noted that• Water is a driving force for sust. Deve. Water is a driving force for sust. Deve.

and eradication of poverty &hungerand eradication of poverty &hunger– prioritizing water issues is an ergent prioritizing water issues is an ergent

global requirementglobal requirement– primary resposibility lies with each primary resposibility lies with each

countrycountry– international community plus international international community plus international

and regional organisations should support and regional organisations should support thisthis

Cont.Cont.

in managing water, good governance in managing water, good governance should be ensured focusing of should be ensured focusing of household and neighbourhood household and neighbourhood community base approaches bycommunity base approaches by

– addressing equity in sharing benefitsaddressing equity in sharing benefits– with due regard to poor and gender with due regard to poor and gender

perspective in water policiesperspective in water policies– participation of all stakeholders, transparency participation of all stakeholders, transparency

and accountability should be promoted in all and accountability should be promoted in all actionsactions

Cont.Cont.

With regard to capacity With regard to capacity building,commitment should includebuilding,commitment should include

– to fortify capacity of people and institutions to fortify capacity of people and institutions with assistance from intern. Communitywith assistance from intern. Community

– ability to measure and monitor performanceability to measure and monitor performance– to share innovative approaches, best to share innovative approaches, best

practices, information knowledge and practices, information knowledge and experience relevant to local conditionsexperience relevant to local conditions

Cont.Cont.

Ministers declared thatMinisters declared that– addressing the financial needs is a task for alladdressing the financial needs is a task for all– they should create an environment to they should create an environment to

facilitate investmentfacilitate investment– they call for prioritization of water issues and they call for prioritization of water issues and

reflect the in national development plansreflect the in national development plans– explore financing arrangements including explore financing arrangements including

including private sector participationincluding private sector participation– they will identify and develop new they will identify and develop new

mechanisms of public-private partinershipsmechanisms of public-private partinerships

Summary of the Summary of the International agendaInternational agenda

PrinciplesPrinciples New DelhiNew Delhi- “some for all” instead of “all for - “some for all” instead of “all for

some”some” DublinDublin- economic good, gender, participation IWM- economic good, gender, participation IWM Rio-Rio- added social good, affirmed IWRM added social good, affirmed IWRM Rio + 5Rio + 5- called for cooperation on international - called for cooperation on international

rivers, technology transfer, cost recoveryrivers, technology transfer, cost recovery WW VisionWW Vision- cost recovery, increase in - cost recovery, increase in

investment, role of private sector, targeted investment, role of private sector, targeted subsidiessubsidies

continuecontinue SA VisionSA Vision-right to basic services, promote -right to basic services, promote

pollutor pay but soft on cost recovery pollutor pay but soft on cost recovery Bonn declarationBonn declaration- important role of - important role of

governance, capacity building, gvt to promote governance, capacity building, gvt to promote IWRMIWRM

NepadNepad- increased private sector involvement- increased private sector involvement MD goalsMD goals-reduce poverty and improve -reduce poverty and improve

conditions in urban sums, reduce people without conditions in urban sums, reduce people without water supply by half water supply by half

WSSDWSSD-added reduce people without sanitation -added reduce people without sanitation by half by 2015by half by 2015

SADCSADC

Regional Strategic Action Plan (RSAP) Regional Strategic Action Plan (RSAP) projectsprojects• legislation, policy and strategic planninglegislation, policy and strategic planning• capacity building and trainingcapacity building and training• awareness,consultation & participationawareness,consultation & participation

• informationinformation: : – collection, analysis, management, dissemination.collection, analysis, management, dissemination.– Transboundary river management, Planning, Transboundary river management, Planning,

coordinationcoordination

• infrastructure investmentinfrastructure investment• stand alone special priority areasstand alone special priority areas