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Latin Verbs, Part I: Indicative Active

1. Present Active: “I ______”, “I am ______-ing” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -o/s/t/mus/tis/nt [N.B.: ama- + -o = amo] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -o/s/t/mus/tis/nt [N.B.: mone- + -o = moneo] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -o/s/t/mus/tis/unt [N.B: duci- + -o = duco; duci- + -unt = ducunt] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -o/s/t/mus/tis/unt [N.B: capi- + o = capio; capi- + -unt = capiunt] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -o/s/t/mus/tis/unt [N.B: senti- + o = sentio; senti- + -unt = sentiunt] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Active: “I ______-ed”, “I was ______-ing” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bam/bas/bat/bamus/batis/bant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bam/bas/bat/bamus/batis/bant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- lengthened + -bam/ bas/bat/bamus/batis/bant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -ie- replacing -e- + -bam/ bas/bat/bamus/batis/bant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -e- + -bam/bas/bat/bamus/batis/bant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

3. Future Active: “I shall ______”, “I shall be ______-ing” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bo/bis/bit/bimus/bitis/bunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bo/bis/bit/bimus/bitis/bunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem minus -e- + -am/es/et/emus/etis/ent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem minus -e- + -iam/ies/iet/iemus/ietis/ient Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -am/es/et/emus/etis/ent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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4. Perfect Active: “I have _______-ed”, “I _______-ed” All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -i/isti/it/imus/istis/erunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

5. Pluperfect Active: “I had_______-ed” All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -eram/eras/erat/eramus/eratis/erant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

6. Future Perfect Active: “I shall have _______-ed” All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -ero/eris/erit/erimus/eritis/erint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ ______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part II: Indicative Passive

1. Present Passive: “I am ______-ed”, “I am being _____-ed” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -or/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ntur [N.B.: ama- + -or = amor] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -or/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ntur [N.B.: mone- + -or = moneor] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -or/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/untur [N.B: duci- + -or = ducor; duci- + -untur = ducuntur; the 2nd person singular is duceris/ducere] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ ______________________

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3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -or/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/untur [N.B: capi- + or = capior; capi- + -untur = capiuntur] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -or/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/untur [N.B: senti- + or = sentior; senti- + -untur = sentiuntur] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Passive: “I was ______-ed”, “I was being ______-ed” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bar/baris or bare/batur/bamur/bamini/bantur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bar/baris or bare/batur/bamur/bamini/bantur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- lengthened + -bar/baris or bare/batur/bamur/bamini/bantur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd t Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -ie- replacing -e- + -bar/baris or bare/batur/bamur/bamini/bantur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -e- + -bar/baris or bare/batur/bamur/bamini/bantur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

3. Future Passive: “I shall be______-ed” 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bor/beris or bere/bitur/bimur/bimini/buntur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -bor/beris or bere/bitur/bimur/bimini/buntur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with lengthened -e- + -ar/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ntur [N.B.: duce + -ar = ducar] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem minus -e- + -iar/ieris or iere/ietur/iemur/iemini/ientur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -ar/eris or ere/etur/emur/emini/entur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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4. Perfect Passive: “I have been _______-ed”, “I was _______-ed”

All Conjugations: 4th principal part + sum/es/est/sumus/estis/sunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

5. Pluperfect Passive: “I had been _____-ed All Conjugations: 4th principal part + eram/eras/erat/eramus/eratis/erant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

6. Future Perfect Passive: “I shall have been_____-ed” All Conjugations: 4th principal part + ero/eris/erit/erimus/eritis/erunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part III: Subjunctive Active 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd–io/4th

Mnemonic Device: WE EAT CAVIAR

1. Present Active 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -a- replaced by -e- + -m/s/t/mus/tis/nt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -am/as/at/amus/atis/ant] Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -a- + -m/s/t/mus/tis/nt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -am/as/at/amus/atis/ant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -am/as /at/amus/atis/ant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Active All Conjugations: 2nd principal part + -m/s/t/mus/tis/nt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3. Perfect Active All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -erim/eris/erit/erimus/eritis/erint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Pluperfect Active

All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -issem/isses/isset/issemus/issetis/issent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part IV: Subjunctive Passive 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd–io/4th

Mnemonic Device: WE EAT CAVIAR

A. Present Passive 1st Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -a- replaced by -e- + -r/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ ntur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 2nd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -ar/aris or are/atur/amur/amini/antur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -a- +-r/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ntur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3rd Conjugation –io verbs: 2nd principal part stem with -e- replaced by -i- + -ar/aris or are/atur/amur/amini/antur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________ 4th Conjugation: 2nd principal part stem + -ar/aris or are/atur/amur/amini/antur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Passive All Conjugations: 2nd principal part + -r/ris or re/tur/mur/mini/ntur Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3. Perfect Passive All Conjugations: 4th principal part + sim/sis/sit/simus/sitis/sint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Pluperfect Passive All Conjugations: 4th principal part + essem/esses/esset/essemus/essetis/essent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part V: Indicative Active of the Active Periphrastic Conjugation

1. Present Active: “I am about to ______”

All Conjugations: future active participle + sum/es/est/sumus/estis/sunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Active: “I was about to ______” All Conjugations: future active participle + eram/eras/erat/eramus/eratis/erant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3. Future Active: “I shall be about to ______”

All Conjugations: future active participle + ero, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Perfect Active: “I have been/was about to _______” All Conjugations: future active participle + fui/fuisti/fuit/fuimus/fuistis/fuerunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

5. Pluperfect Active: “I had been about to _______” All Conjugations: future active participle + fueram/fueras/fuerat/fueramus/fueratis/fuerant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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6. Future Perfect Active: “I shall have been about to _______” All Conjugations: future active participle + fuero/fueris/fuerit/fuerimus/fueritis/fuerint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ ______________________

Latin Verbs, Part VI: Indicative Passive of the Passive Periphrastic Conjugation

1. Present Passive: “I have to be ______-ed”

All Conjugations: future passive participle + sum/es/est/sumus/estis/sunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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2. Imperfect Passive: “I had to be ______-ed” All Conjugations: future passive participle + eram/eras/erat/eramus/eratis/erant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

3. Future Passive: “I shall have to be ______-ed” All Conjugations: future passive participle + ero, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Perfect Passive: “I had to be _______-ed”

All Conjugations: future passive participle + fui/fuisti/fuit/fuimus/fuistis/fuerunt Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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5. Pluperfect Passive: “I had had to be _____-ed” All Conjugations: future passive participle + fueram/fueras/fuerat/fueramus/fueratis/fuerant Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

6. Future Perfect Passive: “I shall have had to be_____-ed” All Conjugations: future passive participle + fuero/fueris/fuerit/fuerimus/fueritis/fuerint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part VII: Subjunctive Active of the Active Periphrastic Conjugation

1. Present Active

All Conjugations: future active participle + sim/sis/sit/simus/sitis/sint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Active All Conjugations: future active participle + essem/esses/esset/essemus/essetis/essent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3. Perfect Active All Conjugations: future active participle + fuerim/fueris/fuerit/fuerimus/fueritis/fuerint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Pluperfect Active

All Conjugations: future active participle + fuissem/fuisses/fuisset/fuissemus/fuissetis/fuissent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part VIII: Subjunctive Passive of the Passive Periphrastic Conjugation

1. Present Passive

All Conjugations: future passive participle + sim/sis/sit/simus/sitis/sint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

2. Imperfect Passive All Conjugations: future passive participle + essem/esses/esset/essemus/essetis/essent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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3. Perfect Passive All Conjugations: future passive participle + fuerim/fueris/fuerit/fuerimus/fueritis/fuerint Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

4. Pluperfect Passive All Conjugations: future passive participle + fuissem/fuisses/fuisset/fuissemus/fuissetis/fuissent Singular Plural 1st _______________________ _______________________ 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd _______________________ _______________________

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Latin Verbs, Part IX: Participles

1. Present Active (“______-ing”) All Conjugations: present stem + -ns; verbs whose first principal part ends in –io will have –ie- in the present participle (e.g. capiens, capientis) Nominative __________________ Genitive __________________

2. Perfect Passive (“(having been) ______-ed”) All Conjugations: fourth principal part Nominative _________________________

3. Future Active (“(being) about to ______”) All Conjugations: fourth principal part minus -us + -urus-a-um Nominative _________________________

4. Future Passive (“(being) about to be ______-ed”)

All Conjugations: present stem + ndus-a-um; verbs whose first principal part ends in –io will have –ie- in the future passive participle (e.g. capiendus-a-um) Nominative _________________________

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Latin Verbs, Part X: Infinitives

1. Present Active (“to ______”) All Conjugations: = 2nd principal part _________________________

2. Present Passive (“to be ______-ed”)

1st, 2nd, 4th Conjugations: replace the –e of the 2nd principal part with –i _________________________ 3rd Conjugation: replace the –ere of the 2nd principal part with -i _________________________

3. Perfect Active (“to have ______-ed”) All Conjugations: 3rd principal part stem + -isse _________________________

4. Perfect Passive (“to have been ______-ed”)

All Conjugations: 4th principal part + esse _________________________

5. Future Active (“to be about to ______”)

All Conjugations: future active participle + esse _________________________

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Latin Verbs, Part XI: Present Imperative

1. Present Active (“______!”) 1st, 2nd, 4th Conjugations: singular = present stem; plural = present stem + -te Singular Plural 2nd _______________________ _______________________ 3rd Conjugation: singular = present stem; plural = present stem with –e changed to –i + te Singular Plural 2nd _______________________ _______________________

2. Present Passive (“be ______-ed!”)

All Conjugations: singular = 2nd person singular of present passive indicative in –re; plural = 2nd person plural of present passive indicative Singular Plural 2nd _______________________ _______________________