latin america’s culture

21
LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE Chapters 10-12

Upload: zoltin

Post on 24-Feb-2016

42 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE. Chapters 10-12. Geography Influences History/ migration pattern in many, many, many ways !. BERINGIA LANDBRIDGE Geographic Features influence Migration ! Some HELP……… like the “land bridge” that allowed people to migrate to the Americas from Asia. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

Chapters 10-12

Page 2: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

Geography Influences History/ migration pattern in many, many, many ways !

• BERINGIA LANDBRIDGE• Geographic Features

influence Migration !

• Some HELP………like the “land bridge” that allowed people to migrate to the Americas from Asia

Page 3: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

Spatial Diffusion = spread of disease, food, language, Etc

• With the Columbian Exchange, many, many, many new things were introduced to the “New” and “Old” World

Page 4: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

4

Objectives:

• What are the economic and cultural regions of Mexico?

• What challenges face Mexico?

Section 3 Mexico Today

Page 5: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

5

Mexico’s regions:• Greater Mexico City—cultural, economic, political center• Central Mexico—fertile farm area; second city, Guadalajara• Gulf lowlands—hot and humid; economy based on farming,

ranching, oil production• Southern Mexico—Yucatán and Chiapas highlands; Mayan

areas, subsistence farming• Northern Mexico—more prosperous; commercial agriculture,

industry centered in Monterrey

Section 3 Mexico Today

Page 6: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

6

Mexico’s challenges:

• economic inequality—few rich, many poor; promotes instability, migration

• crime—drug-related corruption and violence limit national progress

• infrastructure—social and economic advance hindered by poor water, sewer, transport

Section 3 Mexico Today

Page 7: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

7

Objectives:

• How does Central America’s history continue to shape the region today?

• What economic, political, and social conditions exist in the region?

Section 2 Central America

Page 8: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

8

Effects of history on Central America:

• tradition of wealth concentrated in few families

• continued importance of Roman Catholic Church

• Spanish language (except in former British colony of Belize)

• population mainly mixed-race mestizos and mulattoes

Section 2 Central America

Page 9: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

9

Economic, political, and social conditions:

• commercial export agriculture, with strong foreign influence• powerful families control society, government, military• widespread poverty and inequality—cause emigration,

unrest.• El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Guatemala—violence, civil war• Honduras—poorest country; rough terrain, lack of

development• Panama—variety of conditions; wilderness jungle to modern

industry• Costa Rica—greatest stability, highest standard of living.

Section 2 Central America

Page 10: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

10

Objectives:

• What are some important events in the history of the Caribbean?

• What cultural and population patterns are found in the region?

• What activities support the economies of the Caribbean countries?

Section 3 The Caribbean

Page 11: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

11

Important events in Caribbean history:

• Columbus’s arrival in 1492 began Spanish colonization.• British, Dutch, and French competed for control.• Europeans create plantations based on slave labor.• Haiti gained independence in 1804.• U.S. took Cuba and Puerto Rico from Spain in Spanish-

American War of 1898.• Many Caribbean islands remained colonies until mid-

1900s.

Section 3 The Caribbean

Page 12: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

12

Cultural and population patterns:• population—mainly Europeans and African descendants• Asian immigrants—influence in some countries (Trinidad and

Tobago)• language—based on colonial history (Spanish, English, French,

Dutch)• religion—Catholic, Protestant, African beliefs, Hinduism, Islam.• rapid population growth—produces unemployment,

emigration, urbanization.

Section 3 The Caribbean

Page 13: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

13

Economic activities:• Except for Cuba, market economies dominate the

region.• Agricultural exports are the key activity: sugar,

bananas, cacao, citrus, spices.• Mining is important in some countries.• Puerto Rico has developed industry based on U.S.

policies.• Tourism is important throughout the region.

Section 3 The Caribbean

Page 14: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

14

Objectives:

• What were some important events in the early history of South America?

• How did the colonial era and independence affect South America?

• What are some important features of South America’s cultures?

Section 2 History and Culture

Page 15: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

15

Early history:• First inhabitants arrived more than 12,000 years ago.• Various early civilizations arose, including the Chibcha of

Colombia• Inca civilization spanned much of Andean region.• Spanish conquered the Inca in the 1530s.• Spain and Portugal divided the continent: Spain in the west,

Portugal in the east.• Colonists brought new plants, animals, and diseases.• Portuguese brought slave labor to Brazil to work sugar

plantations.

Section 2 History and Culture

Page 16: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

16

Effects of the colonial era and independence:

• After independence (1810–1830), new nations were still ruled by wealthy elite.

• Countries remained isolated from each other.• Borders mirrored colonial divisions.• Life for most people changed little after

independence.• Governments often changed through violent

coups.

Section 2 History and Culture

Page 17: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

17

Cultural features:

• great ethnic variety—mixed-race, European, American Indian, African, east Indian, Japanese

• language—reflects colonization; Indian languages still spoken

• religion—majority Roman Catholic; also Hinduism, Islam, other religions

• traditional culture, despite change

Section 2 History and Culture

Page 18: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

18

Objectives:

• What is the economy of South America like today?

• What are South American cities like?• What issues and challenges face the people of

South America?

Section 3 South America Today

Page 19: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

19

Economy:

• developing or middle-income nations• agriculture—ranges from subsistence to large-

scale commercial• industry—including products for local market

and export manufactures• Mercosur—effort to expand trade and

cooperation

Section 3 South America Today

Page 20: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

20

Urban environments:

• Major cities are huge compared with other cities.

• Urban life is often hard for rural migrants.• many large slums

Section 3 South America Today

Page 21: LATIN AMERICA’S CULTURE

21

Issues and challenges:

• reducing poverty• high birthrates• environmental problems—rain forest

destruction, soil exhaustion• political disputes over borders and resources• violence and terrorism, often linked to drug

trade

Section 3 South America Today