laporan kajian pembangunan indeks persepsi integriti nasional

INSTITUT INTEGRITI MALAYSIA1

THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY PLAN OF MALAYSIAPLAN OF MALAYSIA

BY:DATUK DR. MOHD TAP SALLEH

PRESIDENTMALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF INTEGRITY

2 APRIL 2007


TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction Definition and Concept The National Integrity Plan Words of Wisdom What had been done? What next? – The strategies Conclusion


INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION


VISION 2020VISION 2020““Malaysia aims to become a fully developed Malaysia aims to become a fully developed nation in its own mould by 2020…The nation in its own mould by 2020…The transformation towards a developed nation is transformation towards a developed nation is not solely based on economic and not solely based on economic and technological progress. It also needs progress technological progress. It also needs progress in social, cultural, intellectual and spiritual in social, cultural, intellectual and spiritual fields. To achieve these, the enhancement of fields. To achieve these, the enhancement of ethics ethics and and integrityintegrity to ensure that they to ensure that they become part of the society’s culture is become part of the society’s culture is absolutely necessary.”absolutely necessary.”

(NIP, p.3)(NIP, p.3)


““During the Ninth Plan period, During the Ninth Plan period, human capital development will be human capital development will be

one of the main thrusts as envisaged one of the main thrusts as envisaged in the National Mission. Greater in the National Mission. Greater

focus will be given to holistic human focus will be given to holistic human capital development encompassing capital development encompassing knowledge and skills, progressive knowledge and skills, progressive

attitude as well as attitude as well as strong moral and strong moral and ethical valuesethical values.”.”

(Ninth Malaysia Plan, p.261)


DEFINITION AND CONCEPTDEFINITION AND CONCEPT


INTEGRITYINTEGRITY

“…quality of being honest and upright.”

“…about individual and organizational characteristics which are perfect based on noble values such as honest, truthful, trustworthy, accountable, transparent, efficient, and wise.”


INTEGRITY…INTEGRITY…

“…a quality of excellence that is manifested in a holistic and integral manner in individuals and organizations. Integrity is based on ethics and noble values and their concrete manifestation in daily lives.”

(National Integrity Plan, p.22)


INTEGRITY OF INDIVIDUALINTEGRITY OF INDIVIDUAL

“…the harmony between what an individual says and does. His or her actions are in accordance with moral and ethical principles as well as laws and regulations and do not go against public interest. They also reflect promptness, correctness and quality.”



INTEGRITY OF PUBLIC INTEGRITY OF PUBLIC OFFICIALSOFFICIALS

“…carrying out the trust and responsibilities bestowed upon them in line with public interest. They are not allowed to misuse their power for their self interest, or for the interest of their families or relatives. Should a conflict of interest occurs, public interest overrides personal interest. Holders of public office must be transparent, sincere, accountable to their superiors and subordinates, as well as to their clients.”



INTEGRITY OF ORGANISATIONINTEGRITY OF ORGANISATION

“…formulation and implementation of codes of ethics, clients’ charter, and system or work procedures, as well as compliance with best practices. The organisation’s code of ethics is constantly reiterated, internalized and upheld by members of the organization until it becomes second nature, and ultimately transforms into the culture for the organization as a whole.”



LEADERSHIP• Non exemplary leadership and

low commitment• Instructions go against

procedures & regulations• Do not walk the talk promises

STRUCTURE AND INSTITUTION• STRUCTURE -Structure not suitable and not focused -Targets not clear and unreasonable -Structure outdate and not addressing new demands and

challenges• INSTITUTION -Overlapping of scope, functions and responsibilities -Low coordination -Conflict in objectives between institutions resulting in

conflict of values and value crisis

DETERIORATION OF INTEGRITY

INDIVIDUAL• Individual

weakness- low education

and poor values- poor work ethics - greed- weaknesses• Life

Demands

SYSTEM & PROCEDUR• Low transparency• Poor systems and

procedures• Poor enforcement• Selective

enforcement• Poor monitoring• Limited resources• Outdated laws and

conflict in laws

CULTURE• Culture that does

not give importance to integrity:

-Poor reports -Could not careless

attitude -Fear of consequences -Lodging reports -Indifferent attitude -Refusal to act as

whistleblower -The ‘yes-man’ attitude

and ‘apple-polishing syndrome’


The relationship between integrity and The relationship between integrity and quality of lifequality of life

Integrity Quality of Life

Other factors


THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY PLANPLAN


Launched by:

Y.A.B. Dato’ Seri Abdullah Haji

Ahmad Badawi

Prime Minister of Malaysia

23 April 2004Putrajaya


What is NIP?What is NIP?

““The NIP is an integrity plan that will be The NIP is an integrity plan that will be a catalyst for the attainment of the a catalyst for the attainment of the objective of enhancing integrity…It objective of enhancing integrity…It reflects the hopes and aspirations of reflects the hopes and aspirations of both the leadership and the people.”both the leadership and the people.”

(NIP, p.viii-ix)(NIP, p.viii-ix)


To realise Vision 2020;To realise Vision 2020;

“…“…to establish a fully moral and to establish a fully moral and ethical society whose citizens are ethical society whose citizens are strong in religious and spiritual values strong in religious and spiritual values and imbued with the highest ethical and imbued with the highest ethical standards.” standards.”

(4(4thth Challenge of Vision 2020) Challenge of Vision 2020)

OBJECTIVE OF NIPOBJECTIVE OF NIP


TARGET 2008Effectively reduce corruption, malpractices Effectively reduce corruption, malpractices

and abuse of power;and abuse of power; Increase efficiency in the public delivery Increase efficiency in the public delivery

system and overcome bureaucratic red system and overcome bureaucratic red tape;tape;

Enhance corporate governance and busiess Enhance corporate governance and busiess ethics;ethics;

Strengthen family institutions; andStrengthen family institutions; and Improve the quality of life and societal well-Improve the quality of life and societal well-

beingbeing


Target 1: Effectively reduce corruption,Target 1: Effectively reduce corruption, malpractices and abuse of power malpractices and abuse of power

The international ranking based on the The international ranking based on the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) developed Corruption Perception Index (CPI) developed by Transparency International. The score of by Transparency International. The score of 5.2 for Malaysia in the year 2003 will be 5.2 for Malaysia in the year 2003 will be improved to at least 6.5 by 2008 ( 10 being improved to at least 6.5 by 2008 ( 10 being the best and 1.0 the worst). As well as the the best and 1.0 the worst). As well as the ranking of Malaysia improved from 37ranking of Malaysia improved from 37thth to at to at least 30least 30thth position; position;


Target 2: Improve efficiency in the public service Target 2: Improve efficiency in the public service delivery system and overcome delivery system and overcome bureaucratic red tapebureaucratic red tape

Improvement in the public perception index of service Improvement in the public perception index of service providers in the Government sector, by ensuring the providers in the Government sector, by ensuring the score falls below 2.5 (1.0 being the best and 5.0 being score falls below 2.5 (1.0 being the best and 5.0 being the worst);the worst);

The number of public complaints made to the ACA The number of public complaints made to the ACA and the Public Complaints Bureau, the auditor and the Public Complaints Bureau, the auditor General’s reports and other feedback from clients of General’s reports and other feedback from clients of government departments and agencies as well as government departments and agencies as well as other sources; andother sources; and


Target 3: Enhance corporate governance and Target 3: Enhance corporate governance and business ethicsbusiness ethics

Increase in compliance of the conditions sets by Increase in compliance of the conditions sets by Bursa MalaysiaBursa Malaysia

Reduction in cases of corporate fraud;Reduction in cases of corporate fraud;

Increase in the number of open tenders Increase in the number of open tenders undertaken in a transparent manner and undertaken in a transparent manner and reduction in the number of negotiated tendersreduction in the number of negotiated tenders


Adherence to RUKUNIAGA Malaysia by the Adherence to RUKUNIAGA Malaysia by the business sector;business sector;

Reduction in cases of violation of the Reduction in cases of violation of the Consumer Protection Act 1999; andConsumer Protection Act 1999; and

Other bench markings used by national and Other bench markings used by national and international agencies, wherever relevantinternational agencies, wherever relevant


Target 4: Strengthen the family institutionTarget 4: Strengthen the family institution

Reduction in divorce ratesReduction in divorce ratesReduction in family conflicts arising from Reduction in family conflicts arising from

disputes over inheritance and child custody disputes over inheritance and child custody rightsrights

Reduction in domestic violenceReduction in domestic violenceReduction in cases of child abuse and neglect;Reduction in cases of child abuse and neglect; Increase in assistance given to single parent Increase in assistance given to single parent

families; andfamilies; andReduction in neglect of the elderly Reduction in neglect of the elderly


Target 5: Improve the quality of life and Target 5: Improve the quality of life and people’s well beingpeople’s well being

Reduction in the incidence of crimes in the society, Reduction in the incidence of crimes in the society, especially serious crimes, crimes against property especially serious crimes, crimes against property and sexual crimes. Such reduction is measure of and sexual crimes. Such reduction is measure of safety in the communitysafety in the community

Reduction in social problems such as drug addiction, Reduction in social problems such as drug addiction, illicit sexual relations that result in the spread of HIV illicit sexual relations that result in the spread of HIV and AIDS, as well as the incidence of couples staying and AIDS, as well as the incidence of couples staying together outside of wedlock. The reduction of these together outside of wedlock. The reduction of these problems reflects a healthy and moral way of life;problems reflects a healthy and moral way of life;


Reduction in road accidents. Such reduction reflects better Reduction in road accidents. Such reduction reflects better driving ethics and improvement in the enforcement of traffic driving ethics and improvement in the enforcement of traffic laws and regulations;laws and regulations;

Reduction in the incidence of misconduct or delinquency Reduction in the incidence of misconduct or delinquency among students. This reflects effectiveness of civics among students. This reflects effectiveness of civics education as well as enforcement of discipline among education as well as enforcement of discipline among students; andstudents; and

Reduction in environmental degradation. Such reduction Reduction in environmental degradation. Such reduction reflects improvement in public awareness for sustainable reflects improvement in public awareness for sustainable developmentdevelopment


WORDS OF WISDOMWORDS OF WISDOM


ISLAMISLAM

““And do not eat up your property And do not eat up your property among yourselves for vanities, nor use among yourselves for vanities, nor use it as bait for judges, with intent that it as bait for judges, with intent that you may eat up wrongfully and you may eat up wrongfully and knowingly a little of (other) people’s knowingly a little of (other) people’s property.”property.”

(Al-Qur’an,Chapter 2: Verse 188) (Al-Qur’an,Chapter 2: Verse 188)


CHRISTIANITYCHRISTIANITY

““You must not distort justice, you must You must not distort justice, you must not show partiality and you must not not show partiality and you must not accept bribes for a bribe blinds the accept bribes for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and subverts the eyes of the wise and subverts the cause of those who are in the right.”cause of those who are in the right.”

(The Bible) (The Bible)


CONFUCIANISMCONFUCIANISM

““Wealth gained by unrighteousness will Wealth gained by unrighteousness will not last.”not last.”

(Confucius) (Confucius)


TAOISMTAOISM

““To accumulate wealth and treasures in To accumulate wealth and treasures in excess is equivalent to robbery and excess is equivalent to robbery and crime.”crime.”

(Laotze) (Laotze)


MAHATMA GHANDIMAHATMA GHANDI

““Politics without (ethical) principles, Politics without (ethical) principles, business without morality, and wealth business without morality, and wealth without work are social sins of without work are social sins of humankind.”humankind.”

(Mahatma Ghandi) (Mahatma Ghandi)


WHAT HAD BEEN DONE?WHAT HAD BEEN DONE?


Efforts By The GovernmentEfforts By The Government The Special Cabinet Committee on the The Special Cabinet Committee on the

Government Management Integrity;Government Management Integrity;

Formulation of the National Integrity Formulation of the National Integrity Plan; andPlan; and

The establishment of the Malaysian The establishment of the Malaysian Institute of IntegrityInstitute of Integrity


Efforts By IIMEfforts By IIM

1. Trainings:1. Trainings: As content providers;As content providers; Seminar/Forum/Convention; Seminar/Forum/Convention; Training of Trainers; andTraining of Trainers; and Course on “Integrity Enhancement”.Course on “Integrity Enhancement”.



2.2. Research:Research: A Study On The Effects Of A Study On The Effects Of

Indebtedness On The Propensity Of Indebtedness On The Propensity Of Bribe Acceptance Among Selected Bribe Acceptance Among Selected Public Sector Agencies;Public Sector Agencies;

The National Perception Index On The National Perception Index On Integrity. Integrity.



2.2. Research (Cont…):Research (Cont…): A Study On The Effectiveness Of The A Study On The Effectiveness Of The

Implementation Of The National Implementation Of The National Integrity Plan; andIntegrity Plan; and

A Study On The Stakeholders’ A Study On The Stakeholders’ Perception On Government Perception On Government Procurement. Procurement.



3.3. Engagements with the Public Sector:Engagements with the Public Sector: Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM);Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM); Road Transport Department (JPJ); Road Transport Department (JPJ); Local Authorities; and Local Authorities; and Royal Customs DepartmentRoyal Customs Department



4. Engagements with the Private Sector:4. Engagements with the Private Sector: College and university students;College and university students; Young professionals;Young professionals; Chambers of Commerce;Chambers of Commerce; Regulatory bodies; andRegulatory bodies; and EntrepreneursEntrepreneurs



5. Engagements with the Political Sector:5. Engagements with the Political Sector: Parliament Select Committee On Parliament Select Committee On

Integrity;Integrity; Political parties; andPolitical parties; and State Assembly Select Committee On State Assembly Select Committee On

IntegrityIntegrity


Efforts By IIMEfforts By IIM6. Engagements with the Sociocultural Sector:6. Engagements with the Sociocultural Sector:

Students;Students; Non-Governmental organisations (NGOs);Non-Governmental organisations (NGOs); Religious institutions;Religious institutions; Heads of villages; and Heads of villages; and Village Development and Security Village Development and Security

Committees.Committees.



7.7. Establishment of the State Institute Establishment of the State Institute of Integrity (IIN):of Integrity (IIN): Launched by The Hon. Prime Minister Launched by The Hon. Prime Minister

on 7 November 2006;on 7 November 2006; Normally under the auspices of the Normally under the auspices of the

state governments.state governments.


WHAT NEXT? – THE WHAT NEXT? – THE STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES


Adopt the National Integrity PlanAdopt the National Integrity Plan

• Strengthen the effectiveness of good governance;

Enhance the practice of good governance;

Formulate the Code of Ethics;

Enhance the effectiveness of the Management Integrity Committee.


Adopt the National Integrity Plan Adopt the National Integrity Plan (…cont)(…cont)

• Enhance the effectiveness of the delivery system; Ensure transparency, rationality, openness, and

fairness in the procedures for procurements, supplies, services and contracts;

Upgrade the expertise, skills and professionalism of employees through training, re-training and advanced training.



• Conduct awareness campaigns to wipe out corruption, malpractices and abuse of power; Set up and/or strengthen the internal complaints

mechanism, as well as mechanism for public complaints;

Formulate the policy statement of the organisation or institution with regards to the integrity enhancement efforts.



• Strengthen the administration of justice; Establish a witness protection programme as well

as the protection programme for whistle blowers;

Ensure that laws and regulations are reviewed from time to time.

Undertake appropriate punitive measures against individuals in corruption, malpractices and abuse of power.



• Strengthen human resource management; Review the provision of facilities in order to

create a better working environment;

Introduce a more effective, rational and fairer evaluation system to evaluate performance of employees.

Conduct a series of activities on a sustained basis with a view to promote a high spirit of loyalty, esprit de corp and teamwork.


Adopt Holistic Human Capital Adopt Holistic Human Capital DevelopmentDevelopment

High performance culture;

Progressive outlook, strong moral and ethics; and

Programmes to internalise moral and ethical values


CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

A nation of high integrity will ensure a high quality of life, hence a better

place to live in.


Thank You

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