Language & Language & ReligionReligion

Impacted by Impacted by EnglandEngland

The Impact of English The Impact of English colonization on the language colonization on the language

and religion of and religion of

AustraliaAustralia

SS6G14SS6G14

•The student will describe The student will describe the cultural characteristics the cultural characteristics of people who live in of people who live in AustraliaAustralia

• A. Explain the impact of English A. Explain the impact of English colonization on the language and colonization on the language and religion of Australiareligion of Australia

Language of AustraliaLanguage of Australia

• The story of Australia’s official The story of Australia’s official language is a result of British language is a result of British colonization and expansion.colonization and expansion.

• Australia was the final continent Australia was the final continent discovered by the Europeans.discovered by the Europeans.

• Native Aborigines had inhabited the Native Aborigines had inhabited the continent for centuries, however. continent for centuries, however.

• Dutch explorers had discovered and Dutch explorers had discovered and mapped parts of Australia but did not mapped parts of Australia but did not send colonists to the continent.send colonists to the continent.

• Aborigines with boomerang & a Aborigines with boomerang & a didgeridoodidgeridoo

Aborigines hunting in Aborigines hunting in outback swampoutback swamp

• Captain James Cook left England in Captain James Cook left England in 1768 to explore the South Seas.1768 to explore the South Seas.

• Cook explored and mapped parts of Cook explored and mapped parts of eastern Australia.eastern Australia.

• He claimed the land for England and He claimed the land for England and named it New South Wales.named it New South Wales.

• England did not immediately England did not immediately colonize Australia.colonize Australia.

• In 1788, England sent a crew to Australia In 1788, England sent a crew to Australia to begin building prisons to house to begin building prisons to house convicts.convicts.

• Earlier, England had shipped prisoners to Earlier, England had shipped prisoners to the American colony. (Georgia)the American colony. (Georgia)

• However, this was not a choice after the However, this was not a choice after the American Revolution.American Revolution.

• In 1788 to 1823, the colony of New South In 1788 to 1823, the colony of New South Wales was a penal (prison) colony Wales was a penal (prison) colony housing mainly convicts, marines, and housing mainly convicts, marines, and wives of marines.wives of marines.

• In 1823, the British government In 1823, the British government established Australia’s first parliament.established Australia’s first parliament.

• Parliament established criminal and Parliament established criminal and civil courts.civil courts.

• By 1868, more than 170,000 convicts By 1868, more than 170,000 convicts had arrived in Australia from England.had arrived in Australia from England.

• The language of the prisoners, the The language of the prisoners, the guards, the courts, and businesses was guards, the courts, and businesses was English.English.

• The French government became The French government became interested in Australia’s west. To keep interested in Australia’s west. To keep the French out, English settlers built the French out, English settlers built new villages and cities as fast as new villages and cities as fast as possible.possible.

• This spread the English language to This spread the English language to the western part of Australia.the western part of Australia.

• More British immigrants entered More British immigrants entered Australia during the mid-19Australia during the mid-19thth century. century.

• Gold in southern Australia attracted Gold in southern Australia attracted thousands from England and thousands from England and Ireland.Ireland.

• Thousands of Chinese immigrants Thousands of Chinese immigrants arrived as well.arrived as well.

• Chinese did not become an Chinese did not become an important language; the English important language; the English speakers were too plentiful.speakers were too plentiful.

• When Australia gained independence from When Australia gained independence from Great Britain, the government wanted to Great Britain, the government wanted to make sure the country did not get too make sure the country did not get too many immigrants.many immigrants.

• It allowed people from England or the It allowed people from England or the United States to move to the country.United States to move to the country.

• The government made rules to stop The government made rules to stop immigrants from Africa and Asia.immigrants from Africa and Asia.

• This encouraged even more English This encouraged even more English speakers to come to Australia.speakers to come to Australia.

• Today, more than 20% of Australians Today, more than 20% of Australians were born in another country. Over ½ were born in another country. Over ½ came to Australia form non-English came to Australia form non-English speaking countries in Europe, Asia, speaking countries in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and South America.the Middle East, and South America.

• Because of Australia’s history, Because of Australia’s history, though, English is the official though, English is the official language, and it is the most common language, and it is the most common language for people and business.language for people and business.

Religion in AustraliaReligion in Australia

• Europeans introduced Christianity to Europeans introduced Christianity to Australia in 1788.Australia in 1788.

• Irish convicts were mostly Roman Irish convicts were mostly Roman Catholic.Catholic.

• Other convicts and those who managed Other convicts and those who managed them were Anglicans and Methodists.them were Anglicans and Methodists.

• During the 1800s, Europeans settlers During the 1800s, Europeans settlers brought their traditional churches to brought their traditional churches to Australia.Australia.

• Faiths included the Church of England Faiths included the Church of England (now the Anglican Church), Methodist, (now the Anglican Church), Methodist, Catholic, Presbyterian, Catholic, Presbyterian, Congregationalist, and Baptist.Congregationalist, and Baptist.

• Today, most Australians are Christians. Today, most Australians are Christians. The Roman Catholic Church and the The Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Church claim the most Anglican Church claim the most members.members.

• Muslims, Buddhists, Jews, and Hindus Muslims, Buddhists, Jews, and Hindus combined make up less than 5% of the combined make up less than 5% of the population.population.

Quiz YourselfQuiz Yourself

1.1. What religion did most of the What religion did most of the Australia’s Irish prisoners practice?Australia’s Irish prisoners practice?

a. Baptista. Baptist

b. Anglicanb. Anglican

c. Presbyterianc. Presbyterian

d. Roman Catholicd. Roman Catholic

2. Why did the Australian government 2. Why did the Australian government restrict immigration after it became restrict immigration after it became independent from Great Britain in 1901?independent from Great Britain in 1901?

a. The ports were blockadeda. The ports were blockaded

b. It felt the country had enough citizensb. It felt the country had enough citizens

c. There wasn’t enough housing for c. There wasn’t enough housing for immigrantsimmigrants

d. It only wanted immigrants that were d. It only wanted immigrants that were of European ancestry.of European ancestry.

3. What did English Captain James 3. What did English Captain James Cook name the first colony of Cook name the first colony of Australia?Australia?

a. New Britaina. New Britain

b. New South Walesb. New South Wales

c. New Tasmaniac. New Tasmania

d. South Forkd. South Fork

4. What language did the first 4. What language did the first European settlers speak in European settlers speak in Australia?Australia?

a. Aboriginala. Aboriginal

b. Dutchb. Dutch

c. Englishc. English

d. Frenchd. French