Step up to Saxion.

Language & Hospitality Leanne Schreurs

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A coincidence

Forms of address in works of Tomás Carrasquilla (Colombia, 1858-1940):

• La Marquesa de Yolombó (1928)

• Hace tiempos (1935-1936)

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Overview

• Background of the PhD Project

• Research questions and methodology

• A sociolinguistic model of hospitality

• Discussion

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Background of the PhD project

• PhD project proposal “Hospitality and language. Linguistic expressions of hospitality in Spanish and English.”

• Hospitality Business School, Saxion University of Applied Sciences & University of Groningen (The Netherlands).

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Background of the PhD project

• What is hospitality?

• A sociolinguistic perspective

• How are linguistic expressions related to the experience of hospitality?

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Linguistic expressions

• forms / terms of address

• particles / intervals / turns

• prosodic aspects

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Problem definition

• Corporate social responsibility

– Ecological sustainability - social sustainability

– Social sustainability: communication

– Sociolinguistic approach of hospitality underexposed

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Problem definition

• Modern foreign language education

– Priority given to grammar and vocabulary

– Influence of context on meaning of words

– Example: Sevilla Muñoz, J. & Sevilla Muñoz, M. (2005). La equivalencia semántica y pragmática de las fórmulas de cortesía.

– Communicative strategies of hospitality in

Spanish - English

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Objectives

– to give meaning to the concept of hospitality from a linguistic point of view;

– to provide insight into the relationship between language and the experience of hospitality;

– to contribute to modern foreign language education;

– to contribute to the experience of hospitality within the hospitality industry.

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Research question 1

1. How is hospitality expressed in linguistic expressions?

a. How does this work in Spanish?

b. How does this work in English?

c. What are the similarities and differences between these two languages?

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Methodology research question 1

• Text analysis (quantitative);

• Spanish and English online literature database – Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual

– British National Corpus;

• Written theater performances, 1980-1990.

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Research question 2

2. How do linguistic expressions influence the experience of hospitality?

a. How does this work in Spanish?

b. How does this work in English?

c. What are the similarities and differences between these two languages?

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Methodology research question 2

• Experiments to test causality between linguistic expressions and experience of hospitality;

• Questionnaire to measure experienced hospitality of the subjects in the different conditions;

• Typology research comparing Spanish and English to provide for overview of linguistic expressions of hospitality.

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Research question 3

3. What is the most appropriate method to pass on knowledge of the PhD research to modern foreign language education and the hospitality industry?

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Methodology research question 3

• Didactic analysis of methods of passing on intercultural understanding

– literature review in the field of didactics of Spanish and English;

– further development of methodology with help of expert in the field of educational design.

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Theoretical background

Receiver Speaker

Social relationship

P D R

S

Linguistic expressions

P D R

S

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Influencing factors

• Power (Brown & Gilman, 1960)

• Distance (Brown & Levinson, 1987)

• Respect (Schreurs & De Jonge, in prep)

• Solidarity (Brown & Gilman, 1960)

Step up to Saxion. A sociolinguistic model of hospitality

Hospitality

Receiver

Optimal grade of politeness

Speaker

Social relationship

P D R

S

Linguistic expressions

P D R

S

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Discussion

Implications for modern foreign language education:

• Sociolinguistic approach of hospitality as opportunity for education of hospitality professionals;

• Increasing role of diversity (Hooghe, Trappers, Meuleman & Reeskens, 2008);

• Hospitality educators have to teach students linguistic and cultural skills and knowledge.

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Discussion

Best method of passing on intercultural understanding in modern foreign language education?

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Literature

• Politeness: Brown & Levinson (1987); Watts (2003).

• Power and Solidarity: Brown & Gilman (1960).

• Sociolinguistic variation and change: Trudgill (2002); Labov (1994-2010); Tobin (1990).

• Communication and human behavior: Diver (1974, 1995); Diver, Huffman & Davis (2012).

• Speaker intentions: Grice (1975, 1989); Leech (1983); Haverkate (1984).