language acquisition myths & realities
TRANSCRIPT
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LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION :
MYTHS ANDREALITIES
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In the name of Allah,Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
The Most Gracious (Allah)
He has taught (you mankind)
the Quran (by His mercy).He created man.
He taught him eloquent speech.
(Surah Rehman)
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INTRODUCTION
WE LIVE IN THE WORLDOF WORDS!
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AIM
which can ultimately guide us to abetter learning of a second
language (in our case, English).
To define language and itscharacteristics
and to disprove certainexisting mythsin order to
highlight realities
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Col Akhtar A. Khalili,M.A. (English Literature), M.A. (English Linguistics),
M.A. (Educational Administration & Management) CLPE : TESL (Ednbg)
M.Phil. (English Literature & Linguistics), M.Phil. (Education) GOLD MEDALIST
Ph.D.Scholar (English Literature & Linguistics)
Commandant, Garrison Human Resource
Development Center of HQ 5 Corps
Visiting FacultyAssociate Professor atDepartment of English, University of Karachi &
Faculty of Management Sciences, Iqra University.
Contributor to second language education and
bilingual education researcher
Please feel free to give your feed-back
suggestions/comments at:
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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Warm-up Activity
Please write a definition of Language.
Discuss your written expression/opinion withthe individual sitting next to you and share
your common finding with others.
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S E Q U E N C E
DEFINING LANGUAGE & ITSCHARACTERISTICS
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LANGUAGEACQUISITION & LANGUAGE
LEARNINGMYTHS AND REALITIES ABOUT
LANGUAGE LEARNING
SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
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DEFINITION
LANGUAGE, A SYSTEM OFCONVENTIONAL, SPOKEN OR
WRITTEN SYMBOLS, BY MEANS OF
WHICH HUMAN BEINGS, AS MEMBERSOF A SOCIAL GROUP AND
PARTICIPANTS IN ITS CULTURE,
COMMUNICATE. LANGUAGE SODEFINED IS THE PECULIAR
POSSESSION OF HUMAN BEINGS.
THE NEW ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA
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LANGUAGE CAN BE DEFINED AS:
THE FACULTY AND ABILITYPOSSESSED BY NORMAL HUMANBEINGS AND BY NO OTHER SPECIES
A SYSTEM OF CONVENTIONAL,SPOKEN OR WRITTEN SYMBOLS
PRIMARY PURPOSE OF LANGUAGE ISCOMMUNICATION AMONG PERSONS
WE CAN USE SPOKEN OR WRITTENUTTERANCE TO EXPRESS MENTALPHENOMENA OR EVENTS
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CH R CTERISTICS
OF
L NGU GE
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
USE OF VOCAL-AUDITORYCHANNEL
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
EFFECT ON BEHAVIOUR
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTIC& ARBITRARINESS OF LANGUAGE
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
IMAGINING, FANTASIZING,FICTIONISING, LYING, ETC.
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
LEARNING OF LANGUAGE
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
GRAMMAR RULES
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS &ORGANIZATION
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
SYSTEMS OFCONTRASTS
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
OPERATES IN TIME
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CH R CTERISTICS OF L NGU GE
EVANESCENT IN TIME
V
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Language Acquisition Vs
Language Learning
Language Acquisition Vs
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Language Acquisition Vs
Language Learning
LANGUAGEACQUISITION
1.Similar to ChildMother Tongue
2. Native Language
3. No Formal Class-room Teaching is
Required
LANGUAGELEARNING
1. Second Language/Foreign Language
2. Non-Native
Language3. Formal Classroom
Teaching is
Required
Language Acquisition Vs
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Language Acquisition Vs
Language Learning
LANGUAGEACQUISITION
4. Formal Teachingdoes not Help
5. Natural
6. Picking UpLanguage
7. Subconscious
LANGUAGELEARNING
4. Formal Teachingdoes Help
5. Artificial
6. Knowing AboutLanguage
7. Conscious
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Another Activity
How do children learn Language(s)Is
there some particular pattern in this
process?
Discuss your opinion with the individual
sitting next to you and share your common
finding with others.
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ASPECTS OF CHILD LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION
Children do not learn a language bystoring all the words and sentences.
Children learn to construct sentences,most of which they have never producedbefore.
Children learn to understand sentencesthey have never heard before.
Children must therefore learn rulesthat
permit them to use language creatively.
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Language Acquisition
Myths Realities
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WE MUST READDAWN OR
SOME OTHER ENGLISH
NEWSPAPERDAILY
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The best way to learn a foreign
language is to go to a foreign country
WE MUST LISTEN TO BBC
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WE MUST LISTEN TO BBC
AND SOME OTHER
NATIVE SPEAKER A LOT
WE SHOULD WATCH GOOD
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WE SHOULD WATCH GOOD
ENGLISH MOVIES/TV
PROGRAMMES
I WILL SUGGEST YOU A
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I WILL SUGGEST YOU A
GREAT BOOK. WE
MUST READ THAT.
IF WE BUY A GOOD AUDIO
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IF WE BUY A GOOD AUDIO-
VISUAL/INTER ACTIVE
COMPUTER PACKAGE, IT WILLCERTAINLY HELP US.
WHY DONT YOU GET YOUR
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WHY DON T YOU GET YOUR
SON ADMITTED IN A GOOD
ENGLISH MEDIUM SCHOOL?
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Another Activity
There are pre-dominantly four LanguageSkills.. Can you name them?
Discuss with the individual sitting next to you
which one is the easiest and which one is mostdifficult.. Also discuss what is the proportionof utilization of the particular language skill in
individuals life.Share your opinion with others.
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DIMENSIONS OF LANGUAGE
LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSPOKEN LANGUAGE
READING COMPREHENSION
WRITTEN LANGUAGE
YOU MUST MAKE HIM
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YOU MUST MAKE HIM
LEARN AT LEAST 10
WORDS EVERY DAY.
PLEASE SEE THAT HE
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PLEASE SEE THAT HE
PRONOUCES EVERY WORD
CORRECTLY..
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A RESEARCH WORK YOU
MUST READ!
MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONSABOUT SECOND LANGUAGELEARNING: WHAT EVERY
TEACHER NEEDS TO UNLEARNby
BARRY MCLAUGHLIN
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,SANTA CRUZ
1999-2004
www.ncela.gwu.edu
NATIONAL CENTER
FOR RESEARCH ON
CULTURAL
DIVERSITY AND
SECOND LANGUAGE
LEARNING
http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/miscpubs/ncrcdsll/index.htmhttp://www.ncela.gwu.edu/miscpubs/ncrcdsll/index.htm -
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Another Activity
Language Learning/Acquisition & SwimmingDo you find any link/similarities between thesetwo.. Please discuss your understanding with
the individual sitting next to you and share yourcombined opinion with others.
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Language Learning is like
learning how to swim
THINK IN THE TARGET LANGUAGE
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THINK IN THE TARGET LANGUAGE
AND AT TIMES THINK LOUDLY
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Some suggestions and
recommendations
Ask yourself weekly: What do
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Ask yourself weekly: What doI want to learn this week?
Focus only on the currentunit, grammar exercise, etc.
Set a goal for yourself every
week - notice the progress -become more inspired
Quickly review important
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Quickly review importantnew information shortly
before going to bed.
Brains process freshinformation while we sleep -
Shortly before sleepingevery day, just have a
glanceDont revise
While doing exercises alone
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While doing exercises aloneat home or in your dorm/
room, speak English aloud.
Practice the act of speaking oftenConnect your brain to your facial
muscles; improve pronunciationMake your knowledge active
Give half an hour of your study
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Give half an hour of your studytime, at least four times a week,
to exclusive study of English.
Start off slowly and devote
some timeDevelop the habit of working
towards improvement ofyour English on a regular
basis Look for situations in which
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Look for situations in whichyou must speak / read /
listen to English
Use English in real worldsituation
Put English knowledge intopractice in real situations
Talk to your mates in English at
least for some time on matters of
daily routine lifenothing
s ecial Study a Balance of the 4 Key Skills
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Study a Balance of the 4 Key Skills(Listening, Speaking, Reading,
Writing)
Language Skill Time of an average
communicator
Listening Comprehension 40%
Spoken Language 35%
Reading Comprehension 16%
Written Language 09%Study a balanceof the four major skills.
Being very good at only oneof these
skills will not help you to communicate.
I i h ll th j d h i
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I wish you all the joy and happiness
that you can wish !