landscape and restoration ecology

7/30/2019 Landscape and Restoration Ecology

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Landscape and

Restoration EcologyChapter 5

APES


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Putting it all together


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Nature in Balance


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Human Disturbance

We are changing natural habitats whichthreatens biodiversity

We are consuming vast amounts of theresources on the planet

We are upsetting the natural balance ofprimary productivity


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So what does that all really mean?


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Page 112 Figure 3.8

Examine the domesticated vs.undomesticated land

Why/How is the label for this figuremisleading?

Are there any biomes that have beenspared? Why?


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Which biome has taken the biggesthit??


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The lucky winner is..

The temperate forests!


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US ECOSYSTEMS

Ecosystem link

Monday: first hour: TRAPPER!
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fs.fed.us/land/ecosysmgmt/colorimagemap/ecoreg1_provinces.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.fs.fed.us/colorimagemap/ecoreg1_provinces.html&h=573&w=891&sz=30&hl=en&start=12&tbnid=71r8SWL7tN_GNM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=146&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTEMPERATE%2BFOREST%2B%2BNORTH%2BAMERICA%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DCNDB,CNDB:2004-30,CNDB:en%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fs.fed.us/land/ecosysmgmt/colorimagemap/ecoreg1_provinces.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.fs.fed.us/colorimagemap/ecoreg1_provinces.html&h=573&w=891&sz=30&hl=en&start=12&tbnid=71r8SWL7tN_GNM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=146&prev=/images%3Fq%3DTEMPERATE%2BFOREST%2B%2BNORTH%2BAMERICA%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DCNDB,CNDB:2004-30,CNDB:en%26sa%3DN


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WHY?

The soils support our agriculture.

The trees and climate are ideal fo humanoccupation.

You may think the tropics are the best forhumans.but heat brings..


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Other heavily impacted biomes:

Tropical dry forests

Grasslands

Temperate rainforests Islands

Cultivation in these areas leads tosoil loss/erosion! Then biodiversity drops


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Who gets left alone?

Tundra and the arctic

Why?

Its cold

Theres poor soil


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How about the Aquatic BIOMES?

Wetlands:

of Americaswetlands havebeen drained,filled orotherwise

polluted in thelast 250 years.


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Why drain a wetland?

Wetlands Paper: US HISTORY

Spotlight: Horicon marsh
http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/history.htmlhttp://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/history.html


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Landscape Ecology

The study

Of the reciprocal effects

Of spatial patternOn ecological processes.


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Important aspects of LandscapeEcology

Landscape ecology considers the impact ofhumans

Traditional ecology kind of ignores them

Patches

Heterogeneity

Time and space


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Patches

Traditionally we look and say: a rainforest!

The Landscape ecologist sees a mosaic ofpatches with distinct soils, topography,climate, and site history.

Those patches are going throughsuccession, folks!


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Landscape Dynamics

A sense of place

How does the land change over time?

EGDE habitat is critical. WHY?

Edges can impair and facilitate themovement of nutrients.


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Edge habitat

Image of Fort Atkinson

Another image

Yet another image
http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=fort+atkinson+high+school&sll=42.922902,-88.846689&sspn=0.099556,0.201187&ie=UTF8&t=k&om=0&z=13&ll=42.927771,-88.855534&spn=0.049774,0.100594


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EDGE

What happens between patches may bemore important then the patchesthemselves.


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FOCUS


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Complex

This type of

Interaction

Requires high mathTo wade thru

The chaos.


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Restoration Ecology

Repairing or restoring ecosystems

DamagedBy humans or mother nature


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Some terms to know:

Restoration

RehabilitationRemediation

Reclamation

Re-creation


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Restoration

To return something to its former condition.


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Rehabilitation

Attempts to rebuild or reestablish elementsof a structure or function in an ecologicalecosystem without necessarily achieving

complete restoration.


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RemediationThe process of

removingchemicalcontaminatesfrom a pollutedarea bybiological orphysicalmethods as afirst step

towardsprotectinghumanecosystemhealth.


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Reclamation

Chemical or physical manipulations carriedout in severely degraded sites such asopen pit mines or large-scale construction.


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Re-creation

Attempts to construct a new biologicalcommunity on a site that is so severalydisturbed that there is virtually nothing

left to restore. Lake Erie site
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/images/lake-erie041505c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/s2427.htm&h=228&w=300&sz=19&hl=en&start=10&tbnid=TTHQtAaoT8bX6M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlake%2Berie%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DCNDB,CNDB:2004-30,CNDB:en%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/images/lake-erie041505c.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2005/s2427.htm&h=228&w=300&sz=19&hl=en&start=10&tbnid=TTHQtAaoT8bX6M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlake%2Berie%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26rls%3DCNDB,CNDB:2004-30,CNDB:en%26sa%3DN


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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

How manydam

projectsdo we need?
http://www.usace.army.mil/http://www.usace.army.mil/


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Preservation vs. Reservationists

Where should we spend out dollars?

Fix messes, or save gems?


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How Do We Fix Things?

We use tools!


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Tools of Restoration


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Tools of Restoration


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But how far back?

When is it good enough?


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Might this work?

Let Nature Heal Itself?


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Mt. St. Helens after the blast


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Mt. St Helens, 2005


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Authentic vs. Artificial

Where should we spend our funds?

How do we decide?


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Any Questions?

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