landing distance dispatch brief.pdf
DESCRIPTION
Airbus landing distances - eng/dispatch briefingNew landing distancesTRANSCRIPT
Landing performancePerformance Engineer Briefing
Presented by
HOU Runtian / Flight Operations Support Director
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
• For Landing Performance, the regulation requires a check of:• Maximum Certified Weight• Landing distance• Go Around Climb Gradients
• These checks are required • At Dispatch for destination Airport and destination alternate airport • During the flight in case of diversion
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
• Certification standards and Operational rules mainly address Dispatch
• Landing distance assessment in flight not yet covered by regulations
• Outputs from Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment Aviation Rulemaking Committee (TALPA ARC) are retained by Airbus for Landing distances computation in Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
Before 2012 Changes:
• Certified landing distance was ALD
• Used as a reference for Dispatch
• Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Actual Landing Distances
ALD:• Simplified model:
• At Dispatch, Landing performance assessment is based on forecasts and not on real values as for Takeoff performance
• Runway in use (QFU) for Landing is not always known at dispatch time
• No effect of Temperature• No effect of Runway slope
• Very short distance due to minimum airborne distance. On DRY Runway, Flight tests are based on:• Minimal Flare• Touchdown vertical speed 8 ft/sec• Glide angle up to 3.5°• That gives a time between threshold and touch down below 4s
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Actual Landing Distances
• The ALD determined in this manner on dry runway does not include any margin and provides optimistic results.
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
Before 2012 Changes:• Certified landing distance was ALD
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
2012• Airbus decided to simplify, clarify and secure Landing
Performance calculation• ALD not used and not published in Operational documentation
anymore (only available in PEP Airplane Flight Manual)
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
2012•RLD is the reference for Dispatch.• In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight assessment
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Introduction
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Content
Dispatch1
In-Flight2
In-Flight with Failure3
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
AFM: The « Landing distance » panel is renamed « Required Landing Distance »
AFM: All the certified landing distances (ALD and RLD)
TLO: "Landing point" and "Landing chart" calculations in manual approach / manual braking are unchanged(based on RLD) (No need to recompute Landing charts)
TLO: Landing Point option renamed « Landing Point Dispatch »
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
A318 / A319 A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW OPERATING
MANUAL
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
Contaminated Runway:
RLDCONTA = MAX (1.15 x ALDCONTA ; RLDWET)
Wet Runway:
RLDWET = 1.15 x RLDDRYRLDWET = 1.15 x 1.667 x ALDDRY
RLDWET = 1.917 x ALDDRY
Dry Runway:
RLDDRY = = 1.667 x ALDDRY
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
2012• FCOM – DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states
Contaminated Runway:
RLDCONTA
Wet Runway:
RLDWET
Dry Runway:
RLDDRYProcedure:
If Runway forecasted Contaminated :
Check RLDCONTACheck RLDWET
Retain MAX of RLDWET and RLDCONTA
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
1 - Dispatch
2012• FCOM – DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Content
Dispatch1
In-Flight2
In-Flight with Failure3
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
Before 2012 Changes:
• Certified landing distance was ALD
• Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment
2012
• In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight assessment
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
In-Flight Landing Distances
• For In-Flight Landing Distance assessment, ALD is not the right answer.
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
• Use of More Operational Runway Conditions• 6 braking performance levels
• Labelled by Reported Braking Action (RBA)• Good, Medium, Poor and intermediates
• Tool required for Runway Condition assessment
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
OP
SD
ATA
OE
B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
• In-Flight Landing distance• All relevant parameters considered
• Pressure altitude• Planned approach speed• Outside temperature and wind• Runway slope• Reverse thrust use
• Realistic Airborne PhaseALD In-Flight LD
DRY ~4s to 5s FLARE~VAPP at touch down
7s FLARE96% VAPP at touch down
CONTA 7s FLARE93% VAPP at touch down
7s FLARE96% VAPP at touch down
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
AFM: The « Operational landing distance » panel is redesigned
Calculation based on TALPA ARC modelNew features: • FMS VAPP Speed modelling
• Overweight landing• Operational LD factor• Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure
•TLO: New calculation mode « Landing point in-flight »•TLO: Landing charts Autoland & Autobrake based on
In-Flight Landing Distance instead of ALD
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II M I M I M I I M I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 452.3 I 603.8 I 1056.0 I 1.150 I 1214.4 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I % I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 128.135 I 128.206 I 35.7 I************* I 123.135 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I M I I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 0.000 I************* I************* I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
A318 / A319 A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW OPERATING
MANUAL
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
OP
SD
ATA
OE
B
IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
OP
SD
ATA
OE
B
LANDING DISTANCE - DRY
LANDING DISTANCE - GOOD
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2 - In-Flight
OP
SD
ATA
OE
B
LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM TO POORLANDING DISTANCE – GOOD TO MEDIUM
LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - POOR
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Content
Dispatch1
In-Flight2
In-Flight with Failure3
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure• Analytical computation
• Aircraft in degraded condition• Appropriate speed increment
• Available in combination with• Manual or Automatic landing• Manual or Automatic braking• Overweight• MEL• CDL
• Based on In-Flight LD concept• RBA• Realistic air distance
LDG
PER
F ...
.. A
FFEC
TED
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
AFM:
•New In-Flight Failure function in PEP AFM
•Certified
•Replaces Landing distance Factors from Paper AFM
TLO: •New calculation mode « Landing point in-flight » with In-Flight Failure option
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure: ResultsI--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II M I M I M I I M I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 495.0 I 723.0 I 1218.0 I 1.150 I 1400.7 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I % I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 138.135 I 137.935 I 44.8 I************* I 123.135 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 10.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I M I II--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 0.000 I 1056.0 I 1.153 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I
ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS / IN FLIGHT FAILURE CASES
FLAP LEVER LDG: CONF 3
Ground idle inop = all engines
3 - In-Flight with Failure
+ =
=
+ +
+ + =/
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
A318 / A319 A320 / A321
FLIGHT CREW OPERATING
MANUAL
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
SYSTEM
Failures
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with FailureSY
STEM
S
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3 - In-Flight with Failure
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
SummaryComparison between ALD & IFLD
Dispatch
• PEP
• FCOM
In-Flight
• PEP
• FCOM-QRH
In-Flight with failure
• PEP
• FCOM-QRH
© AIRBUS China LTD. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.