land titles and deeds notes1

7/30/2019 Land Titles and Deeds Notes1

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Land Titles and Deeds

Part 1: INTRODUCTION TO LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE PHILIPPINES

Introductiona. A land title is an eidence o! o"ners#i$%. T#is course is a%out: #o" to &et title and #o" to cone' land

i. (ut !irst) it is i*$ortant to +no" land o"ners#i$,ii. T#en "e +no" o! land re&istration

1. Procedure-. alue o! Title/. Su%se0uent Re&istration. Proceedin&s a!ter re&istration

iii. Hence: land o"ners#i$#o" to o"n land#o" to re&ister land

I. T#e Re&alian Doctrine and t#e Constitutiona. RE2ALIAN DOCTRINE

i. De!inition: All lands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain are o"ned %' t#e +in&3state.

1. W#at is $u%lic do*ain4 5 All Lands6a. T#in+ o! 17-1 at t#e ti*e "#en 8a&ellan landed in

t#e P#ili$$ines and na*ed all lands a!ter t#e 9in& o!S$ain 9in& ;erdinand


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T#e State s#all $rotect t#e nations *arine "ealt# in its arc#i$ela&ic "aters) territorialsea) and e?clusie econo*ic @one) and resere its use and enBo'*ent e?clusiel' to;ili$ino citi@ens.

T#e Con&ress *a') %' la") allo" s*allscale utili@ation o! natural resources %' ;ili$ino

citi@ens) as "ell as coo$eratie !is# !ar*in&) "it# $riorit' to su%sistence !is#er*en and!is# "or+ers in riers) la+es) %a's) and la&oons.

T#e President *a' enter into a&ree*ents "it# !orei&no"ned cor$orations inolin&eit#er tec#nical or !inancial assistance !or lar&escale e?$loration) deelo$*ent) andutili@ation o! *inerals) $etroleu*) and ot#er *ineral oils accordin& to t#e &eneral ter*sand conditions $roided %' la") %ased on real contri%utions to t#e econo*ic &ro"t#and &eneral "el!are o! t#e countr'. In suc# a&ree*ents) t#e State s#all $ro*ote t#edeelo$*ent and use o! local scienti!ic and tec#nical resources.

T#e President s#all noti!' t#e Con&ress o! eer' contract entered into in accordance

"it# t#is $roision) "it#in t#irt' da's !ro* its e?ecution.

%. >ura Re&alia 5 all lands "ere #eld %' t#e cro"n ando"ners#i$ is ested in t#e state

-. I*$lications:a. T#e lands can %e dis$osed %' t#e state %ecause it is

t#e o"ner.i. Li*itation: onl' a&ricultural lands

%. All $ersons assertin& o"ners#i$ *ust &ie $roo! o!

o"ners#i$i. 9e': #o" does $u%lic do*ain %eco*e $riate$ro$ert'

1. O"ners#i$ and re&istration are t"odi!!erent t#in&s

ii. Since eer't#in& is o"ned %' t#e state) I *usts#o" title to $roe o"ners#i$ "it# a alid*ode o! ac0uisition i.e. $atents andcon!ir*ation o! titleul' !irst) nineteen #undred and t"o) t#e 2oern*ent o! t#eP#ili$$ine Islands) on t#e t"ent'second da' o! Dece*%er) nineteen #undred and t#ree)entered into contracts "it# t#e P#ili$$ine Su&ar Estates Deelo$*ent Co*$an')Li*ited) La Sociedad A&ricola de Ultra*ar) t#e (ritis#8anila Estates Co*$an')Li*ited) and t#e Recoleto Order o! t#e P#ili$$ine Islands) !or t#e $urc#ase o! a%out one#undred and si?t'!our t#ousand one #undred and t"ent'seen #ectares o! land)situated in t#e $roinces o! La&una) (ulacan) Caite) (ataan) Ce%u) Ri@al) Isa%ela) and8indoro) !or t#e a&&re&ate su* o! seen *illion t"o #undred and t#irt'nine t#ousandseen #undred and eit'!our dollars and si?t'cents) *one' o! t#e United States, and

!HEREAS) in said contracts o! $urc#ase it "as $roided) a*on& ot#er t#in&s) t#at t#e2oern*ent o! t#e P#ili$$ine Islands s#ould #ae a $eriod o! si? *ont#s !ro* t#e dateo! said contracts "it#in "#ic# to e?a*ine t#e titles to said lands) and also "it#in "#ic#to sure' t#e sa*e in order to ascertain "#et#er t#ere is t#e 0uantit' o! land s$eci!iedin said contracts) and) in t#e eent t#ere is not) t#at a $ro$ortionate reduction s#all %e*ade in t#e a*ounts a&reed to %e $aid t#ere!or, and it "as !urt#er $roided in saidcontracts t#at t#e said $arties) so a&reein& to sell o%li&ated t#e*seles to cone' &oodand inde!easi%le titles to said lands %' $ro$er cone'ances, and

!HEREAS) %' said section si?t'!ie o! said Act o! Con&ress t#e 2oern*ent o! t#eP#ili$$ine Islands is e*$o"ered to lease t#e said lands a!ter t#eir ac0uisition !or a$eriod not e?ceedin& t#ree 'ears) and to sell t#e sa*e on suc# ter*s and conditions as it*a' $rescri%e) su%Bect to t#e li*itations and conditions contained in said Act o!Con&ress: Proided) T#at all de!erred $a'*ents and t#e interest t#ereon s#all %e$a'a%le in t#e *one' $rescri%ed !or t#e $a'*ent o! $rinci$al and interest o! t#e %ondsaut#ori@ed to %e issued and sold !or t#e $ur$ose o! reali@in& t#e *one' necessar' to$a' !or said lands %' section si?t'!our o! said Act o! Con&ress) and t#at said de!erred$a'*ents s#all %ear interest at t#e rate %orne %' said %onds: And $roided) !urt#er)

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T#at all *onies reali@ed or receied !ro* t#e sales or ot#er dis$osition o! said lands) or%' reason t#ereo!) s#all constitute a trust !und !or t#e $a'*ent o! $rinci$al and interesto! said %onds) and also constitute a sin+in& !und !or t#e $a'*ent o! said %onds at t#eir*aturit': And $roided !urt#er) T#at actual settlers and occu$ants at t#e ti*e saidlands are ac0uired %' t#e &oern*ent s#all #ae t#e $re!erence oer all ot#ers to lease)

$urc#ase) or ac0uire t#eir land#oldin&s "it#in suc# reasona%le ti*e as *a' %edeter*ined %' said &oern*ent, and

!HEREAS) t#e said lands are not $u%lic lands in t#e sense in "#ic# t#ose "ords areused in t#e Pu%lic Land Act) Nu*%er Nine Hundred and t"ent'si?) and cannot %eac0uired or leased under t#e $roisions t#ereo!) and it is necessar' to $roide $ro$era&encies !or carr'in& out t#e ter*s o! said contracts o! $urc#ase and t#e re0uire*entso! said Act o! Con&ress "it# $re!erence to t#e leasin& and sellin& o! said lands and t#ecreation o! a sin+in& !und to secure t#e $a'*ent o! t#e %onds so issued, No") t#ere!ore.

II. Lands o! t#e Pu%lic Do*aina. 2eneral Classi!ication under t#e Constitution

Section /. Lands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain are classi!ied into a&ricultural) !orest or ti*%er)*ineral lands and national $ar+s. A&ricultural lands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain *a' %e!urt#er classi!ied %' la" accordin& to t#e uses to "#ic# t#e' *a' %e deoted. Aliena%lelands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain s#all %e li*ited to a&ricultural lands. Priate cor$orations orassociations *a' not #old suc# aliena%le lands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain e?ce$t %' lease) !ora $eriod not e?ceedin& t"ent'!ie 'ears) rene"a%le !or not *ore t#an t"ent'!ie'ears) and not to e?ceed one t#ousand #ectares in area. Citi@ens o! t#e P#ili$$ines *a'lease not *ore t#an !ie #undred #ectares) or ac0uire not *ore t#an t"ele #ectares

t#ereo!) %' $urc#ase) #o*estead) or &rant.

Ta+in& into account t#e re0uire*ents o! conseration) ecolo&') and deelo$*ent) andsu%Bect to t#e re0uire*ents o! a&rarian re!or*) t#e Con&ress s#all deter*ine) %' la")t#e si@e o! lands o! t#e $u%lic do*ain "#ic# *a' %e ac0uired) deelo$ed) #eld) orleased and t#e conditions t#ere!or.

i. Sec / classi!ies as:1. A&ricultural

a. can %e !urt#er classi!ied into use to "#ic# it is

deoted%. A$$lica%le la": CA 11

-. ;orest= Ti*%era. A$$lica%le la": Reised ;orestr' code o! 1G7

/. 8ineral Landa. A$$lica%le la: P#ili$$ine 8inin& Act o! 1GG7

. National Par+s

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a. National Inte&rated Protection Areas NIPAS< Act o!1GG-

ii. Notes:1. In 1G/7 5 onl' / classi!ications, in 1G 5 classi!ications:

industrial) residential) resettle*ent) &ra@in&udiciall'

-. Wit#out THESE) t#e $resu*$tion stic+s 5 state o"ns t#eland

/. RestrictionsTITLE VI

GENERAL PROVISIONS

CHAPTER #IIIAPPLICATIONS1 PROCED"RE, CONCESSION OF LANDS, AND LEGAL

RESTRICTIONS AND ENC"MRANCES

SectionG. All a$$lications !iled under t#e $roisions o! t#is Act s#all %e addressed tot#e Director o! Lands.

SectionG. Eer' a$$lication under t#e $roisions o! t#is Act s#all %e *ade underoat# and s#all set !ort#:

a< T#e !ull na*e o! a$$licant) #is a&e) $lace o! %irt#) citi@ens#i$) ciil status) and $osto!!ice address. In case t#e a$$licant is a cor$oration) association or co$artners#i$) t#ea$$lication s#all %e acco*$anied "it# a certi!ied co$' o! its articles o! incor$oration)

association or co$artners#i$ to&et#er "it# an a!!idait o! its President) *ana&er) orot#er res$onsi%le o!!icer) &iin& t#e na*es o! t#e stoc+#olders or *e*%ers) t#eirciti@ens#i$) and t#e nu*%er o! s#ares su%scri%ed %' eac#.

%< T#at t#e a$$licant #as all t#e 0uali!ications re0uired %' t#is Act in t#e case.

c< T#at #e #as none o! t#e dis0uali!ications *entioned #erein.

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d< T#at t#e a$$lication is *ade in &ood !ait#) !or t#e actual $ur$ose o! usin& t#e land!or t#e o%Bect s$eci!ied in t#e a$$lication and !or no ot#er $ur$ose) and t#at t#e land issuita%le !or t#e $ur$ose to "#ic# it is to %e deoted.

e< T#at t#e a$$lication is *ade !or t#e e?clusie %ene!it o! t#e a$$lication and not)eit#er directl' or indirectl') !or t#e %ene!it o! an' ot#er $erson or $ersons) cor$oration)association) or $artners#i$.

!< As accurate a descri$tion o! t#e land as *a' %e &ien) statin& its nature t#e$roince) *unici$alit') %arrio) and sitio "#ere it is located) and its li*its and%oundaries) s$eci!'in& t#ose #ain& re!erence to accidents o! t#e &round or $er*anent*onu*ents) i! an'.

&< W#et#er all or $art o! t#e land is occu$ied or cultiated or i*$roed) and %'"#o*) &iin& #is $osto!!ice address) and "#et#er t#e land #as %een occu$ied orcultiated or i*$roed %' t#e a$$licant or #is ascendant) t#e na*e o! t#e ascendant)t#e relations#i$ "it# #i*) t#e date and $lace o! t#e deat# o! t#e ascendant) t#e date"#en t#e $ossession and cultiation %e&an) and descri$tion o! t#e i*$roe*ents *ade)acco*$an'in& satis!actor' eidence o! t#e relations#i$ o! t#e a$$licant "it# t#eascendant) and o! t#e deat# o! t#e latter and t#e descendants le!t %' #i*) in case it isalle&ed t#at #e occu$ied and cultiated t#e land !irst, or "#et#er t#ere are indicationso! its #ain& %een occu$ied) cultiated) or i*$roed entirel' or $artiall') and i! so) in"#at suc# indications consist) "#et#er #e #as *ade inesti&ations as to "#en and %'"#o* suc# i*$roe*ents "ere *ade) and i! so) #o" suc# inesti&ations "ere *adeand "#at "as t#e result t#ereo!, or "#et#er t#e land is not occu$ied) i*$roed) or

cultiated eit#er entirel' or $artiall') and t#ere are no indications o! it #ain& eer %eenoccu$ied) i*$roed) or cultiated) and in t#is case) "#at is t#e condition o! t#e land.

#< T#at t#e land a$$lied !or is neit#er ti*%er nor *ineral land and does not contain&uano or de$osits o! salts or coal.

i< T#at t#e a$$licant a&rees t#at a stri$ !ort' *eters "ide startin& !ro* t#e %an+ oneac# side o! an' rier or strea* t#at *a' %e !ound on t#e land a$$lied !or) s#all %ede*arcated and $resered as $er*anent ti*%erland to %e $lanted e?clusiel' to treeso! +no"n econo*ic alue) and t#at #e s#all not *a+e an' clearin& t#ereon or utili@e t#esa*e !or ordinar' !ar*in& $ur$oses een a!ter $atent s#all #ae %een issued to #i* or a

contract o! lease s#all #ae %een e?ecuted in #is !aor. M

SectionG1. T#e state*ents *ade in t#e a$$lication s#all %e considered as essentialconditions and $arts o! an' concession) title) or $er*it issued on t#e %asis o! suc#a$$lication) and an' !alse state*ents t#erein or o*ission o! !acts alterin&) c#an&in&) or*odi!'in& t#e consideration o! t#e !acts set !ort# in suc# state*ents) and an'su%se0uent *odi!ication) alteration) or c#an&e o! t#e *aterial !acts set !ort# in t#e

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a$$lication s#all i$so !acto $roduce t#e cancellation o! t#e concession) title) or $er*it&ranted. It s#all %e t#e dut' o! t#e Director o! Lands) !ro* ti*e to ti*e and "#eneer#e *a' dee* it adisa%le) to *a+e t#e necessar' inesti&ations !or t#e $ur$ose o!ascertainin& "#et#er t#e *aterial !acts set out in t#e a$$lication are true) or "#et#ert#e' continue to e?ist and are *aintained and $resered in &ood !ait#) and !or t#e

$ur$oses o! suc# inesti&ation) t#e Director o! Lands is #ere%' e*$o"ered to issuesu%$oenas and su%$oenas duces tecu* and) i! necessar') to o%tain co*$ulsor' $rocess!ro* t#e courts. In eer' inesti&ation *ade in accordance "it# t#is section) t#ee?istence o! %ad !ait#) !raud) conceal*ent) or !raudulent and ille&al *odi!ication o!essential !acts s#all %e $resu*ed i! t#e &rantee or $ossessor o! t#e land s#all re!use or!ail to o%e' a su%$oena or su%$oena duces tecu* la"!ull' issued %' t#e Director o!Lands or #is aut#ori@ed dele&ates or a&ents) or s#all re!use or !ail to &ie direct ands$eci!ic ans"ers to $ertinent 0uestions) and on t#e %asis o! suc# $resu*$tion) an ordero! cancellation *a' issue "it#out !urt#er $roceedin&s.

SectionG-. Alt#ou t#e *a?i*u* area o! $u%lic land t#at *a' %e ac0uired is !i?ed) 'ett#e s$irit o! t#is Act is t#at t#e rule "#ic# *ust deter*ine t#e real area to %e &ranted ist#e %ene!icial use o! t#e land. T#e concession or dis$osition s#all %e !or less t#an t#e*a?i*u* area aut#ori@ed i!) at t#e ti*e o! t#e issuance o! t#e $atent or o! t#econcession or dis$osition) it s#all a$$ear t#at t#e a$$licant is utili@in& and is onl' a%leto utili@e a s*aller area) een t#ou t#e a$$lication is !or a &reater area. ;or t#e$ur$oses o! t#is section) t#e Director o! Lands is aut#ori@ed to deter*ine t#e area t#at*a' %e &ranted to t#e a$$licant) and to den' or cancel or li*it an' a$$lication !orconcession) $urc#ase) or lease i! coninced o! t#e lac+ o! *eans o! t#e a$$licant !orusin& t#e land !or t#e $ur$ose !or "#ic# #e #as re0uested it.

SectionG/. Lands a$$lied !or under t#is Act s#all con!or* to t#e le&al su%diisions ands#all %e conti&uous i! co*$risin& *ore t#an one su%diision. I! su%diisions #ae not%een *ade on t#e date o! t#e a$$lication) t#e lands s#all %e rectan&ular in !or* so !ar as$ractica%le) %ut it s#all %e endeaored to *a+e t#e* con!or* to t#e le&al su%diision assoon as t#e sa*e #as %een *ade) $roided t#e interests o! t#e a$$licant or &rantee are$rotected, and t#e su%diision assi&ned to t#e a$$licant or &rantee s#all) so !ar as$ractica%le) include t#e land i*$roed or cultiated. T#e re&ulations to %e issued !ort#e e?ecution o! t#e $roisions o! t#is section s#all ta+e into account t#e le&alsu%diision to %e *ade %' t#e 2oern*ent and t#e inadisa%ilit' o! &rantin& t#e %estland at a &ien $lace to onl' one $erson.

SectionG. In case t#e le&al su%diisions #ae alread' %een *ade at t#e ti*e o! t#e!ilin& o! t#e a$$lication) no c#ar&e s#all %e *ade !or t#e sure', %ut i! t#e le&alsu%diisions #ae not 'et %een *ade) t#e cost o! t#e sure' s#all %e c#ar&ed to t#e2oern*ent) e?ce$t in t#e !ollo"in& cases:

a< In $urc#ases under c#a$ters !ie and ten o! t#is Act) t#e cost o! t#e sure' s#all %ec#ar&ed to t#e $urc#aser i! t#e sa*e is a cor$oration) association) or $artners#i$, in

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ot#er $urc#ases t#e $urc#ases) "#oeer it %e) s#all $a' t#e total cost o! t#e sure'.

%< In leases) t#e cost o! t#e sure' s#all %e $aid %' t#e lessee, %ut at an' ti*e a!ter t#e!irst !ie 'ears !ro* t#e a$$roal o! t#e lease) and durin& Cost o! t#e li!e o! t#e sa*e)t#e lessee s#all %e entitled to t#e rei*%urse*ent o! one#al! o! t#e cost o! t#e sure') i!

#e s#o"s to t#e satis!action o! t#e Director o! Lands t#at #e #as occu$ied and i*$roeda su!!icient area o! t#e land or incurred su!!icient e?$enses in connection t#ere"it# to"arrant suc# rei*%urse*ent.

SectionG7. I! %e!ore t#e deli*itation and sure' o! a tract o! $u%lic land t#e Presidents#all declare t#e sa*e dis$osa%le or aliena%le and suc# land s#all %e actuall' occu$ied%' a $erson ot#er t#an t#e a$$licant) t#e Director o! Lands s#all in!or* t#e occu$ant o!#is $rior rit to a$$l' !or t#e land and s#all &ie #i* one #undred and t"ent' da'sti*e in "#ic# to !ile t#e a$$lication or a$$l' !or t#e concession %' an' o! t#e !or*s o!dis$osition aut#ori@ed %' t#is Act) i! suc# occu$ant is 0uali!ied to ac0uire a concessionunder t#is Act.

SectionGM. As soon as an' land o! t#e $u%lic do*ain #as %een sure'ed) deli*ited) andclassi!ied) t#e President *a') in t#e order issued %' #i* declarin& it o$en !ordis$osition) desi&nate a ter* "it#in "#ic# occu$ants "it# i*$roe*ents %ut notentitled to !ree $atents *a' a$$l' !or t#e land occu$ied %' t#e*) i! t#e' #ae t#e0uali!ications re0uired %' t#is Act.

SectionG. I! in t#e case o! t#e t"o last $recedin& sections) t#e occu$ant or occu$ants#ae not *ade a$$lication under an' o! t#e $roisions o! t#is Act at t#e e?$iration o!t#e ti*e li*it !i?ed) t#e' s#all lose an' $rior rit to t#e land reco&ni@ed %' t#is Act)

and t#e i*$roe*ents on t#e land) i! an') s#all %e !or!eited to t#e 2oern*ent.

SectionG. All rits in and interest to) and t#e i*$roe*ents and cro$s u$on) land !or"#ic# an a$$lication #as %een denied or canceled or a $atent or &rant re!used) or acontract or concession rescinded or annulled) s#all also %e !or!eited to t#e 2oern*ent.

SectionGG. T#e Secretar' o! A&riculture and Co**erce *a' order suc# i*$roe*entsand cro$s to %e a$$raised se$aratel') !or sale to t#e ne" a$$licant or &rantee) or *a'declare suc# land o$en onl' to sale or lease.

Section1. In case t#e cancellation is due to delin0uenc' on t#e $art o! t#e a$$licant or

&rantee) t#e sa*e s#all %e entitled to t#e rei*%urse*ent o! t#e $roceeds o! t#e sale o!t#e i*$roe*ents and cro$s) a!ter deductin& t#e total a*ount o! #is inde%tedness tot#e 2oern*ent and t#e e?$ense incurred %' it in t#e sale o! t#e i*$roe*ents or cro$sand in t#e ne" concession o! t#e land.

Section11. All actions !or t#e reersion to t#e 2oern*ent o! lands o! t#e $u%licdo*ain or i*$roe*ents t#ereon s#all %e instituted %' t#e Solicitor2eneral or t#e

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o!!icer actin& in #is stead) in t#e $ro$er courts) in t#e na*e o! t#e Co**on"ealt# o! t#eP#ili$$ines.

Section1-. An' $erson) cor$oration) or association *a' !ile an o%Bection under oat# toan' a$$lication or concession under t#is Act) &rounded on an' reason su!!icient under

t#is Act !or t#e denial or cancellation o! t#e a$$lication or t#e denial o! t#e $atent or&rant. I!) a!ter t#e a$$licant or &rantee #as %een &ien suita%le o$$ortunit' to %e dul'#eard) t#e o%Bection is !ound to %e "ell !ounded) t#e Director o! Lands s#all den' orcancel t#e a$$lication or den' $atent or &rant) and t#e $erson o%Bectin& s#all) i!0uali!ied) %e &ranted a $rior rit o! entr' !or a ter* o! si?t' da's !ro* t#e date o! t#enotice.

Section1/. All t#e $roo!s) a!!idaits) and oat#s o! an' +ind re0uired or necessar' undert#is Act *a' %e *ade %e!ore t#e Bustice o! t#e $eace 1 o! t#e *unici$alit' in "#ic# t#eland lies) or %e!ore t#e Bud&e or cler+ o! t#e Court o! ;irst Instance o! t#e $roince in"#ic# t#e land lies) or %e!ore an' Bustice o! t#e $eace or c#ar&ea%le notar' $u%lic o! t#e$roince in "#ic# t#e land lies) or %e!ore an' o!!icer or e*$lo'ee o! t#e (ureau o!Lands aut#ori@ed %' la" to ad*inister oat#s.

T#e !ees !or t#e ta+in& o! !inal eidence %e!ore an' o! t#e o!!icials #erein%e!ore*entioned s#all %e as !ollo"s:

;or eac# a!!idait) !i!t' centaos.

;or eac# de$osition o! t#e a$$licant or t#e "itness) !i!t' centaos.

Section1. An' o"ner o! uncultiated a&ricultural land "#o +no"in&l' $er*itsa$$lication !or t#e sa*e to %e *ade to t#e 2oern*ent and t#e land to %e tilled andi*$roed %' a %ona !ide &rantee "it#out $rotestin& to t#e (ureau o! Lands "it#in one'ear a!ter cultiation #as %e&un) s#all lose all to t#e $art o! t#e land so cultiated andi*$roed) unless #e s#all %rin& action in t#e $ro$er court %e!ore suc# action !orrecoer' $rescri%es and o%tains !aora%le Bud&*ent t#erein) in "#ic# case t#e courts#all) u$on its decision %eco*in& !inal) order t#e $a'*ent to t#e &rantee) "it#in areasona%le $eriod) o! t#e inde*nit' !i?ed %' said court !or t#e cultiation andi*$roe*ent.

Section17. I! at an' ti*e t#e a$$licant or &rantee s#all die %e!ore t#e issuance o! t#e

$atent or t#e !inal &rant o! t#e land) or durin& t#e li!e o! t#e lease) or "#ile t#e a$$licantor &rantee still #as o%li&ations $endin& to"ards t#e 2oern*ent) in accordance "it#t#is Act) #e s#all %e succeeded in #is rits and o%li&ations "it# res$ect to t#e landa$$lied !or or &ranted or leased under t#is Act %' #is #eirs in la") "#o s#all %e entitledto #ae issued to t#e* t#e $atent or !inal concession i! t#e' s#o" t#at t#e' #aeco*$lied "it# t#e re0uire*ents t#ere!or) and "#o s#all %e su%ro&ated in all #is ritsand o%li&ations !or t#e $ur$oses o! t#is Act.

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Section1M. I! at an' ti*e a!ter t#e a$$roal o! t#e a$$lication and %e!ore t#e issuance o!a $atent or t#e !inal concession o! t#e land) or durin& t#e li!e o! t#e lease) or at an' ti*e"#en t#e a$$licant or &rantee still #as o%li&ations $endin& "it# t#e 2oern*ent) inaccordance "it# t#is Act) it a$$ears t#at t#e land a$$lied !or is necessar') in t#e $u%lic

interest) !or t#e $rotection o! an' source o! "ater or !or an' "or+ !or t#e $u%lic %ene!itt#at t#e 2oern*ent "is#es to underta+e) t#e Secretar' o! A&riculture and Co**erce*a' order t#e cancellation o! t#e a$$lication or t#e non issuance o! t#e $atent orconcession or t#e e?clusion !ro* t#e land a$$lied !or o! suc# $ortion as *a' %ere0uired) u$on $a'*ent o! t#e alue o! t#e i*$roe*ents) i! an'.

Section1. All $atents or certi!icates !or land &ranted under t#is Act s#all %e $re$aredin t#e (ureau o! Lands and s#all %e issued in t#e na*e o! t#e 2oern*ent o! t#eRe$u%lic o! t#e P#ili$$ines under t#e si&nature o! t#e President o! t#e P#ili$$ines:Proided) #o"eer) T#at t#e President o! t#e P#ili$$ines *a' dele&ate to t#e Secretar'o! A&riculture and Natural Resources and=or t#e Under secretar' !or NaturalResources t#e $o"er to si&n $atents or certi!icates coerin& lands not e?ceedin& one#undred !ort'!our #ectares in area) and to t#e Secretar' o! A&riculture and NaturalResources 7 t#e $o"er to si&n $atents or certi!icates coerin& lands e?ceedin& one#undred !ort'!our #ectares in area: Proided) !urt#er) T#at District Land O!!icers ineer' $roince are #ere%' e*$o"ered to si&n $atents or certi!icates coerin& lands note?ceedin& !ie #ectares in area "#en t#e o!!ice o! t#e District Land O!!icer is $ro$erl'e0ui$$ed to carr' out t#e $ur$oses o! t#is Act: Proided) T#at no a$$licant s#all %e$er*itted to s$lit t#e area a$$lied !or %' #i* in e?cess o! t#e area !i?ed in t#is sectiona*on& #is relaties "it#in t#e si?t# de&ree o! consan&uinit' or a!!init' e?ce$tin& t#ea$$licants *arried c#ildren "#o are actuall' occu$'in& t#e land: Proided) !inall')

T#at co$ies o! said $atents issued s#all %e !urnis#ed to t#e (ureau o! Lands !or record$ur$oses. No $atent or certi!icate s#all %e issued %' t#e District Land O!!icer unless t#esure' o! t#e land coered %' suc# $atent or certi!icate) "#et#er *ade %' t#e (ureau o!Lands or %' a $riate sure'or) #as %een a$$roed %' t#e Director o! Lands. T#eDirector o! Lands s#all $ro*$tl' act u$on all sure's su%*itted to #i* !or a$$roaland return t#e sa*e to t#e District Land O!!icer "it#in ninet' da's a!ter recei$t o! suc#sure's %' #is o!!ice. In case o! disa$$roal) t#e Director o! Lands s#all state t#ereasons t#ere!or. An' $erson a&&rieed %' t#e decision or action o! t#e District LandO!!icer *a') "it#in t#irt' da's !ro* recei$t o! t#e co$' o! t#e said decision) a$$eal tot#e Director o! Lands. Suc# $atents or certi!icates s#all %e e!!ectie onl' !or t#e$ur$oses de!ined in Section one #undred and t"ent't"o o! t#e land Re&istration Act)

and actual cone'ance o! t#e land s#all %e e!!ected onl' as $roided in said section.

All sure's $endin& a$$roal %' t#e Director o! Lands at t#e ti*e t#is Act ta+es e!!ects#all %e acted u$on %' #i* "it#in ninet' da's !ro* t#e e!!ectiit' o! t#is Act.

Section1. No $atent s#all issue nor s#all an' concession or contract %e !inall'a$$roed unless t#e land #as %een sure'ed and an accurate $lat *ade t#ereo! %' t#e

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(ureau o! Lands.

Section1G. In no case s#all an' land %e &ranted under t#e $roisions o! t#is Act "#ent#is a!!ects inBuriousl' t#e use o! an' adBacent land or o! t#e "aters) riers) cree+s)!ores#ore) roads) or roadsteads) or est t#e &rantee "it# ot#er alua%le rits t#at *a'

%e detri*ental to t#e $u%lic interest.

Section11. Patents or certi!icates issued under t#e $roisions o! t#is Act s#all notinclude nor cone' t#e title to an' &old) siler) co$$er) iron) or ot#er *etals or *inerals)or ot#er su%stances containin& *inerals) &uano) &u*s) $recious stones) coal) or coal oilcontained in lands &ranted t#ereunder. T#ese s#all re*ain to %e $ro$ert' o! t#e State.

Section111. All $ersons receiin& title to lands under t#e $roisions o! t#is Act s#all#old suc# lands su%Bect to t#e $roisions #ereo! and to t#e sa*e $u%lic seritudes ase?ist u$on lands o"ned %' $riate $ersons) includin& t#ose "it# re!erence to t#e littoralo! t#e sea and t#e %an+s o! nai&a%le riers or riers u$on "#ic# ra!tin& *a' %e done.

Section11-. Said land s#all !urt#er %e su%Bect to a rito!"a' not e?ceedin& si?t' M

land titles and deeds notes1

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