lamb finishing with agricom 2010
TRANSCRIPT
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Lamb finishing options and Systems Research
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SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
087-J
an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
8
28-Jan-0
8
4-Feb-
08
11-Feb-
08
18-Feb-
08
25-Feb-
08
3-Mar-
08
10-Mar-
08
17-Mar-
08
25-Mar-
08
31-Mar-
08
7-Apr-
08
14-Apr-
08
21-Apr-
08
28-Apr-
08
5-May-
08
Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Chicory & Clovers
Red clover (extra benefit N production & Herbicide option)
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SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
087-J
an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
8
28-Jan-0
8
4-Feb-
08
11-Feb-
08
18-Feb-
08
25-Feb-
08
3-Mar-
08
10-Mar-
08
17-Mar-
08
25-Mar-
08
31-Mar-
08
7-Apr-
08
14-Apr-
08
21-Apr-
08
28-Apr-
08
5-May-
08
Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
HunterSown early Nov
Becomes late to sow other options
Hunter & Italian ?Sown early Nov
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SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
087-J
an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
8
28-Jan-0
8
4-Feb-
08
11-Feb-
08
18-Feb-
08
25-Feb-
08
3-Mar-
08
10-Mar-
08
17-Mar-
08
25-Mar-
08
31-Mar-
08
7-Apr-
08
14-Apr-
08
21-Apr-
08
28-Apr-
08
5-May-
08
Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
WinfredSown Oct 20th
Becomes late to sow other options
Winfred & red clover or Tonic ?Sown Oct 20th
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SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
087-J
an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
8
28-Jan-0
8
4-Feb-
08
11-Feb-
08
18-Feb-
08
25-Feb-
08
3-Mar-
08
10-Mar-
08
17-Mar-
08
25-Mar-
08
31-Mar-
08
7-Apr-
08
14-Apr-
08
21-Apr-
08
28-Apr-
08
5-May-
08
Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Spring sown Italian Autumn Sown ItalianSown Jan
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SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
087-J
an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
8
28-Jan-0
8
4-Feb-
08
11-Feb-
08
18-Feb-
08
25-Feb-
08
3-Mar-
08
10-Mar-
08
17-Mar-
08
25-Mar-
08
31-Mar-
08
7-Apr-
08
14-Apr-
08
21-Apr-
08
28-Apr-
08
5-May-
08
Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Late spring sown perennial pasture / NEW GRASS
Tetraploid ryegrasses
Hybrid ryegrasses
Late heading ryegrasses
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Chicory & clovers
• On-farm experience
• 250-350 g/day
• 35-45 lambs/ha in summer• 2-3 times more meat production than
pasture
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Management of chicory as crop
• Sub-divide to six paddocks with water
• Rotate every 20-30 days (3-4 days per break)
• Keep lambs on chicory diet till sold to works
• Apply regular N-based fertiliser• Only use certain herbicides.
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Fractional degradation rate of different forages(/hr) Hrs to
Fresh Forage 50 %
Perennial ryegrass 0.114 6
Kikuyu 0.071 10Paspalum 0.068 10
White clover 0.195 3
Chicory 0.260 2.5Plantain 0.246 2.5
Adapted from Burke et al. 2000 Proc. NZ Soc. An Prod.
What makes herbs so effective
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Very effective lamb finishing forage systemNot difficult, just different
Focus on …• weed elimination and control• time of sowing• pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicides• accurate sowing depth and spread• care in first six months• good rotational grazing• nitrogen use
SummaryChicory Clover systems
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Red clovers • On-farm experience developing in last 2-3
years
• 250-350 g/day• 35-45 lambs/ha in summer
• Large amount of Nitrogen build up in soil
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Where does red clover fit?
1. Special purpose finishing feed.In herb mix, monoculture, or with grasses like
timothy or tall fescueSite selection – moist fertile flats and valleys.Restrict winter grazing
2. Permanent pasture with ryegrass or tall fescue good for silage or hay highly preferred feed by deer how about with dairy cows!
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Red Clover SystemsSummer
(Dec – Feb)
Hunter Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 3000 5850 2250Growth (kg DM/ha/day) 72 90 ?Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 45.9 75.5 29.8
LWG (g/day) 224 197 117LWG/ha (kg /ha/day) 10.3 14.9 3.5
Utilisation (%) 48 51 21
Apparent Intake (kg DM/l/day) 1.34 1.33 0.54
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Red Clover SystemsAutumn
(March – April)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 0 1900 1900Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 0 27.3 28.2
LWG (g/day) 0 268 110LWG/ha(kg/ha/day) 0 7.3 3.1
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Red Clover SystemsAutumn(April-May)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 2150 0 1250Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 29.3 0 18.3
LWG (g/day) 155 0 43LWG/ha(kg/ha/day) 4.5 0 0.8
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Red Clover SystemsSpring
(Sept – Dec)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Animal grazing days 588 1120 555
Stocking rate (ewes/ha) 30 21 13
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Red Clover Systems2nd Summer
(Dec – present)
Hunter Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 2500 2500 2150Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 40 43 35
LWG (g/day) 191 292 72LWG/ha (kg /ha/day) 7.6 12.7 2.5
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Red Clover SystemsSummary
• Red clover supports high stocking rates• Red clover supports rapid lamb growth • Capable of 2-3+ years (poa can build with time)
• Less water and no nitrogen• Capable of producing early (Aug) forage
• Nitrogen fixing• Conservation • Chemical control options – Treflan, Tropotox
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Italian Ryegrass • Spring sown provides no stem production
through first summer (ideally 18 month only)
• 200-250 g/day possibly higher at times• Autumn sown – outstanding for autumn
lambs – (need to sow January)
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Examples of Agricom Systems Work
Maximizing Productivity from Hunter
Benefits of Tonic as a Lactation feed for Lamb finishing
Maximizing productivity from Winfred
Red Clover forage systems (Starting spring 08)
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Maximising productivity from Hunter
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Low residuals reduce DM production
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Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
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Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Allowance (kg DM/head/day)
Liv
ewei
ght g
ain
(g/d
ay)
.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Liv
ewei
ght g
ain/
ha (k
g/ha
/day
) .
Grass pastureThompson et al. 1979
Allowances of 2-2.5 Max LWG/ha/day
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Residual – Target for maximum LWG/ha
Lambs removed 94% lamina and 50% petiole
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Summary
• Low residuals reduce DM production
• LWG/ha maximised at 2 - 2.5 kg DM/h/day
• LWG/ha maximised at utilisation of 60-70%
• Controlling grazing is critical
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Maximising productivity from Winfred crops
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0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Allowance (kg DM/lamb/day)
Liv
ewei
ght
gain
(k
g/da
y)
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
Liv
ewei
ght
gain
/ha
(kg/
ha/d
ay)
Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
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Residual – Target for maximum LWG/haLambs removed 100% lamina and 100% petiole and 50% stem
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Pla
nt
Su
rviv
al (
%)
0.75 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Effect of Allowance on Plant Number
Hunter
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Pla
nt
Su
rviv
al (
%)
0.75 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Effect of Allowance on Plant Number
HunterWinfred
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Effect of Allowance on Winfred Regrowth Yield
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1 1.5 2 3.5Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Reg
row
th y
eild
(kg
DM
)
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Summary
• Winfred robust under intense grazing
• LWG/ha maximised at 2.5 kg DM/h/day
• LWG/ha maximised at utilisation of 60%
• At maximum productivity 30% stem consumed
•Controlling grazing is critical
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Benefits of using Tonic plantain as a feed during lactation
Dr Glenn JudsonPGG Seeds
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Tonic plantain
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Italian Perennial TonicAv. Mass (kg DM/ha) 1200 1200 1000DM prod. (kg DM/ha/d) 43 72 71Stocking rate (ewes/ha) 14 14 9
Lamb LWG (g/d) 310 296 376 Weaning wt (kg) 34.3 33.9 41.1
Ewe Lwt (kg) 78.0 70.6 86.1Condition Score 3.3 2.6 3.3
Results - 2007
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Big lambs!
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Conclusions
• Tonic produced similar DM to P. ryegrass
• Daily intake was higher on Tonic
• Tonic increases weaning wt of lambs and ewes
• Tonic reduces faecal egg output of ewes
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Practical Management
• Set stock at lambing – 1200 kg DM/ha
• 10-12 twin bearing ewes
• “Rocking” towards conclusion of lambing
• Residuals of 400 - 500 kg DM/ha don’t compromise
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Tonic plantain in Western District VictoriaBeing used for early lambing of cull ewes Photo 22 June 2010
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Four year old Tonic plantain in Western District VictoriaBeing used for Autumn/Winter Lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
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Tonic plantain & Lucerne in Western District VictoriaBeing used for stud ram lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
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Tonic plantain & Lucerne in Western District VictoriaBeing used for stud ram lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
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Early august lambing triplet ewes set stocked in Seddon Pure Tonic plantain in its 3rd winter Photo 2nd August 2010
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Merino ewe hogget's Awtere valley near Dashwood Pure Tonic plantain in its 2nd winter Photo 2nd August 2010
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Tonic plantain in its 3rd winterSown @ 6kg into run out AR1 perennial ryegrass North Canterbury
Photo 2nd August 2010