lake superior decision support systems: gis databases and decision support systems for land use...
TRANSCRIPT
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Lake Superior Decision Support Systems:GIS Databases and Decision Support Systems for
Land use PlanningGeorge Host
Lucinda JohnsonCarl Richards
Natural Resources Research InstituteUniversity of Minnesota - Duluth
Patrick CollinsMN Dept. of Natural Resources
Mike KoutnikESRI
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• Forestry and forest products industries dominate the Lake Superior basin's economy.
• Demand for tourism and leisure activities is replacing mining and other previous contributors to the region's economy, with an associated increase in development to leverage this demand.
• The basin is highly multi-jurisdictional• 2 Federal governments
• 3 States
• ~15 counties
• Many townships
• Numerous tribal governments
Lake Superior Basin - Economy
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Lake Superior Basin - Ecology
• The Basin is a unique harbor of biodiversity on a world-wide basis, with the greatest biodiversity is concentrated along coastal shores and wetlands.
• The Basin's natural resources are increasingly in conflict with both forestry and development. And increasingly, the three are in conflict at a given place simultaneously.
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Objectives of LSDSS
• To provide users with data and tools they can apply to local land and resource decisions.
• Provide a context for local decisions that results in long-term sustainability and stewardship across the basin.
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• Develop seamless, meso-scale GIS layers of the Lake Superior Basin
• Provide for delivery of data and metadata via the Internet and CD-ROMs
Objectives - Data
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Objectives - Tools
• Develop and test decision support tools for local decision makers for land use issues.
• Develop and deploy interpretive kiosks with Lake Superior geographic information for use by residents and visitors to the Lake Superior Basin.
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Expected Results
• GIS applications and databases will provide for
• analysis, assessment and policy development at local and regional scales
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Expected Results
• GIS applications and databases will provide for
• analysis, assessment and policy development at local and regional scales
• simultaneous consideration of ecological, economic, and social aspects
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Expected Results
• GIS applications and databases will provide for
• analysis, assessment and policy development at local and regional scales
• simultaneous consideration of ecological, economic, and social aspects
• prediction of future conditions, based on computer models and extrapolation of current trends
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Spatial Data Issues
• Data sources, metadata quality, classification systems, and resolution differ across state and national boundaries
• seamless maps are often difficult to construct
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Spatial Data Issues
• Accessibility differs by data set
• WI wetland inventory and many Canadian data sets are funded by cost-recovery mechanisms
• Many data sets require restrictive licensing agreements
• Distribution policies not well-established
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Database Catalog – Physical features
• Geology
• Bathymetry
• Elevation
• Watershed Boundaries
• Climate
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Database Catalog – Vegetation Layers
• Presettlement Vegetation
• Contemporary Land Cover
• Wetland Inventory
• Forest Cover
• Detailed Landsat classification
• Forest Inventory
• FIA data points
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Database Catalog – Ecological Layers
• Soils
• Hydrography
• Ecological Classification
• Natural Areas
• Protected areas
• (SNAs etc)
• Critical habitats
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Database Catalog – Social Layers
• Political boundaries
• Transportation
• Census
• Land Ownership
City Lights:Time-integrated
Irradiance
(Defense Meteorological Satellite Program)
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Integration of GIS and Decision Support Tools
• We want to predict the consequences of land use decisions
• Allow “What-if” scenarios with map outputs
• Provide estimates of the confidence of these predictions
• Platform: Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system
• Integrates ARCVIEW GIS with the Netweaver knowledge-base and inference engine
http://www.fsl.orst.edu/emds
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GIS-based Decision Support forWhite Pine Management
• White Pine affected by:
• Climate
• Regional & Microclimate
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GIS-based Decision Support forWhite Pine Management
• White Pine affected by
• Climate
• Topography
• Slope and Aspect
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GIS-based Decision Support forWhite Pine Management
• White Pine affected by
• Climate
• Topography
• Slope and Aspect
• Distance to Water
• Blister rust incidence
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GIS-based Decision Support forWhite Pine Management
• The Decision Support System needs to integrate the different spatial layers to predict site suitability across the landscape• Boolean (And/Or) Logic
• Fuzzy Logic
• The inputs and outputs for the decision model are geographic data layers
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Lake Superior Pilot Projects
• Prototype studies that integrate geographic information with models or decision support tools to address a local issue.
• Designed to identify the datasets, analytical techniques, educational efforts, and institutional arrangements required to facilitate practical locally-based land-use planning.
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Pilot Project I - Miller Creek
• Issue: Stormwater management in an urban stream
• Designated trout stream
• Intensive mall development in watershed
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Miller Creek Stormwater Modeling
• Use EPA SWMM model to:
• Simulate hydrology
• Identify runoff quantity and quality problems
• Identify data gaps
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Miller Creek Hydrograph
Predicted and observed discharge from middle reach of Miller Creek.
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Miller Creek
• develop “what if” scenarios to identify subwatersheds sensitive to development
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Comparison of hydrographs above and below mall development area on Miller Creek.
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Pilot Project II – Landuse planning in northern Wisconsin
• Create a CD-ROM based educational tool for local (township/county) planners and citizen groups
• Includes:• geographic data specific to the region
• procedures involved in the planning process
• examples of ordinance language
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Pilot Project II – Landuse planning in northern Wisconsin
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Land Use Planning Issues & Concerns
• Timber management practices
• Erosion and sediment control
• Conservation/preservation of wetlands
• Tax assessment of wetlands and wildlife areas
• Loss of agricultural land to other uses
• Urban sprawl
• Maintaining a rural character and quality of life
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Land Use Planning CD
• Spatial data
• land use
• transportation
• rivers and lakes
• natural features
• political boundaries
• Etc.
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• Planning tools
• example surveys
• ordinances language
• zoning policies
• Development/preservation strategies
• Other legal instruments that a local government could tailor to its needs
Land Use Planning CD
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Land Use Planning CD
• Landscape graphics : air photo or line drawing examples of different scenarios
• illustrating housing density and patterns (clustered or dispersed)
• riparian buffers
• Intent – show future landscape might look like under particular management strategies
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Lake Superior Decision Support Systems is funded by the
US EPA Coastal Environmental Management Program through the
MN Dept of Natural Resources
www.nrri.umn.edu/lsgis