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Länsstyrelsen Västra Götalands län 1
CALUXCALUX--monitoringmonitoring for for biotabiota and and
sediment in Swedensediment in SwedenFredrik Gunnarsson
Ecotoxicologist
County administrative board of Västra Götaland
Government
Organization
Swedish EPA Geological survey ofSweden (SGU)
County administration boards
Municipalities
Competent authourities ofriver basin districts
Water organizationsLocal knowledge
Southern Baltic
Bothnian sea
Bothnian bay
Västerhavet
Northern Baltic
Expertize in different areas
Guides authorities of river basin districts and county
administration boards
Collaboration
6 years cycles
Define environmental standards and goals
Produce intervention programs
Monitoring and screening
Producemanagement plan and report
Map and analyze
The competent authority of river basin district of Skagerak/Kategatt
The county administration board ofVästra Götaland
© Lantmäteriet
The County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland works sector comprehensive
• The County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland has a variety of competences and can give balanced an
comprehensive opinions on complex issues
• The activities cover many different fields, such as integration,
cultural heritage, spatial planning, environmental protection, equal opportunities, animal welfare, nature and water
conservation
County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland
• 49 municipalities
• 1,5 million inhabitants
• 17 % of Sweden’s population
• 66 inhabitants / square kilometre
• 24,000 square kilometre land
territory
• 6 percent of Sweden’s area
The County Administrative Board ofVästra Götaland has offices in eight locations
Länsstyrelsen Västra Götalands län 2
Organization for the County administration boards
Total numberDoes not comply
Lakes 7232 63
Rivers 15563 73
Coast 602 69
Transitionalwaters 21 4
Water bodies 23 418 209
Status in Sweden
Chemical status
© Lantmäteriet
© Lantmäteriet
Red: At risk without monitoring
Green: At risk with monitoring
Light green: Monitored water bodies
National monitoring programs of prioritycompounds
73 % of the water bodies at risk, are not monitored in the national program!
Need in cost-efficient screening methods
• Vast amount of toxicants
– Reveal the actual problem
– Deselect those that are not likely to
cause an effect
– Mixture effects
• Monitoring usually very costly
• Most relevant compartment?
Guidance document
• Produce and verify the document
• County administration board of Blekinge
• How to perform operational monitoring
– Choosing sampling point
– Which substances to monitor
– Which compartment
– How often
– Reporting and analysizing the data
Contact Fredrik Andreasson, County administration board of Blekinge for more info:[email protected]
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Monitored stations
© Lantmäteriet
Länsstyrelsen Västra Götalands län 3
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LeachateLaxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
Monitored stations
© Lantmäteriet
Sediment
Mussel Water
Sediment analysesLaxsjön, Bohuskusten, Örebro, Dalarna
Leachate
Context, Laxsjön
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
• Paper mills• Waste water treatment plants• Lumber mills (with
impregnation)
• Historical pollution
Laxsjön: Many chemicalanalyses to compare CALUX results
© Lantmäteriet
Laxsjön - Performed analyses Detected priority compounds Zink, Zn Nonylfenoldietoxylat
Tributyltenn, TBT* C14-C17 Chloroparaffines Monooktyltenn
Pentaklorfenol Pyrene Tetrabutyltenn
Nonylfenol* Phenanthrene Pentaklorbensen (som OKB/PK)
Di-(2-etylhexyl)ftalat (DEHP) Benz(a)anthracene Monoklorbensen
Antracen* Dibenz(a,h)anthracene Monofenyltenn, MPT
Benzo(ghi)perylen Fluoren Hexaklorbensen
Benzo(a)pyren Perfluoroktanoid sy ra (PFOA) Dioktyltenn
Fluoranten Perfluoroktane-sulfonamid (PFOSA) Di-n-butylftalat
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyren Perfluornonanoid syra (PFNA) Dimetylftalat
Naftalen Perfluorhexanoid syra (PFHxA) Diklorbensener (summa)
Benzo(k)fluoranten Perfluorhexan sulfonat (PFHxS) Di-iso-nonylftalat
Benzo(b/j)fluoranten Perfluordodekan sy ra (PFDoA) Di-iso-decylftalat
Bly, Pb Perfluordekan sulfonat (PFDS) Difeny ltenn; DPT
Kadmium, Cd* Perfluorheptanoid syra (PFHpA) Dietylftalat
Kvicks ilver, Hg* Perfluordekanoid syra (PFDA) Butylbensylftalat
Nickel, Ni Perfluorbutansulfonat (PFBS) 4-klorfenol
Dioxins and dioxinlike PCBs Acenaphthylene 3-klorfenol
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) Acenaphthene 3,5-diklorfenol
Non detected priority compounds Nonylfenolmonoetoxylat 3,4-diklorfenol
P-tert-oktylfenol Monobutyltenn, MBT 3,4,5-trik lorfenol
Triklorbensen Di-n-oktylftalat 2-klorfenol
Total C10-C13Klorparaffin* Dibuty ltenn, DBT 2,6-diklorfenol
CALUX tests Krysen 2,4+2,5-diklorfenol
Anti AR CALUX Torrsubstans 2,4,6-trik lorfenol
DR CALUX TOC beräknat 2,4,5-trik lorfenol
ER CALUX Glödförlust 2,3-diklorfenol
PAH CALUX 2,3,6-trik lorfenol
PPAR CALUX Non detec ted "other compounds" 2,3,5-trik lorfenol
Detected "other compounds" Total C14-C17 2,3,5,6-tetraklorfenol
Arsenik, As Triklorbensener (summa) 2,3,4-trik lorfenol
Barium, Ba Trifenyltenn, TPT 2,3,4,6-tetraklorfenol.
Kobolt, Co Tricyklohexyltenn 2,3,4,5-tetraklorfenol
Vanadin, V C10- to C13-Chloroparaffines Diklorbensen (3 st)
Koppar, Cu Total 16 EPA-PAH 1,2,3,5-/1,2,4,5-Tetraklorbensen
Krom, Cr Tetraklorbensener (summa) 1,2,3,4-Tetraklorbensen
Analyzed compounds and CALUX tests
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DR CALUX
The situation in Laxsjön
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
Numerous chemicalanalyses to compare results
© Lantmäteriet
Laxsjön, sediment
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∑TEQChemical analyses (WHO-TEQ, blue) compared with DR CALUX (green)
Comparing chemical results with DR CALUX results
© Lantmäteriet
Länsstyrelsen Västra Götalands län 4
Laxsjön, sediment
Comparing chemical results with PAH CALUX results
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B(a)P TEQ
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PAH_CALUX
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B(a)P TEQ
© Lantmäteriet
Results, AR and Era CALUX
Laxsjön
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< LOQ
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AR CALUX
ERa CALUX
Tolerable levels?
DR CALUX, highest response in Grycken
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
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© Lantmäteriet
Context, Dalarna, Grycken
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
• Earlier tests of fish, sediment and
passive samplers indicated exposure
from organic compounds
• Paper mill
• Waste disposals
Leachate
© Lantmäteriet
Laxsjön Bohuskusten Örebro Dalarna
Results, PAH CALUX
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PAH CALUX
© Lantmäteriet
Länsstyrelsen Västra Götalands län 5
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PPARg2
Results, PPARg2 CALUX
Laxsjön Bohuskusten Örebro Dalarna
< LOD
Context, Dalarna, Svartån and Forssjön
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
• Pulp mill
• Water treatment plant
Leachate © Lantmäteriet
Context, Bohuskusten, coast
Laxsjön Bohuskusten (coast) Örebro Dalarna
Mussel
Nature reserve areas
Leachate
1. Lars Förlin, 2008.
2. Jonathan Hammar, 2011. Marine
monitoring
© Lantmäteriet
• Deformed eelpoutoffsprings1 and stressed mussels2
• Mussel analyses
• Large chemical industries
• Landfill
• Harbors
Mussel analyses, Bohuskusten (coast)
Screenshot from google maps:
Large chemicalindustries
Mussel analyses, Bohuskusten (coast)
© Lantmäteriet
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AR_CALUX1 µg flutamide eq./g product
DR_CALUX1 pg 2,3,7,8-TCDD TEQ/g product
Era_CALUX1 ng 17ß-estradiol eq./gr product
PAH_CALUX1 ng B(a)P eq./gr product
PPARg2 ng Rosiglitazone eq./g product
Mussel analyses, Bohuskusten (coast)
© Lantmäteriet
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DR CALUX and chemical analyses of TEQ
DR CALUX
Chemical analysis TEQ
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Station 1Station 3Station 5
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Chemical and in vitro results
TEQ_kemisk
TEQ_in vitro
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Lysosomal membrane stability (LMS)
Status Medelretentionstid
Healthy > 120 min
Stressed but compensating 50 – 120 min
Severely stressed < 50 min
PCB mussel
Mussel analyses, Bohuskusten (coast)Conclusions
• High correlation between dioxin chemical analyses and DR CALUX assays.
• Cost-efficient screening
– Good way to reduce gap between required and current
monitoring
– Include other parameters that are missed in chemical
analyses
• Hypothesis generating
• Need in standards or treshold values
Thanks for the attention
[email protected]+46 31-605563
www.lansstyrelsen.se/vastragotaland