labcourse arcmap tutorial

Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying

Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System

Dr. rer. nat. Steffen Knospe

Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying Department of Mine Surveying und Geoinformation

Clausthal University of Technology

Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 2 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System


A short introduction to ArcMap

ArcGIS ArcMap - ArcToolbox Select Feature To Polygon Calculate Areas Add Field/Delete Field Calculate Field



Start ArcMap

You could open this program from the Start-List

Or direct from a *.mxd file

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Zoom Out Zoom In

Fixed Zoom Out Fixed Zoom In

Full Extent

Select Elements

Tools

Identity

Measure

view menu

View Toolbars Tools

Pan

zoom, pan, identify, measure, select

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Layer

activate the box to make the layer visible

view menu

Window Table Of Contents

build up a new group layer and group layers there (drag & drop).

add data

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How do I change the colour and the symbol of a feature?

double click

or right mouse click on Quartzite

Properties

Symbology

(the transparency can be defined withinDisplay)

Layer

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Layer ->Properties

Name in Legend

transparency Appearance in the map

Label with thematic information

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Vectorlayer -> Properties -> Symbology

Single symbol Symbols for single values

Graduated symbols

Numbre of classes

Change classification

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Rasterlayer -> Properties -> Symbology

single values classes

color space

Manually insert, change, delete

colors

Type of classification

In option unique values, with optional background color

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open an attribute table

Attribute Table

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example in the data set roads there are different types of roads. In the attribute

table there is the attribute STRASSEN_I where this information is stored (2 = street, 3 = main road, 4 = Highway).

identify

All streets Type 2 only (STRASSEN_I=2)

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Add Data source in ArcCatalog

Connect to folder

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ArcCatalog - Change to destination directory - Right mouse button in the directory-> New ->Shapefile

Create new vector data set new Shape

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Data manipulation

start

stop

Save changes

Snapping options

Change vertices Digitize new feature

Edit Mode Layer selection !!! Attribute table

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add a new field

Attribute Table manipulation

the Editor is located on View 'Toolbars' 'Editor'

or left mouse click on 'Editor Toolbar'

(if necessary)

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Create a new features

choose the right Task and its Target!

Exercise:

Digitize the rivers Saar and Prims from the scanned TK map

first

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Draw graphics and labels

Draw - menu

Text line properties

tools

formatting

color

marker

Textbox Text along a line

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ArcToolbox



where do I find the ArcToolbox?

Arc

Tool

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Feature To Polygon

'Data Management Tools' >> 'Features'

Arc

Tool

box

Principle Creates an output polygon feature class from input line and/or polygon features.



Principle Calculates the size for each feature in a polygon feature class.

Calculate Areas

'Spatial Statistics Tools' >> 'Utilities'

Arc

Tool

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Calculate area for each quartzite body

example

before calculation after calculation

Calculate Areas

Attribute Table:

Arc

Tool

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Principle Adds a field to the table of a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog. Deletes one or more fields from a table of a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog.

Add Field/Delete Field

Data Management Tools >> Fields

Arc

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To add a new field named 'Geology' in an attribute table.

example

before the field is added after the field is added

Add Field/Delete Field

Attribute Table:

Arc

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Principle Calculates the values of a field for a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog. The input table will be modified, so make a copy if you want to preserve your original information.

Calculate Field

'Data Management Tools' >> 'Fields'

Arc

Tool

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To write this keyword 'Quartzite' in the field 'Geology'.

example

before calculation

after calculation

Calculate Field

Attribute Table:

Arc

Tool

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Selection tools

Select by attribute

Select by location

Arc

Tool

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Select

'Analysis Tools' >> 'Extract'

Principle

Extracts features from an input feature class or input feature layer and stores them in a new output feature class. The output feature class may be created with a subset of features based on a Structured Query Language (SQL) expression.

Arc

Tool

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example The roads are divided in three types: small road, federal road and

highway, which have diverse influences on an open pit mining. According to the coefficient 'STRASSEN_I (road identity)' we can select all features of a certain type ('2' = small road, '3' = federal road, '4' = highway).

New layer from selection

all roads only the small ones ('STRASSEN_I'=2)

Arc

Tool

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Proximity operations

and neighborhood functions operate on surrounding area of the feature-location, allowing to investigate buffer zones around features and spreading effects if features are a source of something.

Buffer

Arc

Tool

box



Buffer is a zone outside (around) a map feature measured in units of distance, it is used to define spatial proximity. polygon line point polygon buffer setback/ skeleton

Examples: Environmental impact analysis requiring delineation of a buffer zone around an oil refinery or a drilling site Property search to find all parcels within a specified distance of a planned pipeline

Buffer

Arc

Tool

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Buffers are created separately for each feature as region buffers or globally for all features as a single (multi-) polygon buffer buffer setback/ skeleton buffer region polygon buffer

And in different shapes (with respect to a certain metric)

Buffer

Arc

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example

Near a city the establishment of an open pit mine is hardly impossible. We could create a polygon with a defined radius so as to consider this as a rule.

Buffer

city location buffer around the city with a radius of 500m

Arc

Tool

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Analysis Tools >> Proximity

Principle

Creates buffer polygons to a specified distance around the Input Features. An optional dissovle can be performed to remove overlapping buffers.

Buffer

Arc

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Buffer in ArcGIS

Buffer

Arc

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Analysis Tools/ Data Management Tools/ General/ Merge

Merge

Principle

Combines input features from multiple input sources (same type) into a new, single output feature class.

Arc

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Editor Tools/ Merge

Merge

Principle

Combines within a feature class selected features into a single output feature: - geometrical extension is the union area - definition for contradictory attributes. Ar

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The standard overlay operator for polygons is the polygon intersection operator. The result of this operator is either a or a of all possible polygon intersections; the attribute table result is a join of the input attribute tables

polygon intersection is also called spatial join.

Polygon overlay functions

polygon union set

polygon identity set

polygon intersection set

Arc

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Example for a polygon intersection operator.


Arc

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The second operator is the polygon clipping operator. restricts the spatial extent to the generalized outer boundary from all polygons

in a second input layer (polygon subset) (no other polygon boundaries from the second layer is used). Third is polygon overwrite. the second layer polygons take priority it creates a polygon union set. (special ArcGIS-type: Erase second layer polygons are empty data sets)


Arc

Tool

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Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ UNION

Union

Principle

Combines input features from multiple input sources (same type) into a new, single output feature class.

Computes a geometric overlay cutting all features with all feature boundaries. All separate parts become features and are written to the Output Feature Class with the attributes from all the Input Features, which it overlaps.

Arc

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example Union of buffered areas: existing ground water protection area" and planned ground water protection area (water_protection_area.shp, water_protection_area_planned.shp)

Union

+ =

planned ground water protection areas

existing ground water protection areas

result after Union

Arc

Tool

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Principle Computes a geometric intersection of all input features in all input feature classes. Only features from the intersection set (all that overlap) are written to the output feature class.

Intersect

Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ INTERSECT

Arc

Tool

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Principle Creates a feature class by overlaying the Input Features with the polygons of the Erase Features. Only those portions of the Input Feature falling outside the Erase Features outside boundaries are copied to the Output Feature Class.

Erase

Arc

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Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ ERASE



To remove consideration areas from the Quartzite areas .

Erase

example

- =

quarzite areas consideration areas result

Arc

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To separate quartzite areas from each other after Erase.

example

before separation: one polygon selected

after separation: the same polygon selected

Multipart to Singlepart

Arc

Tool

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labcourse arcmap tutorial

Documents

surveying department

surveying layer properties

short introduction

thematic information

fixed zoom

withindisplay layer

quartzite properties

new group layer