Lab Exercise 7

Appendicular Skeleton

Portland Community CollegeBI 231

2

• Upper & Lower extremities

• Shoulder Girdle

• Pelvic Girdle

Appendicular Skeleton

The Upper Extremity

• The pectoral girdle consists of a ring of bone formed by the two clavicles and scapulae.

• It is completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum it is incomplete posteriorly.

3

4

Scapula

5

Scapula: Posterior ViewAcromion

6

Scapula: Anterior ViewCoracoid Process

7

Glenoid Fossa

8

Scapula: Posterior ViewSpine

9

Scapula: Posterior ViewSupraspinous Fossa

10

Scapula: Posterior ViewInfraspinous Fossa

11

Scapula: Anterior ViewSubscapular Fossa

12

Clavicle

13

Humerus

14

Humerus: Proximal End

Head: Above the epiphyseal line

Anterior Medial Posterior

Intertubercular groove

Greater tubercleLesser tubercle

Anatomical Neck Surgical neck

15

Deltoid Tuberosity

16

Trochlea (Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

17

Capitulum (Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

18

Olecranon Fossa(Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

19

Medial Epicondyle(Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

20

Lateral Epicondyle (Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

21

Radial Fossa (Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

22

Coronoid Fossa(Distal Humerus)

Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior

23

Humerus: Distal End/Anterior

Trochlea

Capitulum

Radial fossaCoronoid Fossa

Medial Epicondyle

Lateral Epicondyle

Lateral Supracondylar Ridge

Medial Supracondylar Ridge

24

Humerus: Distal End/Posterior

Trochlea

Olecranon Fossa

Medial Epicondyle Lateral

Epicondyle

25

Radius

• “Rotates”

• On the thumb side of the forearm

26

Radius: Head

27

Radial Tuberosity

28

Ulnar Notch of the Radius

29

Ulnar Notch of the Radius

30

Radius: Interosseous Ridge

31

Styloid Process of the Radius

32

RadiusAnterior

Posterior

Radial Head

RadialTuberosity

Ulnar Notch Interosseous ridgeStyloid process

Distal Proximal

33

Head of the Ulna (Distal End)

34

Styloid Process of the Ulna(Distal End)

35

Olecranon Process (Ulna Posterior View)

36

Olecranon Process (Ulna)

37

Coronoid Process (Ulna Anterior View)

38

Trochlear Notch (Ulna)

39

Radial Notch of the Ulna

40

Interosseous Ridge (Ulna)

41

Ulna

Anterior

Lateral

HeadStyloid Process

Trochlear Notch

Coranoid Process

OlecranonSupinator Crest

Interosseous ridge

42

Scaphoid

DorsalView

PalmView

43

Lunate

DorsalView

PalmView

44

Triquetrum

DorsalView

PalmView

45

PisiformPalmView

46

Trapezium

DorsalView

PalmView

47

Trapezoid

DorsalView

PalmView

48

Capitate

DorsalView

PalmView

49

Hamate

DorsalView

PalmView

50

MetacarpalsPalmView

1

2 3 4

5

51

Distal Phalanges

52

Proximal Phalanges

53

Middle Phalanges

The Lower Extremity

• The hip extends from the superior margin of the coxal (os coxae or hip bone) bone to the hip joint.

• It contains the pelvic girdle which is a ring of bone formed by the two coxal bones.

• Articulate at pubic symphysis anteriorly and sacrum posteriorly

54

55

Os Coxae (Hipbones)

Ilium

Ishium

Pubic Bone

56

Iliac Crest

57

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

58

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

59

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine

60

Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine

61

Greater Sciatic Notch (Ilium)

62

Iliac Fossa

63

Sacroiliac Joint

64

Articular Surface Of Ilium(Articulates with Sacrum)

65

Arcuate Line (Ilium)

66

Ischial Spine

67

Ischial Tuberosity

68

Lesser Sciatic Notch (Ischium)

69

Ischial Ramus

70

Pubic Crest

71

Superior Ramus (Pubis)

72

Inferior Ramus (Pubis)

73

Pubic Arch

74

Male Pelvis

75

Female Pelvis

76

Pubic Symphysis (Fibrocartilage)

77

Obturator Foramen

78

Acetabulum

79

Fovea Capitus (Head of Femur)

80

Femur

81

Head of Femur

82

Neck of Femur

83

Greater Trochanter (Femur)

84

Lesser Trochanter (Femur)

85

Gluteal Tuberosity(Posterior Femur)

86

Linea Aspera (Posterior Femur)

87

Medial and Lateral Supracondylar ridges

88

Medial Epicondyle (Femur)

89

Lateral Epicondyle (Femur)

90

Medial Condyle (Posterior Femur)

91

Lateral Condyle (Posterior Femur)

92

Intercondylar Fossa (Posterior Femur)

93

Adductor Tubercle (Femur)

94

Patellar Surface (Anterior Femur)

95

Medial Articular Surface of Patella(For medial condyle of femur)

96

Lateral Articular Surface of Patella (For Lateral condyle of femur)

97

Tibia

98

Medial Condyle of the Tibia

Anterior Posterior

99

Lateral Condyle of the Tibia

Anterior Posterior

100

Intercondylar Eminence (Tibia)

Anterior Posterior

101

Tibial Tuberosity

Anterior Posterior

102

Medial Malleolus (Tibia)

103

Fibula

104

Head of Fibula

105

Lateral Malleolus (Distal)

106

Fibular Articular Surface for the Talus

107

Ankle and Foot

108

Talus

109

Calcaneus

110

Cuboid

111

Navicular

112

Cuneiform

1. Lateral

2. Intermediate

3. Medial1 2

3

113

Metatarsals

1234

5

The Knee

• Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

• Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

• Lateral meniscus• Medial meniscus• Patellar ligament• Quadriceps tendon

114

The Knee

• Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

• Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

115

116

The End