lab 18 –urinary system urinary system - indiana university · lab 18 –urinary system urinary...
TRANSCRIPT
UrinarySystemLab18– UrinarySystem
A560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. SummaryFig19‐13,Junqueira,13th ed.
Learning Objectives
1. Understand the organization of the kidney into lobes and lobules and theirrelationship to cortical and medullary areas.
2. Understand the arterial input and venous drainage through the kidney’smicrovasculature.
3. Understand the structure of the renal corpuscle, including podocytes, and theultrastructure of the glomerular filter.
4. Understand the locations of the various parts of the nephron with respect tocortex and medulla.
5. Identify all parts of the nephron and collecting ducts in histological sections andunderstand how the structures of the different regions correspond to theirfunctions.
6. Recognize the structure and know the function of the juxtaglomerularapparatus.
7. Identify the key structural features of the ureter, bladder, and urethra.
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Keywords
afferent arteriolearcuate arteriesarcuate veinsBowman’s spacecalyxcollecting ductcollecting tubulecortexdistal convoluted tubuleefferent arteriolefoot processesglomerular capsuleglomerulushilumjuxtaglomerular apparatusjuxtaglomerular cellskidneylacis cellsloop of Henle
macula densamedullamesangial cellsnephronperitubular capillarypodocytesproximal convoluted tubulerenal capsulerenal corpusclesrenal papillarenal pelvisthick ascending limbthin limbureterurethraurinary bladderurinary epitheliumvasa recta
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichromelookhereforthecapsule
renalpelvis linedwithtransitionalepithelium(withsurroundingCT&adipose=renalhilum)
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide111:Kidney,H&E
renalpapilla
medulla
cortexhilum
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide111:Kidney,H&E
arcuatearteryandvein(bloodinlumen)atborderbetweencortexandmedulla
medulla
cortex
medulla
cortex
Blood flow through kidney:Renal artery segmental aa. interlobar aa. (between pyramids of medulla) arcuate aa. (betweenmedulla/cortex) interlobular aa. (in cortex) afferent arteriole glomerulus efferent arteriole peritubular capillaries / vasa recta interlobular vv.…
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
renalcorpuscles
medullaryrays“extensions of medulla”into cortex; they consistof collecting tubules andducts draining nephronslocated higher in cortex;distinguished by absenceof renal corpusclesm
edulla
cortex
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
glomeruli(capillarynetworks)withinBowman’scapsule ofcorpuscles
bulkofparenchymabetweencorpusclesisfilledwithtubules;cortexconsistsmainlyofPCTswithasmallernumberofDCTsandcollectingtubules
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
Bowman’scapsule
(parietallayerofsimplesquamous
epithelium)
[vascular pole]
[urinary pole]
afferentarteriole(largerlumen)
efferentarteriole(smallerlumen)
PCT
maculadensa(specializedDCT)
(viscerallayerofpodocytes)
PCT
PCTglomerulus
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
afferentarteriole
extraglomerularmesangial (Lacis)cellsformconicalmasscontinuouswithmesangium ofglomerulusandboundedbyafferentandefferentarterioleswithbaserestingonmaculadensa;cellsareflatandelongated;functionisunclear
maculadensaspecializedepithelialcellsofdistalconvolutedtubule;betweenarterioles;epithelialcellsaretallerandnucleiaresituatedmoreapicallythaninrestofDCT;cellsaresensitiveto[Na+]
Juxtaglomerular(JG)cellmodifiedsmoothmusclescellsofwallofafferentarteriole;clusteraroundarteriolebeforeitentersglomerulus(containsreningranules)
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA): specialization of afferent arteriole and distalconvoluted tubule (of same nephron); involved in regulation of systemic blood pressure
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
capillaryendothelialcelldark,elongatednucleiaroundlumenofcapillaries
(intraglomerular)mesangialcellsdistinguishedasnucleiwithinmesangium(basementmembrane‐likematerial);pericyte‐like,secretematrix,andphagocytic
podocyteslarge,round,palenuclei;separatethenetworkofcapillariesintheglomerulusfromBowman'sspace;processessurroundthecapillariesandformfiltrationslits
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
proximalconvolutedtubule(PCT)emergefromurinarypoleofcorpuscle;lumeniscontinuouswithBowman’sspaceandepitheliumiscontinuouswithepitheliumofparietallayerofBowman’scapsule
simplecuboidalepitheliumwithtallmicrovilli(brushborder);roundnucleiwithprominentnucleoli;intensely‐stainingcytoplasm;prominentbasallamina;lumenoftenappearsclosed;surroundedbyrichsupplyofcapillaries
PCTislongerthanDCT,somajorityoftubulesseenincortexarePCT
PCT
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
distalconvolutedtubule(DCT)continuationofthickascendinglimbofloopofHenle;formmaculadensaatvascularpoleofcorpuscle
lackmicrovilli;generallyhavelarger,clearlydefinedlumen;morenucleipercrosssection(DCTcellsaresmallerthanPCTcells);palercytoplasmthanPCT
DCTismuchshorterthanPCT,sosectionsofDCTaremuchlessnumerousthanPCT
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
afferent arteriolebringsbloodtoglomerulus;generallyhaslargerdiameterlumenthanefferentarteriole;itisoftendifficulttodistinguishbetweenafferentandefferentarterioles
efferentarteriolebringsbloodtoglomerulus;hassmallerdiameterlumenthanafferentarteriole,somaintainsfiltrationpressureinglomerulus;bloodwillcontinuefromefferentarterioletoperitubularcapillaries andvasarecta
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
peritubularcapillaryfromefferentarteriolesofcorpuscleextensivenetworkaroundtubules,especiallyPCTsoreabsorbedglomerularfiltrate(~65%)isreturnedtovasculature
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
medulla:NOrenalcorpuscles,lotsoftubes
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
thick(ascending)limbfromthinlimbandconnectingtoDCTcuboidalepitheliumwhichlacksbrushborder;roundlumen;similarappearancetoDCT
thinlimbsimplesquamousepitheliumdifferentiatedfromvasarectabyregularroundshapeandlackofRBCsinlumen
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
collectingtubule orconnectingsegment
connectDCTtocollectingduct
descendfromcortextomedullainmedullary
rays
similartothicklimbsbutarewiderandless
regularinshape
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
collectingductformedfromseveralcollectingtubules;draintopapillaryductswhichopenattipsofrenalpapillaelargediameter;pale‐stainingcolumnarepithelium;prominentlateralbordersbetweenadjacentepithelialcellscanusuallybeseen
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide111:Kidney,H&E
renalpapilla
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide111:Kidney,H&E
papillaryductsductsofBellinifromcollectingducts
minorcalyx
transitionalepithelium
renalpapilla
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide14:Kidney,Trichrome
thicklimbs
thinlimbs
collectingducts
collectingtubule
vasarecta
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide48:Ureter,H&E
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide48:Ureter,H&E
transitionalepithelium(urinaryepithelium)
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide48:Ureter,H&E
lumenlinedbytransitionalepithelium
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide48:Ureter,H&E
Ureter is composed of mucosa, muscularis, and adventitia; the muscularis has two layers: innerlongitudinal and outer circular (a third outer longitudinal layer appears at the distal end as itjoins with the urinary bladder) – note the difference in the fiber orientations vs. in the GI tract
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide16:Aorta,VenaCava,Ureter,LN
ureter
noticetheverythick,prominentlaminapropria
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide12:UrinaryBladder,MassonTrichrome
mucosa forms prominent rugae in relaxed state
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide12:UrinaryBladder,MassonTrichrome
Paciniancorpuscle(inhumans?)
Three layers of muscularis collectively compose detrusor muscle: inner longitudinal, outercircular, and outermost longitudinal; however, the layers are often difficult to distinguish
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide109:Penis,H&E
urethra
urinaryepithelium(variable)
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
Slide12:UrinaryBladder,MassonTrichromeSlide16:Aorta,VenaCava,Ureter,LN
TroublewithTubesUretervs.UrinaryBladder
basic organization of ureter (especially distal 1/3) and urinary bladder are the same; the key to differentiatingthem is to appreciate:1. Difference in size: notice the urinary epithelium lining the lumens, while comparable thickness in both
slides, it appears much thinner in the urinary bladder because the image is much more “zoomed out” asthe urinary bladder is a larger structure; in the ureter, individual nuclei can be seen in the epithelium,demonstrating a more “zoomed in” magnification level and an overall smaller structure
2. Mucosa of the urinary bladder often appears more much folded (rugae) when relaxed than in the ureter
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
TroublewithTubesUretervs.Urethra
Slide109:Penis,H&ESlide16:Aorta,VenaCava,Ureter,LN
1. Ureter has adventitia and is often surrounded by adipose; urethra is embedded within the CT of thesurrounding organ, generally the penis or vagina
2. Urethra contains small mucous glands in the surrounding CT3. Ureter is lined by transitional epithelium; urethra is generally lined with pseudostratified columnar
epithelium (or transitional) that transitions to stratified squamous at the external urethral orifice4. Ureter has pronounced muscularis layer
Lab18– UrinarySystemA560– Fall2015
I. IntroductionII. LearningObjectivesIII. SlidesandMicrographs
A.Kidney1. Generalstructure2. Cortexa. Corpuscleb. Proximalconvolutedtubulec. Distalconvolutedtubuled. Vasculature1. Afferentarteriole2. Efferentarteriole3. Peritubularcapillaries
3. Medullaa. LoopofHenleb. Collectingtubulec. Collectingductd. Renalpapillae. Vasculature1. Vasarecta
B. UreterC. UrinaryBladderD. Urethra
IV. Summary
EMstoExamine
Fig19‐5:PodocyteFig19‐6:FiltrationbarrierFig19‐7:MesangiumFig19‐10:ProximalconvolutedtubuleFig19‐11:Thinlimbversusvasarecta
Segment Location Characteristics Function AssociatedVasculature
Proximalconvolutedtubule
Parsrecta(descendingthick)
Thinlimb(descending/ascending)
Ascending thicklimb
Distalconvoluted tubule
Collectingtubule
Collectingduct
Papillary duct
Lab18:CharacteristicsofSegmentsofUriniferous Tubule