la vegetazione del comprensorio del monte peglia

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9

Rkbartk Uaì`zk`lDi`lahi Clci`ta

Hi uacatizlkà

dah gknvra`wkrlk

dah Nk`ta Vachli

Yqidar`l d l Adqgizlkà Inbla`tihaVrkul`gli d l Tar`l

Q`luarwltæ dachl Wtqd ldl Varqcli

Nl`lwtark d ahh“Inbla`taa Tqtahi d ah Tarrltkr lk

Hibkritkrlk Tarrltkrlihadl Adqgizlkà Inbla`tiha



2

L`dlrlzzk dachl iqtkrl?R Uaì` zk`l( D Clci` taDlv d l Blkhkcli uacatiha a Blktag`khkcla icrkinbla`tihl a zkktag`lgmaQ`luarwltæ dachl Wtqd l dl VarqcliBkrck ]] clqc` k( 34 . 65929 Varqcli

a.nilh? ruaì`zkFq` lvclt

Raihlzzitk gk` lh gk`trlbqtk d ah Vrkcrinn i L@EAIRaclkà dahh“Qnbrli 2662.2667

Vrkul`gli d l Tarr` lWarulzlk Vqbbhlgi Lwtrqzlkà a Q`luarwltæ

Hibkritkrlk Tarrltkrliha dl Adqgizlkà Inbla`tihaUli Vhl`lk lh Clkuià( 29 . 61966 Tar`ltah? 6344 4=7 174+ 17<+ 155ei}? 6344 4=7 122a.nilh? hibadq inbFvrkul`glitar`lltss svrkul`glitar`llt+ adq gizlkàinbla`tihaDlrlca`ta? Dktt Hqglk Dah Gkr`òRawvk`wiblha? Dkttwwi I`ì Dl I`tk`lk



7

Vrawa`tizlkà

Var qì bqkì ‘vkhltlgi„ d ah tarrltkrlk( `k` wk` k wqeelgla`tl ha haccl dl tq tahi

inbla`tiha wa virihhahina`ta `k` l`tarua`ck`k l`lzlitlua dl adqgizlkà ihh“in.

bla`ta biwita wq q` i gk`kwga`zi tag`lgk.wgla`tlelgi dah vitrlnk`lk in bla`tiha wq

gql l rackhina`tl wl ivvhlgi`k Yqawti vqbbhlgizlkà iua`ta var irckna`tk ‘Hi

Uacatizlkà dah Gknvra`wkrlk dah Nk`ta Vachli„ í wtiti gqriti d ihhi Dkttwwi Di.

`lahi Clci`ta gk` hi wq varulwlkà dah Vrke Rkbartk Uaì`zk`l d ah Dlv d l Blkhkcli

Uacatiha a Blktag`khkcla Icrkin bla`ti hl a _kktag`lgma dahh“Q`luarwltæ d achl Wtqdl

dl Varqcli( a wl biwi wq wtqdl ehkrlwtlgk.uacatizlkìhl trla`ìhl gknvlqtl var h“ahibk.

rizlkà dl q` Dkttkri tk dl rlgargi

H“lnvkrti`zi d ahhi gk`kwga`zi tag`lgk.wgla`tlelgi d ah vitrln k`lk ìtqriha di

virta dachl A`tl hkgihl ekr`lwga qì bqk` i biwa dl vir ta`zi var ittluira vkhltlgma dl

wihuicqird li( gk`waruizlkà a vrkcattizlkà wkwta`lblha dah tarrltkrlk( hi vrawa`ti.

zlkà d l ditl wgla`tlelgl l` gmliua dld ittlgk.dluqhcitlui varn atta hi gk`kwga`zi d ah.

ha rlwkrwa ìtqrihl i tq ttl l hluahhl gqhtqrihl( a `k` wkhk ichl iddattl il hiukrl? yqawtk

vqò wkhk eiukrlra hi gknvra`wlkà dahh“lnvkrti`zi dahhi gk`waruizlkà dah vitrl.

nk` lk inbla`tiha a hi ekrnizlkà d l qì gkwgla`zi d l rlwvattk a d l qwk wkwta`lblha

dahha r lwkrwa

Yqawtk gk`trlbqtk ui id irrlggmlra hi Gkhhiì ‘Wtrqna`tl var h“Adqgizlkà In.bla`tiha„ vrkn kwwi dih Hibkritkr lk Tarrltkrliha d l Adqgizlkà Inbla`tiha vrawa`.

ta ihh“l`tar`k dahh“Iwwawwkritk ihhi Vq bbhlgi Lwtrqzlkà a Q`luarwltæ d ahhi Vrku l`gli

dl Tar`l( gma mi clæ ulwtk hi vqbbhlgizlkà dl qì cqldi il vargkrwl dl adqgizlkà

inbla`tiha vrawa`tl wqh tarrltkrlk a dl q` gk`trlbqtk wq hhi v radlwvkwlzlkà dl wqv .

vkr tl dldittlgl var givlra h“inbla`ta gma gl glrgk`d i

Awvrlnlink tqttk lh `kwtrk rl`crizlina`tk var lh gk`trlbqtk gma hi Dkttwwi

Clci`ta a lh Vrke Uaì`zk`l mi``k ukhqtk nattara i dlwvkwlzlkà d l tqttl gkhkrk gma

dawldari`k iuulglìrwl ihhi gk`kwga`zi dah vitrlnk`lk uacatiha vrawa`ta àhGknvra`wkrlk dah Nk`ta Vachli

Irgm Clqwavva Gmliàhhi

Iwwawwkra ihhi Vqbbhlgi Lwtrqzlkà a Q`luarwltæ

Vrkul`gli dl Tar`l

Vrawa`

tizlkà



4



1

L`trkd

qzlkà

a

Viawicclk

elwlgk

Vranawwi

Ha rlgargma bkti` lgma rahitlua ih gknv ra`wkrlk dah N Vachli k` wk`k qn ark.wa Clæ Gihawti`l -9<63, gknna`tiui àh wqk gk`trlbqtk ihhi uacatizlkà d al dl`.tkr`l dl Kru latk ‘ Ha ihta zkà dah wlwtani gkhhlìra dah Vachli( kua h“akgaà a lh clqrawa

vra`dk`k lh vkwtk dahha wibbla vhlkga`lgma( k` eqrk`k di na awvhkrita gma nkhtk lnvareatti.

na`ta @a í gkhvi h“awwar yqahha raclk`l nkhtk dlwti`tl di Krulatk( dlwiblhltita( wa zi vkwwl.

blhltæ( `ì dl ragirulwl gknkdina`ta( `ì dl gknkdina`ta wkcclkrìrul„ Lèkrnizlk`lwqhha wvagla uacatihl vrawa`tl wk`k dadqglblhl dil dluarwl gk`trlbqtl( wli i hluahhkraclkìha gma hkgiha( d l Bitahhl -9==5( 9==3( 9===, Bahhl`l -9=<<,( Gihawti` l -9<63,(Birwi hl -9<2<.9<77,( Hlvv l.Bk`ginbl -9<12, Ivvkrtl v lü raga`tl wk`k yq ahhl wqhhiEhkri keelglìha -Da Givlta a Na`cml`l( 9<31, a wqhha vlàta dah N Vachli -Na`cml`l9<=9, @achl qhtlnl i``l wk`k wtitl vqbbhlgitl ihgq`l gk`trlbqtl wqhhi blkdluarwltæ d lyqawtk tarrltkrlk -Na`cml`l at ih( 9<<5, a wqchl iwvattl ehkrlwtlgl( eiq`lwtlgl a nlgkhkclgldah tarrltkr lk dah Nk`ta Vachli -Eiràwl at ih( 9<<=,

Lh tarrltkrlk gk`wldaritk vrawa`ti qì rlggmazzi ehkrlwtlgi( uacatizlkìha aviawicclwtlgi ktaukha a làwv hkriti gma i`gkri narlti wtqd l ivvrkek`dltl

H“irai rlwqhti l` cri` virta l`ghqwi àh Wlwtani Tarrltkrliha dl L`tarawwa@itq rihlwtlgk.In bla`ti ha Nk`ta Vachli a Wahui d l Naiì -WTL@I,( lwtltqltk gk`hi HR 4 d ah 97692666

L ditl yql awvkwtl rivvrawa`ti`k qì braua wl`tawl dahha ittqihl gk`kwga`zaehkrlwtlgma a uacatizlkìhl dah N Vachli -Clci`ta( 2669,

H“inbla`ta elwlgk

Lh gknvra`wkrlk dah Nk`ta Vachli í q` tarrltkrlk dihhi nkrekhkcli irtlgkhiti Lhviawicclk elwlgk wl vrawa`ti gkna qì wq ggawwlkà dl gkhhlà d l nkd awti ahauizlkà-hi yqkti nicclkra í ricclq`ti dih N Vachli? =73 n whn, wkhgita di `qnarkwllnvhqul a uihhagkha dl v lggkha d lna`wlk`l

Dih vq`tk dl ulwti ldrkcrielgk h“irai ivvirtlaà l`tarina`ta ih bigl`k dah ETauara Lh gkrwk d“igyqi vrl`glviha í rivvrawa`titk dih T Gmli`l gma( dkvk iuarittriuarwitk gk` gkrwk wl`qkwk ha ekrnizlk`l tarzlirla a`trk ha yqihl mi vrkdkttkq` “i`cq wti a vrkek`d i l`glwlkà( wga`d a rivldin a`ta ih E Vichli gma l`gk`tri v rawwkKru latk( ihhi yqkti d l 999 n whn Lh E Vichli í i wqi ukhti gkèhqa`ta àh E Tauara

Tri l gkrwl d“igyqi nl`krl vqò awwara rlgkrditk lh T Earwl`kà( ieehqa`ta dah E @awtkraH“l`yqidrin a`tk ghlnitlgk dahh“irai ei r learlna`tk ihha wtizlk`l v rawa`tl wli ih.h“l`tar`k dah tarrltkrlk gma l` zkà hlnltrkea -wtizlk`l tarnkvhqulknatrlgma dlKrulatk( Gkrbiri( Ihuli`k Wgihk( Tkdl( Igyqiva`da`ta( Varqcli: wtizlk`lvhqulknatrlgma d l Elgqhha( Nk`tacibblkà( Vrkdk( Eritti Tkdlì( Gkn vlcì` k(Tkrcli`k, -Uaì`zk`l at ih( 9<<=, Wqhhi biwa dahh“ivvhlgizlkà dachl L`dlglBlkghlnitlgl dl Rluiw.Nirtîàz( h“l`tark tar rltkrlk iv virtlaà ih Nigrkblkghlni Tan.varitk( àhh“inbltk dah yqiha nkhtk dleeqwi rlwqhti hi Uirli`ta WqbnadltarriàiTqtti h“irai í gknvrawi àh Vli`k blkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra Chl knbrktlvl rivv rawa`.titl wk`k lh Wqbqnldk a h“Qnldk -Elc 9,

Lh tarrltkrlk rlwqhti n khtk dluarwlelgitk dih vq`tk d l ulwti cakhltkhkclgk( i giqwidahha nkhta a uirla ekrnizlk`l gma ul ieelkri`k gma( l` hlài nkhtk caàriha( vkwwk.



5

L`trkd

qzlkà

a

Viawicclk

elwlgk

`k awwara rlq`lta l` yq ittrk crq vv l? girbkìtlgk( tarrlca`k( vkwt.krkca`lgk a uq hgi.`lgk -Oigkbiggl at ih( 9<36, Lh gknvhawwk girbkìtlgk gknvra`da ha ekrn izlk`l iv.virtaà`tl ihhi warla Qnbrk.Nirgmlcliì( l` virtlgkhira Nilkhlgi( Wgichli rkwiti(Wgichli rkwwi( Wgichli bli`gi( Nirà( gihgirl a gihgirl n ir`kwl d l N Vachli( Wgichliglàrai Ha ekrnizlk`l gihgiraa ieelkri`k l` q ` tarrltkrlk d l awta`wlkà hlnltiti( hk.

gihlzzitk l` gkrrlwvk`da`zi dahha glna d al Ntl Vachli a Vlittk Lh gknvhawwk tarrlca`kl`ghqda ha ekrnizlk`l caàritawl i wacqltk dl vrkgawwl wadlna`tirl dl ìtqri

Elc 9 Dlicrinnl ghlnitlgl dahha wtizlk`l tarnkvhqulknatrlgma a vhqulknatrlgma vrawa`tlihh“l`tar` k dah tarrltkrlk k àhha iraa hlnltrkea

TKDL -499 n whn,

.96

6

96

26

76

46

16

56

C E N I N C H I W K @ D

.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn¶G

266

766

6

26

46

56

=6

966


nn

266

766NK@ TACIBBLK@ A -1<4 n whn ,

6

26

46

56

=6

966


nn

266

766ELGQHHA -473 n w hn,

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn

266

766


TKRCLI@K -29< n whn,

6

26

46

56

=6

966


nn

266

766VRKDK -464 n whn,

6

26

46

56

=6

966


nn

266

766ERITTI TKDL@I -294 n whn,

6

26

46

56

=6

966


nn

266

766GKNVLC@I@K -254 n whn,

IGYQIVA@DA@TA -421 n whn,

.96

6

96

26

76

46


.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn¶G

266

766

16

56

VARQCLI -4<7 n whn,nn

.96

6

96

26

76

46


.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

¶G

266

766

16

56

IHULI@K WGIHK -=< n whn,

.96

6

96

26

76

46


.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn

266

766¶G

16

56

KRULATK -791 n whn ,

.96

6

96

26

76

46


.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn¶G

266

766

16

56

GKRBIRI -99< n whn ,

.96

6

96

26

76

46


.26

6

26

46

56

=6

966

nn¶G

266

766

16

56



3

Iwvattlehkrlwtlg

l

Ehkri

Hi Ehkri dah gknvra`wkrlk dah Nk`ta Vachli wl vrawa`ti n khtk rlggi a dluarwlel.

giti l` rahizlkà ihh“ahauiti uirlatæ dachl inbla`tl vrawa`tl ad ih hkrk wtitk d l gk`.

waruizlkà( caàrihna`ta bqk`k Lh nigrkghlni dahh“irai vrawa`ti girittarlwtlgmadl tri`wlzlkà tri lh Nadltarriàk a lh Tanv aritk a hi ehkri awvr lna ivvla`k yq awti

virtlgkhirltæ gk` hi vrawa`zi d l `qn arkwa a`tltæ wta`k. k aqrl.nadltarri` aa iggi`.

tk id ihtra gk` d leeqwlkà vrauiha`tana`ta ga`trk.aqrkvai

L` gk`wldarizlkà d ahhi braultæ dahhi trittizlkà ulaà rlvkrtk q` aha`gk dahha

a`tltæ vlü wlc`lelgitlua kwwaruita àh tarr ltkrlk Ha wvagla gk`triwwacìta gk` / wk`k

dl `qkui wacìhizlkà var hi Raclkà( na`tra ha wqggawwlua wk`k narltaukhl dl

na`zlkà vargmì rira k l`tarawwi`tl Var gliwgqì dl awwa wl l`dlgi brauana`ta

h“mibltit l` gql wk`k wtita kwwaruita a( l` v ira`tawl( hi gitackrli dl rlwgmlk i gql ua`.

ck`k rlearlta wa l`ghqwa ahhi Hlwti Rkwwi raclkìha d ahha v li`ta d “Ltihli -Gk`tl at i h(

9<<3, L ginvlk`l d “arbirlk wk`k davkwltitl vrawwk h“arbirlk dah Dlvirtlna`tk dlBlkhkcli uacatiha a Blktag`khkcla icrkinbla`ti hl dahh“Q`luarwltæ dl Varqcli

/Ihgai watkwi -Bklww, Ihae? dleeqwi hq`ck l nircl`l wtridihl( dl vrkbiblha dleeqwlkà

i`trkvkcaì:

/Krgmlw i`trkvkvmkri -H, Ihh } Krgmlw wlnli Hin? a`tltæ lbrldi `kti wkhk var lh tarrl.

tkrlk n irgmlcli`k -Grawga`tl`l a Jhiuar( 9<<3,: riri ahha ekrnizlk`l arbigaa wq

iraìrli -Elc 2,:

/Wgkrzkàri mlrwqti H? hkgihlzziti ` al viwgkhl }arlgl wq gihgira dah N Vlittk:

I`dr|ihi l`tacrlekhli H? riri ` achl inbla`tl irldl dlwtq rbitl( wq iraìrli: Iwtarkhl`k` hl`qn.wtahhitqn -H, Dqb|? riri àl vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìrli ieelk.

ri`ta:

Gira} vihhawga`w H? dleeqwi àchl inbla`tl qnldl ih nirclà dahha garrata

nawkigldkelha:

Girvl`qw krla`tihlw Nlhh wwv krla`tihlw? k` erayq a`ta( l` gk`tittk gk` hi haggati( wk.

vrittq ttk àchl lnv hqul:

Ga`tiqrlqn nirltlnqn -H, Erltwgm? riri àl vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìrli -Hlwti Rkw.

wi Raclkìha? HR,:

Ga`tiqrlqn ta`qlehkrqn -Mkeencc at Hj, Erltwgm? riri àhha iraa dl rlwtic`k d “ig.

yqi wq nirà:Grqgliàhhi hitlekhli H? riri àhha iraa dl arkwlkà gihi`gmlekrna:

tkrbldltlgi( gknvra`d a`tl Niglc`k d ah Nqcahhk( Wglwtl uirlgkhkrl a @qn nq hltlgk:

awwa wk`k hircin a`ta riv vrawa`tita àh tarrltkrlk( girittarlzzi`d k awtawa wqv arelgl

Lh gknvhawwk vkwt.krkcaàtlgk gknv ra`d a l dav kwltl ieelkri`tl al ek`dkuihha a ah.

ha iraa gkhhlìrl iggqnqhitlwl i virtlra dih Vhlkgaà lèarlkra a rlearlblhl vrl`glvih.

na`ta id Irclhha( Ihhqulk`l( Datrltk Yqawtl hltktlvl wk` k v kgk dleeqwl a hlnltitl i

rldktta iraa biwwk.gkhhlìrl a dl ek`dkuihha Lh gknvhawwk uqhgi`lgk gknvra`da l

davkwltl vlrkghiwtlgl ekrnitlwl i wacqltk dahha arqzlk`l uq hgi`lgma dahh“irai uq hwlì:

id awwk vqò awwara rlearltk h“Ivviritk d l W Uaì`zk dkua ieelkri`k d ahha uqhgi`ltl

gma gknvra`d k`k tqel a nahlhltl haqgltlgma



=

Di`tmk`li ihvlì Uawt? rirlwwlni àhha ridqra dahha garrata tarnkigldkelha:

Mkhgqw nkhhlw H wwv nkhhlw? dleeqwi ih nirclà dahha garrata nawkigldkehla:

M|na`kgirvqw glrgl`ìtqw -H, Wiul? àl vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq nirà( i nirclà dal

wa`tlarl:

Lwkhavlw gar`qi -Uimh, R at W? rirlwwlni àhha vkzza tanvkriàa wq iraìrli -Hlwti

Rkwwi Raclkìha? UQ,:

Oiwlkà nk`tiì H? riri àhha cirlcma wq iraìrli( l` gk`tittk gk` ha garrata

tarnkigldkelha:

Oq`gqw givltitqw Salcah? riri àhha vkzza tanvkriàa wq iraìrli -Hlwti Rkwwi Ra.

clkìha? A@,:

Oq`gqw gk chknaritqw H? riri àl vrawwl dahha vkzza tanvkriàa( wq iraìrli:

Nahlhktqw àivkhltiì Ta`? vlqttkwtk dleeqwi àhha ga`kwl tarkeltlgma rqdarihl wq

iraìrli:

Nl`qirtli nadltarri ai -Hl`j, Nih|? riri àl v ritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìr li -Hlwti Rkwwi

Raclkìha? HR,:

K`kbr|gmlw ihbi -S at J, Dawu wqbwv ta`kraiì -Higilti, Vlc`? ibbiwti`zi d leeqwi

àl viwgkhl }arlgl wq gihgira d ah N Vachli:

Vkh|cihi nk`wvahligi H? erayqa`ta ` al vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìrli -Hlwti Rkwwi Ra.

clkìha? HR,:

Vwlhqrqw l`gqruqw -Ckqi`, Wgml`z at Tmahh? `k` erayqa`ta àl vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq

gihgira:

Ri`q`gqhqw lhh|rlgqw H? wvkridlgi àl viwgkhl }arlgl wq gihgira dahha iraa wknnltihl

dah N Vlittk:

Wlhaà ulrldlehkri H? erayqa`ta ` ahha garrata nawkigldkelha:

Taawdihli gkrk`kvlekhli -Barcarat, Tmahh? rir lwwlni ` al vritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìrli:Trlwatirli nlgmahll -Wiul, D Mahhar? riri àl v ritahhl tarkeltlgl wq iraìrli:

Uark`lgi nk`tiì H? hkgihlzziti al bkwgml d “lnvhqu lk i Girvl`qw batqhqw wq gihgira:

Ulgli giwwqblgi H? riri( i nirclà d ahha garrata nawkigldkelha -Hlwti Rkwwi Raclkì.

ha? HR,:

]ari`tmanqn g|hl`drigaqn W at W? dleeqwi àl viwgkhl }arlgl wq gihgira a gihgira

nir`kwk

Ha krgmldaa

Q` “iìhlwl awiqwtlui d ahhi ehkri narltarabba qì tri ttizlkà vlü inv li a datti.

chliti( ba` i hdlhæ dachl l`ta`tl d l yqawti v qbbhlgizlkà Wl í yql`d l wgahtk d l vkrranicclkra itta`zlkà id q` crqv vk d l wvagla gma( wli var bahhazzi gma var lnv kr.

ti`zi gkna blkl`d lgitkrl( vkwwk`k rluawtlra q` l`tarawwa virtlgkhira ad l`gqrlkwlra

i`gma l na`k awvartl? ha krgmldaa

Wl rlvkrti h“aha`gk gknvhatk dahha wvagla d l yqawti einlchli kwwaruita ah tarrltk.

rlk dah N Vachli

Iìginvtlw v|rinldihlw -H, hg Rlgm

Gavmihi`tmari diniwk`lqn -Nlhhar, Drq ga

Gavmihi`tmari hk`clekhli -Mqdwk`, Erltwgm

Gavmihi`tmari rqbri -H, HG Rlgm

Avlvigtlw mahhabkrlà -H, Gri`tz Avlvigtlw nlgrkvm|hhi -Amrm, Wsirtz

Iwvattlehkrlwtlg

l



<

Mlni`tmkchkwwqn idrlitlgqn M Biqn i``

Hlnkdkrqn ibkrtluqn -H, Wsirtz

@akttli ldqw.iulw -H, HG RlgmKvmr|w ivleari Mqdwk`

Kvmr|w bartkhk`ll Nkr -Elc 7,

Kvmr|w eqglehkri -Gri`tz, Nka`gm -Elc 7,

Kvmr|w eqwgi Hl`j

Kvmr|w l`wagtleari H -Elc 7,

Kvmr|w wvmackdaw Nlhhar -Elc 7,

Krgmlw i`trkvkvmkri -H, Ihh } Krgmlw wlnli Hin

Krgmlw i`trkvkvmkri -H, Ihh

Krgmlw ltihlgi Vklrat

Krgmlw nigqhiti HKrgmlw nkrlk H

Krgmlw vivlhlk`igai H -Elc 4,

Krgmlw viqglehkri Ta` -Elc 4,

Krgmlw vrkul`glihlw Bihb

Krgmlw vqrvqrai Mqdwk`

Krgmlw wlnli Hin

Krgmlw trlda`titi Wgkv

Krgmlw qwtqhiti H

Vhiti`tmari blekhli -H, Rgmb

Warivliw hl`cqi H -Elc 4,Warivliw uknarigai -Bqrn , Brly -Elc 4,

Elc 2 Krgmlw i`tmrkvkvmkri: lbrldk d l Krgmlw i`tmrkvkvmkri } Krgmlw wlnli

Iwvattlehkrlwtlg

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Elc 7 Kvmr|w eqglehkri( Kvmr|w l`wagtleari( Kvmr|w wvmackdaw( Kvmr|w bartkhk`l

Iwvattlehkrlwtlg

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Elc 4 Krgmlw vivlhlk igai( Krgmlw viqglehkri( Warivliw uknarigai( Warivliw hl`cqi

Iwvattlehkrlwtlg

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92

Uacatizlkà a Viawicclk uacatiha

Lh gknvra`wkrlk dah Nk`ta Vachli í q` tarrltkrlk rlgkvartk di awtawl hanbl dl

uacatizlkà bkwgmlui( ckuarìti var hkvlü i gadq k: l` ihgq` a zkà wk`k l` ittk v ri.

tlgma d l iuulina`tk id ihtk eqwtk Wk`k v rawa`tl ihgq`l lnvli`tl dl rlnbkwgmlna`tk

nk` kwvaglelgl( vrauiha`tana`ta i vl`k nir lttlnk( v l`k àrk( vl`k dkn awtlgk( vl`k

d “Ihavvk( hkgihlzzitl wkvrittq ttk àhhi zkì wknnltiha dah N Vachli Lh viawicclk

icrirlk í dl n kdawti awta`wlkà a caàrihna`ta wl girittarlzzi var q` “icrlgkhtqri

`k` l`ta`wlui Í vlqttkwtk dleeqwk lh ea`kna`k dahh“ibbi`dk`k dahha gkhtqra ad íyql`dl a hauitk l h `qnark dl i raa icr lgkha `k` vlü qtl h lzzita wkccatta i

rlgkhk`lzzizlkà di virta d l wvagla wahuitlgma arbigaa ad irbqwtlua

Hi uacatizlkà dahh“irai ulaà dawgrltti ittriuarwk h“qtlhlzzk d ahha Warla d l Uaca.

tizlkà Var ‘Warla d l Uacatizlkà„ wl l`ta`da lh gknvhawwk dahha gknq`ltæ uacatihl

vrawa`tl l` q ` tarr ltkrlk knkcaàk d ih vq `tk d l ulwti agkhkclgk Tihl gknq`ltæ ua.

catihl wk`k gkhhacita tri hkrk di qì rahizlkà dlìnlgi( wk`k glkí tivva dl q`

vrkgawwk dl wqggawwlkà gma( l` gk`d lzlk`l ìtq rihl( virta`d k di gknq `ltæ vlk`lara

a wanv hlgl( ta`da i gkwtltqlra tlvl uacatizlkìhl wtiblhl a gknvhawwl -id aw( al kwtrl

ghlnl( q` bkwgk, Awghqd a`d k ha gitiwtrkel ìtq rihl a h“aukhqzlkà l`tarì( í h“qknk

lh vrl`glviha rawvk`wiblha dahhi dleeara`zlizlkà d ahha gknq`ltæ uacati hl ihh“l`tar`k

dahha Warla( ittriuarwk h“qt lhlzzizlkà dah tarrltkrlk)

Ha dluarwa gknq`ltæ uacatihl l`ghqwa l` qì warla dl uacatizlkà wk`k datta

‘tivv a dl wkwtltqzlkà„ Q`k wgmani l`tarvratitluk dl yqawtk vargkrwk( uihldk l`

hlài caàriha var lh tarrltkrlk l` awin a( wl vktrabba irtlgkhira ahha wacqa`tl tiv va?

vritarli i``q iha( vritarli vara`à( krhk( ni`tahhk k irbq wtatk a bkwgk Wgkvk vr l`.

glviha dl yqawtk wtqd lk í vrkv rlk h“l`d luldqizlkà dl tqtt l chl iwvattl dlìnlgl l` gqlwl irtlgkhi hi uacatizlkà dah gknvra`wkrlk dah N Vachli( a hi rlgkwtrqzlkà dal

hacinl awlwta`tl tri hkrk a gk` ha girittarlwtlgma inbla`tihl? ghlni( cakhkcli(

caknkrekhkcli L` yqawt“kttlgi( kc`l Warla d l uacatizlkà í h“awvrawwlkà wl`tatlgi

dal virin atrl agkhkclgl gma girittarlzzi`k lh tarrltkrlk l` gql awwi wl wulhqvv i

Gliwgqì Warla dl uacatizlkà í dael`lti di qì eriwa dlic`kwtlgi gma l`dlgi

krdlìtina`ta( khtra il eittkrl agkhkclgl a cakcrielgl vlü wlc`lelgitlul( hi girittar lz.

zizlk` a blkcakcrieli( lh tlvk blkghlnitlgk( h“ieel`ltæ adielgi a yql`d l hi wvagla dknl.

ì`ta d ahhi gknq `ltæ nitqri k tawti d l warla Il el`l d ahh“awvkwlzlkà a d ahha giritta.

rlwtlgma uacatizlkìhl wl ei rlearlna`tk il vrl`glvihl wqbwtritl Hi da`knlìzlkà

ulaà gknvhatiti dih `kn a dahh“iwwkglizlkà eltkwkglkhkclgi gma rivvrawa`ti hi ta.wti dl warla Hi dawgrlzlkà dl gliwgqì warla í iggknvicìti di q` dlwac`k

wgmanitlgk( riv vrawa`titluk dahhi d lwtrlbqzlkà wvizliha a dal riv vkr tl d lìnlgl a

gitaìhl awlwta`tl tri ha uirla ekrnizlk`l gklùkhta

VIAWICCLK DAL GIHGIRL

KWTRLATK IVVA@@L@LGK NAWKELHK WQ GIHGIRA

Warla ghlnitkelhi ivv a``l`lgi nawktanv ariti àqtrkbiwlelhi dah girv l`k àrk

Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|k girvl`lekhlia uir i Yqargqw garrlw wlcnatqn

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Vrl`glvihl wtidl dah hi Warla

bkwgk? Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atqn girvl`lekhlia uir i Yqargqw garrlw

ni`tahhk? Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhllni`tahhk ahlk.}arkelhk? Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll oq`lvaratkwqn k}|gadrl

krhk? Dlcltihldk nlgri`tmia.Mahhabkratqn bkggkàl uir i Iànkà iva``lì

vritarli nawkelhi? Brlzk nadlia.Brknatqn aragtl erinna`tl

vritarli }arkelhi? Iwvarqhk vqrvqraia.Brknatqn aragtl uir i Ga`tiqrai wvha`da`w

uac i griwwqhigaa? Vatrkrmiclk wi}lericia.Wadatqn wa}i`cqhirlw

vritahhl tarkeltlgl? Trlekhlk wgibrl.M|vkgmkarldatqn igm|rkvmkrl

H“l`taruihhk ihtltqd lìha l` gql wl wulhqvvi yqawti Warla dl uacatizlkà í gknvrawk

ihh“l`glrgi tri 166 a =73 n whn( yqkti n iwwlni ricclq`ti dih N Vachli Dih vq `tk

dl ulwti blkghlnitlgk yqawtl tlvl dl uacatizlkà wk`k gkhhacitl ihhi RaclkàBlkghlnitlgi Tanvariti( Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra wqvarlkra( Knbrktlvk

Qnldk lèarlkra Wl hkgihlzzi`k wq l wqbwtritl gihgiral a gihgirak.nir`kwl gknvra`.

da`tl ha Ekrnizlk`l dahhi Wgichli rkwiti( Wgichli rkwwi( Wgichli bli`gi( Nilkhlgi(

Gihgirl a gihgirl nir`kwl dl N Vachli Girittarlzzi`k ha iraa nadlk.ihta dah N

Vachli a d ah N Vlittk

H“iwwkglizlkà tawti dl Warla Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atqn girvl`lekhliauir i Yqargqw

garrlw wl rlearlwga il bkwgml i dknlì`zi dl girv l`k àrk -Kwtr|i girvl`lekhli,( nkhtk

dleeqwl wql rlhlaul gihgiral dahh“Ivva``k gatriha @ahh“irai gihgirai dah N Vachli a

dah N Vlittk l bkwgml kwwaruitl vrawa`ti`k wvawwk( iggi`tk ih girvl`k ` ark( hi gk.

dkn lì`zi dah garrk a ua`ck`k var yq awtk rlearltl id q` i uirli`ta i Yqargqw garrlwHi ta`da`zi dah garrk i vrauihara àhhi gknvkwlzlkà dal bkwgml dl yqawta iraa í

Viawicclkdalgihgirl

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Viawicclkdalgihgirl

Elc 1 Irbqwtatk rlearlblha ihh“iwwkglizlkà Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll

rlgkhhaciblha di q` hitk ihh“invli dleeqwlkà dl yqawti wvagla àh wattkra tlrra`lgk

dahhi va`lwkhi( a dihh“ihtrk ihhi cawtlkà d ah bkwgk gma( al daga``l v iwwitl( mi v rlul.

haclitk hi d leeqwlkà d l tiha a`tltæ var wgkvl vrkdqttlul -vr l`glvihna`ta var hi v rk.

dqzlkà d l triuarwlà earrkulirla, Tri ha wvagla irbkraa vlü erayqa`tl l` yqawtl bk.wgml( khtra ih garrk a ih girvl`k àrk( wl vkwwk`k r lgkrdira h“igark d “Q`cmarli - Igar

kbtqwitqn, a h“kr`lahhk -Eri}l`qw kr`qw, Ih hkrk l tar`k wk`k v rawa`tl qnarkwa wvagla

arbigaa ànkrihl yqihl lh ekriwiggk nicclkra - Brknqw rinkwqw,( hi wgqtahhirli dl

Gkhk`ì -Wgqtahhirli gkhqnìa,( hi gk`wkhldi eannlì -W|nvm|tqn tqbarkwqn,( hi

vrlnqhi gknq` a -Vrlnqhi uqhcirlw,( lh vihak wlhuawtra - Brigm|vkdlqn w|huitlgqn,( hi

dieà hiqrahhi - Divmà hiqrakhi,( hi ginvi`q hi wahuitlgi -Ginvi`qhi trigmahlqn,( h“ar.

bi.hqgglkhi dl Wlabar - Hqzqhi wlabarl, Tri chl irbqwtl wk`k erayqa`tl hi barratti di

vrata - Aqk`|nqw aqrkviaqw,( lh bli`gkwvl`k gknqà -Gritiacqw nk`kc|ì,( lh

bli`gkwvl`k wahuitlgk -Gritiacqw k}|igi`tmi,( lh gkr`lkhk -Gkr`qw niw,

L` gk`tit tk gk` l bkwgml wl vkwwk`k erayqa`tana`ta kwwaruira ha ekrnizlk`l irbqwtluadl ni`tahhk i dknlì`zi dl clàwtri kdkrkwi -Wvirtlqn oq`gaqn, a gltlwk i ekchla

wawwlhl -G|tlwqw wawwlhlekhlqw,( caàrihna`ta iggknvicìtl di gkràtti dk`dkhlì

-Gkrk lhhi anarqw wwv anarkldaw,( ultihbi -Ghanitlw ultihbi,( hlcqwtrk - Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira,(

clàvrk rkwwk - Oq`lvarqw k}|gadrqw , -Elc 1, Yq awt“qhtlni wvagla nkwtri q` giritta.

ra nirgitina`ta ahlkelhk a ta`d a id lùidara ha iraa ivarta gk` l`dluldq l lwkhitl gma

di``k krlclà i dahha tlvlgma ekrnizlk`l dl vritarli irbqwtiti( l`yqidriblhl àhhi

wqbiwwkglizlkà oq`lvaratkwqn k}|gadrl Yqawta ekrnizlk`l mi``k q` “aukhqzlkà

nkhtk ha`ti l` rahizlkà il ha`tl rltnl d l iggrawglna`tk dah clàvrk( wvagla dl ahaui.

ti hk`caultæ

Ha ekrnizlk`l d l krhk gma wl wulhqvv i`k ahha wtizlk`l erawgma ad knbrkwa( i rldkwwkdahhi uacatizlkà irbkrai k irbqwtlui( wk`k girittarlzzita dihhi dknlì`zi



91

Elc 3 Vkh|cihi ehiuawga`w

Elc 5 Mahhabkrqw bkggk`al

Viawicclkdalgihgirl



95

dahh“ahhabkrk dl Bkggkà - Mahhabkrqw bkggkàl( Elc 5, a dahhi dlcltiha ivva``l`lgi

- Dlcltihlw nlgri`tmi, dahh“iwwkglizlkà Dlcltihldk nlgri tmia.Mahhabkratqn bkggk al @ah

tarrltkrlk dah N Vachli yq awti iwwkglizlkà wl dleeara`zli dih wqk iwv attk vlü tlvlgk

var q ì virtlgkhira ibbk`di`zi d l iànkà dahh“Ivv a``l`k - Iànkà iva``lì, a

glgargmli uaàti - Hitm|rqw uaàtqw,( gma d i``k krlclà id q ì uirli`ta

Ha vritarla wagk`d irla vrawa`tl l` yq awtl tarrltkrl gihgiral( nkhtk awtawa wkvrittq ttk

àhha iraa wknn ltihl dal Nl Vlittk a Vachli( wk`k caàrihna`ta nkhtk d lwgk`tl`q a(

vkuara a wiwwkwa Ha iraa l` gql wl wulhqvvi`k wk`k v lqttkwtk igghlul ad l wqkhl( wkc.

cattl i gk`tl`q l ea`kna`l d l arkwlkà( wk`k rlggml d l wgmahatrk ad l`tarawwitl di era.

yqa`tl ieelkrina`tl rkgglkwl Dih vq `tk dl ulwti eltkwkglkhkclgk yq awta ekrnizlk`l

arbigaa ua`ck`k rlearlta ihh“iwwkglizlkà Iwvarqhk vqrvqraia.Brknatqn aragtl( gma

mi q`“invli d leeqwlkà wql wq bwtritl gihgiral dahh“Ivva``l`k ga`triha Chl iwvattl

vlü }arkelhl ui``k l`yqidritl àhhi wqbiwwkglizlkà gavmihirlatkwqn haqgi`tmia Wl

tritti d l vritarla nicra( gk` wgirwk uihkra vibqhira ni n khtk rlggma ehkrlwtlgina`ta:

virtlgkhirna`ta ahauitk rlwq hti lh qnark d ahha wvagla d l krgmldaa? l` tq ttk lh tarrltk.

rlk l`d icitk à wk`k wtita rlùa`q ta glrgi 76 tri ha yqihl ivv ilk`k virtlgkhirna`ta

l`tarawwi`tl h“krgmldai gihibrawa -Krgmlw viqglehkri,( h“krgmldai i eireihhi -Krgmlw

vivlhlkìgai,( h“kerlda l`wattleari -Kvmr|w l`wagtleari, -Elc 7 . 4, Tri ha a`tltæ vlü gi.

rittarlzzi`tl wl vkwwk`k gltira ha uadkulà i tawta bli`gma -Gavmihirli haqgi`tmi,( hi

gihgitravvkhi inatlwtlì - Ar|`clqn iàtm|wtl`qn ,( hi rid lggmlahhi hizliha -Gravlw hi.

gari,( h“ichlk d ahha blwga - Ihhlqn wvmiarkgavmihqn,( lh ginadrlk vkhlk -Taqgrlqn vkhlqn

wwv givltitqn,( hi wtahhlì vqrvqrai - Iwvarqhi vqrvqrai,( hi wihuiwtrahhi nl`kra

-Wi`cqlwkrbi nl`kr wwv nqrlgiti,( hi wgkrzkàri lrwqti -Wgkrzkàri mlrwqti,( yqawt“qh.

tlni d l qkui wacìhizlkà var hi raclkà Qnbrli @ahha ulglì`za d ahha ekrnizlk.

`l irbqwtlua( l` vrawa`zi dl irbqwtl lwkhitl k àhha ridqra( wq wqkhl na`k vlatrkwlrlwvattk ihh“iwwkglizlkà vragada` ta( wl wulhqv vi q `“ihtrk tlvk d l vritarli }arlgi( gk`

iwvattk vlü gmlqwk a gknv ittk Hi wvagla dknlì`ta í lh vihak rqvawtra - Brigm|vkdlqn

rqvawtra,( iggknv icìtk di hh“a`d anlgi vkhlcihi clihhi -Vkh|cihi ehiuawga`w( Elc 3, a

dihh“k`k`lda wvl`kwi -K`k`lw wvl`kwi,: dih vq `tk dl ulwti eltkwkglkhkclgk yq awta ekr.

nizlk`l ua`ck`k rlearlta ihh“iwwkglizlkà Vkh|cihk ehiuawga`tlw.Brigm|vkdlatqn

rqvawtrlw @ahha iraa vlü vliàccli`tl( gkna id awanv lk ha wvliìta wknnltihl( wan.

vra d l dlna`wlk`l nkhtk nkdawta( l wqkhl dlua`ck`k v lü aukhqtl a na`k v latrkwl a

hi uacatizlkà arbigai wl irrlggmlwga dl a`tltæ nawkelha gkna h“arbi n izzkhlì

- Digt|hlw chknariti,( hi elaìrkhi d al vritl -Vki vrita`wlw, a hi eawtqgi eihiwgkì -Eawtqgi

irq`dlìgai, Yqawtl iwvattl k` wk`k varò wqeelgla`tana`ta d leeara`zlitl dih v q`tkdl ulwti ehkrlwtlgk di clqwtlelgirà h“l`yqidrina`tk l` q `“iwwkglizlkà i wa wti` ta:

ua`ck`k varti`tk l`tarvratitl gkna erinna`tl dl vritarli wanl.nawkelhi

Q` “ihtri tlvkhkcli virtlgkhira d l uacatizlkà arbigai í yqahhi gma wl wulhqvvi wq chl

ieelkrina`tl rkgglkwl wqbvliàccli`tl( l` gkrrlwvk`da`zi dal vlggkhl iggqnqhl dl

wqkhk gma wl earni` k ahha eawwqra a ahha grava d ahha rkgga Hi uacatizlkà d l yqawtl

inbla`tl í dknlìti di dluarwa wvagla dah caàra Wadqn -bkrriglì igra? W

wa}i`cqhira( bkrriglì bli`gi? W ihbqn( bkrriglì rqvawtra? W rqvawtra,( a`tltæ dl

vlggkha dlna`wlk`l( gk` ekchla gir`kwa a wqggqha`ta Dih vq `tk d l ulwti eltkwkglkhkclgk

yqawta ga`kwl ua`ck`k rlearlta ihh“iwwkglizlkà Vatrkrmiclk wi}lericia.Wadatqn

wa}i`cqhirlw L` n kwilgk gk` awwi( ad l` tq tta ha wltqizlk`l l` gql lh wqbwtritk ulaàid ieelkrira i giqwi dahh“arkwlkà( wk`k nkhtk erayqa`tl dahha ekrnizlk`l i

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Viawicclkdalg

ihgirl

Elc = Nkwilgk dl i`ahhi warla dah yqargatk ivv a`` l`lgk tarnkelhk wq gihgira? erin.

na` tl dl bkwgk a dl irbqwtatk

Elc < Iraa d l arkwlk`a igga`tqiti( gkhk`lzzita dic hl irbqwtatl a d ihha cirlcma dah.

hi warla dah yqargatk ivv a``l`lgk tarnkelhk



9=

dknlì` zi d l wvagla i``qihl d l vlggkhi tichli( i wulhqvv k vrlniuarlha( gkna lh vi hak

glchlitk -Uqhvli glhliti,( h“lbarldahhi rqv lì - Mkr`q`cli vatriai,( hi dribi vr lniuarlha

- Arkvmlhi uarì,( h“ihlwwk i``q k - Ih|wwqn ih|wwkldaw,( hi gkwtkhlì i``q iha - M|vkgmkarlwigm|rkvmkrqw,( lh trlekchlk wgibrk -Trlekhlqn wgibrqn, Ua`ck`k l`yq idrita àhh“iwwk.

glizlkà Trlekhlk wgibrl.M|vkgmkarldatqn igm|rkvmkrl àhhi uirli`ta i dknlì`zi dl

cri`k dahha ekrnlgma - Iaclhkvw ca`lgqhiti,

Iwvattl adiek.nawkelhl

Bkwgml d l ekrri i Girvl`qw batqhqw

Girvl`k batqhl.Gkr|hatqn iuahhi ia

L bkwgml gma wl wulhqvvi`k àhha wtizlk`l dl ekrri( wqh ek`dk dal giìhk`l a dachl

lnvhqul erawgml a knbrkwl( wkvrittq ttk wa awvkwtl i watta`trlkà( nkwtri`k q` girit.tara vlü nawkelhk d achl idliga`tl bkwgml d l uarwi`ta Wl tritti d l iwvattl vkgk dleeqwl(

d l ktaukha vraclk ìtq rihlwtlgk var hi virtlgkhirltæ agkhkclgi a hi rlggmazzi ehkrlwtlgi

Hi wvagla irbkrai dknlì`ta l` yqawtl iwvattl í lh girv l`k bli`gk -Girvl`qw batqhqw,(

wvawwk iggknv icìtk d ih glhlaclk wahuitlgk -Vrq`qw iulqn, a( ahhk wtritk irbq wtluk(

dih `kgglkhk -Gkr|hqw iuahhi i, Ha wvagla arbigaa wk`k qnarkwlwwlna: í virtlgkhir.

na`ta ibbk` di` ta hi gknv kà`ta d l cakelta i elkrltqri tird k lùarìha.vr lniuarl.

ha Tri ha a`tltæ dah wkttkbkwgk vlü wlc`lelgitlua vkwwk`k awwara na`zlkìta

h“ahhabkrlà gknqà - Avlvigtlw mahhabkrlà,( hi uark`lgi nk`ti` i -Uark`lgi nk`tiì,(

hi ulkhi d l Rlul`qw -Ulkhi rlul`liì,( h“arbi.nici gknqà -Glrgiai hqtatliì, Dih vq`tk

dl ulwti eltkwkglkhkclgk( yqawta ekrnizlk`l ua`ck`k rlearlta ihhi wqbihhai`ziivva``l`lgi Vqhnkìrlk iva `lìa.Girvlà`lk` batqhl

Elc 96 L girittar lwtlgl l`wvawwlna` tl dahhi gkrtaggli d l Yqargqw dihagminvll

Viawicclkdalgihgirl



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YQARGATK IVVA@@L@LGK TARNKELHK WQ GIHGIRA

Warla adiek.}arkelhi v raivv a``l`lgi n awktanv ariti àqtrkbiwlelhi d ahhi rkuarahhi

Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atk girvl`lekhlia g|tlwk wawwlhlekhll wlcnatkwqn


bkwgk? Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atqn girvl`lekhlia g|tlwatkwqn wawwlhlekhll

ni`tahhk? Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll uir i Rmin`qw ihitar`qw

krhk? Iwvirick igqtlekhll.Kw|rldatqn ihbia

vritarli }arkelhi? Iwvarqhk vqrvqraia.Brknatqn aragtl uir i Ga`tiqrai wvha`da`w

Hi Warla adiek.}arkelhi dahhi rkuarahhi rivvrawa`ti chl iwvattl dl uacatizlkà vlü}arlgi gma( ihh“l`tar`k d al tarrltkrl d l gknv ata`zi d ahhi Warla dah girv l`k ark( gkhk.

`lzzi`k ha wtizlk`l vlü vkuara dih vq`tk dl ulwti adielgk( girittarlzzita di wqkhl

vkgk aukhqtl( l` arkwlkà( caàrihna`ta q blgita wql uarwi` tl awvkwtl i wqd -Elc = .

<, Hi uacatizlkà irbkrai gma wl wulhqvvi l` tihl gk`d lzlk`l í erqciha( vkgk wtrqttq .

riti( gkwtltqlti wvawwk di bkwgichla ivarta vlü gma di uarl a vrkvrl bkwgml: ulaà

rlearlti ihhi wqbiwwkglizlkà Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atqn girvl`lekhlia g|t lwatkwqn

wawwlhlekhll Hi wvagla irbkrai dknlì`ta l` yqawtl iwvattl í hi rkuarahhi -Yqargqw

vqbawga`w,( wvawwk iggknv icìti di hhi yq argli dl Dihagmin vw -Yqargqw dihagminvll,(

eiglhna`ta rlgk`kwglblha dil girittarlwtlgl l`wvawwlna`tl gkwtkhqtl d ahhi gkrtaggli -Elc

96,

Chl wtidl irbqwtlul wl girittarlzzi`k var hi vrawa`zi dah hac`kvqzzk - Rmin`qw

ihitar`qw,( wvagla nadltarriài wanv rauarda gma trkui l` yq awtl inbla`tl wkhacclitl

gk`dlzlk`l kttlnihl dl wulhqvvk Ihtrl irbq wtl erayqa`tl l` yqawta ekrn izlk`l( ittrl.

bqlta ihhi uirli`ta i Rmin`qw ihitar`qw dahhk Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll( wk`khi clàwtri kd krkwi -Wvirtlqn oq`gaqn,( lh gltlwk i ekchla wawwlhl -G|tlwqw wawwlhlekhlqw,(

hi rkwi wahuitlgi gknq à - Rkwi gi`lì,

I rldkwwk d achl irbq wtatl í vkwwlblha kwwaruira ha gknq`ltæ tarnkelha dl vrani`tahhk

rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Iwvirick igqt lekhll.Kw|rldatqn ihbia Wl tritti d l qì uaca.

tizlkà dl tichli nad lk.biwwi girittarlzziti dihhi dknlì`zi d l clàwtrahhi gknq.

à -Kw|rlw ihbi,( wvagla nadltarriài wanvrauarda dihh“iwvattk gma rlgkrdi yqahhk

dl qì clàwtri Ihtra a`tltæ erayqa`tl l` yqawta ekrnizlk`l wk`k h“iwvirick vq`.

ca`ta - Iwviricqw igqtlekhlqw,( hi rkbbli wahuitlgi - Rqbli varacrlì,( h“adari - Madari

mahl},( lh vihak rqv awtra - Brigm|vkdlqn rqvawtra,

Hi uacatizlkà arbigai( i girittara n irgitina`ta }arlgk a r lggi dl ginaelta( ulaàrlearlti ihhi uirli`ta i Ga`tiqrai wvha`da`w dahh“ Iwvarqhk vqrvqraia.Brknatqn aragtl

Ha a`tltæ girittarlzzi`tl yqawta vritarla wk`k lh ekriwiggk arattk - Brknqw aragtqw,( lh

elkrd ihlwk glgihl`k -Ga`tiqrai daqwti wwv wvha`da`w,( lh cirkei`k wahuit lgk - Dli`tmqw

w|huawtrlw wwv hk`clgiqhlw,( l varv atql`l d “Ltihli - Mahlgmr|wqn ltihlgqn,

VIAWICCLK DAHHA IRA@IRLA

GARRATI VRAIVVA@@L@LGI TLRRA@LGI NAWKELHI WQ IRA@IRLI

Warla ghlnitkelhi vraiv va``l`lgi tlrra`lgi nawktanvariti wq bigldkelhi dah garrkGavmihi`tmark hk`clekhlia.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn

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bkwgk? Gavmihi`tmark hk`clekhlia.Yqargatqn garrldlw

ni`tahhk tarnkelhk? Gihhq`k uqhcirlw.Wirktminàtqn wgkvirll

krhk n awkelhk? iccr i Ulkhi gi`lì a Mkhgqw nkhhlw

krhk tarnkelhk? iccr i Ca`lwti tl`gtkrli a Ga`tiqrai `lcrawga`w wwv àivkhltiì

vritarli? Trlekhlk l`girìtl.Brknatqn aragtl

Hi Warla ihtk.gkhhlìra dah garrk wq iraìrli í vrawa`ta àh tarrltkrlk i yqkta gkn.

vrawa tri glrgi 166 a =66 n whn l` iraa gma( dih vq`tk dl ulwti blkghlnitlgk( wk`k

rlearlblhl ihhi Raclkà Blkghlnitlgi Tanvariti( Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra

wqvarlkra( Knbrktlvk Qnldk lèarlkra L wqbwtritl wrattina`ta gkrrahitl i yqawtk

gknvhawwk d l uacatizlkà wk`k rivv rawa`titl dihha iraìr la tqrbldltlgma dahhi Ekr.

nizlkà dah Niglc`k dah Nqcahhk a dil d avkwltl vlrkghiwtlgl ieelkri`tl ah gknv haw.

wk d l W Uaì`zk

H“iwwkglizlkà tawti d l Warla í rivv rawa`titi d ih Gavmihi`tmark hk`clekhlia.Yqargatqn

garrldlw gkrrlwvk`d a`ta i garrata nawkelha wqbigldkelha gma ahhk wtritk irbkrak kwv l.

ti`k wv awwk( iggi`tk ih garrk dkn lì`ta( lh wkrbk gknq à -Wkrbqw dknawtlgi,( lh glhla.

clk wahuitlgk -Vrq`qw iulqn,( tihkri hi rkuara -Yqargqw vatriai, a lh giwtic`k -Giwtiài

witlui, Hk wtritk irbq wtluk í rivv rawa`titk vrl`glvihna`ta dih bli`gkwvl`k wahuitl.

gk -Gritiacqw k}|igi`tmi,( dih varizzk -V|rqw v|riwtar . Elc 99,( dihhi clàwtri dal

girbkìl -G|tlwqw wgkvirlqw . Elc 92,( dih v rqc`khk -Vrq`qw wvl`kwi, Nkhtk rlggk í hk

wtritk arbigak( gma v rawa`ti gk` erayqa`zi hi vhiti`tari gknq à -Vhiti`tmari blekhli,(

hi gaeihi`tari nicclkra -Gavmihi`tmari hk`clekhli,( hk wvirulara dal bkwgml - Mlariglqn

w|huitlgqn,( h“arbi.erickhlì -Wi`lgqhi aqrkviai,( hi vrlnqhi gknq à -Vrlnqhi uqhcirlw,(

h“arbi.hqgglkhi nad ltarriài - Hqzqhi ekrwtarl,( h“lui gknq à - Ioqci ravti`w,( hi glgargmlink`tiì - Hitm|rqw nk`ti`qw,( hi wlhaà i elkrl uardiwtrl -Wlhaà ulrldlehkri,( hi uarci

d “krk gknq à -Wkhldick ulrciqrai,

Chl iwvattl irbqwtlul dl wkwtltqzlkà ad l ni`tahhl wk`k girittarlzzitl dihhi ekrta

dkn lì`zi d ahhi clàwtri d al girbkìl -G|tlwqw wgkvirlqw,( gma dæ krlclà il gkwld .

dattl ‘wgkvatl„ Hi wvagla dknlì`ta í iggknv icìti d i rkwi warvaccli`ta - Rkwi

cihhlgi,( clàvrk gknq à - Oq`lvarqw gknnq`lw,( hlcqwtrk - Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira,( tinirk

-Tinqw gknnq`lw,( ultihbi -Ghanitlw ultihbi,( rkuk tkn a`tkwk - Rqbqw gi awga w ,( rkwi

giuihhlì - Rkwi irua`wlw,( eahga iyqlhlì -Vtarldlqn iyqlhl`qn, Wl tritti d l ga`kwl gi.

rittarlwtlgma d al wqbwtritl iraìgal gknv ittl gma d i`` k krlclà i wqkhl khlcktrkelgl

Ua`ck`k l`yqidrita àhh“iwwkglizlkà Gihhq`k uqhcirlw.Wirktminàtqn wgkvirllL` gk`tittk gk` l ni`tahhl irbqwtlul( àhha wtizlk`l knbrkwa a àhha ridqra( wk`k

vrawa`tl ga`kwl dl krhk i dknlì`zi dl ulkhi wahuitlgi -Ulkhi gi`lì,( binbiclkà

irlwtitk - Mkhgqw nkhhlw,( glgargmli nk`ti` i - Hitm|rqw nk`ti`qw ,( elkr dl gqgqhk - H|gm`lw

ehkw.gqgqhl,( erickhi gknqà -Ericirli uawgi,( rlearlblhl ihh“ihhai`zi Nahinv|rlk`

vrita`wlw L` gk`dlzlk`l d l nicclkra l`wkhizlkà( l` wtizlk`l gihda a wkhacclita( hi

uacatizlkà dl krhk wl girittarlzzi lùaga var hi dknlì`zi dl clàwtri nl`kra

-Ca`lwti tl`gtkrli,( elkrdihlwk ìvkhati`k -Ga`tiqrai `lcrawga`w wwv àivkhltiì,( el.

`kggmlk.igyqitlgk gknq à -Kaì`tma vlnvlàhhkldaw,: i`gma yq awti tlvkhkcli dl ua.

catizlkà ulaà l`yqidriti àhh“ihhai`zi Nahinv|rlk` vrita`wlw

Ha vritarla wagk`dirla( `k` nkhtk awtawa( wk`k rivvrawa`tita di brknatl nawkelhlwqbigldkelhl i dknlì`zi dl ekriwiggk arattk - Brknqw aragtqw, gk` vihak kdkrkwk



29

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- I`tmk}i`tmqn kdkritqn,( gkuatti dal vritl -G|`kwqrqw grlwtitqw,( arbi.hqgglkhi

nq htlehkri - Hqzqhi nqhtlehkri,( givv ahhl l dahha vritarla - Icrkwtlw ta`qlw,( vrqàhhi clihhi

-Vrqàhhi higl`liti,( hl`k wahuitlgk - Hl`qn bla à,( riv k`zkhk -Ginvi`qhi rivq`gqhqw,(

wvirulara elkra`tl`k - Mlariglqn ehkra`tl`qn,( gkwtkhlì clq`gkhlì - M|vkgmkarlw ridl.

giti, Wk`k l`khtra v rawa`tl q narkwa krgmldaa tri gql h“lbrldk dl Krgmlw i`trkvkvmkri

} Krgmlw wlnli( dl `q kui wacìhizlkà var hi raclkà Qnbrli -Elc 2, Dih vq `tk dl

ulwti eltkwkglkhkclgk yqawta v ritarla v kwwk`k awwara rlearlta ihh“iwwkglizlkà Trlekhlk

l`girìtl.Brknatqn aragtl

Hi warla nawkelhi dah garrk wq iraìr li í nkhtk d leeqwi wql rlhlaul iraìgal glrgkwti`tl

lh gknv hawwk N Vachli.N Vlittk


Bkwgml d l ekrri i Girvl`qw batqhqw

Gavmihi`tmark hk clekhlia.Yqargatqn garrl uir i Girvl`qw batqhqw

L` wltqizlk`l erawgma( vrl`glvi hna`ta ` al giìhk`l awvkwtl i watta`trlkà( hi garrati

igldkelhi wl irrlggmlwga dl girv l`k bli`gk a ulaà vrkuulwkrlina`ta rlearlti id qì

uirli`ta i Girvl`qw batqhqw gk` wlc`lelgitk adiek.nawkelhk Lh gkrtacclk ehkrlwtlgk gkn.

vhawwluk í iìhkck i yqahhk dahh“iwwkglizlkà tlvlgi( di gql wl dleeara`zli v ar hi v ra.

wa`zi dl girvl`k bli`gk -Girvl`qw batqhqw, gk` ahauitl uihkrl dl gkvartqri( tihkriiggknv icìtk di igark dl nk`ta - Igar vwaqdkvhiti`qw,( tlchlk wahuitlgk -Tlhli gkrditi,(

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Elc 99 V|rqw v|riwtar

Elc 92 G|tlwqw wgkvirlqw



27

khnk nk`ti`k -Qhnqw chibri,( a eicclk -Eicqw w|huitlgi,( vrawa`tl i yqkta `ktaukh.

na`ta ih d l wkttk dah hkrk gk`wqatk hlnlta ihtltqd lìha lèarlkra @ah wkttkbkwgk gkn.

vilk`k ihgqà a`tltæ nawkelha gkna hi gk`wkhldi eannlì -W|nvm|tqn tqbarkwqn

wqbwv `kdkwqn,( hi wihuli ulwgmlkwi -Wihuli chqtl`kwi, a h“krgmldai `ldk d “qggahhk

- @aktt li ldqw.iulw,

Iwvattl adiek.}arkelhl

Chl iwvattl adiek.}arkelhl vrawa`tl ihh“l`tar`k dah tarrltkrlk dl vartlà`zi dah

Gavmihi`tmark hk`clekhlia.Yqargk garrl wlcnatqn wk`k l`tarvratiblhl gkna tivva

dahh“ Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargk garrl wlcnatqn( dleeqwk àhh“Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk

wkttkwti`ta( gma l` gk`d lzlk`l dl virtlgkhira vkuartæ adielgi wl wvl`ck`k ih d l wkvri

dah vrkvrlk hlnlta ihtltqdlìha wqvarlkra

GARRATI VRAIVVA@@L@LGI TLRRA@LGI TARNKELHI WQ IRA@IRLI

Warla ghlnitkelhi vraivva``l`lgi tlrra`lgi wqbnawknadltarriài wqbigldkelhi dah

garrk

Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn


bkwgk? Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargatqn garrldlw

vrabkwgk? Arlgk irbkraia.Irbqtatqn qàdk`lw

irbqwtatk? Glwtk l`gi`l.Arlgatqn wgkvirlia

brqcmlari? Di`tmk`lk dagqnba`tlw.Gihhqàtqn uqhcirlw

krhk n awkelhk? iccr i Hitm|rqw `lcar a Taqgrlqn wlgqhqnkrhk tarnkelhk? iccr i L`qhi wihlglì a Dkr|g`lqn va`tivm|hhqn wwv marbigaqn

vritarli? iccr i Brknqw aragtqw a Icrkwtlw ta`qlw

vritarli tarkeltlgi? iccr i Vkh|cihi nk`wvahligi a I lri ahaci w

vritarli tarkeltlgi wqb`ltrkelhi? iccr i Nahlhktqw àivkhltiì a Ulgli bltm|`lgi

I yqkta gknv rawa tri glrgi 766 a 166 n whn wl wulhqvvi hi Warla dahh“ Arlgk irbkraia.

Yqargatqn garrldlw Lh wqbwtritk gkrrahitk i yqawta tlvkhkcla uacatizlkìhl í rivvra.

wa`titk i`gkri qì ukhti dihha iraìrla tqrbld ltlgma dahhi Ekrnizlkà dah Niglc`k

dah Nqcahhk: dih vq`tk dl ulwti blkghlnitlgk gl trkulink varò àhhi Uirli`ta

Wqbn adltarriài dahhi Raclkà Blkghlnitlgi Tanvariti ( ihh“l`tar`k d ahh“Krlzzk`tablkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra wq varlkra( gk` Knbrktlvk Qnldk lèarlkra+ Wqbq nldk wq .

varlkra

Ha ga`kwl ekrawtihl gkrrlwvk`d a`tl ihhi tiv vi nitq ri wk`k riv vrawa`tita d ihha garrata

dahh“iwwkglizlkà Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargatqn garrldlw l` gql( khtra ih garrk -Yqargqw garrlw,(

wk`k wvawwk vrawa`tl lh hagglk -Yqargqw lha},( h“kr`lahhk -Eri}l`qw kr`qw,( h“igark hkvv lk

- Igar ginvawtra . Elc 94, Hi vrl`glviha girittarlwtlgi dl yqawtl bkwgml í yqahhi dl

kwvltira wli ahana`tl tlvlgl dal bkwgml gidqglekchl gma a`tltæ vrkv rla dahhi uacati.

zlkà n adltarriài wanv rauarda @ ahhk wtritk irbqwtluk wk`k erayqa`tl ihh“l`tar`k

dah bkwgk lh gkrbazzkhk - Irbqtqw qàdk,( h“arlgi irbkrai - Arlgi irbkrai,( h“arlgi di

wgkva - Arlgi wgkvirli,( lh ulbqr`k.tl`k -Ulbqr`qn tl`qw,( hi rkwi d l W Clkui`` l - Rkwiwanvarulra`w . Elc 91,( hi rkbbli wahuitlgi - Rqbli varacrlì,( lh vq`cltkvk - Rqwgqw

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igqhaitqw,( lh bli`gkwvl`k gknqà -Gritiacqw nk`kc|ì, Tri ha arba d ah wkttkbkwgk

ha vlü erayqa`tl a girittarlzzi`tl wk`k lh ginadr lk wlglhli`k -Taqgrlqn wlgqhqn,( hi

glgargmli ari - Hitm|rqw `lcar ,( lh glghinl`k v rlniuar lha -G|ghina` ravi`dqn,( lh gir.

dk.vihhkttkhi narldlkìha - Agml`kvw wlgqhqw,( hi eawtqgi dal bkwgml -Eawtqgi

matarkvm|hhi,( hi gl`yq aekchli erickhi.waggi -Vkta`tlhhi nlgri`tmi,

Ha tivva d l wkwtltqzlkà dah bkwgk( virtlgkhirn a`ta d leeqwa àl vrlnl wtidl wqggaw.

wlul id l`ta`wa gadq izlk`l k id l`ga`dl( wk`k riv vrawa`tita di ekrnizlk`l d l vra.bkwgk k niggmli( gk` ihtazzi nadli ittkr`k il 4.1 n( i dkn lì`zi d l gkrbazzkhk ad

arlgi irbkrai - Arlgi irbkrai, gk` elhhlrai gknq à -Vmlhh|rai hitlekhli, a clàv rk gknq .

à - Oq`lvarqw gknnq`lw, rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà nad ltarriài Arlgk irbkraia.

Irbqtatqn qàdk lw Wl tritti d l ekrnizlk`l nkhtk eltta( nk`kwtritlelgita( gma wl wul.

hqvvi`k l` tanvl braul crizla ihhi givigltæ dah gkrbazzkhk dl vrkd qrra v khhk`l i

riv ldk iggrawglna`tk: wl krlclì`k gkw è dahha niggmla lnvaàtriblhl nkhtk vkuara

dl wvagla àhhk wtritk arbigak( i giqwi d ah gkwti`ta ad l`ta`wk knbracclina`tk gma

girittar lzzi lh wkttkbkwgk Tri ha vkgma a`t ltæ arbigaa vrawa`tl wl vkwwk` k rlgkrdira

h“l`ga`wirli kdkrkwi -Vqhlgirli kdkri . Elc 95, a hi uark`lgi nadlglìha -Uark`lgi

keelglìhlw,( l`khtra ih hkrk l`tar` k í erayqa`ta hi vrawa`zi d l clkui` l vli`ta dl garrkrlìta di wana

L` gk`tittk dlìnlgk gk` l vrabkwgml wk`k vrawa`tl ha ekrnizlk`l irbqwtlua i

dknlì`zi dl arlgi di wgkva - Arlgi wgkvirli, gk` glwtk rkwwk -Glwtqw gratlgqw wwv

arlkgavmihqw,( clàwtri d al girbk` il -G|tlwqw wgkvirlqw,( arlgi irbkrai - Arlgi irbkrai,

rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Glwtk l`gi`l.Arlgatqn wgkvirlia -Elc 93, Ekrnizlk`l

irbqwtlua dl tichli vlü biwwi wk`k rivvrawa`tita dihh“iwwkglizlkà Di`tmk`lk

dagqnba`tlw.Gihhqàtqn uqhcirlw i dkn lì`zi dl brqck k gihhqì -Gihhqì uqhcirlw,(

l`d lgitlui d l wqkhl khlcktrkelgl Hi gihhqì( wvagla i d lwtrlbqzlkà glrgqnbkraiha(

trkui l` Qn brli a Hizlk lh wqk hlnlta narld lkìha dl iraiha Ha ekrn izlk`l irbqwtlua

gql dæ krlclà( gkwtltqlta di v kgma wvagla( wl girittarlzzi`k var hi erayqa` ta vrawa`.zi d l glwtk eann lì -Glwtqw wihulekhlqw, a di`tk`li n l`kra - Di`tmk`li dagqnba w, Ha

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ukhti d l dleelglha l`tarvratizlkà( vklgmì wvagla dl tichli nkhtk d luarwi wl rlnawgkhi.

`k gkwtltqa`dk ekrnizlk`l vlqttkwtk atarkcaàa

Hi uacatizlkà dl krhk gma wl wulhqvvi i rldkwwk d achl irbq wtatl vrawa`ti qì dluar.

wi gknv kwlzlkà ehkrlwtlgi l` rahizlkà ihha dleeara`t l girittarlwtlgma wtizlkìhl @ah.

ha wtizlk`l erawgma ad knbracclita lh rqkhk dknlì` ta í wukhtk d ihhi glgargmli uaàti

- Hitm|rqw `lcar , a dih ginadrlk wlglhli`k -Taqgrlqn wlgqhqn,( iggknvicìta dih

glgargmlkà - Hitm|rqw w|huawtrlw,( dihh“arbi dl w Clkui``l - M|varlgqn varekritqn, adihhi erickhi gknqà -Ericirli uawgi, H“iccrqv vin a`tk ulaà l`yqid ritk àhh“ihha.

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Elc 97 Iwvattk d ahh“ Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn



25

Elc 94 Igar ginvawtra

Elc 91 Rkwi wanvarulra`w

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Elc 95 Vqhlgirli kdkri

Elc 93 Lh nkwilgk dl uacatizlkà gkwtltqltk dichl irbqwtatl dahh“iwwkglizlkà Glwtk

l`gi`l.Arlgatqn wgkvirliagk` l vrabkwgml dahh“iwwkglizlkà Arlgk.Irbqtatqn qàdk`lw(

ihh“l`tar`k dahhi warla dahhi garrati tlrra`lgi tarn kelhi wq iraìrli

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2=

i`zi Cari`lk` wi`cqlàl @ahha awvkwlzlk`l gihda( lùaga( l` gk`dlzlk`l dl bqkì

l`wkhizlkà( wl wulhqvvi`k ekrnizlk`l iv arta( ahlkelha a tarn kelha girittarlzzita d ih.

hi vrawa`zi wanv ra nkhtk ibbk`di`ta dl a`qhi iwvri - L`qhi wihlglì,( iggknv icì.

ti di trlekchl`k arbigak - Dkr|g`lqn va`tivm|hhqn wwv marbigaqn,( vrqàhhi clihhi

-Vrqàhhi higl`liti,( ghl`kv kdlk dal bkwgml -Ghl`kvkdlqn uqhcira,( batk`lgi gknqà

-Wtigm|w keelglìhlw,( icrlnk`li gknq à - Icrlnk`li aqvitkrli, I`gma l` yq awtk giwk

h“l`yq idrina`tk eltkwkglkhkclgk ei rlearlna`tk ihh“ihhai`zi Cari`lk` wi`cqlàl

Ha vritarla wagk`d irla vrawa`tl ihh“l`tar`k dl yqawti Warla( i girittara wqbigldkelhk(

wk`k riv vrawa`tita di ga`kwl i gk.dkn lì`zi d l ekriwiggk arattk - Brknqw aragtqw, a

givvahhl`l dahha vritarla - Icrkwtlw ta`qlw,( iggknvicìta di di`tk`li nl`kra

- Di`tmk`li dagqnba`w,( vkhlcihi gknqà -Vkh|cihi uqhcirlw,( clàwtri wv l`kwi -Ca`lwti

carni`lgi,( uark`lgi nadlglìha -Uark`lgi keelglìhlw,( gl`yqaekchli tkrna`tlhhi

-Vkta`tlhhi aragti,( hlhlkiwekdahk nicclkra - I`tmarlgqn hlhlick,( gkdkhlì dl Bartkhk`l

-Vmhaqn bartkhk l, Dacì d l kti í hi vrawa`zi d l ihgqà krgmldaa dah caàra Warivliw

gkna hi warivlda hl`cqi -W hl`cqi, a hi warivlda nicclkra -W uknarigai, a dah caà.

ra Kvmr|w -kerlda dl Bartkhk`l? K bartkhk`ll( kerlda elkr dahha ivl? K ivleari( kerlda

uarda.brqì? K wvmackdaw, -Elc 7 . 4,

Ha vritarla aeelnara i dknlì`zi d l wvagla i`` qihl gma wl wulhqvvi`k l` vr lniuari

wk`k d leeqwa wqhha rkgga ieelkri`tl ad l` tq tta yqahha wltqizlk`l girittarlzzita di wqkhl

nkhtk wkttlhl( l` arkwlkà k yq iwl iwwa`tl Wl dleeara`zli`k v ar hi vrawa`zi d l `qna.

rkwa wvagla( l` ihgq` l giwl dl n l`qwgkha d lna`wlk`l( yqihl hi v khlcihi d l Nk`tv ahhlar

-Vkh|cihi nk`wvahligi,( lh hl`k wtahhitk - Iwtarkhl`k` hl`qn.wtahhitqn ,( hi abbli nl`kra

- I lri ahaci w,( l wkìchl`l nicclkrl - Brlzi ni}lni,( lh trlekchlk hivvigak -Trlekhlqn

hivvigaqn,( lh trlekchlk irua`wa -Trlekhlqn irua`wa,( lh trlekchlk wtrlitk -Trlekhlqn

wtrlitqn, Ua`ck`k r learlta ihh“ihhai`zi wlhlglgkhi n adltarri` ai Tqbarirlk` cqt titiaI nirclà d al wa`tlarl( l` gk`d lzlk`l d l hlaua dlwtqrbk( hi uacatizlkà i``q iha aeel.

nari wl irr lggmlwga d l a`tltæ wqb`ltrkelha( l` crid k dl wkvvkr tira gk` wq ggawwk h“ln.

vittk gkrrahitk ihhi ulglì`zi dl zkà i`trkvlzzita Ha ga`kwl dl yqawtk tlvk wk`k

girittarlzzita dihhi d knlì`zi d l nahlhktk ìvkhati`k - Nahlhktqw àivkhltiì,( gma

ekrni d al eawtk`l hq`ck l nircl`l wtrid ihl( ba` ulwlblhl ihh“avkgi d ahhi elkrltqri -elà

nicclk.l`lzlk clqc`k, Hi wvagla dkn lì`ta í iggknv icìti di uaggli da` tahhiti

-Ulgli bltm|`lgi,( wlhaà cihhlgi -Wlhaà cihhlgi,( hi`q tahhi gknqà - I`dr|ihi l`tacrlekhli,(

hkchlirahhk rq dariha -Gitivkdlqn rlcldqn,

Hi warla tarnkelhi dah garrk wq iraìrli í nkhtk rivvrawa`titi àh tarrltkrlk( wkvrit.

tq ttk àh wattkra kgglda`ti ha


@ahha wtizlk`l virtlgkhirna`ta erawgma hi uacatizlkà `k` nkwtri d ahha nkd lelgma

wkwti`zlihl: hi uacatizlkà ekrawtiha í wanv ra dkn lìti dih garrk( a ah wkttkbkwgk

wl iwwlwta ihh“l`crawwlkà dl d luarwa a`tltæ nawkelha wa`zi gma varò wl uar lelgml h“l`wa.

dlina`tk d l qì tlvkhkcli uacatizlkìha dluarwlelgiti

Iwvattl adiek.}arkelhl

Chl iwvattl adiek.}arkelhl vrawa`tl ihh“l`tar`k d ah tarrltkrlk d l vartlà`zi d ahh“ Arlgk

irbkraia.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn wk`k l`tarvratiblhl gkna tivva dah G|ghinl`kravi`dl.Yqargk lhlglw wlcnatq n( dleeqwk àhh“Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk wkttkwti`ta( gma

Viawic

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iraìrla



2<

l` gk`dlzlk`l dl virtlgkhira vkuartæ adielgi wl wvl`ck`k ih dl wkvri dah vrkvrlk

hlnlta ihtltqd lìha wqv arlkra

HAGGATI NAWKNADLTARRI@AI TLRRA@LGI TARNKELHI WQ IRA@IRLI

Warla ghlnitkelhi wqbgkwtlari tlrra`lgi nawknadltarriài -wqbnawknadltarriài,

wqbigldkelhi d ah hagglk

G|ghinl`k ravi`dl.Yqargk lhlglw wlcnatqn


bkwgk? G|ghinl`k ravi`dl.Yqargatqn lhlglw

vrabkwgk? Arlgk irbkraia.Irbqtatqn qàdk`lw

irbqwtatk? Vlwtiglk ha`tlwgl.Oq`lvaratqn k}|gadrl

cirlci? iccr i Glwtqw wihulekhlqw

vritarli }arkelhi? iccr i Wtlvi brknkldaw a Dkr|g`lqn mlrwqtqn

vritarli tarkeltlgi? Tqbarirlk cqttitia.Vhi`ticlàtqn bahhirdl

Hi warla tlrra` lgi dah hagglk í vrawa`ta àh tarrltkrlk dah N Vachli i yqkta ca` arih.

na`ta lèarlkrl i 466 n whn( ni v qò aggazlkìhna` ta wv l`carwl el k i 166.116 n

whn( gkna iuulaà wq h N Nahk`ti Awwi í dleeqwi wq hha iraìr la tqrbld ltlgma dahhi

Ekrnizlkà d ah Niglc`k dah Nqcahhk( al tarrltkrl gma d ih vq `tk d l ulwti blkghlnitlgk

rla`tri`k àhhi Uirli`ta Wqbnadltarri` ai d ahhi Raclkà Blkghlnitlgi Tanv ariti(

Viawic

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@ W



76

àhh“Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra lèarlkra gk` Kn brktlvk Wqbq nld k wqv arlk.

ra( gma weqni uarwk lh Vli`k Blkghlnitlgk Nawkn adltarri` ak

Hi uacatizlkà ekrawtiha í rivvrawa`titi di haggata yqiwl vqra( i dknlì`zi dl

wgharkelhha a vrawwkgmì vrlua dl wvagla gidqglekchla Khtra ih hagglk -Yqargqw lha},(

wanv ra dknlì`ta( hk wtritk irbkrak kwvlti vkgmlwwlna a`tltæ tri gql í erayqa`ta lh

gkrbazzkhk - Irbqtqw qàdk,( gk` l`dluldql i`gma dl ktaukhl dlna`wlk`l @ahhk wtri.

tk irbq wtluk wl trkui`k gk` gkwti`zi lh ulbqr`k.tl`k -Ulbqr`qn tl`qw,( hi elhhlrai gk.

nqà -Vmlhh|rai nadli,( lh clàvrk rkwwk - Oq`lvarqw k}|gadrqw,( h“arlgi irbkrai - Arlgi

irbkrai,( na`k erayqa`tana`ta lh ha`tlwgk -Vlwtigli ha`tlwgqw, a lh bkwwk - Bq}qw

wanvarulra`w, @qnarkwa wk`k ha hlià tri gql hk wtrigglibricma -Wnlhi} iwvari,( hi

rkwi dl W Clkui``l - Rkwi wanvarulra`w,( hi rkbbli wahuitlgi - Rqbli varacrlì,( hi

ghanitlda elinnkhi -Ghanitlw ehinnqhi, Hk wtritk arbigak ihh“l`tar`k dah bkwgk ívkuarlwwlnk( gkna í tlvlgk dahha haggata vqra Tri ha a`tltæ vlü rlgkrra`tl wl vkwwk`k

gltira h“iwvirick vq`ca`ta - Iwviricqw igqtlekhlqw,( h“iwvha`lk nicclkra - Iwvha`lqn

Elc 9= Iwvattl dl wkwtltqzlkà wq wqbwtritl l` arkwlkà d ahhi wa.rla tlrra`lgi tarnkelhi dah hagglk wq iraìrli

Viawicclkdahha

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79

k`kvtarlw,( hi girlga nadltarri` ai -Gira} dlwtigm|i,( hi ulkhi dl Dam` mird t -Ulkhi ihbi

wwv dam`mirdtll,( lh glghinl`k vrlniuarlha -G|ghina` ravi`dqn,( h“lvkvltlda - Nk`ktrkvi

m|vkvlt|w,( lh elkr d l hacì - Hlnkdkrqn ibkrtluqn,

Hi uacatizlkà vraekrawtiha( nkhtk dleeqwi l` gk`wacqa`zi dahha erayqa`tl

gadqizlk`l( í rivv rawa`titi d i qì n iggmli wanvrauarda( d l ihtazzi nadli uirli.blha tri l 7 a l 5 n( i dkn lì`zi d l gkrbazzkhk - Irbqtqw qàdk, a arlgi irbkrai - Arlgi

irbkrai,( iggknvicìt l di ulbqr` k.tl`k -Ulbqr`qn tl`qw,( elhhlrai gknq à -Vmlhh|rai

hitlekhli,( clàvrk rkwwk - Oq`lvarqw k}|gadrqw,

Chl irbqwtatl dl tichli vlü biwwi ua`ck`k rlearltl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Vlwtiglk ha`tlwgl.

Oq`lvaratqn k}|gadrl? wl tritti dl ekrnizlk`l dl ihtazzi nadli -ittkr`k id 9(1 n, i

dkn lì`zi dl clàvrk rkwwk - Oq`lvarqw k}|gadrqw, a ha`tlwgk -Vlwtigli ha`tlwgqw,( gk`

nlrtk - N|rtqw gknnq`lw,( wtrigglibricma -Wnlhi} iwvari,( elhhlrai gknq à -Vmlhh|rai

hitlekhli, a l` ihgq` l giwl arlgi nq htlehkri - Arlgi nqhtlehkri,

Ha cirlcma gma wl wulhqvvi`k l` gk`tittk gk` chl irbqwtatl( l` wtizlk`l virtlgkhir.

na`ta irlda a girittarlzzita di awtawa vkrzlk`l d l iraìrli ieelkri` ta( wk`k gkwtltq.lta vrl`glvi hna`ta d i glwtk eannlì -Glwtqw wihulekhlqw,( iggknv icìtk di glwtk rkw.

wk -Glwtqw gratlgqw wwv arlkgavmihqw,( gltlwk irca`tak - Irc|rkhkblqn zi`k`ll,( tlnk

-Tm|nqw vqhaclkldaw,( varvatq l`l d“Ltihli - Mahlgmr|wqn ltihlgqn,( lwwkvk narldlkìha

- Nlgrknarli criagi, -Elc 9=,

Uara a vrkv rla vri tarla anlgrlvtkeltlgma `k` rlawgk`k i wulhqvvirwl l` yqawtk gkn.

vhawwk d l uacatizlkà( vrl`glvihna`ta i giqwi d ah gk`tawtk ghlnitlgk girittarlzzitk

dihhi nirgiti irldltæ awtlui Ha ga`kwl arbigaa( kua vrawa` tl( wk`k gkwtltqlta di ekr.

nizlk`l nlwta i dkn lì`zi dl ginaelta ad anlgrlvtkelta( l`tarnadla tri qì cirlci

a q` i v ritarli Awwa ua`ck`k l`yqid rita ihh“l`tar`k dahhi ghiwwa gma riccrqvvi ha

cirlcma - Rkwnirlàtai keelglìhlw, Ha wvagla dknlì`tl ihh“l`tar`k dl yqawta ekrni.zlk`l wk`k lh hl`k dahha eita nl`kra -Wtlvi brknkldaw, a lh trlekchl`k lrwq tk - Dkr|g`lqn

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Elc 9< Hqvl`qw i`cqwt lekhlqw



72

mlrwqtqn,( iggknv icìta d i qnarkwa ihtra v lggkha wvagla wqeerq tlgkwa i gqwglàttk

gkna hi eqniì gknqà -Eqniì vrkgqnba`w,( hi eqniì n adltarriài -Eqniì

arlgkldaw,( h“ahli`tank rqvl`k - Mahli`tmanqn kahi`dlgqn wwv kbwgqrqn,( tihkri lh

hqv l`k wahuitlgk - Hqvl`qw i`cqwtlekhlqw . Elc 26,

L` nkwilgk gk` hi uacatizlkà vara`à( àhha iraa vrlua dl wqkhk a àhha vlggkha

rid qra d ahhi cir lci( wl l`wadli`k ha ga`kwl aeelnara d l vlggkhi tichli i elkrltqri v ra.

gkga -tirdk vrlniuarlha, rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà nadltarriài Tqbarirlk cqttitia.

Vhi`ticlàtqn bahhirdl Ih wqk l`tar`k wl vkwwk`k kwwaruira d luarwa a`tltæ vkgk d le.

eqwa l` Qnbrli( vklgmì tlvlgma dachl inbla`tl gkwtlarl a wqbgkwtlarl( gkna lh elkr

cihhlìgglk gknq à -Tqbarirli cqttiti,( hi nl`qirzli nadltarriài - Nl`qirtli nadl.

tarriài,( khtra ihha vlü erayqa`tl aq ekrbli wkttlha - Aqvmkrbli a}lcqi,( vli`ticclà d l

Bahhirdl -Vhi`tick bahhirdl,( gichlk wkttlha -Cihlqn virlwla`wa,

Hi warla dah hagglk í hkgihlzziti vrl`glvihna`ta wqh N Nahk`ti a wql uarwi` tl dahhi

Uihha d ahh“Ahnk -wkvrittq ttk yq ahhk narldlkìha( l` wl`lwtri ld rkcrielgi,( kua í riv.

vrawa`titi di awtawlwwlna vkrzlk`l dl bkwgk a niggmli a( wkhk l` vlggkhi virta( di

erinna`tl dahha rawti`tl tivva dl wkwtltqzlkà

Iwvattl adieknawkelhl

@ahha wtizlk`l erawgma dl lnvhqulk a ahha ekrra hi uacatizlkà ekrawtiha wanv rauar.

da wl irrlggmlwga dl ahana`tl gidqglekchl( gkna lh garrk -Yqargqw garrlw,( lh glhlaclk

wahuitlgk -Vrq`qw iulqn,( lh wkrbk gknqà -Wkrbqw dknawtlgi,( h“igark hkvvlk - Igar

ginvawtra, @ahhk wtritk arbigak gknv ilk`k a`tltæ tlvlgma d al bkwgml d agldq l( gkna

Nahlgi q`lehkri a Gira} w|huitlgi Yqawta ekrnizlk`l ua`ck`k r learlta id q` i uirli`.

ta i Wkrbqw dknawtlgi dahhi haggati G|ghinl`k ravi`dl.Yqargatqn lhlglw

Hi uirli`ta i wkrbk dkn awtlgk í wtiti kwwaruiti hq`ck l vrl`glvihl lnvhqul vrawa`tlwql uarwi`tl d ahhi Uihha dah T Gmli`l( l` v irtlgkhira lh E dahh“Ahnk a lh E dl Nahk`ti

a Nk`tirwkà( a al ekwwl nl`krl Ih viwwicclk ahh“krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk gkhhlìra

wqv arlkra awwi l`dlgi lh gk`tittk gitaìha gk` h“ Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargatqn garrl

Di wacìhira hi vrawa`zi( l` ihgq`l lnvhqul dil uarwi`tl nkhtk igghlul( i uihha dl

Nkrri` k Uaggmlk( d l bkwgichla d l tichli nadli i d knlì`zi dl girv làhhi -Girvl`qw

krla`tihlw, L` yqawta ekrnizlk`l lh gkrtacclk ehkrlwtlgk `k` í vlü yqahhk dal bkwgml

wanvrauardl nad ltarriàl ni vrawa`ti q` “lnvrk`ti gmlirina`ta nawkelhi gkna íl`d lgitk d i wvagla yq ihl hi ulkhi wlhuawtra -Ulkhi ralgma`bigmliì,( hi vrlnq hi gknq à

-Vrlnqhi uqhcirlw,( h“lui gknq à - Ioqci ravti`w,( lh girv l`k bli` gk -Girvl`qw batqhqw,(

lh `kgglkhk -Gkr|hqw iuahhi i,

VIAWICCLK DAHHA NIR@A

GARRATI VRAIVVA@@L@LGI TLRRA@LGI TARNKELHI WQ NIR@A

Warla ghlnitkelhi vraivva``l`lgi tlrra`lgi wqbn awknad ltarriài aqtrkbiwlelhi dah

garrk

Hk`lgark }|hkwtal.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn

Vrl`glvihl wtidl dah hi Warlabkwgk? Hk`lgark }|hkwtal.Yqargatqn garrldlw

Viawic

clkdahha

nirà



77

ni`tahhk wglielhk? iccr i Vrq`qw wvl`kwi a Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira

ni`tahhk ahlkelhk? Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll uir i Gkrk`lhhi anarkldaw

krhk? iccr i Cari`lqn wi`cqlàqn

vritarli nawkelhi? Ga`tiqrak brigtaitia.Brknatqn aragtlvritarli }arkelhi? Gkrk`lhhk nl`lnia.Iwtricihatqn nk`wvawwqhi`l

cirlci? iccr i Glwtqw gratlgqw wwv arlkgavmihqw

cirlci biwwi? iccr i Mahlgmr|wqn ltihlgqn a Ralgmirdli vlgrkldaw

vritarli tarkeltlgi? Trlekhlk wgibrl.M|vkgmkarldatqn igm|rkvmkrl

Hi warla dah garrk wq n irà í vrawa`ta i yq kta gknv rawa tri glrgi 766 a 566 n whn(

wq wqbwtritk nir`kwk rivvrawa`titk dihha Ekrnizlk`l dahhi Wgichli glàrai a dah

Blwglirk( a dichl wtritl nir`kwk.gihgiral a irclhhkwk.nir`kwk.wlhtkwl ieelkri`tl àh.

h“inbltk dahhi Ekrnizlkà dah Niglc`k dah Nqcahhk Dih vq `tk d l ulwti blkghlnitlgk

gl trkulink àhhi Uirli`ta Wqbnadltarri` ai d ahhi Raclkà Blkghlnitlgi Tanv ariti(ihh“l`tar`k d ahh“Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk Gkhhlìra wqv arlkra( gk` Knbrktlvk Qn ldk

lèarlkra+ Wqbq nldk wqv arlkra

Hi uacatizlkà nitqri í rivv rawa`titi d i ekrnizlk`l ekrawtihl dagldqa i dknlì`zi

dl garrk gk` nirgitk girittara tarnkelhk: hi girittarlwtlgi v rl`glvi ha dl yq awtl bkwgml

í vrkvr lk yqahhi d l gk`taàra wli wvagla tlvlgma d al bkwgml gidq glekchl( gma a` tltævrkvrla dahha uacatizlk`l wanvrauardl nadltarriàa I dleeara`zi dal bkwgml

dahh“ Arlgk.Yqargatqn garrldlw( nkhtk wlnlhl dih vq `tk d l ulwti d ahh“ieel`ltæ ghlnitlgi(

ni` gi dah tqttk hi gknv kà`ta d l wvagla igldkelha Khtra ihhi wvagla dknlì`ta wk`k

vrawa`tl àhhk wtritk irbkrak lh hagglk -Yqargqw lha},( h“kr`lahhk -Eri}l`qw kr`qw,( hi

rkuarahhi -Yqargqw vqbawga`w,( h“igark hkvv lk - Igar ginvawtra,( tihkri lh girvl`k àrk-Kwtr|i girvl`lekhli, @ahhk wtritk irbqwtluk ha wvagla vlü erayqa`tl wk`k lh wi`cqlàhhk

Viawic

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nirà

@ W



74

Elc 26 Iwvattk lùarì ha dal n i`tahhl i Vrq`qw wvl`kwi a Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira( gkèrinn a`tl dl bkwgk l` wagk`dk vli`k ( dahhi warla dahhi garrati tarnkelhi wq nirà

-Gkr`qw wi`cqlài,( lh vrqc`khk -Vrq`qw wvl kwi,( lh givrlekchlk atrq wgk - Hk`lgari atrq.

wgi,( h“adari - Madari mahl},( lh clàvrk gknqà - Oq`lvarqw gknnq`lw,( a q narkwa wvagla

hli`kwa tlvlgma dal bkwgml dl wgharkelhha( yqihl hk wtrigglibricma -Wnlhi} iwvari,( hi

rkwi dl W Clkui``l - Rkwi wanvarulra`w,( hi rkbbli wahuitlgi - Rqbli varacrlì,( lh

givrlekchlk nadltarriàk - Hk`lgari lnvha}i, @ahhk wtritk arbigak wl rlùa`ck`k gk`

erayqa`zi hi ulkhi dl Dam`mirdt -Ulkhi ihbi wwv dam`mirdtll,( h“arbi.varhi izzqr ri

- Bqchkwwkldaw vqrvqrkgiarqhai,( h“a`q hi biggmarlì - L`qhi gk`|zi,( hi grkgattkì chibri

-Grqgliti chibri,( lh vihak d al bkwgml - Brigm|vkdlqn w|huitlgqn,( lh ekriwiggk nicclk.

ra - Brknqw rinkwqw,

Ha tivva dl wkwtltqzlkà wk`k rivvrawa`tita( var yqi`tk rlcqirdi ni`tahhl ad

irbqwtatl( di dqa tlvkhkcla vrl`glvihl Qì( i girittara wglielhk( wl wulhqvvi àhha

wtizlk`l knbrkwa a erawgma ad í dleeara`zliti di v rqc`khk -Vrq`qw wvl`kwi, a hlcqwtrk

- Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira,( iggknv icìta d i icizzl`k -V|rigi`tmi gkgglài,( barratti di

vrata - Aqk`|nqw aqrkviaqw, a bli`gkwvl`k gknqà -Gritiacqw nk`kc|ì, -Elc 26,

Q` “ihtri( id agkhkcli ahlkelhi a i n icclkr v kta`zliha lùiwluk dahha iraa ibbi`dk.

ìta( ulaà lùaga rlearlti ihh“iwwkglizlkà Wvirtlk oq`gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll àhhi

uirli`ta i Gkrk`lhhi anarkldaw( i dknlì`zi d l gkràtti dk`dkhlì -Gkrk lhhi anarqw

wwv anarkldaw, gk` rkwi d l W Clkui``l - Rkwi wanvarulra`w,( clàwtri kd krkwi -Wvirtlqn

oq`gaqn,( ultihbi -Ghanitlw ultihbi,( tinirk -Ti`qw gnnq`lw,( rkbbli wahuitlgi - Rqbli

varacrlì,

Chl krhl dl uacatizlkà gma wl wulhqv vi`k ahha iraa ivarta a dl ridqri ih nirclà tri

chl irbqwtatl a ha vritarla wk`k dleeara`zlitl di cari`lk wi`cqlc`k -Cari`lqn

wi`cqlàqn ,( ulkhi dl Dam`mirdt -Ulkhi ihbi wwv dam`mirdtll,( vihak rqvawtra

- Brigm|vkdlqn rqvawtra,( ahhabkrk v qzzkha`ta - Mahhabkrqw ekatldqw,( arbi.hlnkì gk.

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71

nqà - Nahlttlw nah|wwkvm|hhqn ,

Ha vritarla dl wkwtltqzlkà( nil nkhtk awtawa i giqwi dahh“qtlhlzzk i wgkvk icrirlk-wavv qra `k` l`ta`wluk, dl yqawtl tarrltkrl( wk`k riv vrawa`tita di brkn atl rlearlblhl

ihh“iwwkglizlkà Ga`tiqrak brigtaitia.Brknatqn aragtl Ha wvagla dkn lì`tl l` yq awta

ga`kwl wk`k lh ekriwiggk arattk - Brknqw aragtqw, a lh vihak rqvawtra - Brigm|vkdlqn

rqvawtra,( iggknv icìta di elkrdihlwk brittaitk -Ga`tiqrai brigtiaiti,( gichlk bli` gk

-Cihlqn ihbqn,( glgargmli dal vritl - Hitm|rqw vrita`wlw,( gichlk zkhel`k -Cihlqn uarqn,(

arbi nizzkhlì - Digt|hlw chknariti,( trlekchlk rkwwk -Trlekhlqn vrita`wa,( clàwtrl`k

gknq à - Hktqw gkr`lgqhitqw,( k`k`lda wvl`kwi -K`k`lw wvl`kwi,( nlhhaekchlk gknq à

- Igmlhhai gkhhlì,( vritkhlì gknqà - Bahhlw vara``lw,( eawtqgi eihiwgkì -Eawtqgi

irq`dlìgai, khtra id ihgqà krgmldaa gkna h“krgmldai nl`kra -Krgmlw nkrlk,( h“kr.

gmldai v lrinldiha - Iìginvtlw v|rinldihlw,( h“kerlda wgqri -Kvmr|w eqwgi,( lh birbk` aidrlitlgk - Mlni`tkchkwwqn idrlitlgqn,

Chl iwvattl dl vritarli }arkelhi( girittarlzzitl di gkvartq ra nkhtk d lwgk`tl`q a( ua`.

ck`k lùaga rlearltl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Gkrk`lhhk nl`lnia.Iwtricihatqn nk`wvawwqhi`l

Wl tritti dl ekrnizlk`l arbigaa nlwta anlgrlvtkeltlgma a ginaeltlgma( dleeara`zlita

di iwtricihk rkwitk - Iwtricihqw nk`wvawwqhi`qn ,( gkràtti nl`lni -Gkrk`lhhi nl`l.

ni,( hqv làhhi gknqà -K`kbr|gmlw ulgllekhli, -Elc 29,

Ha iraa l` arkwlkà( girittarlzzita di rkgglkwltæ ieelkri`ta a va`da`za nkhtk igga`.

tqita( ua`ck`k gkhk`lzzita di ekrnizlk`l vlk`lara dl cirlci a dl nlgrk.cirlci( i

girittara }arlgk( hi vrlna i dkn lì`zi dl glwtk rkwwk -Glwtqw gratlgqw wwv arlkgavmihqw,(

hi wagk`d i i dkn lì`zi dl varv atql`l d“Ltihli - Mahlgmr|wqn ltihlgqn, a gigglihavra- Ralgmirdli vlgrkldaw,( gk` uadkuahha dal vritl -Chkbqhirli gkrditi,( tlnk -Tm|nqw

Viawic

clkdahha

nirà

Elc 29 Uarwi`ta nir`kwk wkccattk i arkwlkà gihi`gmlekrna( gkhk`lzzitk dihha

vritarla }arlgma dahh“iwwkglizlkà Gkrk`lhhk.I wtricihatq n l` nkwilgk gk` hi

nlgrkcirlci id Mahlgmr|wqn ltihlgqn a Ralgmirdli vlgrkldaw( ihh“l`tar`k dahhi Warla

dahhi garrati tarn kelhi wq n irà



75

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

hk`clgiqhlw,( uadkulì nirlttlni -Wgiblkwi nirltlni, -Elc 29,

Ha rid qra l`tarà ihhi nlgrk.cirlci kwvlti`k hi uacatizlkà i``q iha dl vlggkhi ti.

chli dahh“iwwkglizlkà Trlekhlk wgibrl.M|vkgmkarldatqn igm|rkvmkrl( dleeara`zliti di

`qnarkwa wvagla arbigaa i elkrltqri vrlniuarlha yqihl hi gkwtkhlì i``qiha

- M|vkgmkarlw igm|rkvmkrqw,( lh trlekchlk wgibrk -Trlekhlqn wgibrqn,( h“ihlwwk i``qk

- Ih|wwqn ih|wwkldaw,( lh bqvhaqrk kdk`tlta - Bqvhaqrqn bihda`wa,( h“arbi.nad lgi nl`l.

ni - Nadlgick nl`lni uir ragti,( hi ridlggmlahhi nl`kra -Gravlw àchagti,( hi binbi.

cli - Nlgrkvqw aragtqw,( l varvatql`l nazzi`l - ]ari`tmanqn lìvartqn,( lh hl`k n l`k.

ra - Hl`qn wtrlgtqn,( hi hqv làhhi grawti dl cihhk -K`kbr|gmlw givqt.cihhl,

Hi Warla dah garrk wq nirà girittarlzzi lh tarrltkrlk gma di Nk`taclkua a

Nk`tacibblkà wga`da el`k i Virri`k a Khaukha( viwwi`dk var Garyqatk a Giwtah

dal Elkrl @ah wattkra `krd .krla`tiha í dleeqwi wq l uarwi`tl kgglda`tihl dah N Glttædl Eihhari a àl dl`tkr`l d l Wi`cqlàtk Hi zkì i wqd dl Rktagiwtahhk uada l`khtra

q`“invli d leeqwlkà dl yqawta garrata

Yqawti Warla dæ krlclà l` nkhtl giwl id q ` gknv hawwk nkwilgk d l uacatizlkà gk`

hi Warla d ahh“Arlgk.Yqargatqn garrlw( ih uirlira dah wqbwtritk Ha dqa Warla kggqvi`k

lèittl hk wtawwk Krlzzk`ta blkghlnitlgk L erin na` tl dl uacatizlkà ekrawtiha ìtq .

riha wk`k `q narkwl ni caàrihna`ta dl nkd awta dlna`wlk`l

VIAWICCLK I_K@IHA DAHHA WVK@DA

Hi uacatizlkà izkìha í yqahhi gma rlwa`ta na`k d ahha gk`dlzlk`l blkghlnitlgma a

dah wqbwtritk cakhltkhkclgk dah hqkck l` gql wl wulhqvvi( awwa`dk gkrrahiti vrl`gl.

vihna`ta ihhi vrawa`zi d ahh“ahana` tk ldr lgk( wli wkttk ekrni d l igyqi wq varelgliha(gkrra`ta k wticì`ta( gma wkttk ekrni dl eihdi eraitlgi -vqrgmì wqeelgla`tan a`ta vrkw.

wlni ihhi wqvarelgla,

@ah gknv ra`wkrlk dah N Vachli ha tlvkhkcla d l uacatizlkà izkìha wk`k rlgk`dq .

glblhl ih viawicclk dahha wvk`da ehqulihl( gma wl wulhqvvi( l` ekrni vlü k na`k

erinn a`tirli i wagk`d i d al giwl( l` eiwga virihhaha il gkrwl d “igyqi dl uirlk krdlà

Hi dlwtrlbqzlkà l` eiwga í giqwiti d ih eittk gma ha d luarwa tlvkhkcla d l uacatizlkà

rlvirliha ta`dk`k i gkhhkgirwl wagk`dk q` cridla`ta dl lcrkelhli dagrawga`ta ni`

ni`k gma gl wl ihhk`tiì dihhi wvk`di( el`k id a`trira l` gk`tittk wvizliha gk` hi

uacatizlkà ghlnitkelhi d l uarwi`ta

H“mibltit wvk`dlgkhk í nkhtk gknv hawwk a vrawa`ti `ktaukhl uirlizlk`l wli àh tan.vk -l` rahizlkà i h raclna ldr lgk d al gkrwl d “igyqi, gma àhhk wvizlk -l` rahizlkà

ihhi dlwti`zi dihh“ihuak, I gknvhlgira qhtarlkrna`ta hi hattqri dah viawicclk wq.

ba`tri h“ahana`tk i`trkvlgk( gma àhhi cri`da nicclkri`zi dal giwl mi ihtaritk hi

ìtq riha dlwtrlbqzlkà d ahhi uacatizlkà( wkttria`d kha wvizlk ad lnvkuara`d kà

hi wtrqttqri a hi gknv kwlzlkà ehkrlwtlgi

Uacatizlkà irbqwtlui ad irbkrai

Hi uacatizlkà irbq wtlui i dkn lì`zi d l wihlga rkwwk -Wihl} vqrvqrai, gma wl wulhqv.

vi wqhha ihhqulk`l ehqulihl ittqi hl( hkgihlzzi`dkwl ahhi eiwgli v lü vrkwwlni ihh“ihuak(l` gk`tittk gk` lh gkrwk d “igyqi( ui rlearlti ihh“iwwkglizlkà Wivkìrlk keelglìhlw.



73

Wihlgatqn vqrvqraia Wl tritti d l ekrnizlk`l i girittara vlk`lark( wkccatta i erayqa`tl

l`k`d izlk`l Yqawta ga`kwl wk`k tlvlgina`ta viqglwvaglelgma( vklgmí wk`k l`taraw.

wita di ivv krtl varlkdlgl dl hlnl a ei`cml gma `k` gk`wa`tk`k hi ekrnizlkà dl q `

uark wtritk arbigak Tri ha wvagla vlü erayqa`tl wl vkwwk`k rlgkrdira hi wivkìrli

gknq` a -Wivk irli keelglìhlw,( hi tkwwlhicclà gknq à -Tqwwlhick eireiri,( l givv ahhl`l

gknq`l - Icrkwtlw wtkhk`leari,( lh ulhqggmlkà -Gih|wtacli wavlqn, Lh wihlgatk i wihlga

rkwwk í vrawa`ta gk` erayqa`zi hq`ck l gkrwl d“gyqi dl kc`l krdlà

@ahhi eiwgli lnn adlitina`ta i n k`ta d ah Wivkìrlk.Wihlgatqn vqrvqraia( wq ihhq.

ulk`l ehqulihl tarrizzita( ittqihl a raga`tl( wl wulhqvvi`k ha ekrawta i cihharli i

dknlì`zi dl wihlga bli`gk -Wihl} ihbi, dahh“iwwkglizlkà Wihlgatqn ihbia Yqawtk

wihlgatk irbkrak í gkrrahitk id q` “ittlultæ awk`ditlui na`k nirgiti rlwvattk ih vra.

gada`ta( ni gknq` yqa v rawa`ta Hk wtritk irbq wtluk í caàrihna`ta gkwtltqltk di

wi`cq làhhk -Gkr`qw wi`cqlài,( rkuk bhqiwtrk - Rqbqw giawlqw , a rkuk gknq` a - Rqbqw

qhnlekhlqw, Eri ha hlià dknlì` k h“adari - Madari mahl} ,( lh hqvvkhk - Mqnqhqw hqvqhqw ,

a hi ultihbi -Ghanitlw ultihbi, @ahhk wtritk arbigak wk`k erayqa`tl h“ayqlwatk

rinkwlww lnk - Ayqlwatqn rinkwlwwlnqn, ( hi giìvi igyqitlgi - Aqvitkrlqn

gi`ìbl`qn,( lh clicclkhk igyqitlgk - Lrlw vwaqdigkrqw,( hi girlga nicclkra -Gira}

va`dqhi, Lh Wihlgatqn ihbia í dleeqwk hq`ck ha wvk`da dal vrl`glvihl gkrwl d “igyqi(

ni í caàrihna`ta rldkttk id q` i eiwgli dl hircmazzi awlcqi

L` gk`tittk gk` lh wihlgatk i wihlga bli`gk wl wulhqvvi`k ha ga`kwl bkwgmlua i

dkn lì`zi d l k`ti`k àrk - Ih`qw chqtl`kwi . Elc 22, dahh“iwwkglizlkà Irk ltihlgl.

Ihàtqn chqtl`kwia Yqawti uacatizlkà wl l`wadli caàrihna`ta àhha zkà `k` vlüwkccatta id l`k`dizlkà a yq l`dl wq wqkhl vlqttkwtk nitq rl Tri ha wvagla vlü era.

yqa`tana`ta rlùa`lblhl ih wqk l`tar`k wl vkwwk`k na`zlkìra hi dq hginiri -Wkhi`qn

dqhginiri,( hi girlga tichla`ta -Gira} igqtlekrnlw,( lh ri`q `gkhk wtrlwgli`ta - Ri`q`gqhqw

Viawicclkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

Elc 22 Ih`qw chqtl`kwi



7=

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

rava`w,( h“arbi wkhdlì - H|wlnigmli `qnnqhirli,( lh winbq gk àrk -Winbqgqw `lcri,(

h“ayqlwatk dal ginvl - Ayqlwatqn irua`wa, Hi wqi v rawa`zi í nkhtk vlü riraeitti d l

yqahhi d ahha ga`kwl vragada`tl: í wtiti kwwaruiti awghqwluina`ta wql tarrizzl d ah T

Gmli`l àh trittk ihh“l`glrgi gknvrawk tri Virri`k a Nkrri`k

Wql cratl glkttkhkwl dal gkrwl d “igyqi nicclkrl wk`k vrawa`tl erinn a`tl dl uacati.

zlkà ekrawtiha i dknlì`zi dl v lkvvk ark -Vkvqhqw lcri . Elc 27, a wihlga bli` gk

-Wihl} ihbi,( rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Wihlgl.Vkvqhatqn `lcria Ui gk`wldaritk lh eittk

gma nkhtk wvawwk l vkv khina`tl dl vlkvvk ark d arlui`k d i lnv li`tl irtlelglihl Tri

ha wvagla vlü erayqa`tl l` yqawtl inbla`tl gl wk`k lh bli`gkwvl`k gknq à -Gritiacqw

nk`kc|ì,( lh hlcqwtrk - Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira,( hi clrirdlì wlhuawtra - Iackvkdlqn

vkdicrirli,( lh cari` lk dl W Rkbartk -Cari`lqn rkbartli`qn,( hi girlga nicclkra -Gira}

va`dqhi, Yqawti tlvkhkcli dl uacatizlkà í vkgk d leeqwi ad í wtiti kwwaruiti wkhk

hq`ck braul tri ttl dah T Gmli`l

@ahhi eiwgli v lü awtarì dah wlwtani d l uacatizlkà rlvirliha( yqi`dk yqawti k` íkggqviti dil ginvl( tihukhti i`gma l` gkrrlwvk`da`zi dl ekwwl i raclna varlkdlgk

vqrgmí l wqkhl wli`k wqeelgla`tana`ta qnldl a vlqttkwtk nitqrl( wl hkgihlzzi`k ha

ekrnizlk`l i dkn lì`zi d l vlkvvk giàwga`ta -Vkvqhqw giàwga`w . Elc 24, Lh vlkv.

vk giàwga`ta í q` lbrldk ìtq riha wtiblhlzzitk rlwqhti`ta dihh“l`grkglk dah vlkvv k

bli`gk -Vkvqhqw ihbi, gk` lh vlkvv k tranq hk -Vkvqhqw tranqhi, Awwk v rawa`ti girit.

tarl nkrekhkclgl l`tarn adl tri ha dqa a`tltæ dihha yqihl darlui( ni í caàrihna`ta

gk`wldaritk wv agla i wì wti`ta Yqawti wvagla tkhhari l wqkhl vawi`tl a irclhhkwl a wan.

bri iuara dleeqwlkà wkvrittqttk àl ghlnl wqbnadltarriàl( dkua uarkwlnlhna`ta

ulgirli lh vlkvv k bli`gk @ahha ga`kwl kwwaruita h“khnk -Qhnqw nl`kr , í yqiwl wan.

vra v rawa`ta( iggi`tk i d luarwa wvagla irbqwtlua a q narkwa arbigaa yqihl hi gk`wk.

hldi eannlì -W|nvm|tqn tqbarkwqn wqbwv `kdkwqn,( hi nahlgi gknqà - Nahlgi

Elc 27 Vkvqhqw `lcri



7<

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

q`lehkri,( lh ri`q`gkhk warvaccli`ta - Ri`q`gqhqw rava`w,( hi wtrackì dal bkwgml

-Wtigm|w w|huitlgi, Vlqttkwtk nirgiti hi vrawa`zi dl wv agla nadltarriàa gkna h“iwvi.

rick vq` ca`ta - Iwviricqw igqtlekhlqw,( hi elhhlrai gknq à -Vmlhh|rai hitlekhli,( hi rkbbli

wahuitlgi - Rqbli varacrlì, gma m i`` k uihkra d l d leeara`zlihl rlwvattk ihha ihtra ekr.nizlk`l irbkraa rlvirlihl ( id l`dlgira qì garti gkrrahizlkà gk` lh ghlni

wqbnadltarriàk Yqawta ekrnizlk`l ekrawtihl wk`k dleeqwa hq`ck l gkrwl d “igyqi

vrl`glvihl

Hi eiwgli vlü awtarì dah wlwtani dahhi uacatizlkà wvk` dlgkhi í yqahhi girittarlz.

ziti dihh“khnk -Qhnqw nl`kr . Elc 21,( gma l` gk`dlzlk`l ìtqrihl wl wulhqvvi wql

tarrizzl dahh“qhtlnk krd là Hi wvagla ivvira kccl rahaciti yq iwl awghqwluina`ta i

elhirl a wlavl l`tarv kdarihl( gma l` nkhtl giwl gkwtltqlwgk`k ha q htlna uawtlcli dl q ì

uacatizlkà krnil l`tarin a`ta wkvv li`titi d ihha gkhtluizlk`l l`ta`wlua L` gk`d l.

zlk`l itqrihl h“khnk dæ krlclà i ekrnizlk`l biwwk.irbkraa girittarlzzita di ahaui.

ta gkvartq ra d l irbqwtl( vrl`glvihna`ta lh vrqc` khk -Vrq`qw wvl`kwi,( lh wi`cq làhhk-Gkr`qw wi`cqlài,( lh hlcqwtrk - Hlcqwtrqn uqhcira,( lh bli`gkwvl`k gknqà -Gritiacqw

nk`kc|ì,( lh rkuk gknq` a - Rqbqw qhnlekhlqw,

Uacatizlkà arbigai tarrawtra ad ldrkeltlgi

Hi uacatizlkà arbigai vihqwtra ad igyqitlgi í nkhtk vkgk rivvrawa`titi ahh“irai

dah Nk`ta Vachli( hlnlti`dkwl i erinna`tl dlwtrlbqltl hq`ck ha wvk`da dal gkrwl

d “igyqi vrl`glvihl

Hq`ck lh gkrwk dah T Gmli`l( àhh“qhtlnk trittk vrlni dahhi gkèhqa`zi gk` lh E

Vichli( l` gkrrlwvk`da`zi dl qì uaggmli gmlqwi irtlelgliha dl trk`gml gma mi ditkkrlclà id qì wkrti dl lwkhkttk( wk`k vrawa`tl ihgq`l l`tarawwi`tl erinna`tl dl

Elc 24 Vkvqhqw giàwga`w



46

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

girlgatk i girlga ahiti -Gira} ahiti, l`yqidriblha àhh“iwwkglizlkà Girlgatqn ahitia(

gma l` Qnbrli í nkhtk riri a `kti wkhk var vkgmlwwlna hkgihltæ Wl tritti dl qì

eltkga`kwl tlvlgi dl wtizlk`l gk` igyqa nawk. k aqtrkelgma( girittarlzzita di ekrtl

uirlizlk`l d l hluahhk L gawvl wk`k glrgk`ditl di q `k wtritk d l ekchla nkrta a vkwwk`k

ricclq`cara q`“ihtazzi niwwlni d l =6 gn: vlü ihtk í lh hluahhk niwwlnk dahh“igyqidqri`ta h“i``k -d l rackhi l` v rlniuari,( vlü ihtl wk`k l gawvl dl Gira} ahiti Ihtra

wvagla vrawa`tl wk`k hi na`ti igyqitlgi - Na`tmi iyqitlgi,( hi gi``qggli dl vihqda

-Vmricnltaw iqwtrihlw,( hi nizzi d “krk gknq à - H|wlnigmli uqhcirlw,( hi wi hgarahhi gk.

nqà - H|tmrqn wihlgirli, h“arbi.waci gknqà - H|gkvqw aqrkviaqw,

Wanv ra hq`ck lh T Gmli`l wk`k wtitl kwwaruitl ihgq` l hinlàtl i dkn lì`zi dl briwgi

gknq` a -Vktinkcatk` ìti`w,( rlearlblhl ihh“iwwkglizlkà Vktinatqn ìti`tlw

L` ekrni n khtk erinna`tirli wk`k vkl vrawa`tl vlggkhl vkvkhin a`tl d l gkhtahhigglk

nicclkra -Wvirci`lqn aragtqn,( hlwgi n icclkra -T|vmi hitlekhli,( gi``q ggli dl vi hq.

da -Vmricnltaw iqwtrihlw,( clicclkhk igyq itlgk - Lrlw vwaqdigkrqw . Elc 25,

Uacatizlkà dahha vkzza tanvkriàa

Wul`gkhiti dih wlwtani dahhi uacatizlkà rlvirliha( ni gknq `yqa d lva`d a`ta dihhi

vrawa`zi( wavvqr dlwgk`tl`qi( dahh“ahana`tk ldrlgk( í hi uacatizlkà dahha vkzza

tanv kriàa Wl tritti d l inbla`tl nkhtk v irtlgkhirl a vracaukhl var hi virtlgkhirltæehkrlwtlgi gma ti hkri hl gk`triddlwtl`cq a Hi hkrk ca` awl í gkrrahiti ihhi vrawa`zi d l

ha`tl dl irclhhi ah wqbwtritk gma( ica`d k gkna gitl`l lnv arnaiblhl( eiukrlwgk`k ah

varlkdk v rlniuarlha hi tanvkriài v arnià`zi dl v lggkhl wvaggml d “igyqi dawtl.

ìtl i v rkwglqcirwl cridq ihna`ta gk` h“iui`zira dahhi wticlkà awtlui Hi hkrk ì.

tqri tanv kriài `k` gk`wa`ta yql`d l hk wulhqvv k dl gknq `ltæ rlvir lihl k vihqwtrl(

ni kvari qì wahazlkà wqhhi ehkri kwvlti`dk wvagla aeelnara k v ara``l lh gql wul.

Elc 21 Qhnqw nl`kr

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da



49

Viawic

clkizkìhadahhaw

vk`da

Elc 25 Lrlw vwaqdigkrqw

hqvv k uacatitluk vrkgada dl virl viwwk gk` h“aukhqzlkà d ahhi vkzzi wtawwi

Nkhtk dleeqwi l` yqawtl inbla`tl í hi uacatizlkà i clq`gk gknqà - Oq`gqw aeeqwqw,

Hi wvagla dknlì`ta dæ krlclà i vkv khina`tl yq iwl nk`kwv aglelgl ad í iggknvi.

cìti d i vkgma ihtra a`tltæ( yqihl lh ri`q `gkhk warvaccli`ta - Ri`q`gqhqw rava w ,( hi

uark`lgi igyqitlgi -Uark`lgi iìcihhlw.iyqitlgi,( hi girlga uarda.vihhldi -Gira}

vihhawga`w, a hi girlga i wvlcma d lwti`zlita -Gira} dlwti`w, Yq awta ekrn izlk`l wl wul.

hqvv i`k l` vkzza vrkek`da ihna`k 26 gn Oq`gqw aeeqwqw mi q`“agkhkcli nkhtk inv li

a l vkv khina`tl gql dæ krlclà `k` wk`k wanv ra ghiwwlelgiblhl gkna iwwkglizlkà i

wì Wl rlùa`ck`k i`gma l` inbla`tl dlwtqrbitl dihh“qkn k gkna v rawwk wa`tlarl a

ulkttkhl

Ha vlggkha vkzza i biwwi v rkek`dltæ -96.91 gn, wk`k lùaga gkhk`lzzita d ihhi hlwgi

dahha vkzza - Lwkhavlw gar`qi,( glvarigai i``q iha dl vlggkha dlna`wlk`l vlqttkwtk riri

var hi raclkà Ihtra wvagla v rawa`tl ihh“l`tar`k d l yqawta l`tarawwi`tl ga`kwl wk`k lh

hl`k d “igyqi -Winkhqw uihari`dl, a lh ri`q`gkhk wirdk - Ri`q`gqhqw wirdkqw, Yq awtl

iwvattl uacatizlkìhl wk`k vrawa`tl ihh“l`tar`k dah Bkwgk dahh“Ahnk

Gk` uahl d “igyqi v rkek`dl vkgml gn wl wulhqv vi hi uacatizlkà lcrkelhi aeelnari i

dknlì`zi d l vlggkhl clq` gml i`` qihl( vrl`glvihna`ta lh clq` gk i givkhl`k - Oq`gqw

givltitqw,( lh clq`gk i``q iha - Oq`gqw bqek`lqw , a lh clq`gk dahha vkzza - Oq`gqw taìcaoi,(

iggknv icìta d i v kgma ihtra a`tltæ gkna lh k`tlwgkrdirdlnì rinkwlwwlnk - N|kwktlw

rinkwlwwlni, a hi wihgarahhi i`` qiha - H|tmrqn m|wwkvlekhli,

Ha gknq`ltæ uacatihl hacita lùaga ih vrkcrawwluk dlwwaggina`tk d ahha vkzza wk`k

girittarlzzita di wiclì wa`zi vatihl -Wiclì ivatihi,( wvagla d l v lggkhlwwlna dlna`.

wlk`l gma gkhk`lzzi ha wqv arelgl ei`ckwa hiwglita wgkvarta d ih rltlrirwl dahha igyqa clæwqh el`lra dahhi vrlniuari Yqawti ga`kwl tkhhari i`gma q` gartk dlwtq rbk hacitk ih

gihvawtlk



42

Wgmani wl`tiwwk`knlgk

VKTINATAI Jhlji l` Jhlji % @ku éj 9<49

VKTINATIHLI Jkgm 9<25

@|nvmialk` ihbia Kbard 9<13

Vktinatqn ìti`tlw Wk÷ 9<23

VMRICN LTK.NIC@KGIRLGATAI Jhlji l` Jhlji % @kuéj 9<49NIC@KGIRLGATIHLI Vlcì ttl 9<14

Nic`kgirlglk` ahitia Jkgm 9<25

Girlgatqn ahitia Jkgm 9<25

VKH\CK@K [email protected] I@ @Q IA Rlu.Nirt 9<31

VKH\CK@K [email protected] I@@QIA Tø}a` l` Cìmq ( Rlgmird at Tø}a` 9<32 gkrr Rlu.Nirt 9<=<

Vkh|girvlk` tatrivm|hhl Rlu.Nirt 9<31

Iccr i Wiclì ivatihi

WTAHHIRLATAI NADLIA Tø}a`( Hkmna|ar % Vralwl`c a} uk` Rkgmks 9<19

BRKNATIHLI [email protected] -Rlu.Ckd at Rlu.Nirt 9<57, Rlu.Nirt at Lzgk 9<37

Tia`litmark.Iaclhkvlk` ca`lgqhitia Rlu.Nirt at Lzgk 9<33

iccr i Nahlhktqw àivkhltiì a Ulgli bltm|`lgi

TRLEKHLK.CARI@LATAI WI@CQL@AL Nø hhar 9<52KRLCI@ATIHLI UQHCIRLW Nø hhar 9<52

Trlekhl k` nadll Nø hhar 9<52

Dlcltihl nlgri` tmia.Mahhabkrat qn bkggkàl Blk`d l( Gir`l( Uicca( Tieeati` l % Bihhahhl 2669

Cari`lk` wi`cqlàl Tø}a` l` Nø hhar 9<52

Iccr i Hitm|rqw `lcar a Taqgrlqn wlgqhqn

Iccr i L`qhi wihlglì a Dkr|g`lqn va`tivm|hhqn wwv marbigaqn

Iccr i Cari`lqn wi cqlàqn

NAHINV\RK.M KHGATIHLI NKHHLW Viwwirca 9<3<

Nahinv|rlk` v rita`wlw Viwwirca 9<3<

iccr i Ulkhi gi lì a Mkhgqw nkhhlw

iccr i Ca`lwti tl`gtkrli a Ga`tiqrai lcrawga`w wwv àivkhltiì

MAHLI@TM ANATAI CQTTITL -Br.Bh l` Br.Bh( Rkqww là % @ícra 9<12, Rluiw Ckd i| % Rluiw.Nirt î az 9<57 an Rluiw.

Nirtî az 9<3=

TRIGM\@LATIHLI D\WTIGMLIA Rlu.Nir t 9<3=

Trigm|`lk` d|wtigmlia Rlu.Nirt 9<3=

Trlekhlk wgibrl.M|vkgmkarldatqn igm|rkvmkrl Hivriz a} Blk`dl( Lzgk( Bihhahhl % Ekrnlgi 9<<3

M AHLI@TMANATIHLI CQTTITL Br.Bh l` Br.Bh( Nkhl` lar % Sic` ar 9<46

Tqbarirlk` cqttitia Br.Bh( l` Br.Bh( Nkhl` lar % Sic` ar 9<46

Vhi`tick bahhirdl.Tqbari rlatqn cqttitia Iq bart at Hklwah 9<39

iccr i Vkh|cihi nk`wvahligi a I lri ahaci`w

EAWTQGK.BRKNATAI ARAGTL Br.Bh % Tø}a` a} Br.Bh 9<4<

BRKNATIHLI ARAGTL Br.Bh 9<75

IRTANLWLK IHBA.BRKNA@IHLI ARAGTL Blk`d l( Bihhahhl( Ihhacrazzi % _q ggirahhk 9<<1

Vmhak inblcql.Brknlk` aragtl Blk`d l % Bhiwl a} Blk`d l( Bihhahhl( Ihhacrazzi % _qggirahhk 9<<1

Brlzk n adlia.Brkn atq n a ragtl Brq `k l` Brq `k at Gkuira hhl 9<5= gkrr Blk`d l at Bihhahhl 9<=2

Iwvarqhk vqrvqraia.Brknatqn aragtl Blk`dl at Bihhahhl a} Blk`dl( Bihhahhl( Ihhacrazzi at _qggirahhk 9<<1

gavmihirlatkwqn haqgi`tmia Bihdk`l( Bihhahhl( Blk`dl( Gitkrgl at Krwkni`dk 9<<5HAQGI@TMANK UQHCIRLW.BRKNA@IHLI ARAGTL Blk`d l( Bihhahhl( Ihhacrazzi % _q ggirahhk 9<<1

Brknlk` aragtl S Jkgm 9<25

Trlekhlk l`girìtl.Brknatq n aragtl Kbardkrear at Mkeni` ` 9<53

iccr i Brknqw aragtqw a Icrkwtlw ta`qlw

Gkrk`lhhk nl`lnia.Iwtricihatqn nk`wvawwqhi`l Blk`dl % Bihhahhl l` Blk`dl( Bihhahhl % Vrl`glvl 9<=1

Ga`tiqrak brigtaitia.Brknatqn aragtl Blk`dl( Bihhahhl( Ihhacrazzi( Cqltli` % Tieeati`l 9<=5

WADK.WGHARI@TMATAI Br.Bh 9<11

Ih|wwk.Wadatihli ihbl Nkriuag 9<53

Ih|wwk.Wadlk` ihbl Kbard % T Nø hhar l` T Nø hhar 9<59

Vatrkrmiclk wi}lericia.Wadatq n wa}i`cqhirlw Uaì`z k`l at Clci`ta 9<<<

[email protected]@ITMARATAI AHITLKRLW Tø}a` 9<73

M KHKWGMKA@ATIHLI UQHCIRLW Br.Bh a} Tgmkq 9<4=

Nkhl`lk.Mkhkwgmka`lk` uqhcirlw Br.Bh a} Tgmkq 9<4=Iccr i Oq`gqw aeeqwqw

Wgman

iwl`tiwwk

`knlgk



47

LWKÊTK.OQ@GATAI BQEK@LL Br.Bh at Tø}a` a} Sawtmkee( Dloj at Viwwgmlar 9<45

@i`kg|varatihli Jhlji 9<71

@i`kg|varlk` Jkgm a} Hlbbart 9<72

Iccr i Oq`gqw bqek`lqw

Iccr i Lwkhavlw gar`qi

GIHHQ@ K UQHCIRLW.QHLGATAI Br.Bh % Tø}a` a} Jhlji % Mid ig 9<44

QHLGATIHLI NL@KRLW Yq i`t l` 9<71 gkhh vrkuuCa`lwtk.Uiggl`lk` Br.Bh 9<25 gkhh vrkuu

Di`tmk` lk dagqnba`tlw.Gihhqàtq n uq hcirlw Vadrkttl 9<=2

RKWNIRL@ATAI KEELGL@IHLW Rlu.Nirt( Dî iz( Vrlatk( Hkldl % Vaìw 9<<9

RKWNIRL@ATIHLI KEELGL@IHLW Br.Bh a} N khl`lar 9<74

Glwtk arlkgavmihl.Arlglk` nqhtlehkria Blk`dl 2666

Iccr i Glwtqw gratlgqw wqbwv arlkgavmihqw

Iccr i Wtlvi brknkldaw a Dkr|g`lqn mlrwqtqn

Iccr i Glwtqw wihulekhlqw

Irtanlwlk ihbia.Witqraolk` nk`tiìa Ihhacrazzi( Blk`dl( Ekrn lgi % Bihhahhl 9<<3

Iccr i Mah|gmrlwqn ltihlgqn a Ralgmirdli vlgrkldaw

RMIN@ K.VRQ@ATAI WVL@KWIA Rlu.Ckd % Bkroi a} Tø}a` 9<52

VRQ@ATIHLI WVL@KWIA R Tø}a` 9<12

G|tlwlk` wawwlhle khll Blk`d l l` Blk`d l( Ihhacrazzi % Cqltli` 9<==Wvirtlk oq` gal.G|tlwatqn wawwlhlekhll Blk`d l( Ihhacrazzi % Cqltli` 9<==

oq`lvaratkwqn k}|gadrl Bhiwl( Ekrtl`l at Dl Vlatrk 2669

uir i Rmin`qw ihitar`qw

uir i Gkrk`lhhi anarkldaw

Iwvirick igqtlekhll.Kw|rldatqn ihbia Ihhacrazzi( Blk`dl( Ekrnlgi % Bihhahhl 9<<3

Vrq`k.Rqblk` qhnlekhll K Bkhòw 9<14

Wirktminà`lk` wgkvirll Kbard -9<3<, 9<=7

Gihhq`k uq hcirlw.Wirktmin àtqn wgkvirll Nihg 9<2< an Kb ard 9<13

WIHLGATAI VQRVQRAIA Nkkr 9<1=

WIHLGATIHLI VQRVQRAIA Nkkr 9<1=

Wihlglk` ihbia Wk÷ 9<76

Wihlgatqn ihbia Lwwhar 9<25

Wihlglk` ahaic`l Ilgm 9<77

Wivkì rlk k eelglìhlw.Wihlgatqn vq rv qraia -Br.Bh 9<76, Tgmkq 9<45

YQARGATAI LHLGLW Br.Bh a} I % K Bkhkw 9<16

YQARGATIHLI LHLGLW Br.Bh a} N kh 9<74 an Rlu.Nir t 9<31

Eri}l`k kr`l.Yqarglk` lhlglw Blk`dl( Giwiuaggmli at Clci`ta 2667

G|ghinl`k ravi`dl.Yqargatqn lhlglw Rlu.Nirt( Gi`t÷( Ear`é`daz.Ck`zéhaz % Wé`gmaz.Niti 9<<1

VLWTIGLK [email protected]@ATIHLI IHITAR@L Rlu.Nirt 9<31

Khak.Garitk`lk` wlhlyqia Br.Bh a} Cq l`kgmat % Drkq làiq 9<44 an Rlu.Nirt 9<31

Vlwtiglk ha`tlwgl.Oq` lvaratq n k}| gadr l Ihhacrazzi( Blk`dl( Ekrn lgi % Bihhahhl 9<<3

Arlglk` irbkraia -Rluiw.Nirtî az a} Rluiw.Nirtî az ( Gkwti % Lzgk 9<=5, Rluiw.Nirtî az 9<=3

Arlga`lk` irbkraia Rluiw.Nirt î az( Gkwt i % Lzgk 9<=5

Arlgk irbkraia.Irbqtatq n q àd k`lw Nkhl`lar 9<73

Glwtk l`gi`l.Arlgatqn wgkvirlia Blk`dl( Krwkni`dk( Bihdk`l % Gitkrgl 9<<1

YQARGK.EICATAI W\HUITLGIA Br.Bh % Uhlac l` Uhlac 9<73EICATIHLI W\HUITLGIA Vis h l` Vis h( Wkjkhks wjl % Sihhlwgm 9<2=

Ar|tmrk`lk da`tlw.gi`lw.Girvl`lk` batqhl -Mkruit 9<1=, Nirl`gaj l` Sihh`õear( Nq glì at Cri ww 9<<7

Vqhnkìrlk iva``lìa.Girvlà`l k` ba tqhl Blk`d l( Giwiuaggmli( Vl`zl( Ihhacrazzi at Bihdk`l 2662

Girvl`k batqhl.Gkr|hatqn iuahhiìa Bihhahhl( Blk`dl at Vadrkttl 9<=6

YQARGATIHLI [email protected] Jhlji 9<77 gkrr Nkriuag l` Bacql` at Tmaq rlhhit 9<=4

Girvl`lk` krla`tihlw Mkru it 9<1=

Hibqr`k iìc|rkldlw .Kwtr|a`lk` girvl`lekhlia -Qbihd l 9<=9, Vkhd l`l 9<<6

Wgqtahhirlk gkhqnìa.Kwtr|atqn girvl`lekhlia Vadrkttl( Bihhahhl % Blk`dl a} Vadrkttl( Bihhahhl( Blk`dl( Gkrtl`l %

Krwkni` dk 9<=6

g|tlwatkwqn wawwlhlekhll Blk`d l( Ihhacrazz i( Tieeati`l % Clq wtl`l( 9<<6

uir i Yqargqw garrlw

Hiqrk `kb lhlw.Yqa rga`lk` vq bawga`tlw Qbihdl -9<==, 9<<1

Hk`lgark }|hkwtal.Yqargatqn garrldlw Blk`dl at Ihhacrazzi 9<<7 an Blk`dl at ih 2662

Taqgrlk wlgqhl.Yqarglk` garrldlw Qbihdl -9<==, 9<<1 an Wgkvvkhi % Elhawl 9<<1

Gavmihi`tmark hk`clekhlia.Yqargatqn garrldlw Wgkvvkhi % Elhawl 9<<=uir i Girvl`qw batqhqw

Arlgk ir bkraia.Yqargatqn garrldlw Irrlck`l l` Irrlck`l( Nizzi` tl % Rlgglarl 9<<6

Wgman

iwl`tiwwk

`knlgk



44

Blbhlkcrieli awwa`zliha

Birwihl A( 9<2<.9<77 Vrkd rkn k dahhi Ehkri q nbri @ Clkr` Bkt Ltih( `w( 75? 14=.

527: 7= -4,? 524.5=<: 7< -2,? 745.491: 7< -7,? 14<.1<=: 46 -7,? 77=.749

Bitahhl I( 9==5 Vrln i gk`trlbqzlkà wq hhi Ehkri Qn bri I`` Q`lu Hlb dl Varq cli(

9-9,? 7.15

Bitahhl I( 9==3 Wagk`di gk`trlbqzlkà ihhi Ehkri Qnbri I`` Q`lu Hlb d l Varqcli(

2 -9,? 973.24=Bitahhl I( 9=== Ehkri Qn bri Tarzi gk`trlbqzlkà I`` Q`lu Hlb d l Varq cli( 7 -2,?

2<.45

Bahhl`l R( 9=<< Gk`trlbq zlkà ihhi Ehkri d ahh“Qn brli @ Clkr` Bkt Ltih( w( 5 -4,?

713.753

Blk`d l A( 9<<4 Tma v m|tkwkglkhkclgih iv vrkigm tk hi`d wgiva wtqd| I`` Bkt( 12?

974.949

Blk`d l A( 9<<5 Hi cakbkti`lgi àhhk wtqdlk agkhkclgk d ah viawicclk I`` Igg Lt

Wgl Ekr( 41? 7.7< Elra`za

Blk`dl A( 9<<5 H“iìhlwl eltkwkglkhkclgi ahhk wtqdlk l`tacritk d ah viawicclk Iui`gaw

a` Eltkwkglkhkcî i? 97.22Briq`.Bhi`yqat O( 9<2= Vehi`za`wkzlkhkcla Crq`dzøca dar Uacatitlk`wjq`da 9

Ad Barhl`

Gihawti` l U( 9<63 Hi uacatizlkà dal dl`tkr` l dl Krulatk @ Clkr` Bkt Ltih( `w(

94 -4,? 145.134

Gk`tl E( Ni`zl I( Vad rkttl E( 9<<3 Hlwti Rkwwi raclkìha dahha vli` ta d “Ltihli SSE(

WBL

Grawga`tl`l R( Jhiuar ONL( 9<<3 Krgmldaa wvk`tiàa dahhi Vrkul`gli d l Vawirk a

Qrbl`k gk` kwwaruizlk`l wqhha wvagla dahha Nirgma Yqidar`l dahh“Inbla`ta

Vrkul`gli dl Vawirk a Qrbl`k

Da Giv lta H( Na`cml`l I( 9<31 Ehkri keelglìha dah nk`ta Vachli -Qnbrli, I`Èig Icr Q`lu Varqcli( 2<? 51.969

Eiràwl RN( Na`cml`l I( Viclkttl R( 9<<= Lh Nk`ta Vachli vkhnkà uarda

dahh“qn brli Crlhhlcrie

Cìmq ON( 9<=6 Hi v m|tkwkglkhkcla d “iqokqrd“mq l @kt Eltkwkg( 95? 9.95

Cìmq O N( 9<=3 Daw gknvha}aw da crkqvana`tw uacatiq} i hi vm|tkwkglkhkcla

vi|wicara gk`tanvkrilà Lè Bkt Lt( 9= -9.2.7,? 17.=7 Elra`za

Cìmq ON( 9<== H“iìh|wa w|nvm|tkwkglkhkclyqa at cakw|nvm|tkwkglkhkclyqa da

h“awviga Tmakrla at natmkdkhkcla Gkhh Vm|tkwkg( 93? 99.45

Clci`ta D( 2669 Wtqdlk eltkwkglkhkclgk l`tacritk dah gknvra`wkrlk dah N Vachli

-Ekchlk 722 dahhi Girti d “Ltihli, gk` girtkcrieli dahhi uacatizlkà l` wgihi 9?16666 Tawl d l Dkttkri tk( Q` luarwltæ dachl Wtqd l d l Varq cli( II 2666.2669

VKVQHATIHLI IHBIA Br.Bh a} Tgmkq 9<4=

Vkvqhlk` ihbia Br.Bh a} Tgmkq 9<4=

Iccr i Vkvqhqw gi awga`w

Ih`lk` l`giìa Vishkswjl l` Vishkswjl( Wkjkhkswjl % Sihhlwgm 9<2=

Iccr i Qhnqw nl`kr

Ihà`lk` chqtl`kwk.lgiìa Kbard 9<17

Irk ltihlgl.Ihàtqn chqtl`kwia Cieti % Vadrkttl 9<<1

Blbhlkcrieli



41

Oigkbiggl I( Barcknl G( Ga`tinkra A( Nihitawti I( Nihearrirl @( Nirtahhl C(

Vi``q zl H( _itt l`l @( 9<36 @kta lhhqwtritlua dahhi Girti Cakhkclgi d“Ltihli ihhi

Wgihi 9? 966666 Ekchl 991 ‘Glttæ dl Giwtahhk„( 922 ‘Varqcli„( 976 ‘Krulatk„

Vkhlcrielgi % Girtauihkrl Argkhi`k -@ I,

Hlvvl.Bk`ginbl G( 9<12 Lh uqhgiàttk dl W Uaì`zk Vadkcaàwl di uaì`zlta

I`` Eig Icr Varqcli( =? 7.49

Na`cml`l I( Eiràwl R N( Viclkttl R( 9<<5 Q` awanvlk anbhanitlgk dl

blkdluarwltæ l` Qnbrli? hi rlwarui ìtqriha dl Nahk`ti I`` Eig Icr Q`lu

Varq cli( 16 -Wqvvh,? ‘Hi Gk`waruizlkà d ahhi Blkd luarwltæ l` Qnbrli? wltqizlk.

à ittqiha a vrkwvattlui„

Krwkni`dk A( Bl`l C( Gitkrgl I( 9<<= Iraa dl rlhaui`ta l`tarawwa ìtqrihlwtlgk

dahh“Qnbrli Raclkà Qnbr li

Vlc` itt l W( 9<=2 Ehkri d “Ltihli 7 ukhh Adicr lgkha

Rluiw.Nirtî az W( 9<35 Wlèltkwkglkhkcli( qì `q aui n atkdkhkcli v iri ah awtqd lk

dah vilwioa uacatih I`` L`wt Bkt Giui`lhhaw( 77? 93<.9==

Rluiw.Nirt î az W( 9<=3 @kglkàw wkbra Eltkwkglkhkc î i( Blkcakcrie î i |

Blkghlnitkhkc î i L`? Valìdk Hkrgi N( Rluiw.Nirtî az W -ad, Hi uacatigl÷`

da Awviùi? 9<.45 Waru da Vqbh da hi Q` lu Da Ihgihé da Maìraw

Rluiw.Nirtî az W( 9<<5 Hi eltkwkglkhkcî i a` Awviùi L`? Hkldl O -ad, Iui`gaw a`

Eltkwkglkhkc î i? 94<.934

Uaì`zk`l R( Vlcìttahhl W( @lgkhattl C( Crkmn i`` E( 9<<= Biwl v ar q ì ghiwwlel.

gizlkà eltkghlnitlgi dahh“Qn brli -Ltihli, Dkg Vm|tkwkg( 9=? 937.9<=

Blbhlkcrieli



45



43

Ha ektk a l dlwac`l wk`k dachl iqtkrl

L` gkvar tlì? Kvmr|w eqglehkri: haggati dahh“iwwkglizlkà G|ghinl`k ravi dl.Yqargatqn lhlglw: wa.rla dl uacatizlkà dahh“ Arlgk irbkraia.Yqargk garrldlw wlcnatqn



4=

la vegetazione del comprensorio del monte peglia

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