la trinidad socio-economic & physical...

La Trinidad Socio-Economic & Physical Profile 2015

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LA TRINIDAD

SOCIO-ECONOMIC & PHYSICAL PROFILE 20151

I. PHYSICAL PROFILE

General Location The capital town of Benguet Province, the Municipality of La Trinidad is located 256 kilometers north of Metro Manila. It is bounded on the north by the Municipality of Tublay, on the south by the city of Baguio, on the west by the Municipalities of Sablan and Tuba. Its geographical coordinates are 16 degrees, 21 minutes north latitude and 120 degrees and 35 minutes east longitude. The municipality is relatively the most developed settlement in the province of Benguet because of its proximity to the City of Baguio. It is the gateway of the southern lowlands into the Cordillera Region. Due to its advanced development, La Trinidad is considered as one of the Central Business Districts of Benguet.

Accessibility The municipality is accessible by land transport via the following entry points: from the Mt. Province through the Baguio-Bontoc Road; from La Union, through the Marcos Highway via the Pico-Lamtang; from Nueva Viscaya through the Benguet-Nueva Vizcaya Road; from Pangasinan, through Kennon road. All these roads converge at the City of Baguio. The nearest airport is located in nearby Baguio City, Loakan airport. Baguio- Manila travels take about 45 minutes flight or a 7-hour ride via land.

1 Prepared by the Research & Evaluation Section, Municipal Planning & Development Office, 2016. All data are based on 2015

data unless otherwise stated.

Cordillera Administrative Region Philippines

Benguet Province


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Total road kilometerage for the whole municipality is 135.2 kilometers. The road network in the municipality exhibits a strong linear type of settlement characterized by a circumferential road that services the valley floor. Accessibility in the rural areas is still relatively inadequate, with generally very narrow roads. Heavy road traffic is concentrated in its main road, the Baguio-Bontoc National Road which traverses the valley proper and to which all other roads originate. This road is the center of socio-economic activities for the municipality. The municipality has several radial-circumferential roads that branch out to provide access to interior barangays and sitios most of which are tire-path roads, generally not feasible for commercial traffic. Several public utility vehicles ply around the urban core, majority of which, are public utility jeeps (PUJs). A few taxicabs ply the areas less served by the jeeps while neither buses nor mini-buses ply in the area, except for those buses that pass through the Baguio-Bontoc national road leading to the northern towns of Benguet.

Land Area and Political Subdivisions Table 2: Comparative Urbanization of Barangays, 1990-2010

YEAR Area % to URBAN-RURAL CLASSIFICATION 2010 Density* CLUP (2000)

BRGY (sq. km.) Total 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 (persons/sq. km.) Classification

Alapang 2.0122 2.49 Rural Urban Urban Urban Urban 2,073 Minor urban

Alno 9.5835 11.86 Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural 213 Rural

Ambiong 3.4203 4.23 Rural Rural Rural Urban Urban 1,878 Rural

Bahong 6.5756 8.14 Rural Rural Rural Rural Urban 734 Rural

Balili 1.1902 1.47 Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban 13,515 Major urban

Beckel 9.513 11.77 Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural 363 Rural

Betag 1.5692 1.94 Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban 4,374 Major urban

Bineng 8.2543 10.22 Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural 180 Rural

Cruz 0.5669 0.70 Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban 6,207 Minor urban

Lubas 2.4059 2.98 Rural Urban Urban Urban Urban 2,324 Urban

Pico 3.2936 4.08 Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban 5,547 Major urban

Municipality of La Trinidad General Map


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Poblacion 1.0466 1.30 Urban Urban Urban Urban Urban 10,122 Major urban

Puguis 10.2182 12.65 Rural Rural Rural Rural Urban 701 Rural

Shilan 7.5099 9.30 Rural Rural Rural Rural Urban 577 Minor urban

Tawang 2.476 3.06 Rural Urban Urban Urban Urban 3,011 Minor urban

Wangal 11.1596 13.81 Rural Rural Rural Rural Rural 440 Rural

Municipal 80.795 100 Rural Rural Rural Urban Urban 1,327

Source: Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2000-2010, *MPDO Computations

La Trinidad has a total land area of 80.795125 square kilometers representing 2.7% of the total province area. It has sixteen (16) barangays namely: Alapang, Alno, Ambiong, Balili, Bahong, Beckel, Betag, Bineng, Cruz, Lubas, Pico, Poblacion, Puguis, Shilan, Tawang and Wangal. Wangal is the largest barangay with an area of 11.159642 sq. km. constituting 13.81% of the municipality. Puguis is the second largest area with 10.2182 sq. km. or 12.65% of the municipal land area. The third largest barangay is Alno and the smallest barangay is Cruz with an area of 0.5659 sq. km. constituting 0.70% of the municipality. In the process of Updating the Municipality’s Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the next ten years, a new criteria for classifying barangays into an urban or rural was approved by the National Statistical Coordination Board, resolution no. 9 series of 2003. Following the criteria set forth, there is a slight change in the classification of the barangays in La Trinidad. Table 3: Barangay Classification, 2015

Source: CLUP Draft 2014-2023, based on NSCB Res. No. 9 s. 2003

Table 4: Urban-Rural Area

Municipal Area (hectares) 8,079.50

100.00%

Total Urban Area 3,677.96

45.52%

Total Rural Area 4,401.54

54.48%

Source: CLUP Draft 2015-2025

Topography

Barangay Population Area (has)Population

DensityNew Classification

Ambiong 6,423 342.03 19 Urban

Balili 16,086 119.02 135 Urban

Betag 6,863 156.92 44 Urban

Lubas 5,591 240.59 23 Urban

Pico 18,271 329.36 55 Urban

Poblacion 10,594 104.66 101 Urban

Puguis 7,163 1021.82 7 Urban

Tawang 7,456 247.6 30 Urban

Wangal 4,907 1115.96 4 Urban

Alapang 4,171 201.22 21 Rural

Alno 2,046 958.35 2 Rural

Bahong 4,828 657.56 7 Rural

Beckel 3,453 951.3 4 Rural

Bineng 1,487 825.43 2 Rural

Cruz 3,519 56.69 62 Rural

Shilan 4,330 750.99 6 Rural

Total 107,188 8,079.50 13


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Characterized by steep mountains and high terrain, amidst the mountain peaks, is an approximately 350-hectare valley. Across the valley runs the major water body, the Balili River running from Baguio towards the eastern edge of the valley flowing to the north. The Wangal River, Bayabas, Pico and Puguis Creeks flowing from the mountainsides form the Bolo Creek which runs across the valley and converges with the Balili River at Poblacion. Draining from the Busol Watershed are Ambiong Creek, Lubas Creek, and Tawang Creek joining the Balili River from the south. Creeks in the northeast areas are separated into the east and west by the mountainous and northern part of Alno. Peril Creek has its basin at Bagto Mountain. It runs through the Alno Valley and reaches the Balili River. Moreover, waters from Alapang Creek come from Balili River flowing from Bahong Cave. The Gayasi River from Wangal also drains itself into the Balili River at Bineng. Prominent mountains are “Marlboro” mountain located at Beckel, Mount Mongo and Mount Mungao located at Bineng, Mount Yangbeo, Mount Kalugong and Tawang Mountains all located at Tawang and Mount Peripin Bato at Pico. In the center of the municipality is the valley located within the barangays of Betag, Pico, Balili and Poblacion surrounded by cliffs and huge mountains of limestone. Slope La Trinidad valley is on plains with rising and falling slopes. It is bounded on the north and northwest by steep slopes. Comparatively gentle slopes are found from Cruz, Alapang, Bahong and Alno. The municipal mean slope is 40%. Steep (above the mean) slope areas include sitios Banengbeng, Oring, Amsalsal and Dilad in barangay Bineng. Relief is high with elevation ranging from 500 to 1,700 meters. The highest elevation is at 1,700 meters on the south-eastern portion near the Ambuklao Road at Beckel. The valley floor has an elevation of 1,300 meters above sea level. Bineng is the lowest barangay, with an elevation of 500 meters above sea level at the lowest point of Balili River. Table 5: Slope Distribution by Area and Percentage

Description Slope Percentage Area ( in hectares) Percentage

Level to nearly level 0.0 – 9.9 422 6.04

Gentle 10.0 – 19.9 880 12.60

Undulating 20.0 – 29.9 594 8.51

Moderately steep 30.0 – 39.9 2,102 30.11

Steep 40.0 – 49.9 866 12.40

Very Steep 50.0 – above 2,118 30.34

Total 6,982 Mean Slope 40.00 Source: Engineering Geological Hazard Studies of Earthquake- Affected Areas in Baguio and Benguet, Mines & Geo-Sciences Bureau, DENR-CAR, 1992.

Climate Seasonal changes in the municipality are typical of the first type of climate under the Coronas Classification System, with rainy days from May to October followed by the dry spells from November to April. Table 6: Climatologically Normal (1971-2000)

RAINFALL # of TEMPERATURE ºC Vapor Relative Mean

Sea Wind Cloud Days w/ Days w/

Month (mm) Rainy Days

Max Min Mean Dry

Bulb Wet Bulb

Dew Pt.

Pressure Humidity

% Level

Pressure Direction

Speed mps

Cover (octal)

Thunder storm

Lightning

Jan 12.1 3 23 13 18 17 15.1 14 15.9 83 1012 SE 2 5 0 0

Feb 11.7 2 24 13 18.6 18 15.5 14.3 16.3 81 1011 SE 2 4 1 0

Mar 29.3 4 25 14 19.7 19 16.5 15.2 17.3 80 1011 SE 2 5 2 1

Apr 92.3 9 26 16 20.7 20 17.8 16.7 19 82 1009 SE 2 5 9 4

May 355.4 19 25 16 20.7 20 18.2 17.4 19.9 87 1008 SE 2 6 18 12


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Jun 436.6 21 24 17 20.5 20 18.2 17.5 20 88 1007 SE 2 7 16 11

Jul 838.4 26 23 16 19.8 19 17.9 17.3 19.8 91 1006 SE 2 7 15 9

Aug 911.8 27 23 16 19.3 19 7.7 17.2 19.7 93 1006 NW 2 7 12 6

Sept 581.2 24 24 16 19.7 19 17.7 17.1 19.5 90 1007 SE 2 7 15 8

Oct 461.8 17 24 16 19.8 19 17.6 16.8 19.2 87 1008 SE 2 6 8 6

Nov 124.6 8 24 15 19.5 19 16.9 15.9 18.1 84 1009 SE 2 5 3 2

Dec 23.7 5 23 14 18.6 18 15.7 14.6 16.5 82 1010 SE 2 5 1 0

ANNUAL 3,879 165 24 15 19.6 19 17.1 16.2 18.4 86 1009 SE 2 6 100 59

Source : PAGASA, Station :328 Baguio-Benguet ; Latitude : 16 25’N ; Longitude : 120 36’E ; Elevation 1500m

Rainfall

Data from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) shows that due to the La Niña and El Niño Phenomena, we experienced lower annual rainfall compared to the 30-year average from 1971 to 2000 and the previous years to the rainfall in 2012, with 111 mm of annual rainfall. In 2015, there were 154 rainy days wherein June and July were the rainiest months. August was the most humid month at 93%. And the month of November was the least humid at 78%. The average wind speed is at 181 mps. There were 59 days with thunderstorm and 180 days with drizzle. Temperature

Generally, La Trinidad has a perpetually cool and invigorating temperature. The relatively cool

temperature, at a mean average of 15◦C is due to local wind circulation and mountain breeze, where the months of January, February, and December being the coldest months; and March, April, May and June, the warmest months.

In year 2015, the average minimum temperature was at 13.7◦C and the average maximum temperature

was at 25.7◦C. The average minimum temperature for the last 5 years is at 14.62oC and the maximum temperature averaged to 23.66oC.

Table 7: Climatological Data 2010-2015

MONTH/YEAR

RAINFALL # of TEMPERATURE ºC Vapor Relative Wind Cloud Days w/

Days w/

(mm) Rainy Days

Max Min Mean Dry Bulb

Wet Bulb

Dew Pt.

Pressure Humidity

% Direction

Speed (mps)

Cover (octas)

Thunder storm

Drizzle

2010 3232 182 25.4 14 17.9 19 18 16 20 86 1008 SE 11 7 128

2011 4033 190 23.6 14.4 19.0 19 18 17 19 88 995 NW 17 6 74

2012 111 26 22 15 19 21 18 19 20 85 20 5 5 3 10

2013 3428 194 24 15 20 20 18 18 20 88 152 15 6 108 75

2014 2860 198 23 15 15 19 18 17 20 89 108 11 6 103 63

2015

Jan 11.3 3 24.6 10.6 17 16.3 14.6 13.6 14.9 84 1013 - - 4 5

Feb 7.3 2 26 9.8 17.6 17 15.2 14.1 16 83 1012 110 10 4 5

Mar 57.1 6 27.2 12.7 20.4 18.4 15.9 14.6 24 79 1012 - - 4 8

Apr 121.8 9 27.6 14.5 20 19.8 17.7 16.7 26.6 82 1009 - - 5 14

May 245.5 16 26.4 15.6 20.5 20.1 18.4 17.5 22.0 85 1009 - - 5 19

Jun 282.5 28 26.2 15.8 20.7 20.4 19 18.4 23.3 89 1008 160 10 5 28

Jul 1493.9 25 25 14.5 20.1 18.6 17.7 17.3 22 92 1006 220 18 7 26

Aug 1031.6 24 25.2 14.4 19.1 19.3 18.4 18 22 93 1007 320 20 7 27

Sep 263 21 25.4 15.2 20 19.9 18.9 18.3 23.3 91 1007 - - 6 24

Oct 1212 12 23 15.6 19.3 19.2 17.9 17.2 19.4 88 1008 220 35 5 13

Nov 8 2 25.6 13.5 19.8 19.7 17.1 15.8 19.3 78 1011 130 13 3 3

Dec 167.1 6 26.4 12.8 23.4 18.8 17 16 17.01 84 1012 110 15 4 8

Annual / Ave. 4901.1 154 25.7 13.7 19.8 18.96 17.32 16.46 20.8 86 1009 181 17 59 180

Table 8: Monthly Rainfall (2007-2015)


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Rainfall (mm) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

January -0.1 24.0 8.0 trace 94 1.4 11.4 0 11.3

February 0.6 97.0 64.5 trace 13.8 2.5 268 0 7.3

March 31.8 78.7 82.9 15.3 88.9 2.6 63.6 5.9 57.1

April 25.4 149.8 407.3 148.6 11.9 1.7 70.3 126.3 121.8

May 308.6 839.8 398.5 242.6 462.5 11.2 338.7 213 245.5

June 358.4 19.0 810.0 254 529.1 15.6 232.8 401.7 282.5

July 219 681.2 758.4 543.7 435.9 18.8 368.2 449.2 1493.9

August 1,202 999.5 1087.7 536.6 1096.3 44.8 1220.4 527.9 1031.6

September 408.4 761.0 516.9 296.8 819.2 9.2 590.1 980.4 263

October 410.3 178.1 1981.8 920.1 332.4 2.1 240 107.1 1212

November 444.8 82.6 22.2 226.4 81.6 1.33 ND 39.20 8

December 21.6 trace 0 57.4 67.4 0.1 23.6 9.5 167.1

Table 9: Comparative Monthly Minimum Temperature (°C), 2007-2015

Month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Jan 9.0 14.1 12.9 12.2 12.3 13.1 12.4 10.6 10.6

Feb 9.6 13.4 14.8 12.6 12.6 13.6 13.4 12.5 9.8

March 13 14.3 16.0 12.4 13.5 15.2 15.0 13.9 12.7

April 14.2 15.9 16.0 14.6 14.1 15.6 16.2 15.9 14.5

May 15.4 15.7 16.3 15.0 15.5 16.2 16.4 16.6 15.6

June 16.0 16.4 16.6 15.6 15.5 17.3 16.6 16.5 15.8

July 15.4 16.2 16.4 15.2 15.2 17.0 15.9 16.1 14.5

Aug 15.0 16.0 16.8 15.2 15.3 17.0 15.7 16.0 14.4

Sept 14.8 16.2 16.9 14.8 15.1 17.5 15.8 16.1 15.2

Oct 14.4 16.3 15.3 13.4 14.8 15.1 14.7 15.8 15.6

Nov 10.4 15.9 15.2 14.2 14.8 13.1 ND 15.1 13.5

Dec 11.8 14.0 12.9 12.2 14.3 13.2 14.4 14.6 12.8

Average 13.3 15.4 15.5 14.0 14.4 15.3 15.1 15 13.75

Table 10: Comparative Monthly Maximum Temperature (°C) (2007-2015)

Month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Jan 25.4 23.4 22.8 24.8 22.8 22.4 23.7 20.9 24.6

Feb 26.8 22.4 24.3 26.4 23.7 22 25.5 22.4 26

March 27.8 23.7 24.7 28.2 24.4 22.7 25.5 24.1 27.2

April 28 24.4 23.7 22.8 25.7 22 26.8 24.4 27.6

May 26.6 22.9 23.5 27.6 25 22.9 25.1 25.0 26.4

June 27.2 23.9 22.1 27.8 23.6 22.8 24.4 23.5 26.2

July 26.4 22.3 22.4 26.4 22.3 22 24.1 22.8 25

Aug 26 22.1 22.9 25.8 22.6 20.4 22.3 22.5 25.2

Sept 25.6 22.8 22.3 26.4 22.3 22.4 23.2 23.2 25.4

Oct 27.2 23.9 21.8 26 22.8 22.2 22.4 23.6 23

Nov 25.2 23.7 24.4 25 24 19.9 ND 24.1 25.6

Dec 25.6 23.5 23.3 27.2 23.8 20.6 23 23.5 26.4

Average 26.5 23.3 23.2 26.2 23.58 21.9 24.9 23 25.72

Source: PAGASA Station 11 Climate projections in 2020 and 2050 in Benguet The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) projection under the medium range-range emission scenario show that expectedly, temperature and rainfall will change. Heavy daily rainfall will continue to become more frequent, extreme rainfall is projected to


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increase in Luzon and Visayas only, but number of dry days is expected to increase in all parts of the country in 2020 and 2050.Table below show the trend of change in temperature and rainfall in 2020 and 2050 in Benguet Province. Table II: Seasonal Temperature Increases (in oC) in 2020 and 2050

Benguet

OBSERVED Baseline (1971-2000)

CHANGE in 2020 (2006-2035) CHANGE in 2050 (2036-2065)

DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON

19.4 21.9 22.0 21.20 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.9

Source: PAGASA Table 12: Seasonal Rainfall change (in %) in 2020 and 2050

Benguet

OBSERVED Baseline (1971-2000) CHANGE in 2020 (2006-2035) CHANGE in 2050 (2036-2065)

DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON

47.7 422.3 1734.9 931.8 8.0 0.2 31.6 21.7 -6.0 -26.7 63.1 21.8

Source: PAGASA Balili River Balili River failed. Balili River has its headwaters at Sagudin River located within barangay Trancoville in Baguio City. Tributary creeks coming from the barangays of Pacdal, Cabinet Hill, New Lucban, Honeymoon, Guisad, and Sto. Niño (formerly Slaughter) nourish Sagudin River. All the aforementioned tributary creeks converges and flows downstream converging with the waters from La Trinidad, Benguet, in what is known as Balili River, passing through Sablan and drains into Upper Naguilian River as one of the major tributaries. Balili River as per assessment in 1975 is still classified as a “Class A” river. But technically it has “failed to meet the water quality criteria as per assessment as a ‘Class A’ river. Class A is intended for public water supply, which means that with a little treatment, the water could be used for drinking. Through the years, this condition continuously deteriorated. (EMB, 2010) From 2004 to 2014, water quality monitoring reports of Balili River in the past ten years show that the condition of the Balili River along the Baguio side exceeded the acceptable benchmark levels in terms of acidity, dissolved oxygen, Total Suspended Solids and Biological Oxygen Demand. This means that the river waters are already polluted as it enters the boundaries of La Trinidad. In 2014, much more suspended solids were observed from Trancoville Bridge at 42 mg/l. However, suspended solids from Bell Church Bridge and Capitol Bridge has decreased to 38 mg/l and 17 mg/l respectively as compared to the previous years. The pollution parameters has also decreased where it was expected to worsen as it flows through Balili River at the Capitol Bridge. Total suspended solids in Pinespark Bridge has also slightly decreased in 2014 at 74 mg/l from 92.5 mg/l in 2013. Table 13: Balili River Quality, 2007-2014

Water Quality Indicator Total Suspended Solids (standard value: 50mg/l)

Sampling Station/yr. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Trancoville Bridge, Baguio 55 33.5 33.67 27.5 39.25 17.13 39.00 42

Bell Church, La Trinidad 33.7 38 57.32 - 28 110.8 0 38

Capitol Bridge, La Trinidad 8.33 30 51.33 34.75 20.75 7.37 133.25 17

Pinespark Bridge - - - - - - 92.5 74 Total Dissolved Solids (standard value: 1,000 mg/l)

Trancoville Bridge 374.7 307 259.33 293.5 295.8 265.3 318.75 303

Bell Church, La Trinidad 387 312 - - 319.3 321.3 0 301

Capitol Bridge, La Trinidad 325.7 258.8 318.33 325 227.8 270.8 271.75 290

Pinespark Bridge - - - - - -- 256.50 298 Biological Oxygen Demand (standard value: 5 mg/l)

Trancoville Bridge 85 16.3 7 41.33 45.50 106 47.25 56

Bell Church, La Trinidad 26.7 49 - - 34 60 0 26


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Capitol Bridge, La Trinidad 24 47 12 42 14.67 0 21.75 10 Pinespark Bridge - - - - - - 62.25 42

Source: EMB-CAR

In 2015, the Environment Management Bureau (EMB) conducted at least 4 quarterly water

quality sampling in different stations of the Balili River. Sampling showed that total dissolved solids (TDS) is worse at Bridge (Sta. 1) near Beng. Capitol Km. 6 with 413 mg./l and at the Bridge (Station 2) near Benguet Capitol in Buyagan revealing 402 mg/l in the first quarter of 2015.

Total Suspended Solid (TSS) is high at 179 in the third quarter of 2015 in a station located at the HEDCOR Dam I. In terms of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), 135 mg/l. was recorded at the Bridge near the Balili Barangay Hall.


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Sampling results in a station at Pinespark Bridge for total suspended solids decreased to 43 mg/l as compared to 74 mg/l in 2014. Likewise total dissolved solids decreased from 301 mg/l in 2014 to 248.5 mg/l in 2015. Biochemical Oxygen Demand in both stations is almost constant during the past two years. The same parameters exceed benchmark figures along the La Trinidad area especially during the dry season. Findings on Total Dissolved Solids and the Biological oxygen Demand are below the standard. In summary, water quality assessment show the Dissolved Oxygen, the Total Suspended Solids, except for the Dissolved Solids failed to meet the water quality criteria as a “Class A” river. Continuous advocacy, protection, regulation in sanitation, and rehabilitation programs for the Balili River are desired for its headwaters in nearby Baguio City and likewise within the municipality itself.

Table 14: Balili River Quality, 2015

SAMPLING STATION

FIRST QUARTER SECOND QUARTER THIRD QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER

Total Suspended Solid (mg/l)

Total Dissolved

Solid (mg/l.)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l.)


Total Dissolved

Solid (mg/l.)



Total Dissolved

Solid (mg/l.)



Total Dissolved

Solid (mg/l.)


Balili River HEDCOR Dam 1

39 392 33 5 248 10 179 188 7 3 200 13

Bridge at Sta. 256+156 (near Beng. Capitol Km. 6)

27 413 30 34 272 5 77 206 23 1 217 7

Pico Bridge No. 1 near Mormon Church

13 274 40 46 210 5 4 205 5 8 182 3

Buyagan No Flow No Flow No Flow - - - 6 248 3 23 274 3

Buyagan Bridge 2 11 219 7 4 199 13 2 118 3 1 131 7

Bridge at Sta. 256+156 near Beng. Capitol, km. 6

66 402 37 126 136 45 1 200 17 2 184 10

Bridge near Balili Brgy. Hall

104 367 50 98 305 135 6 211 30 2 205 13

BSU Comp. Housing near Balili Daycare Center

15 354 30 10 255 25 1 249 12 1 233 13

Pinespark Bridge 129 386 87 35 209 45 4 221 17 4 182 13

Bell Church 101 397 67 163 164 45 7 204 20 24 229 20

Source: EMB-CA


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Air Quality Except for the valley floor area, air quality in the municipality is characterized as generally fair, below the Total Suspended Particle (TSP) standard of 230 µg/Ncm. In the urban area, sand, dust and smoke emissions are the primary pollutants. The heavy volume of traffic contributes to heavy amounts of carbon monoxide and particulates. In the rural areas, unpaved roads are the main source of dust and sand particles. Air quality monitoring in 2014, stationed at the Municipal Park and at the Capitol grounds, it shows that on the average, the air quality seem to have improved from unhealthy in 2013 to fair. Though there was an improvement, there is still a risk for sensitive people with asthma and similar lung problems. Heavy traffic conditions causing smoke emissions at the Public Market, and the dust, due to the dry weather, make the air quality unhealthy to sensitive groups. During the first and second quarter of 2015, air quality monitoring report of the EMB states that air quality remains at a fair index as a result of monitoring conducted at the Public Market station situated at km. 5, Pico. The EMB recommended then that effective control measures should be implemented by construction firms to suppress dust suspension as this is one factor contributory to the increase in PM10. Table 15: Air Quality (2013 – 2014)

Year 2013 2014

Station Total Suspended

Particulates (µg/Ncm)

Air Quality Station Sampling Results

(ug/m3) Air Quality Index

Index

Market km5 at Police Station

Ave: 50 Good Mun. Park Km. 5 Pico, La Trinidad

Ave.: 79 Fair

Min: 36 Good Min.: 64 Fair

Max: 64 Fair Max.: 94 Fair

Foot of Prov’l Capitol Waiting Shed

Ave: 99.75 Good Capitol Grounds, Poblacion

Ave.: 113 Fair

Min: 74 Good Min.: 81 Fair

Max: 123 Fair Max.: 156 Unhealthy for sensitive groups

Source: EMB-CAR * For Sensitive Persons

Table 16: Air Quality, First and Second Quarter of 2015

Sampling Station : Municipal Park, Km. 5, Pico, La Trinidad, First Quarter of 2015

Date and time of sampling

Filter Paper

Number

Net Weight of particles

(mg)

Standard Volume (m

3)

Meteorological Conditions (sunny, fair and cloudy, etc.)

PM10

(ug/m3)

Air Quality Index

Temperature (0C)

Ambient Condition

2-17-15 to 2-18-15 @ 12:33 p.m.

15-12 1.6702 21.28 21.9 Fair 79 Fair

Sampling Station : Provincial Capitol, Km. 6, La Trinidad, First Quarter of 2015

2-16-15 to 2-17-15 @ 10:43 a.m.

15-11 2.5333 21.17 24.9 Fair 121 Fair

Sampling Station : Municipal Park, Km. 5, Pico, La Trinidad, Second Quarter of 2015

5-11-15 to 5-12-15 @ 11:10 a.m.

15-27 1.5218 21.32 24.8 Cloudy 71 Fair

Source: EMB-CAR


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Geology & Seismicity The municipality is vulnerable to geologic hazards, as indicated in Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau - DENR survey maps. This is attributed to the presence of active fault lines along the branches of the northern segment of the Philippine fault line zone. These active fault lines triggers seismic movements of the fault splays within the municipality. Due to the active fault line and extreme rainfall, La Trinidad is classified as highly vulnerable to geologic hazards such as landslides and erosions. With the Philippine Fault Zone traversing the municipality, it is probable that it can experience movement due to sudden slips along the fault lines influencing the area. In addition, the municipality’s rugged terrain, geologic composition makes it susceptible to ground movements. Major tectonic faults identified in the Cordillera Region include the Mirador Fault and systems of faulting are found to the east and west of the municipality. The Mirador Fault is theoretically capable of producing an earthquake of a magnitude of about 6.5 which is equivalent to the energy release of an atomic bomb. The fault line in La Trinidad comes from the southeast passing through Poblacion following the Bolo Creek towards the northwest. Several fault lines have been observed within the area. They are generally oriented in the north-northwest directions, trending essentially parallel to the Luzon Central Cordillera (Diegor, 1979). The two most notable splays of the Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) affecting the area are the Digdig Fault that is located east of Benguet and extends to Nueva Viscaya and the Tuba River Fault that passes through Camp 1, Tuba, Benguet and extends towards La Union Province. The other splays of importance are the Tebbo Fault located south of Benguet and the Pugo Fault passing through west central La Union. The July 16, 1990 earthquake had a magnitude of 7.8 in the Ritcher scale shook Luzon, wrecking havoc from Nueva Ecija to Benguet. This was caused by a sudden slip along the Digdig Fault in north Central Luzon. A 125-km stretch length of the fault ruptured, with displacement averaging 4 meters. The Phivolcs reported two earthquakes lately. In April 14, 2015, 07:55 a.m., an earthquake measured 16.53o North, 120.700 East with a depth of 011 kms., magnitude 3.5 located 018 km N 41° E of Baguio City. Another was on April 16, 2015 at around 6:05 p.m. which measured 16.54o North, 120.65o East, Depth of 022 kms. magnitude 3.8 located 016 km N 20° E of Baguio City. There were no reported damages after the earthquake.

Drainage and Flooding The natural drainage of the La Trinidad valley area is the Balili River. During strong rains, the Balili River and its tributaries are filled up with silt coming from the erosion of slopes from the mountainsides, which causes the water bodies to swell and flood the valley area and along the banks of the Balili River and its tributaries downstream. Drainage facilities along the highway in the urban area consist of manhole drop inlets with interceptors that cross the roadway. Existing underground drainage system, curbs and gutters are also found along the national road, inefficient in conveying run-offs from the adjoining residential and commercial areas towards the Balili River during periods of small rainfall. During periods of heavy rainfall, the valley floor, most especially in the strawberry farms of Betag, Pico, and Poblacion experience flooding. Downstream, in the outskirts of the valley, swelling of the tributaries of the Balili River cause flooding in farmlands, and destruction of properties.

http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_SOEPD/2015_Earthquake_Bulletins/April/2015_0413_2355_B2F.html


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Landslide Hazards

Latest studies conducted by the Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau shows that the municipality is susceptible to landslides especially in areas where slopes are steep and residential build-up is occurring. These highly susceptible and critical areas are found in Pico, Balili, Ambiong, Tawang, Bineng, Puguis, and Wangal. In the 2009 experience of continuous rainfall brought about by typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng, massive landslides occurred in barangays Puguis and Poblacion, claiming many precious lives, and destroying homes. In areas along the waterways, many farm lots were destroyed and carried off by the floodwaters. Considering the hazardous characteristic of the municipality, much care must be taken in considering future developments in order to protect lives, property, and the livelihood of the farmers. Land Use Residential land use accounts for the largest share in urban land use. However, commercial land use is expected to have the highest demand in urban areas given the municipality’s growing roles as a commercial, educational and agro-tourism center in the province. Interspersed within residential areas, the commercial area is concentrated along the Baguio-Bontoc national highway. It is expected that most of the residential buildings along this road shall be used for commercial space in the near future. The urban built up has spread at Poblacion, Puguis, Shilan and Alapang, putting pressure for the population to seek housing sites in their less populated areas. Special use for irrigation, power and relay stations, sewerage and waste management facilities is likewise expected to increase, as population grows even more rapidly. Institutional use is principally for schools, welfare homes, orphanages, home for the aged, rehabilitation and training centers, military camp, day care centers. Schools are largely concentrated in urban loop road. While de-concentration efforts have made to site new high schools in the outskirts of the built-up area. And several day care centers are found in all barangays. More populous and larger barangays find


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the need to site their day care center nearer to the homes of the populace. While private schools now are mushrooming, most, with very little space for their students to move around. If the protection of communal and forested areas in Alapang, Puguis, Wangal, Ambiong, Shilan, Bineng and Alno will continue, squatting in these areas may still be abated. Relief is felt at the Puguis Communal Forest as the municipal government won its case versus individual claimants along the paved Longlong-Tam-awan road. The establishment of the actual metes and bounds of the forest in the ground level shall also assist the government in abating professional squatters from entering into the protected area. Special Agricultural & Fisheries Development Zones especially the strawberry and cut flower gardens in Betag, Ambiong, and Bahong has to be continually protected to ensure sustainable agricultural development in the municipality. With the advent of the new Trading Post, it is expected that commercial establishment will mushroom into the existing souvenir shops in the area. Special land uses for future cemeteries and the garbage disposal facility have to be carefully sited and regulated. As of this writing, an area has been purchased by the municipal government for a public cemetery in Shilan. In terms of the Solid Waste Management Facilities at Alno, residential houses have mushroomed near the site and are exposed to geological and health hazards posed from the disposal facility. The move to develop parks and recreation facilities, without undue sacrifice to the green environment will provide additional economic opportunities to the municipality.


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General Land Use

Table 17: Existing General Land Use 2015

Existing land Use Area

(Has.) Area

(Sq. km.) Percentage to

total

Agricultural 3528.1 35.281 43.67

Agro-tourism 296.03 2.9603 3.66

Institutional 672.71 6.7271 8.33

Residential 769.24 7.6924 9.52

Commercial 86.65 0.8665 1.07

Utilities & Transportation Services 115.79 1.1579 1.43

Forest 2000.59 20.0059 24.76

Communal Forest 163.09 1.6309 2.02

Watershed 272.37 2.7237 3.37

Parks & Recreational Spaces 66.61 0.6661 0.82

Bodies of Water 88.64 0.8864 1.10

Special Use

Cemeteries 9.83 0.0983 0.12

Sanitary Landfill 9.85 0.0985 0.12

TOTAL 8079.5 80.795 100.00 Source: GIS computed via Google, Actual GPS readings, Cadastral Survey, LMS-DENR-CAR, NAMRIA

Built-up Area The built-up areas are the area of the residential (9.52%) and commercial (1.07%) or a total of 10.59% of the total land area of the Municipality. With urbanization, it is expected to increase during the next ten years. Agricultural Land Approximately 3,528.10 hectares or 43.67% of the total land area of the municipality is classified as agricultural lands. The total cultivated area is 2,993.33 hectares wherein 1,855.75 hectares are estimated as irrigated. With commercial land use putting pressure on agricultural land use, it is also expected that agricultural land will decrease. Those areas cultivated with strawberries and cut flowers shall remain as the Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones (SAFDZ) at 259.80 hectares as promulgated in RA 9435 or the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act 1997. Tourism Areas The Strawberry Fields and Cut flower gardens are considered areas of significant value for tourism. The municipality has become one of the major tourist destinations not only in the Province of Benguet, but also in the country with its vast cut flower gardens and sprawling strawberry fields. Known as the former “Salad Bowl of the Philippines”, it is now known as the “Strawberry Fields of the Philippines” and barangay Bahong as the “Rose Garden of the Philippines”. Accomplishments have placed La Trinidad in the Guinness Book of Records as the maker of the largest strawberry cake. Forest Land

Forestland occupies a considerable area of 2,437.44 hectares, comprising of approximately 30.17 % of the total Municipal land area. It is classified into timberlands and grasslands as identified by the LMS-


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DENR-CAR and the NAMRIA. La Trinidad boasts of four (4) Communal Forests at Alapang, Alno, Puguis and Shilan, occupying a total are of 163.09 hectares. The Watershed areas are found in Busol, Ambiong and the Shelpi Watershed in Wangal with a total land area of 272.37 hectares.

Other land uses Special uses such as cemeteries and sanitary landfill comprise 19.68 hectares. Water bodies comprise 88.64 hectares. Parks and Recreational spaces comprise 66.97 hectares.

Urban Land Use Table 18: Existing Urban Land Use, 2015

Existing land Use Area

(Has.)

Area (Sq. km.)

Percentage to total

Agricultural 1428.67 14.2867 38.84

Agro-tourism 46.27 0.4627 1.26

Institutional 602.76 6.0276 16.39

Residential 521.92 5.2192 14.19

Commercial 69.8 0.698 1.90

Utilities & Transportation Services 73.78 0.7378 2.01

Forest 587.15 5.8715 15.96

Communal Forest 49.58 0.4958 1.35

Watershed 183.34 1.8334 4.98

Parks & Recreational Spaces 66.61 0.6661 1.81

Bodies of Water 38.97 0.3897 1.06

Special Use

Cemeteries 9.12 0.0912 0.25

TOTAL 3677.97 36.7797 100.00 Source: GIS computed via google, cadastral survey, actual GPS reading

The existing total urban area of the municipality is 3,677.96 has. Agricultural land area covers 1,428.67 hectares or 38.84% of the total Urban Land Area. Institutional is at 602.76 hectares or 16.39%. Forest (timberland) covers a total area of 587.15 hectares or 15.96% of the total urban land area.


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Residential Use occupies an area of 521.92 hectares of the urban area and is expected to increase for the next years. Commercial use is concentrated alongside the Baguio-Bontoc National Highway, occupying an area of 69.80 hectares. Institutional areas occupy 602.76 hectares of the urban area. These include all lands occupied by Government Buildings, schools, hospitals and the Benguet State University. The Infrastructure category which includes road network in the urban area occupies 73.78 hectares and is expected also to expand due to new road openings and construction of new infrastructures. Rivers and Creeks or Bodies of Water in the urban area occupy 38.97 hectares.

Land Acquisition and Distribution, and Land Use Conversion In terms of land acquisition and distribution, there was a total area of 223 hectares, from 2002 to 2010, which were submitted for Voluntary Land Transfer. And another conglomerate area of 31.74 hectares were submitted and recommended for Certificate of Land Ownership Award generation/distribution, under the Agrarian Reform Program. This program ended in 2010. In terms of land use conversion, a conglomerate area of 61.36 hectares, from 2003 to 2013, were recommended for approval. Records in 2003 show the highest area for land use conversion at 16.85 hectares, while in 2013, only 0.36 hectares of land were recommended for land conversion. In 2015, there is a minimal area of 0.1855 hectares of land conversions recorded by the Provincial Agrarian Reform Office. Table 19: Land Acquisition (in hectares) under Agrarian Reform Program (2006-2015)

YEAR/ PROGRAM

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 TOTAL

Land Acquisition & Distribution (LAD)

1. Voluntary Land Transfer

12.96 3.37 - 2.60 186.43 - - - - - 205.36

2. CLOA 12.96 - 2.20 - 4.24 - - - - 19.40

Non-LAD

1. Land Use Conversion

7.62 9.10 0.15 10.50 0.25 5.10 0.96 0.37/c 5.1622/c 0.1855 39.40

Source: DAR-Benguet/CAR, /c: corrected based on new data

Land Classification The Land Management Section of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources reports that only Barangay Cruz has an approved Cadastral Map. The fifteen other barangays needs corrections and refinements. But up to this date, no follow-up project is underway. The Community Environment & Natural Resources Office reports that 1,737 hectares are Alienable and Disposal Lands, while the total timberland area consists of 4,403 hectares. Real Property Assessment In 2002, a total of 6,675.45 hectares was recorded for real property assessment and taxation. This increased to 8,176.83 hectares in 2012 which has decreased to 8,071.21 hectares in 2013. In 2015 due to reversion from other uses to agricultural and other land conversions. Revisions or corrections of tax declarations, 84% are classified as agricultural, 9.00% as residential, 2.69% as commercial, 3.15% as industrial, 2.23% is government, and other uses at 5.67%.


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In 2005, 27,153 parcels of land and 5,167 buildings were declared for taxation purposes. This increased to 39,441 parcels of land and 10,511 buildings in 2013. In 2014, there was a decrease of 3,943 for land and 201 for buildings. Due to the implementation of Section 219 of R.A. 7160 or the 2010 General Revision Act., there is an increase in land of 1,072 making it 36,570 while Buildings also increased to 10,528. Table 20: Land Area by Classification as to Real Property Assessment

Year

2012

2013 2014 2015

Land area (has) Area Area % Area % Area %

Agricultural 5,747.97 5,666.63 75 5,698.24 70 5,499.79 84

Residential 552.47 551.17 7 550.37 7 619.73 9

Commercial 74.44 74.46 1 74.38 1 17.55 2.69

Industrial 10.55 10.55 0 10.55 0 2.05 3.15

Government 1,216.17 1,201.05 16 1,199.00 15 1.45 2.23

Other Land Uses 575.27 567.35 1 578.35 7 369.32 5.67

Total 8,176.83 8,071.21 100 8,110.88 100 6,509.89 100

Source: Municipal Assessor’s Office

Table 21: Declared Real Properties, 2011-2015

Real Property Units 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Land 37,154 38,878 39,441 35,498 36,570

Buildings 9,631 10,333 10,511 10,310 10,528 Source: Municipal Assessor’s Office

Ancestral Land According to the ancestral land claims of the native people of La Trinidad, the whole of La Trinidad is owned by the Ibalois and “can be subject to application for ancestral land ownership”. The balance between the reality of the different land uses in the municipality and the claims of the heirs of our ancestors has to be weighed wisely. Several issues have to be addressed by the proper government agencies to give what is due to the indigenous peoples and to consider the development needs of the municipality. III. DEMOGRAPHY Population Growth, 1903-2010 Over the past century, the population growth rate in the municipality has always been very high compared to the whole country. This is due to the high rate of in-migration into the municipality. This attraction to stay in La Trinidad is due to comparatively higher socio-economic opportunities than its neighboring municipalities, and because of Baguio City’s spill over population. In the last May 2010 Census, the population of La Trinidad was 107,188 persons, growing at 3.09%. In the previous census of 2007, the population was 97,810 or 24,636 households with a growth rate of oddly, 5.34%. The previous growth rate from 1995-2000, was at only 1.51%, while the past growth rates of the municipality shows a growth rate of more than 4% since the 1970’s. Taking a more realistic growth rate by averaging the four growth rates of the past four census years, we derive an average growth rate of 3.83% as basis for projected populations. Adopting the 3.83% growth rate, a projected population for year 2015 is 129,362 persons with 32,341 households. While the expected time for the population to double will be in 2028, after 18.3 years. Efforts have to be addressed to abate the growth that is most probably due to high in-migration rates that will put more pressure for the government in the provision of goods and services.


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The barangays of Pico, Balili, and Poblacion are the most populated barangays. Tawang is the fourth most populated followed by Puguis and Betag. Bineng, Alno, Beckel, are the least populated barangays. The expansion of economic activities in the more populated barangays of Pico, Betag, Balili, Puguis, and Poblacion is pushing the people of La Trinidad to situate themselves in the less urbanized areas. In fact, in terms of population growth rates, Wangal exhibits the highest population growth rate, at 7.02, followed by Lubas, Tawang and Ambiong. Barangays Wangal, Ambiong, Lubas, and Tawang have in recent years, also become new residential areas. Surprisingly, the dense barangays of Balili and Poblacion exhibit negative growth rates in Census years 2007 to 2010. Even Beckel also registered negative growth.

Table 22: Population Growth Rate by Barangay and Municipal (1990-2010)

BRGY/yr. INTERCENSAL GROWTH RATE AVERAGE

1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2007 2007-2010 GROWTH RATES

Alapang 6.8 0.69 4.023 4.77 4.07

Alno 3.4 4.47 0.760 3.96 3.15

Ambiong 2.5 4.61 7.718 6.74 5.39

Bahong 2 0.22 4.184 6.50 3.23

Balili 8.6 0.79 8.484 -1.31 4.14

Beckel 3.7 1.01 2.561 -0.86 1.60

Betag 2.8 -0.74 1.570 3.25 1.72

Bineng 5.9 3.92 0.387 4.26 3.62

Cruz 10.3 -0.92 1.835 5.82 4.26

Lubas 10.3 4.03 5.782 6.70 6.70

Pico 3.7 1.02 6.027 3.30 3.51

Poblacion 4.2 2.42 5.789 -0.10 3.08

Puguis 4 0.21 6.309 3.02 3.39

Shilan 2.7 0.45 2.645 8.19 3.50

Tawang 7.8 6.87 3.907 5.81 6.10

Wangal 10.2 3.11 9.582 5.17 7.02

Municipal 5.39 1.5/r 5.34/r 3.09 3.83 Source: NSO, MPDO computations, /r: revised from previous computations

Due to its distance from the center, Bineng and Alno, have been slow growing barangays. While Bahong, is growing faster, converting its gardens to residential lots as experienced by Ambiong in the recent years. Shilan, likewise growing faster, and being the gateway to the north, is the next expansion area for commercial and residential activities.

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

267 3,013 6,554 7,994

12,415 18,551

22,732 28,713

48,523

63,089 67,963

97,810

107,188

P

O

P

U

L

A

T

I

O

N

Census Yr. 1903 1918 1930 1948 1960 1970 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010

Growth Rate 17.5 6.5 1.1 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.8 5.39 5.39 1.51 5.34 3.09


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Computed at a growth rate of 3.83%, population projections show that the municipality will reach the 150,000 mark by year 2019. Pico (using its own growth rate) is also expected to reach almost 25,000 in that same year.

Table 23: Population: Census years 1975-2010

BARANGAY/ CENSUS YR 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010

Alapang 938 1,058 1,887 2,665 2,752 3,627 4,171

Alno 954 886 1,177 1,408 1,727/c 1,821 2,046

Ambiong 708 894 2,245 2,543 3,139 5,282 6,423

Bahong 1,490 1,514 2,660 2,969 3,000 3,997 4,828

Balili 2,099 3,031 5,856 9,122 9,463 16,734 16,086

Beckel 1,514 1,725 2,338 2,833 2,969 3,544 3,453

Betag 2,026 2,296 4,992 5,789 5,591 6,235 6,863

Bineng 590 669 810 1,067 1,277 1,312 1,487

Cruz 927 1,140 1,617 2,730 2,615 2,970 3,519

Lubas 629 842 1,509 2,582 3,105 4,602 5,591

Pico 4,097 5,342 8,661 10,497 11,005 16,577 18,271

Poblacion 2,563 3,427 5,213 6,411 7,167 10,627 10,594

Puguis 1,366 2,061 3,424 4,228 4,269 6,551 7,163

Shilan 1,520 1,817 2,422 2,789 2,848 3,419 4,330

Tawang 638 1,202 2,361 3,529 4,813 6,294 7,456

Wangal 673 809 1,144 1,927 2,223 4,218 4,907

Municipal 22,732 28,713 48,326 63,089 67,963/c 97,810 107,188

/c: corrected; Source: NSO

Table 24: Estimated Population by Barangay (2012-2020)

BRGY/ Census Projected Population (2011-2020)

YEAR 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2019 2020

Alapang 4,171 4,517 4,701 4,893 5,092 5,299 5,515 5,973 6,216

Alno 2,046 2,177 2,245 2,316 2,389 2,464 2,542 2,704 2,789

Ambiong 6,423 7,134 7,519 7,924 8,351 8,802 9,276 10,303 10,859

Bahong 4,828 5,144 5,310 5,482 5,659 5,841 6,030 6,425 6,632

Balili 16,086 17,446 18,169 18,921 19,705 20,521 21,371 23,177 24,137

Beckel 3,453 3,565 3,622 3,680 3,739 3,798 3,859 3,984 4,048

Betag 6,863 7,101 7,223 7,348 7,474 7,602 7,733 8,002 8,139

Bineng 1,487 1,597 1,654 1,714 1,776 1,840 1,907 2,047 2,121

Cruz 3,519 3,825 3,988 4,158 4,335 4,519 4,712 5,122 5,340

Lubas 5,591 6,366 6,793 7,248 7,734 8,252 8,806 10,026 10,698

Pico 18,271 19,576 20,264 20,975 21,712 22,474 23,263 24,925 25,800

Poblacion 10,594 11,256 11,602 11,959 12,327 12,706 13,097 13,915 14,343

Puguis 7,163 7,656 7,915 8,183 8,460 8,747 9,043 9,665 9,993

Shilan 4,330 4,638 4,800 4,968 5,142 5,322 5,508 5,900 6,106

Tawang 7,456 8,393 8,905 9,447 10,023 10,635 11,283 12,701 13,475

Wangal 4,907 5,620 6,014 6,436 6,888 7,371 7,888 9,034 9,667

Municipal 107,188 115,561 119,989 124,588 129,362 134,320 139,467 150,361 156,124 Source of basic data: NSO, Census 2010


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Households per Barangay At an average of four members per household, it is estimated that there are about 32,341 households for 2015. Bineng has the least number of households at 460, and Pico, the highest number at 5,618. Estimates up to year 2020 are shown in the following table. Table 25: Estimated Number of Households by Barangay (2011-2020)

BRGY/YEAR 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Alapang 1,085 1,129 1,175 1,223 1,273 1,325 1,379 1,435 1,493 1,554

Alno 528 544 561 579 597 616 635 655 676 697

Ambiong 1,692 1,784 1,880 1,981 2,088 2,200 2,319 2,444 2,576 2,715

Bahong 1,246 1,286 1,328 1,370 1,415 1,460 1,507 1,556 1,606 1,658

Balili 4,188 4,362 4,542 4,730 4,926 5,130 5,343 5,564 5,794 6,034

Beckel 877 891 905 920 935 950 965 980 996 1,012

Betag 1,745 1,775 1,806 1,837 1,868 1,901 1,933 1,967 2,000 2,035

Bineng 385 399 414 429 444 460 477 494 512 530

Cruz 917 956 997 1,039 1,084 1,130 1,178 1,228 1,280 1,335

Lubas 1,491 1,591 1,698 1,812 1,933 2,063 2,201 2,349 2,506 2,674

Pico 4,728 4,894 5,066 5,244 5,428 5,618 5,816 6,020 6,231 6,450

Poblacion 2,730 2,814 2,901 2,990 3,082 3,177 3,274 3,375 3,479 3,586

Puguis 1,851 1,914 1,979 2,046 2,115 2,187 2,261 2,337 2,416 2,498

Shilan 1,120 1,160 1,200 1,242 1,285 1,330 1,377 1,425 1,475 1,527

Tawang 1,978 2,098 2,226 2,362 2,506 2,659 2,821 2,993 3,175 3,369

Wangal 1,313 1,405 1,504 1,609 1,722 1,843 1,972 2,110 2,258 2,417

Municipal 27,824 28,890 29,997 31,147 32,341 33,580 34,867 36,203 37,590 39,031

Source: MPDO Estimates

Barangay Density & Population The municipal population density in 2000 was 8 persons per hectare and this increased to 13 persons per hectare in 2010. Still from Census 2007 data, the average household size is (3.94 rounded off to) 4 persons, one member slightly lower than during Census 2000. The densest barangays are Balili and Poblacion. The least dense barangays are Alno, Bineng, and Wangal. Table 26: Comparative Population Density (1990 -2010, Census Years)

YEAR POPULATION DENSITY (persons per square km)

BARANGAY 1990/c 1995/c 2000/c 2007/c 2010

Alapang 9.38 13.24 13.68 18.03 21

Alno 1.23 1.47 1.80 1.90 2

Ambiong 6.56 7.44 9.18 15.44 19

Bahong 4.05 4.52 4.56 6.08 7

Balili 49.20 76.64 79.51 140.60 135

Beckel 2.46 2.98 3.12 3.73 4

Betag 31.81 36.89 35.63 39.73 44

Bineng 0.98 1.29 1.55 1.59 2

Cruz 28.70 48.16 46.13 52.39 62

Lubas 6.27 10.73 12.91 19.13 23

Pico 26.30 31.87 33.41 50.33 55

Poblacion 49.81 61.26 68.48 101.54 101

Puguis 3.35 4.14 4.18 6.41 7


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Shilan 3.23 3.71 3.79 4.55 6

Tawang 9.54 14.25 19.44 25.42 30

Wangal 1.03 1.73 1.99 3.78 4

MUNICIPAL 5.98 7.81 8.41 12.11 13 *MPDO Computations ; /c: corrected

Population by Sex and Age, Year 2000, 2007, and 2010

Comparing the age-sex pyramid in year 2000 and year 2007, it is observed that the young dependent group (0 to 14) is shrinking. This means that there is comparatively less young dependent population in year 2007 than in year 2000. In 2010, those between the ages of 0-4 years old, became even lesser as compared to 2007.

From Census 2007, the general sex ratio was 96.36%. This means that for every 100 females, there are 96 males. In the CBMS census 2010, the ratio was 99.17, this means that there are 99 males for every 100 females. Table 22 shows the sex ratios by age group for NSO Census 2007. A ratio higher than 100 indicates that there is predominance of the male population in that group while less than 100 indicates a predominance of female population. Thus, for the young age groups, 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years old, there are more males than females. Compared to the age groups of 15 -19, 20-24, 25-29, where there are more females than males. For ages 30 to 44, there are again more males than females. The same is true for the age group, 55- 59. For the rest of the older age groups, there are more females than males. In 2010 NSO Census, there are more age groups where one finds a predominance of males as compared to 2007. These consist of age groups 0-4, 5-9, 30-34, 35-39 and age groups between 40-44 years old. Comparing the result of the CBMS Survey result from that of the NSO Census in 2010, the sex ratio of the CBMS is at 99.17 which means a nearly equal number of males to that of the females. NSO survey result show that there were 97 males for every 100 females.

2000 2007


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Table 27: Population by Sex & Age Group, Census 2007

Age Group

2007 Census Population (NS0) % to total Sex ratio

Both Sexes Male Female Male Female

0-4 10,498 5,436 5,062 5.60% 5.21% 107.39

5-9 9,202 4,815 4,387 4.96% 4.52% 109.76

10-14 8,394 4,224 4,170 4.35% 4.29% 101.29

15-19 14,136 6,211 7,925 6.40% 8.16% 78.37

20-24 13,187 6,067 7,120 6.25% 7.33% 85.21

25-29 10,152 5,017 5,135 5.17% 5.29% 97.70

30-34 7,158 3,721 3,437 3.83% 3.54% 108.26

35-39 6,169 3,176 2,993 3.27% 3.08% 106.11

40-44 5,018 2,522 2,496 2.60% 2.57% 101.04

45-49 4,000 1,987 2,013 2.05% 2.07% 98.71

50-54 3,196 1,582 1,614 1.63% 1.66% 98.02

55-59 2,110 1,088 1,022 1.12% 1.05% 106.46

60-64 1,438 696 742 0.72% 0.76% 93.80

65-69 1,038 516 522 0.53% 0.54% 98.85

70-74 669 298 371 0.31% 0.38% 80.32

75-79 335 155 200 0.16% 0.21% 77.50

80+ 413 154 259 0.16% 0.27% 59.46

Total 97,113 47,665 49,468 49% 51% 96.36 Source: Census 2007 Table 28: Population by Age and Sex CBMS 2010

Age Group 2010 CBMS Census Population % to total

Sex ratio Both Sexes Male Female Male Female

0-4 8732 4501 4231 5.06% 4.75% 106.38

5-9 9323 4762 4561 5.35% 5.13% 104.41

10-14 8410 4244 4166 4.77% 4.68% 101.87

15-19 10506 4820 5686 5.42% 6.39% 84.77

20-24 10909 5026 5883 5.65% 6.61% 85.43

25-29 8614 4333 4281 4.87% 4.81% 101.21

30-34 7089 3679 3410 4.13% 3.83% 107.89

35-39 5538 2958 2580 3.32% 2.90% 114.65

40-44 4946 2587 2359 2.91% 2.65% 109.67

45-49 4242 2175 2067 2.44% 2.32% 105.22

50-54 3502 1758 1744 1.98% 1.96% 100.80

55-59 2534 1267 1267 1.42% 1.42% 100.00

60-64 1795 895 900 1.01% 1.01% 99.44

65-69 1139 568 571 0.64% 0.64% 99.47

70-74 798 362 436 0.41% 0.49% 83.03

75-79 459 201 258 0.23% 0.29% 77.91

80+ 454 173 281 0.19% 0.32% 61.57

Total 88990 44,309 44,681 0.50 0.50 99.17 Source: CBMS 2010


24

Table 29: Population by Age & Sex Group, Census 2010

Source: NSO 2010

Estimated Population by Age-Sex, 2014-2015

The largest age group is ages 20-24 years old, followed by age group 15-19 years old, and consecutively age groups 5-9 years old and 0-4 years old. Table 30: Estimated Population by Age and Sex, 2014-2015

Age group

2014 2015

Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female

0-4 12,225 6,302 5,923 13,180 6,794 6,386

5-9 13,052 6,667 6,386 14,072 7,188 6,884

10-14 11,774 5,942 5,832 12,694 6,406 6,288

15-19 14,709 6,748 7,961 15,857 7,275 8,582

20-24 15,273 7,037 8,236 16,466 7,586 8,880

25-29 12,060 6,066 5,993 13,002 6,540 6,462

30-34 9,925 5,151 4,774 10,700 5,553 5,147

35-39 7,753 4,141 3,612 8,359 4,465 3,894

40-44 6,925 3,622 3,303 7,466 3,905 3,561

45-49 5,939 3,045 2,894 6,403 3,283 3,120

50-54 4,903 2,461 2,442 5,285 2,653 2,632

55-59 3,548 1,774 1,774 3,824 1,912 1,912

60-64 2,513 1,253 1,260 2,709 1,351 1,358

65-69 1,595 795 799 1,719 857 862

70-74 1,117 507 610 1,204 546 658

75-79 643 281 361 692 303 389

80+ 636 242 393 685 261 424 MPDO Pop’n Estimates from Census 2010; assumption: disaggregation is the same as CBMS 2010

% to Total % to Total Sex

Both Sexes Male Female Male Female Ratio

Under 1 2,197 1,168 1,029 1% 1.0% 113.51

1-4 8,899 4,569 4,330 4% 4.0% 105.52

5-9 10,542 5,514 5,028 5% 5.0% 109.67

10-14 9,728 4,858 4,870 5% 5.0% 99.75

15-19 12,387 5,724 6,663 5% 6.0% 85.91

20-24 13,017 6,042 6,975 6% 7.0% 86.62

25-29 10,833 5,322 5,511 5% 5.0% 96.57

30-34 8,776 4,442 4,334 4% 4.0% 102.49

35-39 7,124 3,662 3,462 3% 3.0% 105.78

40-44 6,298 3,215 3,083 3% 3.0% 104.28

45-49 5,112 2,524 2,588 2% 2.0% 97.53

50-54 4,028 1,987 2,041 2% 2.0% 97.35

55-59 2,855 1,425 1,430 1% 1.0% 99.65

60-64 1,969 952 1,017 1% 1.0% 93.61

65-69 1,229 563 666 1% 1.0% 84.53

70-74 854 394 460 0% 0.40% 85.65

75-79 476 207 269 0% 0.30% 76.95

80 years old

and above 494 174 320 0% 0.30% 54.38

Total 106,818 52,742 54,076 49% 51% 97.53

Age Group2010 Census Population


25

Age Dependency

In census 2000, the age dependency ratio is computed at 60.9. This means that for every 100 persons in the working age group, 61 persons are dependent on them. Potentially, 39.1% of the population can (between the ages 15 years old to less than 65 years old) contribute to the production of goods and services. This situation changed in 2007, where the age dependency ratio decreased to 31.49, meaning that for every 100 persons, 32 persons are dependent, lesser than half of the figure in year 2000. Potentially, there are more people in 2007, 69 out of 100 persons who can contribute economically to the production of goods and services. For 2010, the estimated age dependency ratio is 49, meaning, there are 49 persons dependent on every 100 persons. The young-age dependency ratio is 44.35, more than the figure in 2007, but less than the figure in 2000. 2015 projected dependency ratio show that there is an increase in the labor force (15-64 yrs. Old) of about 16.6% from that of the 2010 figure. Table 31: Dependency Ratios, 2000, 2007, 2010 and 2015

Dependency Ratios Census 2000

Census 2007

CBMS 2010

Estimated 2015

Young-age dependency ratio (0-14)

56.7 28.93 44.3 44.35

Old-age dependency ratio (65+)

4.1 2.56 4.80 4.77

Age dependency ratio 60.9 31.49 49.1 49.12

Working Age group (15-64) 39.1 68.54 50.9 67.06 *MPDO Estimates; Assumption: Disaggregation is based on CBMS 2010.

Median Age : 24.50 years old The population has a median age of 24.50 years old. This means that half of the population belongs to the young population (below 24 years old). Population by Religious Affiliation Census 2000 shows that the majority of the population are Roman Catholic at 67%. This is followed by the Philippine Episcopal Church at 12% and Evangelicals at 6%. In 2010, the percentage of Roman Catholics decreased to 64 %. Those who belong to the Philippine Episcopal Church decreased also to 4% and the Baptists at 2%. Table 32: Population by Religious Affiliation, 2000, 2010

Yr. Year 2000/a Year 2010/b

Religious Affiliation # % # %

Aglipayan 20 0.03 100 0.11%

Association of Baptist Churches 14 0.02 - -

Association of Fundamental Baptist Church 426 0.63 - -

Assembly of God - - 1,029 1.16%

Born Again Christian - - 2,150 2.42%

Bible Baptist 441 0.66 1,972 2.22%

Buddhist 21 0.03 - -

Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints 186 0.28 311 0.0035

Convention of the Philippine Baptist Church 457 0.68 - -

Evangelicals 3,753 5.58 156 0.18%

Iglesia Evangelista Methodista en Las Filipinas 136 0.2 - -

Iglesia ni Cristo 1,140 1.7 1,895 2.13%

Islam 113 0.17 324 0.36%


26

Jehovah's Witnesses 987 1.47 951 1.07%

KKMI 234 0.26% 234 0.26%

Lutheran Church in the Philippines 668 0.99 421 0.47%

Nazarene - - 149 0.17%

Other Baptist 282 0.42 - -

Other Methodist 138 0.21 - -

Other Protestant 1,044 1.55 913 1.03%

Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association 284 0.42 - -

Philippine Episcopal Church 8,217 12.22 15,772 4.34%

Roman Catholic 45,314 67.4 57,016 64.07%

Salvation Army, Philippines 9 0.01 - -

Seventh Day Adventist 434 0.65 161 0.18%

Southern Baptist 233 0.35 177 0.20%

Tribal Religions 129 0.19 - -

United Church of Christ in the Philippines 1,349 2.01 785 0.88%

United Methodist Church 43 0.06 - -

Unknown 197 0.29 2,485 2.79%

Wesleyan 207 0.23%

None 95 0.14 647 0.73%

Other Religions 1,101 1.64 1,235 1.39%

Total 67,231 89,090 Source: /aCensus 2000, /b CBMS 2010

Population by Ethnicity The original settlers of La Trinidad during the earliest part of its history are the Ibalois. During the census of year 2000, almost a third of the population or 30% are Kankanaey, 27% are Ilocanos and 23% are Ibaloi. The remaining 20% consists of 81 different ethnic groups found all over the country. In 2010, CBMS survey shows that the Kankanaey now comprise 43% of the population. The Ibalois consists of 26% of the population. The rest of the population are of several ethno-linguistic groups from Luzon to Mindanao, a melting pot of highland and lowland cultures. Table 33: Population by Ethnicity, Census 2000

Ethnicity Both Sexes % Ethnicity Both Sexes %

Aggay 14 0.02 Itneg 22 0.03

Akeanon/Aklanon 33 0.05 Kalinga 271 0.40

Apayao/Yapayao 27 0.04 Kankanai/Kankanaey 20,780 30.91

Applai 476 0.71 Kapampangan 129 0.19

Ayangan 59 0.09 Karao 12 0.02

Balangao/Baliwon 14 0.02 Kinalinga 10 0.01

Bikol/Bicol 58 0.09 Kiniray-a 13 0.02

Bisaya/Binisaya 127 0.19 Maranao 46 0.07

Bontok/Binontok 244 0.36 Masbateño/Masbatenon 11 0.02

Cebuano 44 0.07 Pangasinan/Panggalato 441 0.66

Hamtikanon 17 0.03 Surigaonon 412 0.61

Hiligaynon, Ilonggo 63 0.09 Tagalog 4,106 6.11

Ibaloi/Inibaloi 16,383 24.37 Tausug 18 0.03

Ibanag 18 0.03 Waray 13 0.02

Ibontoc 2,118 3.15 Other Local Ethnicity 185 0.28

Ifugao 747 1.11 Chinese 35 0.05

Ikalahan/Kalanguya 1,044 1.55 American/English 136 0.20

Ilocano 18,847 28.03 Other Foreign Ethnicity 19 0.03

Iranon 18 0.03 Not Reported 221 0.33


27

Table 34: Population by Ethnicity, CBMS 2010

Indigenous Tribe Both Sexes % Indigenous Tribe Both Sexes %

Aberling 8 0.01% Itawes 16 0.02%

Aeta 77 0.09% Kabihug 6 0.01%

Agta 7 0.01% Kalanguya 1,126 1.27%

Applai 805 0.90% Kalinga 670 0.75%

Aromanen 11 0.01% Kankanaey 38,450 43.21%

Ati 10 0.01% Kapampangan 111 0.12%

Ayangan 5 0.01% Karao 39 0.04%

Badjao 9 0.01% Ifugao 34 0.04%

Bago 985 1.11% Mandaya 14 0.02%

Balangao 55 0.06% Mangyan 60 0.07%

Batangeṅo 6 0.01% Manobo 11 0.01%

Bicolano 94 0.11% Maranao 5 0.01%

Bisaya 208 0.23% Moro 61 0.07%

B'laan 11 0.01% Palawano 8 0.01%

Boholano 13 0.01% Pangasinense 380 0.43%

Bontoc 1,243 1.40% Samal 6 0.01%

Bukidnon 15 0.02% Tagakaolo 5 0.01%

Bulakeṅo 14 0.02% Tagalog 685 0.77%

Cebuano 66 0.07% Tagbanua 25 0.03%

Zamboangueño 6 0.01% Tarlakeṅo 5 0.01%

Cimaron 5 0.01% Tausug 5 0.01%

Gaddang 23 0.03% Teduray 8 0.01%

Ibaloi 23,719 26.65% Tinguian 34 0.04%

Ibanag 297 0.33% Ifugao-Tuwali 95 0.11%

Ifugao 1,167 1.31% Waray 26 0.03%

Igorot 747 0.84% Zambal 15 0.02%

Ikalahan 47 0.05% Others 78 0.09%

Ilocano 2,723 3.06% American 8 0.01%

Ilonggo/ Bugkalot 69 0.08% Not Stated 1,098 1.23%

Isinai 7 0.01% None 13,300 14.95%

Isneg/ Itneg 154 0.17% Total 32,606

Source: CBMS 2010

In- Migration CBMS survey results show that in 2010, there was a total of 33,299 in-migrants in La Trinidad. More than one third of them or 35% are found in Pico, 19% are in Balili, and 7% are found in Poblacion. The in-migration rate of La Trinidad is very high at 292.67%. Table 35: Number of Migrants by Barangay, 2010

Barangay Male Female Both Sexes %

Alapang 620 638 1,258 4%

Alno 166 177 343 1%

Ambiong 1,028 1,063 2,091 6%

Bahong 418 443 861 3%

Balili 2,922 3,491 6,413 19%

Beckel 272 278 550 2%

Betag 591 738 1,329 4%

Bineng 62 56 118 0%


28

Cruz 475 533 1,008 3%

Lubas 679 766 1,445 4%

Pico 5,628 5,979 11,607 35%

Poblacion 1,021 1,241 2,262 7%

Puguis 843 981 1,824 5%

Shilan 197 212 409 1%

Tawang 698 742 1,440 4%

Wangal 151 190 341 1%

La Trinidad 15,771 17,528 33,299 100%

Source: CBMS 2010

Length of Residency More than one third of the population, at 37%, have been residents of La Trinidad since birth. But almost one third also, at 30% has been residing in La Trinidad for 5 years and less. And 13% have been in La Trinidad for 6 to 10 years. This confirms the very high in-migration rate of the municipality. Table 36: Length of Residency in the Barangay, 2010

Length of Residency Both Sexes % Length of Residency Both Sexes %

0 - 5 Years 26,455 29.73%

6 - 10 Years 11,257 12.65% 46 - 50 Years 426 0.48%

11 - 15 Years 5,784 6.50% 51 - 55 Years 243 0.27%

16 - 20 Years 4,512 5.07% 56 - 60 Years 197 0.22%

21 - 25 Years 2,571 2.89% 61 - 65 Years 114 0.13%

26 - 30 Years 2,183 2.45% 66 Years and Above 158 0.18%

31 - 35 Years 1,020 1.15% Since Birth 32,650 36.69%

36 - 40 Years 866 0.97% Not Stated 124 0.14%

41 - 45 Years 430 0.48% Total 88,990 Source: CBMS 2010

Household Population 5 yrs. old and over by Place of Residence, 5 years ago

In year 2000, 92% of those living in La Trinidad had resided in La Trinidad for at least 5 years. About 3% are from the province of Benguet. Another 2.31% are from other provinces and about 0.47% are from foreign countries.

Table 37: Household Population, 5 years old and over by Place of Residence 5 years ago, Census 2000

Place of Residence, 5 years ago Male % Female % Both Sexes %

La Trinidad 27,262 46.23 27,221 46.16 54,483 92.38

Other Municipality/Same Province 891 1.51 972 1.65 1,863 3.16

Other Province 627 1.06 735 1.25 1,362 2.31

Foreign Country 101 0.17 178 0.30 279 0.47

Unknown 492 0.83 496 0.84 988 1.68

Source: NSO, Census 2000

NSO Census result in 2010 revealed that 92% of those living in La Trinidad had resided in La Trinidad for at least 5 years. About 4% are from the province of Benguet, 4% from other provinces and about 0.24% are from foreign countries.


29

Table 38: Household Population, 5 years old and over by Place of Residence 5 years ago, Census 2010

Place of Residence, 5 years ago Male % Female % Both Sexes %

La Trinidad 43,405 49.31 44,613 50.69 88,018 92.00

Other Municipality/Same Province 1,948 2.21 2,252 2.56 4,200 4.00

Other Province 1,552 1.76 1,726 0.02 3,278 4.00

Foreign Country 100 0.11 125 0.14 225 0.24

Unknown 0 1 1 0.00 Source: NSO, Census 2010

Voting Population More than half of the population, at 64% or 68,636 persons were in the voting age in 2010. But out of this, there are only 34,315 registered voters, or about 50% of the potential voting population. This means that about half of the existing adult population in La Trinidad, do not cast their votes here. During the conduct of the May 10, 2010 elections 27,977, or 82% of the registered voters actually casted their vote. Registered voters increased to 37,295 in May of 2013. As of December 30, 2015, the COMELEC reported a total of 39,607 registered voters. Table 39: Voting Population, 2010-2015

Year 2010 Nov 2012 May 2013 Dec. 2015

Registered Voters 34,315 35,883 37,295 39,607

Voters deactivated for not voting for 2 consecutive elections

- - - 4,672

Voters who transferred - 364 96 1,024

Cancelled Registered Voters by reason of Death - 14 - 277

Established Precincts - 54 54 260

Clustered Precincts 48 54 109 66

Voting Centers - 26 26 26

Source: COMELEC-La Trinidad

IV. EDUCATION As the capital town of the province, the municipality has served as an educational center for its neighboring municipalities. Second to Baguio City, the municipality is touted as one of the prime education centers in the province. And the Benguet State University is recognized as one the Centers of Education Excellence in the country. Aside from being the center of agricultural education, it has branched out to offer services in undergraduate and graduate studies in the arts, sciences humanities, natural sciences, humanities and other technical courses. Literacy The simple literacy rate has increased since 1995 to 2006 from 94.77% to 97.98%. This slightly increased to 97.99% during Census 2007. In the CBMS 2010, it slightly decreased to 97.68. Table 40: Literacy Rates: 1995, 2000, 2006, 2007, 2010

Sources: /a Census , /b MPDO computations from the Education Monitoring Survey, 2006, Mun. Social Welfare & Development Office- People’s Initiative for Learning and Community Development- Action for Economic Reform

(MSWDO-PILCD-AER), /c CBMS

Year 1995/a

2000/a

2006/b

2007/a

2010/c

Simple Literacy Rate 94.77% 96.19% 97.98% 97.99 97.68


30

At the barangay level, Cruz has the highest literacy rate at 98.85, followed by Betag, at 98.66%, and Pico at 98.48%. Poblacion has the highest illiteracy rate at 4.38%, followed by Beckel at 3.85, and Bahong at 3.78%. Table 41: Literacy By Barangay and Sex, 10 years old and above, 2010

Literacy/ Literate Illiterate Not Total

Barangay M F Total Rate M F Total Rate Stated

Alapang 1,469 1,480 2,949 97.88% 37 27 64 2.12% - 3,013

Alno 903 857 1,760 97.72% 22 19 41 2.28% - 1,801

Ambiong 2,098 2,089 4,187 98.15% 37 42 79 1.85% - 4,266

Bahong 1,623 1,556 3,179 96.22% 61 64 125 3.78% - 3,304

Balili 6,008 6,549 12,557 98.12% 100 140 240 1.88% - 12,797

Beckel 1,247 1,178 2,425 96.15% 43 54 97 3.85% - 2,522

Betag 1,432 1,666 3,098 98.66% 20 21 41 1.31% 1 3,140

Bineng 572 467 1,039 96.03% 21 16 37 3.42% 6 1,082

Cruz 1,160 1,254 2,414 98.85% 11 16 27 1.11% 1 2,442

Lubas 1,652 1,737 3,389 98.15% 22 42 64 1.85% - 3,453

Pico 5,037 5,129 10,166 98.48% 69 88 157 1.52% - 10,323

Poblacion 3,005 3,215 6,220 95.60% 136 149 285 4.38% 1 6,506

Puguis 2,525 2,494 5,019 97.59% 55 67 122 2.37% 2 5,143

Shilan 1,534 1,318 2,852 96.65% 44 53 97 3.29% 2 2,951

Tawang 2,386 2,350 4,736 98.11% 34 57 91 1.89% - 4,827

Wangal 1,646 1,642 3,288 98.09% 25 39 64 1.91% - 3,352

Municipal 34,297 34,981 69,278 97.68% 737 894 1,631 2.30% 13 70,922 Source: CBMS 2010

In Census year 2000, those who have reached at least elementary level was at 30% of the household population 5 years old and over. In a local study in 2006, it was at 35% of the household population 6 years old and over. This was reduced to 22.4% in 2007 Census. In year 2000, 14% of the household population 5 years and over, graduated high school. This increased to 16% in 2006 and 22% in 2007. The same trend is true for college graduates: only 8% in year 2000, increasing to 13% in 2006, and further increasing to 18% in 2007. Table 42: Highest Educational Attainment (2000, 2006, 2007)

Highest 2000 Census/a

2006 Literacy Survey/b

2007 Census/c

Educational hh pop’n 6 yrs old hh pop’n

Attainment 5 Yrs + % & over % 6 Yrs + %

No Grade Completed 2,203 3.74% 1,531 2.02% 1,705 2.01%

Pre-School 1,462 2.48% 1,564 2.07% 1,903 2.25%

Elementary 17,695 30.00% 26,826 35.43% 18,977 22.40%

(1st - 4th Grade) (9,091) (15.42%) (12799) (16.91%) (9,081) (10.72%)

(5th - 7th Grade) (8,604) (14.59%) (7530) (9.95%) (2,362) (2.79%)

(Graduate) (6498) (8.58%) (7,534) (8.89%)

High School 16,760 28.42% 25,046 33.08% 27,256 32.18%

(Undergraduate) (8,603) (14.59%) (12967) (17.13%) (8,920) (10.53%)

(Graduate) (8,157) (13.83%) (12079) (15.95%) (18,336) (21.65%)

Post-Secondary 3,416 5.79% 1,896 2.50% 3,446 4.07%

(Undergraduate) (672) (1.14%) (138) (0.16%)

(Graduate) (2,744) (4.65%) (3,308) (3.91%)

College 15,853 26.88% 18,428 24.34% 30,040 35.47%

(College Undergrad) (11,318) (19.19%) (8365) (11.05%) (14,532) (17.16%)

(Degree Holder) (4,535) (7.69%) (10063) (13.29%) (15,508) (18.31%)

Post-Baccalaureate 385 0.65% 317 0.42% 487 0.57%

Not Stated 1,201 2.04% 101 0.13% 894 1.06%

TOTAL 58,975 75,708 84,708 Sources: /a Census , /b MPDO computations from the Education Monitoring Survey, 2006), /c CBMS


31

NSO Survey results in 2010 show that 22,591 or 24% of the total school age population have reached Elementary Level. 28,526 or 30% of the population were in high school, where 14,926 are males and 13,600 were females. There were 18,772 Academic Degree Holders, wherein 7,431 are males and 11,341 are females. Noticeably, there are a lot more female degree holders than males. There is a continuing increase in college graduates where 18,772 or 20% of the total population were able to graduate.

Table 43: Highest Grade/Year Completed of 5 years Old and Over, 2010

Source: NSO Census 2010 Highest Educational Attainment, 3 years old and above (2010)

In 2010, the household population, 3 years old and over, 7.31% were elementary graduates, while 16.38% were high school graduates. Another 2.55% were post-secondary graduates, 16.35% were college graduates, and 0.48% had a Master’s Degree. Table 44: Educational Attainment, Household population 3 years old and above

Sex Male Female Both Sexes

Educational Attainment # % # % # %

No Grade 3381 4.01% 3368 4.00% 6749 8.01%

Day Care 959 1.14% 857 1.02% 1816 2.16%

Nursery/Kindergarten/Preparatory 887 1.05% 854 1.01% 1741 2.07%

Grade 1 1306 1.55% 1185 1.41% 2491 2.96%

Grade 2 1309 1.55% 1074 1.28% 2383 2.83%

Grade 3 1395 1.66% 1073 1.27% 2468 2.93%

Grade 4 1292 1.53% 1082 1.28% 2374 2.82%

Grade 5 1314 1.56% 1056 1.25% 2370 2.81%

Grade 6/7 494 0.59% 411 0.49% 905 1.07%

Elementary Graduate 3398 4.03% 2756 3.27% 6154 7.31%

1st Year High School 1684 2.00% 1388 1.65% 3072 3.65%

2nd Year High School 1778 2.11% 1516 1.80% 3294 3.91%

3rd Year High School 1427 1.69% 1479 1.76% 2906 3.45%

4th/5th Year High School 496 0.59% 454 0.54% 950 1.13%

High School graduate 7059 8.38% 6734 7.99% 13793 16.38%

No Grade Completed 2,009 2% 894 1% 1,115 1%

Preschool 2,952 3% 1,552 2% 1,400 1%

Elementary 22,591 24% 12,482 13% 10,109 11%

Ist to 4th Grade 11,016 12% 6,046 6% 4,970 5%

5th to 6th Grade 4,051 4% 2,232 2% 1,819 2%

Graduate 7,524 8% 4,204 4% 3,320 3%

High School 28,526 30% 14,926 16% 13,600 14%

Undergraduate 10,859 11% 5,746 6% 5,113 5%

Graduate 17,667 18% 9,180 10% 8,487 9%

Post Secondary 3,071 3% 1,602 2% 1,469 2%

Undergraduate 544 1% 284 0% 260 0%

Graduate 2,527 3% 1,318 1% 1,209 1%

College Undergraduate 16,363 17% 7,457 8% 8,906 9%

Academic Degree Holder 18,772 20% 7,431 8% 11,341 12%

Post Baccalaureate 1,015 1% 468 0% 547 1%

Not Stated 423 0% 193 0% 230 0%

Total 95,722 47,005 49% 48,717 51%

% to total

Population

% to total

Population

Highest Grade/Year

Completed by Sex

HH Popn

5 years

Old and

Male% to total

PopulationFemale


32

1st year Post Secondary 266 0.32% 181 0.21% 447 0.53%

2nd year Post Secondary 360 0.43% 324 0.38% 684 0.81%

3rd year Post Secondary 90 0.11% 73 0.09% 163 0.19%

Post-Secondary graduate 1195 1.42% 957 1.14% 2152 2.55%

1st year College 1806 2.14% 2092 2.48% 3898 4.63%

2nd year College 1922 2.28% 2381 2.83% 4303 5.11%

3rd year College 1501 1.78% 1776 2.11% 3277 3.89%

4th year College or higher 676 0.80% 715 0.85% 1391 1.65%

College graduate 5552 6.59% 8223 9.76% 13775 16.35%

With units Masters/Doctors 97 0.12% 119 0.14% 216 0.26%

Doctors/Master’s degree 162 0.19% 239 0.28% 401 0.48%

Not Stated 27 0.03% 29 0.03% 56 0.07%

Total 41833 49.67% 42396 50.33% 84229 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010

Highest Grade/year Completed of Household Population 5 Years Old and Over, 2010 In 2010 NSO Survey, there were 10,542 individuals aged 5-9 years old. Of the total age population, there were about 12% or 1,281 individual who did not complete any grade. Among them are 658 males and 623 females. In age group 10-16 y/o, there were 3.11% or 43 individuals, 22 males and 21 females who were not able to complete any grade. Likewise, in age group 17-35 y/o and over, 685 or around 1% of the total age group population did not finish any grade. There were a total of 6,333 aged 5-9 y/o were able to complete 1st to 4th grade (elementary). For age 10-16 y/o, 936 males and 849 females graduated elementary. In high school level, 1,251 graduated while 5,337 were undergraduates. Moreover, there were 148 who reached post-secondary, and 364 were college undergraduates. There were 18,772 Academic Degree Holders in 2010 (aged 17-35 and over). For Post Baccalaureate level, 1,015 individuals were able to complete. There were also 15,979 who were college undergraduates, 2,923 post-secondary, 21,938 high school level (5,522 undergraduates and 16,416 graduates), and 5,739 elementary graduates. Table 45: Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Grade/Year Completed, 2010

Highest Grade/Year Completed

5-9 y/o 10-16 y/o 17-35 y/o and over

Male Female Both Sexes



No Grade Completed 658 623 1,281 22 21 43 214 471 685

Preschool 1,538 1,390 2,928 10 2 12 4 8 12

Elementary 3,318 3,015 6,333 3,563 3,090 6,653 5,601 4,004 9,605

1st - 4th Grade 3,318 3,015 6,333 1,360 1,060 1,700 1,368 895 2,263

5th - 6th Grade - - - 1,267 1,181 2,448 965 638 1,603

Graduate - - - 936 849 1,785 3,268 2,471 5,739

High School - - - 2,991 3,597 6,588 11,935 10,003 21,938

Undergraduate - - - 2,491 2,846 5,337 3,255 2,267 5,522

Graduate - - - 500 751 1,251 8,680 7,736 16,416

Post Secondary - - - 59 89 148 1,543 1,380 2,923

Undergraduate - - - 59 89 148 225 171 396

Graduate - - - - - - 1,318 1,209 2,527

College Undergraduate

- - - 142 222 364 7,315 8,684 15,979

Academic Degree Holder

- - - - - - 7,431 11,341 18,772

Post baccalaureate - - - - - - 468 547 1,015

Not Stated - - - 47 78 125 146 152 298

TOTAL 5,514 5,028 10,542 6,834 7,099 13,933 34,657 36,590 71,247

Source: NSO


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Household Population, 5 to 24 years old Attending School, 2007 Seventy percent of those between aged 5 to 24 years old were attending school in SY 2007-2008. Of the 70%, 33% were males, and 36 % were females. For the thirty percent who were not attending, 14% were males and 16% were females. Of the total household population 5 to 24 yrs. old not attending school, 21% belonged to the age group 20 to 24 years old. And 7% belonged to the 15-19 years old group. Table 46: Household Population, aged 5 to 24 years old who are Attending School, 2007

HH Popn 5 to 24 y/o Attending % to Popn

Age Group

5 - 9 % 10- 14 % 15 - 19 % 20 - 24 %

Total 31316 70% 8629 19% 8089 18% 10782 24% 3816 8%

Male 14979 33% 4497 10% 4042 9% 4630 10% 1810 4%

Female 16337 36% 4132 9% 4047 9% 6152 14% 2006 4%

HH Pop 5 to 24 y/o Not Attending % to Popn

Age Group

5 - 9 % 10- 14 % 15 - 19 % 20 - 24 %

Total 13,603 30% 573 1% 305 1% 3,354 8% 9,371 21%

Male 6,338 14% 318 1% 182 0% 1,581 4% 4,257 9%

Female 7,265 16% 255 1% 123 0% 1,773 4% 5,114 11%

Source: Census 2007

Highest Educational Attainment of those attending school, 3 years old and above, 2010

In 2010, there was a total of 29,083 who were attending school, where 5.87% were enrolled in the Day Care service, 6.22% were in pre-school, 49.37 were in elementary, 21.35% were in high school, 1.33% were in post-secondary school, 27.61% were in college, and 0.34% were taking their Masteral Degree. Table 47: Highest Educational Attainment of those Attending School

Sex Male Female Both sexes

Grade/Year Level # % # % # %

Day Care 855 2.94% 851 2.93% 1706 5.87%

Nursery/Kindergarten/Preparatory 939 3.23% 870 2.99% 1809 6.22%

Grade 1 1058 3.64% 990 3.40% 2048 7.04%

Grade 2 1001 3.44% 922 3.17% 1923 6.61%

Grade 3 964 3.31% 883 3.04% 1847 6.35%

Grade 4 916 3.15% 869 2.99% 1785 6.14%

Grade 5 883 3.04% 828 2.85% 1711 5.88%

Grade 6/7 748 2.57% 781 2.69% 1529 5.26%

Total in Elementary 7364 25.32% 6994 24.05% 14358 49.37%

1st Year HS 875 3.01% 851 2.93% 1728 5.94%

2nd Year HS 724 2.49% 810 2.79% 1534 5.27%

3rd Year HS 655 2.25% 767 2.64% 1422 4.89%

4th/5th Year HS 677 2.33% 847 2.91% 1524 5.24%

Total in High School 2931 10.08% 3275 11.26% 6208 21.35%

1st year PS 128 0.44% 100 0.34% 228 0.78%

2nd year PS 48 0.17% 52 0.18% 100 0.34%

3rd year PS 28 0.10% 31 0.11% 59 0.20%

Total in Post-Secondary 204 0.70% 183 0.63% 387 1.33%

1st year College 1020 3.51% 1366 4.70% 2386 8.20%


34

2nd year College 965 3.32% 1193 4.10% 2158 7.42%

3rd year College 786 2.70% 1031 3.55% 1817 6.25%

4th year College or higher 720 2.48% 949 3.26% 1669 5.74%

Total in College 3491 12.00% 4539 15.61% 8030 27.61%

Post Graduate School 40 0.14% 58 0.20% 98 0.34%

Not Stated 3 0.01% 1 0.00% 4 0.01%

Total 14033 48.25% 15050 51.75% 29083 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010

Children, aged 6 to 16 years old, Not Attending Elementary and High School, 2010 In 2010, a total of 327 children between the ages of 6 to 12 years old were recorded to be not attending elementary. Barangay Poblacion had the most children who are not in elementary, and Bineng has the least number. While a total of 590 children between the ages of 13 to 16 years old were not attending high school. Of the barangays, Puguis recorded the most number while Bineng had the least number of children not attending high school. Table 48: No. of Children not attending Elementary and High School

Barangay Children 6 to 12 years old Not attending Elementary

Children 13-16 years old Not attending High School

Alapang 19 21

Alno 2 15

Ambiong 23 23

Bahong 17 36

Balili 32 52

Beckel 7 12

Betag 1 6

Bineng 26 22

Cruz 14 16

Lubas 18 48

Pico 43 89

Poblacion 49 51

Puguis 28 91

Shilan 30 43

Tawang 5 40

Wangal 15 25

Total 327 590

Source: CBMS 2010 Educational Facilities

There are a growing number of pre-schools in La Trinidad today with a total of 33 schools. There are 24 Public elementary schools in the municipality and one school for special children. In terms of secondary schools, there are 8 public and 7 private schools. The Benguet State University is the lone state university in the municipality and there are 8 private colleges. Moreover, there are a growing number of vocational/ technical schools. This may be due to the increased demand for skilled workers abroad. To date, there are 3 public schools and 23 registered private schools. Among the private technical vocational schools, there are 8 schools with language programs.

Pre- School & Elementary

Table 49: Private Pre-Schools and Elementary Schools by Location, SY 2013-2014

Name of School Category Location

Advocates Academic College, Inc. Pre-school Balili

Benguet Learning Center, Inc. Pre- School& Elementary Wangal


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High School

Table 51: List of High Schools by Location

Private 1. San Jose High School Department Poblacion

2. CCDC High School Department Poblacion

Benguet Lilly Educational Center, Inc. Kinder I & II Shilan

Brilliant Child Christian Academy Pre-School & Elementary Km. 6, Betag

Central Balili Wesleyan Academy, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Balili

Cordillera Career Development College Pre-School & Elementary Poblacion

Epiphany Learning Center Inc. Pre- School, Grades I-V Km. 5, Betag

Full Bright Preparatory School, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Betag

Globalight Vision Center Pre-School, Grade I-IV Cruz

God’s Lamb Academy Pre-School & Elementary Poblacion

Holy Chapel Educational Center, Inc. Pre-School, Grade I-IV Poblacion

HOPE Christian Academy Pre-School & Elementary Km. 5, Balili

Immaculate Heart of Mary School of La Trinidad, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Pico

Immanuel Family Learning Institute of The Phils. Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Ambiong

Keys of the Kingdom Ministries Learning Center Pre- School, Grades I-V Pico

La Trinidad Nazarene Learners Center Pre-School & Elementary Pico

Lifeway Preschool Pre-school Wangal

Little Flower Children’s Home Foundation, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Km. 4, Balili

Molders of Dreams Educational Center Pre-School & Elementary Puguis

Orientian School, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Betag

Our Lady of Nativity School of Ambiong, Inc. Pre-School Ambiong

Philippine Asia Bible College Foundation, Inc. Pre-school & Elementary Pico

Rainbow Mission Int’l Academy, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Poblacion

Royal Educational Achievers School, Inc.- REACH Pre-School & Elementary Pico

San Jose School of La Trinidad, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Poblacion

Shekinah Educational Center of Benguet, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Pico

Star Educational Christian Foundation Pre-School & Elementary Pico

St. Therese School of Tomay, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Bahong

Sunbeam Learning Center Pre-School & Elementary Pico

Super Kids Learning Center Pre-School & Elementary Puguis

The Montessori Academy of La Trinidad, Beng., Inc Pre-School & Elementary Km. 4, Balili

UCCP Integrated School Pre-School & Elementary Cabanao Balili

VETEC Foundation, Inc. Pre-School & Elementary Shilan

Source: DedEd, LT Div. Office, 2013-2014, MPDO Survey

Table 50: List of Public Elementary Schools

1. Alapang Camp Dangwa E/S 13. Lamtang E/S

2. Alno Kadoorie E/S 14. Longlong E/S

3. Ambiong E/S 15. Lubas E/S

4. Bahong E/S 16. Pagal E/S

5. Balili E/S 17. Pico Bayabas E/S

6. Balukas E/S 18. Puguis E/S

7. Beckel E/S 19. Tacdian E/S

8 Bineng E/S 20. Tawang E/S

9. Bodiweng E/S 21. Talinguroy E/S

10. Buyagan E/S 22. Wangal E/S

11. Lamut E/S 23. Benguet Special Education Center

12. La Trinidad Central School 24. BSU Elementary Department


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3. Star Education Christian Foundation Pico

4. HOPE Christian Academy, Inc. Wangal

5. La Trinidad Nazarene Learners Center Pico

6. Rainbow Mission International Academy, Inc. Poblacion

7. Sunbeam Learning Center Pico

8. Kings College of the Philippines Pico

9. Philippine Asia Bible College Foundation, Inc. Pico

Public 1.Benguet National High School – Main Wangal

2. Benguet National High School – Alno Extension Alno

3. Benguet National High School – Bineng Extension Bineng

4. Benguet National High School Annex Puguis

5. La Trinidad National High School Lubas

6. Cordillera Regional Science High School Wangal

7 Benguet State University – Voag High School Balili

8. Benguet State University – Science High School Balili

9. Eastern La Trinidad National High School Beckel

Source: DepED-LT, SY2013-14

Tertiary Level

Table 52: List of Colleges and Universities by Location

Public 1. Benguet State University Balili

Private 1. Cordillera Career Development College Poblacion

2. King’s Colleges of the Philippines-Benguet Pico

3. Luzon Nazarene Bible College Pico

4. Benguet Vocational School Colleges, Inc. Pico

5. HML International College Km. 4, Pico

6. Triniville Central College Km. 3, Balili

7. Culinary Arts Hotel Entrepreneurial & Travel Services Academy Inc. Km. 4, Balili

8. Philippine College of Ministry of Baguio City, Inc. Puguis

Source: CHED

Technical Vocational

Table 53: List of Technical- Vocational Schools by Location

Private with 1. Advocates Academic College, Inc. Km. 4, Pico

Regular 2. Northskills Polytechnic College, Inc.(Formerly BOLTC)

Programs 3. Benguet Vocational School Colleges, Inc. Pico

4. Cordillera Career Development College Poblacion

5. Cordillera Quest Betag

6. King’s College of the Philippines-Benguet Pico

7. Jekkara Overseas Training. Center, Inc. Betag

8. JPC Heavy Equipment Training Center

9. Maxim Clark Academy, Inc.

10. Montañosa College Km. 6, Betag

11. La Trinidad Valley Institute of Technology Betag

Private 1. Triniville Central College Km. 3, Balili

with 2. Top Class Language Academy, Inc.

Language 3. Dream English Learning Center Philippines, Inc. Km. 4, Pico

Programs 4. The Units English Tutorial Institute, Inc.

5. Help English Language Program Inc. Puguis


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6. Aim High English Academy Inc.

7. Talaria Academy for Learning English Inc. Beckel

8. Cordillera Speech Management & Rhetoric Training Services

Other 1. Transcription Learning Center, Inc.

Private 2. Lifetrend Academy, Inc. Pico

3. Flex Impact Security Training Services, Inc.

4. Immanuel Family Learning Institute of the Philippines, Inc.

Public 1. Benguet Livelihood Productivity Center Wangal

2. Benguet State University Balili

Source: TESDA, Licensing Section-Mayor’s Office

Enrolment by Level of Education With the growing population, there is an increasing trend in enrolment at all levels of education. Table 54: Enrolment by Pre-School, Elementary, Secondary, and Tertiary (2013-2014 and 2014-2015)

School Level

SY

Total

SY

Total 13-14 14-15

Male Female Male Female

Pre-School 1,315 1,184 2,499 1,105 1,076 2,181

Public 807 702 1,509 753 751 1,504

Private 508 482 990 352 325 677

Elementary 7,049 6,409 13,458 8,183 7,536 15,719

Public 4,960 4,573 9,533 5,771 5,339 11,110

Private 2,089 1,836 3,925 2,412 2,197 4,609

Secondary 3,333 3,662 6,995 3,463 3,722 7,185

Public 1,864 2,131 3,995 1,971 2,144 4,115

Private 1,469 1,531 3,000 1,492 1,578 3,070

Tertiary 5594 10,019 15,613 5,438 10,806 16,244

Public 3,288 7,245 10,533 3,046 7,724 10,770

Private 2,306 2,774 5,080 2,392 3,082 5,474

Total 17,291 21,274 36,066 17,084 22,064 39,148

Source: DepEd- La Trinidad District, DepEd-CAR, CHED

A significant increase of 1,390 in enrolment to technical/vocational course was recorded by TESDA-Benguet in 2015. With the data in 2014 at 3,710, total enrolees for 2015 has increased to 5,100 with a total increase rate of 27%. Among them were 3,200 males and 1,900 females. The increase maybe associated with the high demand of employment opportunities abroad. Table 55: Enrolment in Technical & Vocational Schools, 2009-2015

TYPE OF

TECHNICAL

SCHOOL 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2014 2015

Male Female Male Female

Public 951 312 786 960

4067 80 98 214 120

Private 3,250 6,518 2,750 3,200 1,796 1,736 2,986 1,780

Total 4,201 6,830 3,530 4,160 4,067 1,876 1,834 3,200 1,900


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Source: TESDA Of the total school enrolment in 2010 at 37,738, 29, 083 students or 77% of all students were currently residing in La Trinidad, and 8,655 or 23% of the total student population were from nearby areas. Performance Indicators

Elementary Level In terms of performance indicators, the cohort survival rate, which shows the proportion of enrolees in the beginning of the grade or school-year who reached grade 6, has decreased from 84% in SY 2012-2013, 83.35% in SY 2013-2014 and further decreased to a low rate of 73.92 in the last SY 2014-2015.

The retention rate, the proportion of the enrolment in the school year that continues to be in school in the following year, is placed at a high 98% for SY 2012-2013 , but decreased to 96.52 in SY 2013-2014. No report was made for SY 2014-2015.

The transition rate, the percentage of pupils who graduate from one level of education and move on to the next higher level (from primary to intermediate or from intermediate to secondary), is at 100% for school year 2012-13 which has decreased to 96.90% in 2014. No report was made for SY 2014-2015.

The repetition rate, the proportion of pupils who enrolled in the same grade/year more than once to the total number of pupils in that grade/year during SY 2014-2015, is at .43%.

The completion rate, the percentage of first year entrants in a cycle of education surviving to the end of the cycle, is at a low 73.23% during school year 2014-15.

The Dropout rate, the proportion of pupils/students who leave school during the school year as well as those who complete the grade/year level but fail to enrol in the next grade/year level the following school year to the total number of pupils/students enrolled during the previous school year, is generally nil in the past school-years. In SY 2014-2015, it has increased to a rate of .93% from .25 in SY 2013-2014.

The failure rate also shows a very low percentage for the past school years at 0.80% in SY 2013-2014. No report was made during SY 2014-2015.

The Graduation rate, (the proportion of pupils/students who finished grade 6 in the present year compared to the number of pupils/students who enrolled in grade 6 in the present year), has been generally high in the past years, and even higher during the last school year with 98.11% rate for male graduates and 99.56% for female graduates or an average of 98.84%. It has decreased to 97.93% in SY 2014-2015. Table 56: Performance Indicators, Elementary Level, SY 2011-2012 to SY ’14-‘15

Source: DepEd- La Trinidad District, ND- No data available High School Level: Performance Indicators

PERFORMANCE

INDICATORS (%) SY

11-12 SY

12-13

SY 13-14 SY 14-15

M F Ave. M F Ave.

Cohort Survival rate 93 84 78.43 88.27 83.35 - - 73.92

Retention rate 84 98 97.25 95.78 96.52 ND ND ND

Transition rate 99 100 96.13 97.67 96.90 ND ND ND

Repetition rate 3 3 2.29 0.87 1.58 .57 .29 0.43

Completion rate 85 84 82.57 88.57 85.57 - - 73.23

Drop-out rate 0.6 0.44 0.36 0.13 0.25 - - 0.93

Failure rate 4 6 1.07 0.52 0.80 ND ND ND

Graduation rate 99 97 98.11 99.56 98.84 97.66 98.22 97.93


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The performance indicators in the high school level are generally lower compared to those in the elementary level. The completion rate is at a low 72.63% for males and 89.73% for females, and the cohort survival rate is also at a low 75.62% male and 93.34% female as of SY ’13-’14. In SY ’14-’15, the cohort survival rate is at 85.23% and the retention rate is at 96.62%. Graduation rate for High School during SY 2014-2015 is a low 93.07%. Other indicators were not reported for SY 2014-2015. Table 57: Performance Indicators, High School Level, SY ‘12 – ‘13, ‘13-’14, and ‘14 –‘15

Source: DepEd-Benguet Division, ND- No data available; /c: corrected from New Data Sports & Recreation Facilities All public elementary schools have open school playgrounds, but the move nowadays is to at least to have a covered court, such as in Puguis and Buyagan Elementary School. This provides a venue for the pupils to play and for other community purposes. Moreover, as the capital town of the province, the municipality normally hosts provincial sports meets annually. Most games are hosted by the Benguet State University, the provincial Stockfarm area, and other public closed gyms. Table 58: Sports and Recreation Facilities

Location Sports Facility Area Served

1. Benguet State University 2 Gymnasiums Municipal wide

1 Open Basketball Court

1 Track Oval

2 Volleyball Courts

1 Sepak Takraw Court

1 Open Court

2. Municipal Hall 1 Closed Gymnasium Municipal wide

3. Cordillera College 1 Open Basketball Court Poblacion

4. San Jose High School 1 Closed Gymnasium Poblacion

5. Benguet Capitol 1 Open Gymnasium Provincial wide

6. All Public Elementary Schools 24 Open Playgrounds Respective Brgys.

7. DPWH, Stock farm, Wangal 1 Open Basketball Court Wangal

8. Stock farm, Wangal 1 Track Oval Municipal Wide

9. Commission on Audit 1 Open Basketball Court Betag

1 Closed Gym

10. Pico 1 Bowling Lane Municipal Wide

11. Betag, Poblacion, Pico 9 Physical Fitness Gyms Municipal Wide

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

SY

’12- ‘13

SY ’13-‘14

SY ’14 –‘15

M F Ave. Rate

M F Ave.

Rate M F

Ave. Rate

Cohort Survival rate

70.57/c 91.84/c 81.50 75.62/c 93.34/c 84.07 76.60/c 92.99/c 85.23

Retention rate 97.09/c 100/c 99.44 96.90/c 99.11/c 98.06 94.51/c 98.54/c 96.62

Transition rate 100/c 100/c 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Repetition rate 5.65/c 0.84/c 3.05 3.49/c 0.75/c 2.02 0.88/c 0.06/c 0.45

Completion rate 65.89/c 87.76/c 77.13 72.63 89.73 80.79 ND ND ND

Drop-out rate 3.42/c 1.59/c 2.44 3.90 1.71 2.75 ND ND ND

Failure rate 3.76/c 1.13/c 2.34 3.87 1.41 2.58 ND ND ND

Graduation rate 95.71/c 98.05/c 97.06 95.92 97.31 96.65 89.65 96.22 93.07


40

12. Pico 1 Music Studio Municipal Wide

13. Pico 3 Amusement Centers Municipal Wide

14. Puguis Elementary School 1 Open Gymnasium Barangay Wide

15. Buyagan Elementary School 1 Open Gymnasium Barangay Wide

V. HEALTH Health Facilities The 200-bed capacity Benguet General Hospital, one Municipal health Clinic and 22 Barangay Health Stations are the public health facilities available in the municipality. There are moreover, an increasing number of private clinics in the municipality and health services also abound in nearby Baguio City.

Table 59: Medical Facilities, 2015

Name of Facility Number Category No. of Beds

Benguet General Hospital 1 Tertiary/ Public 200

Rural Health Unit 1 Mun. Unit -

Barangay Health Stations 22 Mun./Brgy units -

Medical Clinic 10 Private

Dental Clinic 18 Private

Laboratory & Medical 8 Private

Optical 6 Private -

Skin Care 10 Private

Rehabilitation 1 Private

Renal Center 1 Private

Diabetic Clinic 1 Private

Total 79 Source: Licensing Section, Mayor’s Office

Vital Health Indices The Crude Birth Rate has decreased to 25% in 2015 from the figure of the previous year at 26%. The Crude Death Rate has decreased from 3.40% to 3.20%. The Infant Mortality however has a constant rate of 10% during the past two years. The Maternal Mortality rate has decreased from 1% to 0.30%. Table 60: Vital Health Indices 2008-2015

Indices (%) 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Crude Birth Rate 18.28 16.49 18.37 15.67 18.64 20.31 26.00/a 25

Crude Death Rate 3.07 4.31 3.12 3.23 3.99 4.85 3.40/a 3.20 Infant Mortality Rate 8.71 12.31 8.90 9.74 9.14 18.8 10.0/b 10 Maternal Mortality Rate 0.00 0.01 0.00 1.72/d 0.33 0.31 1.20 0.3 /a Rate per 1,000 population /b Rate per 1,000 live births /dnot from La Trinidad (2011) Source: Municipal Health Office (MHO)

Leading Causes of Morbidity The top leading causes of morbidity are primarily due to upper respiratory tract infections, hypertension, pneumonia, Acute Gastroenteritis, Skin Diseases, and Influenza in 2015. An increase in Upper Respiratory Tract Infection was reported in 2015 from 44% in 2014 to 49%. However, all other causes was observed to have decreased from that of the data in the previous year 2014. Table 61: Leading Causes of Morbidity, 2014 & 2015

No. 2014 2015

Cause Rate Male Female Both Sexes

Rate


41

1 Upper Respiratory Tract Infection 44.00 2,392 2,773 5,165 49

2 Hypertension 9.13 334 515 849 8.17

3 Pneumonia 8.47 333 290 623 5.99

4 Acute Gastroenteritis 5.70 237 262 499 4.79

5 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

5.67 117 107 204 1.96

6 Influenza 4.46 199 257 456 4.38

7 Dental Carries 4.30 146 175 321 3.09

8 Urinary Tract Infection 3.72 68 298 366 3.52

9 Wound/Injuries 3.61 223 139 362 2.52

10 Skin Diseases 2.86 267 300 567 5.45

11 Skin Allergy/Allergies 2.77 29 49 78

12 Fever 1.63 116 117 233 2.24

13 Headache Symptoms 1.60 74 144 218 2.10

14 Asthma 1.21 - - - -

15 Anemia 0.46 32 82 114 1.10

16 Gastritis 16 33 49

17 Diabetes Mellitus 14 30 44

18 Arthritis 11 6 17

19 Systemic Viral Infections (SVI) 14 16 30

20 Musculoskeletal Disorders 87 73 160

21 Other Bacterial Diseases 26 16 42

Source: MHO

Leading Causes of Mortality The top leading causes of death in 2014 are heart disease of all forms, hypertension, cancer of all forms, and Pneumonia. These leading causes of mortality remained during the past year 2015. Healthy lifestyle measures should be considered by the general public. Table 62: Leading Causes of Mortality, 2015

Cause 2015

Male Female Both Sexes Rate

Hypertension 36 25 61 17

Pneumonia 30 16 46 13

Cancer, of all forms 31 29 60 17

Cerebrovascular Disease - - - -

Heart Disease, all forms 44 33 77 21

Diabetes Mellitus 8 6 14 .04

Renal Disease, all forms 14 8 22 .06

Sepsis 4 8 12 .03

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

15 4 19 .05

Congenital Malformations, all forms

- - - -

Accidents 12 5 17 .05

Stroke/Cardiovascular Disease 14 18 32 .09

Source: MHO Leading Causes of Infant Mortality The top leading causes of fetal death in 2014 are prematurity, Sepsis, and Pneumonia. There were no reported number for infant mortality in 2015. Table 63 Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, 2007-2012


42

CAUSE/ RATE 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Pre-maturity 0.04 2.68 0.10 4.45 2.87 -

Asphyxia Neo-natorum 0.03 1.34 1.15 -

Congenital Heart Disease 2.87 0.01

Hyaline Membrane Disease 0.03 0.67 1.15

Sepsis, Pneumonia 0.03 3.35 0.07 1.27 0.57 0.06

Meningococcemia

Acute Gastroenteritis 0.01

Respiratory Disease Syndrome 0.09 0.57 0.05

Chronic Placental Insufficiency 0.03

Pulmonary haemorrhage, 0.67

Physical Injuries 2⁰ Landslide 0.04

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 1.27 0.05

Cerebral Palsy 0.05

Intestine Obstruction 0.05

Source: MHO

Table 64 Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, 2014

Cause/Rate 2014

Pre-maturity 28.21

Sepsis 25.64

Pneumonia 17.95

Asphyxia Neo-natorum 7.69

Respiratory Disease Syndrome 5.13

Pulmonary haemorrhage, Cardiopulmonary Arrest

5.13

Congenital Heart Disease 2.56

Anencephaly 2.56

Cord Prolapse 2.56

Very low birth weight 2.56

Source: MHO Morbidity and Treatment among Households, 2010 In year 2010, 1,015 households, or 4% of the total number of households, had members who did not get sick. Out of those who did get sick, 71% did not seek treatment for the illness and 24% of household members sought cure. Almost 43% received treatment from the Benguet Provincial General Hospital, 29% from private hospitals/Clinics, and 15% from the Baguio City General Hospital. Table 65: Households who Sought Treatment during Sickness, 2010

Availed of Treatment for Sickness Hhs %

Yes 5,539 24%

No 16,066 71%

Did Not Get Sick 1,015 4%

Not Stated 7 0%

Total 22,627 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Table 66: Place of Treatment

Place of Treatment # of hh %

Public hospital (provincial) 2,360 43%


43

Public hospital (city) 852 15%

Public hospital (district) 17 0%

Public hospital (national) 131 2%

Private hospital/clinic 1,606 29%

Rural health units 332 6%

Brgy. health station/center 189 3%

Non-medical/ Non-trained Hilot 34 1%

Others 18 0%

Total 5,539 100%

Source: CBMS 2010

Life Expectancy The Projected Life Expectancy as set at regional levels has been increasing since 1990 from 59.7 years old to 67.6 years old for males and 65.6 years old to 73 years old for females for 2010-2015.

Table 67: Life Expectancy, 1990-2015

Year Male Female

1990-1995 59.7 65.6

1995-2000 62.2 67.9

2001-2005 64.5 69.9

2010-2015 67.6 73.1

Source: http://www.nscb.gov.ph/stats/statwatch.asp

Nutritional Status of Children

The ratio of children (0 to 6 years old) with normal weight in 2014 is at 97%. It has slightly decreased to 96.46% in 2015. For those in primary school under the new category, 96.92% are of normal weight which have increased from 95% in 2014. Much of the government interventions to improve the nutritional status of the children include increasing nutrition awareness among parents, supplemental feeding in Day Care Centers, and focus on livelihood projects for families especially for those children belonging to the low income group.

Table 68: Nutritional Status of Pre-School Children (0-71 months, 0- 6 years old), 2012-2015

Year 2012 2013 2014 2015

Category # % # % M F Total % M F Total %

Normal Weight

13,732 98.25 10773 97.12 6,380 6,009 12,389 97.0 5,532 5,130 10,662 96.46

Severely Underweight

28 98.25 174 1.57 39 33 72 0.6 47 17 64 .58

Underweight 149 0.20 37 0.33 91 90 181 1.41 105 72 177 1.60

Overweight 67 1.07 109 0.28 105 85 190 1.5 86 64 150 1.36

Total 13,676 0.48 11,093 100 6,615 6,217 12,832 100 5,770 5,283 11,053 100

Table 69: Nutritional Status of Primary School Children, 2012-2015 Year 2012 2013 2014 2015

New Category* No. % No. % No. % No. %

Severely Wasted 79 0.73 56 0.59 35 0.29 53 0.43

Wasted 201 1.87 127 1.35

71 0.58 69 0.55

Normal 10,167 84.57 8,916 94.44

11,560 95.00 12,067 96.92

Overweight 248 2.31 292 3.09

341 2.80 262 2.10

Obese 56 0.52 50 1.53 162 1.33 103 0.83


44

Total 10,751 100 9,441 100 12,169 100 12,554 100

Source: MHO, *prescribed under World Health Organization

Family Planning Methods Usage The use of contraceptives among married women of child-bearing age (from 15-49 years old), exhibits a decreasing trend. In 2010, the contraceptive prevalence rate was at 21%, but in 2015, this has increased to 47% of married women who use contraceptives. But this can be actually higher, since records of the Municipal Health Office only show those who avail of the contraceptives from the midwives. Records from those who get from private clinics/pharmacies are not available. Nevertheless, modern family planning methods which are the pill and injection, are the more preferred methods among new acceptors and current users of contraceptives. In 2014, the MHO reported that there were 5,318 users of contraceptives which increased to 7,332 in 2015.

Table 70: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate, 2010-2015

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (%) 21/c 28/c 25/c 34/c 34 47

Current User at the end of the year 2,307 2,822 2,477 3,415 5,318 7,332

Source: MHO /c: corrected from New Data

Table 71: New Family Planning Acceptors by Method, 2011-2015

NEW ACCEPTORS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Modern FP Method

Users % Users % Users % Users % Users %

Pills 214 11.73 199 9.58 319 13.32 415 10.11 516 14

Injection 408 22.36 378 18.20 490 20.52 585 14.25 747 20

IUD 36 1.97 36 1.73 38 1.59 103 2.51 254 7

BTL - - - - - - 78 1.9 1 0.03

NSV - - - - - - 0 0.00 0 0.00

Condom - - - - - - 109 2.66 131 4

Natural FP Method

LAM 1,162 63.65 1,458 70.20 1,530 64.07 2,799 68.20 2,082 56

SDM 5 2.74 6 0.28 11 0.46 8 0.19 18 0.5

CMM/CM - - - - - - 7 0.17 2 0.05

NFP-BBT - - - - - - - - 0 0.00

NFP-STM - - - - - - - - 1 0.03

Total 1,824 100 2,077 100 2,388 100 4,104 100 3,752 100

Source: MHO

Table 72: Current Family Planning Users by Method, 2011-2015

CURRENT USERS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Modern FP Method Users % Users % Users % Users % Users %

Pills 836 32.00 699 31.16 319 13.10 1,112 20.99 1,406 19

Injection 844 32.37 835 37.23 490 20.13 1,525 28.78 1,821 25

IUD 261 10 217 9.67 38 1.56 335 6.32 606 8

BTL - - - - - - 102 1.92 215 3

NSV - - - - - - 4 0.08 4 0.1

Condom - - - - 46 1.89 279 5.27 131 4

Natural FP Method


45

LAM 617 23.66 454 20.24 1,530 62.86 1,903 35.91 2,766 38

SDM 49 2 38 1.69 11 0.45 32 0.60 50 0.7

CMM/CM - - - - - - 7 0.13 10 0.14

NFP-BBT - - - - - - - - 5 0.1

NFP-STM - - - - - - - - 1 0.01

TOTAL 2,607 100 2,243 100 2,434 100 5,299 100 6,655 100

Source: MHO

Environmental Sanitation

Solid Waste Management Data from the 1998 Feasibility Study for the Integrated Waste Management and Development (FS-IWMD) in the BLISTT shows that about 53% of garbage is biodegradable: organics comprise 28% while 25% are yard wastes. About 26% of wastes are recoverable materials: paper at 14%, glass at 2%, metals at 4% and plastics at 6%. Other un-reusable wastes are other combustible wastes and other dry waste for a total of 21%. As to garbage disposal in year 2000, about 73% of the garbage was disposed for collection by the Municipal Garbage trucks, about 18% practiced burning, and about 6% dumped their garbage in individual pits. Only 1.4% practiced composting of biodegradable wastes and 1.3% buried their garbage. Table 73: Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal, 2000

U S U A L M A N N E R O F G A R B A G E D I S P O S A L

Total Picked up Dumping in Composting Feeding

HH by Garbage Individual Pit Burning (Later Used Burying to Others

Truck (Not Burned) as Fertilizer) Animals

13,658 9,961 798 2,425 193 182 89 10

percent 72.93 5.84 17.76 1.41 1.33 0.65 0.07 Source: Census 2000, NSO

A study conducted by the TWG for SWM, in August 2007, shows a great change in the waste classification done in 1998. Residuals comprise an average of 55%. Biodegradable comprise 37% and recyclables comprise 8.7%.

Table 74: Type of Garbage Brought out for Collection, 2007

Type of Garbage brought out for collection Urban (%) Rural (%) Ave.

Biodegradable 35.68 37.68 36.68

Residual 52.07 57.14 54.605

Recyclable 12.25 5.18 8.715 Source: TWG-SWM, 2007

WASTE COMPOSITION

1998


46

Data from the 2014 Solid Waste Management Sector Project, Project Preparatory Technical Assistance of ADB (PPTA-8115 PHI) for La Trinidad show that about 49% of garbage is biodegradable: organics comprise 33% while 16% are yard wastes. About 23% of wastes are recoverable materials: paper at 11%, glass at 4%, metals at 2% and plastics at 6%. Other un-reusable wastes are other combustible wastes and other dry waste for a total of 28%.

Table 75: Waste Composition from Various Wastes Sources, 2013

Waste Types Commercial/Industrial Institutional Residential Market

Food Wastes 5.23 7.9 1.04 16.63

Vegetable/Organic/Food trimmings 22.45 15.89 34.62 28.68

Fish entrails/Chicken Feathers 0.13 0 0 0.72

Dead Animals 0.09 0 0 0

Coconuts (husks, trimmings, whole) 2.89 0.73 4.71 1.11

Wet and soiled paper 8.93 17.51 7.24 12.61

Garden trimmings, leaves 0.19 3.82 0 0

Wood (lumber) 1.01 0.84 0.43 0.13

Glass Bottles (whole, unbroken) 3.46 3.19 8.08 1.8

Metals 0.12 0.48 0.36 0

Tin can, aluminum cans, bottle caps 1.91 1.32 1.71 0.49

white paper, cardboard, carton 19.4 7.13 1.33 2.963

newspapers, magazines, other papers 4.1 5.01 1.86 0.44

Plastic bottles, PET 2.77 3.35 3.05 1.72

PE Plastic 2.09 0.3 0.37 1.24

Other Plastics, hard plastics 1.68 3.24 3.94 2.24

Plastic bags and wrappers 11.29 17.92 9.76 13.98

Marine shells (oysters, clams, mussels) 0.23 0 0.46 0

Textiles, clothes 2.43 2.06 2.23 5.39

Styro 0.82 1.25 0.59 1.03

Leather, rubber 0.89 0.29 2.59 0.84

E-Wastes (CD's, USB's, e-parts, c.p.s) 0.13 0.32 0.04 0

Diapers 3.46 0 11.45

6.86 Hair 0.28 0 0.02

Other residuals (cigarette butts, broken glass, ceramics) 1.23 1.98 1.44

WASTE COMPOSITION

2013


47

Hazardous wastes (battery, light bulbs, aerosols, pesticies, paint cans, brushes) 0.21 0.18 0.22 0.02

Fines (10 mm) 2.59 5.29 2.48 1.12

TOTAL 100 100 100 100

Source: SWMSP, LT SPAR 2014 Table 76: SW Generation in La Trinidad, 2013

SW Sources Generation

(in metric tons/day) %

Residential 52.80 56.45%

Commercial/Industrial 11.62 12.42%

Institutional 3.60 3.85%

Markets 25.52 27.28%

Total 93.54 100.00%

Composite generation rate in kg/capita/day* 0.78

Residential generation rate in kg/capita/day * 0.44

Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014 The composite generation rate for La Trinidad, that is the generation rate considering all

possible sources of wastes included in this WACS, is 0.78 kg/capita/day. However, since the wastes from the vegetable trading posts are not directly affected by the population of the municipality but by market demand, these wastes will not be used in deriving the SW generation rate that shall be used for the projections for waste generation as illustrated in the following table. Moreover, management of the vegetable wastes from the trading posts is different from those of the other sources.

Total waste generation without the wastes from the trading posts, is 72.57 metric tons per day

(Please refer to Table 32 for the breakdown of wastes from the markets.). The trading post residuals was included in this total, since this includes wastes from the establishments near the trading posts. The generation rate is 0.60 kg per capita per day.

Table 77: SW Generation (without trading posts wastes), 2013

Solid Waste Sources Generation

(in metric tons/day) %

Residential 52.80 72.76%

Commercial/Industrial 11.62 16.01%

Institutional 3.60 4.96%

Markets (1993 & 2002) 4.55 6.27%

Total 72.57 100.00%

SW Generation rate (less wastes from the vegetable trading posts) in kg/capita/day* 0.60

Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

Without the wastes from the trading posts, the residential wastes comprise more than 70% of the solid waste stream. The remaining more than 20% is shared by the other sources.

Table 78: Solid Waste Generation from Local Markets, 2013

Market Waste Source Daily generation (in metric tons)

Trading post residuals 1.903

Public Market 2.649

Trading posts Biodegradables 20.969

Total 25.521



48

Considering the households alone, the generation rate is only 0.44 kg. per capita per day. The ensuing table shows that the middle income households have the lowest generation rate at 0.39 kg/capita/day while the high income households have the highest generation rate at 0.62 kg/capita/day.

Among the major waste sources, market wastes have the highest percentage of biodegradable

wastes at nearly 60% and the lowest in recyclables, special wastes and fines.

Table 79: Residential SW Generation Rate per Income Bracket, 2013

Income Brackets SW Generation Rate

(in kg/capita/day)

Low Income 0.42

Middle Income 0.39

High Income 0.62

Residential Generation Rate 0.44


Commercial wastes have the highest percentage of recyclables at more than 35%, while

residential wastes is highest in residuals at more than 28%. Among these waste sources, biodegradable wastes are mostly, vegetable/food trimmings, and wet or soiled paper. Recyclables are mainly glass bottles, white paper, cartons, and other papers; while residuals are mostly plastic bags and wrappers and disposable diapers.

The loose density varies among the waste sources. The market wastes have the highest loose

density at 182 kg per cu.m., which may be attributed to the weight of the biodegradable materials. The institutions have the lowest, at 77%, which may be attributed to its recyclables which are mainly paper, and to its residuals which are mostly plastic food wrappers, and to its biodegradables that are more of soiled paper. Table 80: Waste Type Composition (in %) and Loose SW Density in Major Waste Sources


For commercial & industrial establishments, those in the semi-urban and rural areas generate more biodegradable wastes than those in the urban areas. But the latter generate more recyclables than the former. Although this result may have been affected by the type of generators sampled, it may also be attributed to the types of establishments located in these areas.

Table 81: Waste Type Composition (%) of Commercial/Industrial Wastes

Waste Type Commercial/Industrial Institutions Residential Markets*

Biodegradables 40.92 46.69 48.03 59.87

Recyclables 35.53 24.02 20.70 10.89

Residuals 20.75 23.82 28.57 28.10

Special Wastes 0.21 0.18 0.22 0.02

Fines 2.59 5.29 2.48 1.12

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Loose Density (in kg/m3)

107.28 77.49 105.64 182.03

Waste Type Commercial / Industrial

Semi-urban/Rural Urban LGU-wide

Biodegradables 53.44 39.04 40.92

Recyclables 22.33 37.51 35.53

Residuals 21.17 20.69 20.75

Special Wastes 0.05 0.23 0.21


49


Among the three (3) HH income classifications, the low-income households generate the least percentage of biodegradable wastes at 41%, but the highest percentage of residuals at 32% and recyclables at 24%. The middle-income households generate the highest percentage of biodegradables at 55% and the lowest percentage of recyclables. Table 82: Waste Composition of Residential Wastes, 2013

Waste Type Low-Income HH Middle-

Income HH High-Income

HH Residential LGU-

Wide

Biodegradables 41.71 55.49 53.16 48.03

Recyclables 24.23 14.75 21.59 20.69

Residuals 32.09 25.89 22.60 28.57

Special Wastes 0.21 0.30 0.11 0.22

Fines 1.77 3.57 2.54 2.48

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00


For the wastes from the trading posts and the public markets, majority of the wastes generated are biodegradable and only more than a quarter are residuals.

Table 83: Composition of Wastes from Markets, 2013

Source: SWMSP TA-8115 LT SPAR

For the vegetable trading posts, (both public and private), the solid wastes generated are mainly vegetable trimmings. Both sites generate more than 10 tons each daily. The loose density of the carrot trimmings was not measured but using the plastic sacks where they were stored, the loose density is 495kg/sack.

The main trading post generates trimmings from other vegetables as well as decaying

vegetables. From the characterization of one whole truckload of wastes from the trading post, more than 96% are vegetable wastes and a little over 3% consists of food wastes, soiled paper used in wrapping the vegetables, glass and PET bottles, PE plastics used in packing the vegetables, plastic bags and food wrappers, textiles, and styrofoam food packaging. The average loose density of the vegetable trimmings from the trading post is 230 kg/cu.m. The table below shows the projected waste generation based on population for the next 25 years.

Fines 3.01 2.53 2.59

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

Waste Type Trading Post Public Markets Markets*

Biodegradables 64.81 58.95 59.87

Recyclables 5.61 11.87 10.89

Residuals 27.24 28.26 28.10

Special Wastes 0.00 0.02 0.02

Fines 2.33 0.89 1.12

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00


50

Table 84: Waste Volume Projection over Observation Period in 5-year Steps (m3)

Generation/ Collection

2013 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Urban A 21,329 22,811 27,413 33,656 42,130 53,657 69,375

Urban B 45,913 49,103 59,010 72,449 90,692 115,504 149,339

Urban C 34,474 36,870 44,308 54,399 68,096 86,727 112,132

Rural 13,529 14,674 17,997 22,114 27,222 33,568 41,464

Institutional 8,061 9,429 13,951 20,641 30,539 45,185 66,853

Market 6,806 7,515 9,628 12,335 15,804 20,247 25,939

Business 22,926 27,887 45,507 74,261 121,183 197,753 322,703

Trading Post 33,904 35,413 39,483 44,022 49,082 54,724 61,014

Waste Collection 186,944 203,701 257,298 333,876 444,748 607,363 848,820


The estimated 50.07 tons of wastes delivered to the sanitary landfill is composed of more than 25 tons of biodegradable, nearly 4 tons of recyclables, and more than 21 tons of residuals, special wastes and fines.

Table 85: Comparative SW Composition of Collected and Dumped Wastes, 2013

Waste Type Collected Solid

Waste (%)

Dumped SW (less segregated by collectors), %

Estimated quantity of Dumped Solid Wastes (in

tons)

Biodegradable 49.94 51.58 25.83

Recyclables 10.14 7.72 3.86

Residuals 38.06 38.79 19.42

Special 0.15 0.14 0.07

Fines 1.71 1.77 0.89

Total 100 100 50.07


The factors that affect this may be due to:

The increase in the use of packaging materials, which are mostly residuals by manufacturers;

The increased awareness of residents to segregate recyclables to either re-use, recycle or sell it to the junk shops;

Lifestyle consumption pattern changes that induce consumers to buy products that are disposable after a single use;

The propensity of some residents to compost their garbage at home.

WASTE CLASSIFICATION 2013


51

Solid Waste Management Practices Waste Segregation At least 72.89% of all households in year 2010 claim to segregate their waste. But there are different ways of segregating. The municipal government advocates for at least three separate garbage cans for biodegradables, recyclables, and residuals. A separate study conducted by the TWG for SWM in early 2011 shows that, for those segregating their garbage, 50% segregate garbage correctly: into biodegradables, residual, and recyclable garbage. At least 41% segregate the biodegradable from the non-biodegradable, and 9% segregate only the recyclables. Recyclables About 58.9% claim to practice recycling and only 47% actually sell the recyclables to junk collectors. Composting Almost 40% claim to practice composting, of whom 7% have a covered compost pit and 18% have an open compost pit. But only 33% practice composting always, 24% practice composting most of the time, 12% do it once in a while, 3% say it is not applicable (due to lack of space or container for composting). Burning & Dumping Although ill-advised, due to the bad emissions into the air, burning is practiced by 14% of all households and 0.14% dump their garbage in the river, mountain sides, and vacant lots. Garbage Disposal for Collection Almost all households at 93.82% of households dispose of their garbage through garbage collection, wherein majority is through the municipal garbage collector, almost 40% through the barangay collector, 0.16% through private collector (most probably collecting recyclable wastes), and almost 6% are not covered by any garbage collection. And 77% claim to follow the municipal advisory to bring out their garbage before 8 o’clock in the morning. As to frequency of disposal for collection, almost one third, 32% of all households dispose of their garbage daily, 23% bring it out once a week , and 20% of all household dispose their garbage twice a week. SWM Information Knowledge regarding proper solid waste management practices, most often than not, come in the following order:

1. Television and Radio 2. Billboards, Posters, and tarpaulin 3. Flyers and brochures 4. Family members 5. School 6. Church

Table 86: SWM Practices by Household, 2010

SWM Practices # % to total # of hh

Garbage Collection 21,229 93.82%


52

Burning 3,271 14.46%

Composting 8,922 39.43%

Recycling 13,348 58.99%

Waste Segregation 16,492 72.89%

Compost Pit with Cover 1,680 7.42%

Compost Pit without Cover 4,135 18.27%

Others 111 0.49%

Source: CBMS 2010

Table 87: SWM Disposal by Type of Collector, 2010

Collector/ Barangay

Municipal Garbage Collector

Barangay Garbage Collector

Private Garbage Collector

None Not Stated

Alapang 821 22 2 33 -

Alno 3 441 1 43 -

Ambiong 299 1,018 6 2 50

Bahong 93 747 1 100 -

Balili 4,697 78 1 15 -

Beckel 629 3 - 126 8

Betag 1,147 11 - 3 -

Bineng 2 156 1 190 -

Cruz 605 66 3 4 -

Lubas 302 691 1 135 -

Pico 2,302 971 8 36 -

Poblacion 29 1,867 1 41 -

Puguis 1,339 56 2 226 -

Shilan 3 711 - 94 -

Tawang 32 1,318 5 27 -

Wangal 28 697 5 273 -

Municipal 12,331 8,853 37 1,348 58

% 54.50% 39.13% 0.16% 5.96% 0.26%

Source: CBMS 2010 Table 88: Frequency of Disposal, 2010

Barangay Daily 3x a Week 2x a Week Once a Week Others None

Alapang 205 35 124 481 33

Alno 2 15 - 428 - 43

Ambiong 82 32 1,085 124 - 52

Bahong 57 114 157 513 - 100

Balili 1,862 2,100 693 121 - 15

Beckel 14 6 - 620 - 126

Betag 344 341 451 22 - 3

Bineng 1 3 - - 155 190

Cruz 485 61 118 8 2 4

Lubas 74 218 100 581 21 135

Pico 1,410 179 1,561 131 - 36

Poblacion 1,792 37 9 59 - 41

Puguis 858 65 100 371 3 226

Shilan 6 146 39 450 73 94

Tawang 86 27 9 1,233 - 27

Wangal 11 595 116 7 1 273

Municipal 7,289 3,974 4,562 5,149 255 1,398

% 32% 18% 20% 23% 1% 6%

Source: CBMS 2010


53

Liquid Waste Management Toilet Facilities The Municipal Health Office reports that in 2014, 20,844 households had sanitary toilets and 581 had no sanitary toilets while 46 households have no toilets. In 2015, there are 22,325 households with Sanitary toilets, indicating almost 100% of the total households of La Trinidad have access to sanitary toilet. Table 89: Toilet Facilities, 2008-2015

Type of Toilet 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

HH w/ Sanitary Toilet 14,767 15,203 15,431 15,674 16,906 18,936 20,844 22,325

HH w/o Sanitary Toilet 656 450 440 197 1,130 1,118 581 -

HH w/o Toilet 741 600 320 77 75 67 46 -

HH Sharing Toilet No data 492 1149 2800 2,169 - - -

Source: MHO

However, actual CBMS survey results in year 2010 show that 21,184 households or 93% of all households had sanitary (water-sealed to septic tanks) toilets. And 174 or 3.76% of all households have unsanitary toilets (closed or open pit), and 34 households had no toilet at all.

Table 90: Toilet Facilities by Barangay, 2010

Type of Toilet /

Barangay

Water-sealed Flush to

Septic Tank- own

Water-sealed Flush to

Septic Tank- shared

Close Pit

Open Pit

No

Toilet

Others

Not Stated

Alapang 730 100 30 18 0 0 0

Alno 285 47 83 69 4 0 0

Ambiong 1,074 149 72 78 0 2 0

Bahong 712 152 43 31 3 0 0

Balili 2356 2416 7 6 0 0 6

Beckel 526 108 87 42 3 0 0

Betag 606 548 7 0 0 0 0

Bineng 200 74 71 4 0 0 0

Cruz 576 90 7 4 0 0 1

Lubas 712 356 38 20 3 0 0

Pico 2,222 994 54 41 6 0 0

Poblacion 1,340 575 14 2 6 0 1

Puguis 1,245 236 49 91 0 2 0

Shilan 463 170 78 90 2 5 0

Tawang 1,161 132 57 30 1 1 0

Wangal 715 114 153 17 4 0 0

Municipal 14,923 6,261 850 543 32 10 8

% 65.95% 27.67% 3.76% 2.40% 0.14% 0.04% 0.04%

Sanitary Toilet

21,184

93.62%

Unsanitary Toilet

174

No Toilet 32

Source: CBMS 2010

Sewerage Facilities

There is no sewerage system in the municipality. Most often than not, most households release wastewaters from their household into canals. Much worse are the reports of the alleged households that release septic wastes into the waterways.


54

At the strawberry fields of Betag, the La Trinidad Water District put in place a mini - sewerage facility that will process the waters from the households of Betag before it is released for irrigation. This is being managed by the strawberry farmers themselves in cooperation with the water district. VI. HOUSING House Ownership

In year 2000, about 65% of the populace or 8,597 owned a house and 22% rented a place to stay. In 2010, majority of all households owned a house at 56%. More households now rented a house or room at 32% and 11% had rent-free houses. Table 91: Tenurial Status, 2000 & 2010

Year 2000, NS0 2010, CBMS Year 2010, NSO

Tenurial Status # % # % Tenurial Status # %

Own house 8,597 65% 12,972 57% Owned/being amortized 14,366 56

Rent house/room 2,851 22% 7,183 32% Rented 8,401 32

Rent-free house 1,318 10% 2,340 10% Rent-free with consent of owner 2,768 11

Other tenure status 442 3% 130 1% Rent-free without consent of owner 231 1

Total 13,208 22,625 Total 25,766 Source: NSO, CBMS

Floor Area by Occupied Housing Units Majority to all housing units, at 68% of all housing units, had a floor area of less than 69 sq. m. in year 2000. In 2010, 20% had a floor area of less than 49 m2 which had an equal percentage rate with that of less than 19 m2 floor area. Table 92: Floor Area by Housing Units, 2000 & 2010

Dwelling Units by Type Single detached houses are still the preferred type of homes for most of the homeowners at 15,038 in year 2010. This is followed by those in multi-unit residential homes such as apartments or boarding houses at 8,538 units.

Table 93: Comparative Type of Housing Structure, 1990, 2000 & 2010

Type of Structure 1990 2000 2010

1. Single 6,859 9,460 15,038

Source: NSO-Benguet, 2000, 2010


55

2. Duplex 424 1,562 2,204

3. Multi-Unit Residential 2,038 2,286 8,538

4. Commercial/ Agricultural /Industrial 77 127 179

5. Institutional Living Quarters 2 2 12

6. Not Reported 93 3

Total 9,411 13,528 25,974

Source: 1990, 2000, 2010 NSO Census

Construction Materials of Housing Units In 2007, most occupied housing units are made of sturdy construction materials. About 60% have either concrete/brick/stone walls and 20.77% have galvanized iron/aluminium for roofing materials. Those houses made out of Sawali/Bamboo/Nipa materials are minimal at 0.08%. Table 94: Occupied Housing Units by Construction materials of the Roof & Outer Walls, 2007

Source: NSO 2007 In 2010, 63% or 16,355 of the total housing units were made up of concrete/brick/stone, 19% were made up of Galvanized Iron/Aluminum, and 16% were made up of half concrete and half wood. 2% of the total housing units were made up of wood while .39% were of other kinds of construction materials. Table 95: Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls and Roof, 2010

Galvanized

Iron/Aluminum

Tile Concrete/Clay

Tile

Half Galvanized Iron

& Half Concrete

TOTAL 22,758 100% 20,210 (88.80%) 2,315 (10.17%) 90 (0.40%)

Concrete / Brick / Stone 13,625 60% 11,280 2,219 58

Wood 385 2% 347 11 -

Half Concrete, Half Wood 3,435 15% 3,335 70 25

Galvanized Iron/ Alum 4,727 21% 4,699 13 6

Bamboo/Sawali/Nipa 19 0% 13 - -

Glass 1 0% 1 - -

Makeshift Materials 28 0% 22 - -

Others / Not Reported 538 2% 513 2 1

Construction Materials of

the Outer Walls

Total Occuppied

Housing Units%

Construction Materials of the Roof


56

Source: NSO 2010 In 2010, 87% had strong materials for both roof and walls. Those with makeshift or salvaged materials increased to 1% of all households. Table 96: Occupied Housing Unit by Construction Materials, 2010

Construction Materials Roofing Materials Wall Materials

# of Households # of HH % # of HH %

Strong Materials 19,721 87% 19,785 87%

Light Materials 228 1% 251 1%

Salvaged/ Makeshift Materials 297 1% 189 1%

Mixed but Predominantly Strong 1924 9% 1991 9%

Mixed but Predominantly Light 302 1% 267 1%

Mixed but Predominantly Salvage 139 1% 128 1%

Not Stated 16 0% 16 0%

Total 22,627 100% 22,627 100% Source: CBMS 2010 Mode of Acquisition of Housing Unit In year 2000, most homeowners prefer to construct their own at 72% rather than purchasing one (12%). Others, at 6% report having inheriting the home from relatives.

Table 97 Mode of Acquisition of Housing Unit, 2000

Mode of Acquisition No. %

Purchased 1065 12.07

Constructed 6399 72.52

Inherited 536 6.07

Others 11 0.12

Not Reported 813 9.21 Source: Census 2000, NSO

Household Conveniences In year 2000, all households generally had at least in one household appliance. The top five household appliances include a radio, television, a refrigerator, a video cassette and a washing machine. In 2010, the top five appliances were LPG Gas stove/ range, mobile phone, television, radio, and a CD/VCD/DVD.

Galvanized

Iron/Aluminum

Tile

Concrete/Clay

Tile

Half Galvanized

Iron & Half

Concrete

Wood

TOTAL 25,974 100% 21,485 (83%) 2,861 (11%) 1,277 (4.92%) 42 (0.16%)

Concrete / Brick / Stone 16,355 63% 12,854 2,755 467.00 22.00

Wood 474 2% 438 10 5 18

Half Concrete, Half

Wood 4,186 16% 3,362 78 733 2

Galvanized Iron/

Aluminum 4,858 19% 4,766 18 72 -

Bamboo/Sawali/Nipa 43 0% 29 - - -

Asbestos 4 0% 4 - - -

Glass 1 0% 1 - - -

Makeshift Materials 41 0% 25 - - -

Others 6 0% 4 - - -

No Walls 0 0% - - - -

Not Reported 6 0% 2 - - -

Construction Materials

of the Outer Walls

Total

Occuppied

Housing Units

%

Construction Materials of the Roof


57

Table 98: Household Conveniences, 2000

HH Conveniences Number of HH

At least 1 HH convenience 12,536

Radio/Cassette 12,263

TV 9,365

Ref/Freezer 6,196

Video Cassette 3,507

Washing machine 3,095

Tel/ Cell phone 2,725

Motorized Vehicle 1,822 Source: 2000 Census

Table 99: Household Conveniences, 2010

HH Conveniences # of HH

Radio/Radio Cassette 17,064

Television 18,762

CD/VCD/DVD 15,395

Stereo/Component 4,064

Karaoke 1,832

Refrigerator/Freezer 10,538

Electric Fan 3,173

Electric Iron 10,776

LPG Gas Stove/Range 20,710

Washing Machine 10,082

Microwave Oven 3,281

Personal Computer 6,449

Mobile Phone/Cellular Phone 19,679

LandlineTelephone 1,492

Air-conditioner 373

Sewing Machine 1,218

Car, Jeep, Motorcycle and Other Motorized Vehicles 4,176 Source: CBMS 2010

Electricity In year 2000, at least 89% of households used electricity for lighting, about 4.6% used Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and 3.9% used kerosene.

Table 100: Fuel used for Lighting, 2000

F u e l U s e d f o r L i g h t i n g

Total Kerosene Liquified HH Electricity (Gas) Petroleum Oil Others Gas (LPG)

13,658 12,193 539 628 11 287

Percent 89.27% 3.95% 4.60% 0.08% 2.10% Source: 2000 Census

In year 2010, 97% of all households had electrical connections, where the average monthly electric bill was P 632.59. The remaining 3% had no electricity, equal to 746 households. The following table shows its distribution among the barangays.

Table 101: Households with Electrical Connections, 2010

# of HHs Electrical Connections Not Total

Barangay With Without Stated


58

Alapang 844 33 1 878

Alno 415 73 - 488

Ambiong 1,328 47 - 1,375

Bahong 908 33 - 941

Balili 4,777 14 - 4,791

Beckel 723 43 - 766

Betag 1,157 3 1 1,161

Bineng 299 50 - 349

Cruz 673 5 - 678

Lubas 1,115 14 - 1,129

Pico 3,181 136 - 3,317

Poblacion 1,905 33 - 1,938

Puguis 1,565 58 - 1,623

Shilan 720 84 4 808

Tawang 1,352 30 - 1,382

Wangal 913 90 - 1,003

Total 21,875 746 6 2,627

% 97% 3% 0% 100%

Source: CBMS 2010

Cooking Convenience

In terms of fuel used for cooking, 88% used LPG, 3.7% used electricity, 2.8% used kerosene, and 2.25% used firewood.

Table 102: Kind of Fuel Used for Cooking, 2000

Kind Of Fuel Used For Cooking

Total Kerosene Liquified

HH Electricity (Gaas) Petroleum Gas Charcoal Wood Others None

13,658 514 392 12,119 20 307 9 297

Percent 3.76% 2.87% 88.73% 0.15% 2.25% 0.07% 2.17% Source: Census 2000, NSO

Total Number of Applications Approved for Housing Subdivisions A total of 45 housing subdivisions have been approved since 2001. In 2010, 2 housing subdivisions applied for revision/alteration in their subdivision plans. Table 103: Housing Subdivisions Approved 2001-2015

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010-2015

Total

Approved Housing Subdivisions

7

8

7

7

6

3

2

1

4

1

46

Source: Zoning Section, Municipal Planning & Development Office Approved Buildings for Construction In terms of building construction, the trend has been steadily increasing over the years. In 2015, 374 building permits were issued by the Municipal Engineering Office. Out of this number, 264 were residential, 57 were commercial, and 53 permits for other uses. Table 104: Building Permits Issued, 2006-2015


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Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Residential 244 170 227 218 218 251 293 249 186 264

Commercial 45 43 59 71 77 99 75 79 70 57

Institutional 5 2 10 7 5 5 2 ND 1 -

Others 19 7 10 16 17 14 14 121 6 53

Total 313 222 306 312 317 369 384 449 263 374

Source: Municipal Engineering Office

Land Ownership With regards to land ownership, at least 35% owned one lot in year 2000. In 2007, almost 50% owned or are currently amortizing their lot, while 40% are renting.

Table 105: Land Ownership, 2000

Total HH

Total HH with at

least One Land

Owned

Other Residential

Land

Agricultural Land

Agricultural Land Acquired Through CARP,

Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries

Other Land

13658 4,704 2,572 2,801 472 436

Percent 34.44 18.83 20.51 3.46 3.19 Source: NSO, Census 2000

Table 106: Tenure Status of Lot, 2010

Source: NSO Census 2010

Source: Census 2010, NSO

VII. SOCIAL WELFARE

Facilities

Tenure Status of Lot 2010 %

Owned/being amortized 14,366 56%

Rented 8,401 33%

Rent-free with consent of owner 2,768 11%

Rent-free without consent of owner 231 1%

TOTAL 25,766 100%

Owned/being amortized, 14,366 , 56%

Rented, 8,401 , 32%

Rent-free with consent

of owner, 2,768 , 11%

Rent-free without

consent of owner, 231 ,

1%


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There are at least three facilities that offer social welfare services. Table 107: Social Welfare Facilities

Facility Clientele Services

La Trinidad Rehabilitation Center For Special Children, (Old BeGH Bldg)

Children with Disabilities

Day Care ; Physical Therapy Occupational Therapy

Reception Study Center for Children, Wangal

Orphans Home Care Adoption Foster Care

Family, Women, and Children Center Family, Women, Children

Training for Women, Parents, Youth Alternative Learning Center for OSY

Source: MSWDO

A total of 57 Day Care Centers are located all over the municipality catering to the early education needs of children 3 to 5 years old. Although established to watch over the children especially for working mothers, it has also instructional functions, providing pre-school services to the children. For a number of children with disabilities, the La Trinidad Rehabilitation Center for Special Children (LTRCSC) offers therapeutic management. Table 108: Day Care Centers by Location

Source: Municipal Social Welfare & Development Office (MSWDO) P = Permanent, R= Renting, C=Church

Clientele Served

There is a prevalence of School Delinquency, Out-of-School youth, Elderly and people needing financial assistance for health or livelihood purposes. As such the local Social Welfare Office provides an

Location & # of DCC

Day Care Centers

Alapang (3) Alapang DCC (P) Samoyao DCC (P) Camp Dangwa DCC (P)

Alno (2) Alno DCC (P) Conig DCC (P)

Ambiong (3) Central Ambiong DCC (P) Parapad DCC (P) Gulon DCC (P) `

Bahong (3) Bahong DCC (P) Bahong Christian Community DCC (C)

Sadag DCC (P)

Balili (7) Balili DCC (R) Tabangaoen DCC (P) Pines Park DCC (R)

Balili Extension DCC (R) Mamaga DCC (R) Botiwtiw DCC (P)

Upper Balili DCC (R)

Beckel (3) Beckel DCC –(P) Balangbang DCC -(P) Lamut DCC -(P)

Betag (2) Betag DCC-(P) Betag DCC Extension -(P)

Bineng (2) Bineng DCC-(P) Bodiweng DCC - (P)

Cruz (1) Cruz DCC-(P)

Lubas (2) Lubas DCC-(P) Guitley DCC-(P)

Poblacion (3) Buyagan DCC-(P) Buyagan DCC Extension Kesbeng DCC - (R)

Pico (6) Bayabas DCC -(P) POCNA DCC - (C)

Upper Cogcoga DCC- (P) Shamolog DCC- (P) Lower Cogcoga- (P) Toyong DCC - (R)

Puguis (5) Lamtang DCC-(P) Puguis Extension DCC-(P)

Puguis Proper DCC- (P) Longlong DCC-(P) House of Prayer DCC- (C)

Shilan (6) Balukas DCC(P) Sagpawe DCC -(P) Pagal DCC-(P)

Besil-Cavanao DCC(P) Shontog DCC-(P)

Jappa DCC-(R)

Tawang (4) Central Tawang DCC-(P) Lower Banig DCC-(R)

Upper Banig DCC-(P) Boted DCC- (C)

Wangal (5) Gayasi DCC-(P) Talinguroy DCC -(P) Upper Wangal DCC-(P)

Lower Wangal DCC-(P) BTS DCC -(P)


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assortment of services: counselling, casework, and technical assistance to the target clientele. Other services required by the needy are coordinated with partner public and private agencies. A total of 11,009 clients were assisted by the Municipal Social Welfare Office in 2015.

Table 109: Number of Clientele served by Type, 2008-2015

Type of Clientele 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Families 2,642 8,098 5913 5,437 5458 6497 6,257 2,657

Children 4,757 6,044 2304 1,902 7334 2619 2,035 2,117

Youth 330 5,475 1871 450 480 181 650 232

Persons w/ Disabilities 96 197 263 570 1293 1065 278 335

Elderly 1,427 1,114 5185 2,290 5417 7179 1,287 5,284

Women 300 2,690 356 616 254 391 457 434

Persons in Distress 1,868 4,924 9580 2,591 8307 6030 311 -

Solo Parent ND 102 123 101 420 169 130 182

Total 11,420 28,644 24,875 13,957 28,963 24,131 11,405 11,009 Source: MSWDO

Persons with Disability

In 2010, there were a total of 992 persons with disability, representing 1% of the whole population. Of the 992, 79% were males and 21% were females. Their distribution is listed as follows. Table 110: Type of Disability By Sex, 2010

Type of Disability by Sex M % F % Total %

Total Blindness 26 81% 6 19% 32 3%

Partial Blindness 47 76% 15 24% 62 6%

Low Vision 31 86% 5 14% 36 4%

Totally Deaf 22 79% 6 21% 28 3%

Partially Deaf 25 76% 8 24% 33 3%

Hard of Hearing 26 70% 11 30% 37 4%

Oral Defect 29 78% 8 22% 37 4%

One Hand 12 80% 3 20% 15 2%

No Hands 2 100% 0 0% 2 0%

One Leg 24 80% 6 20% 30 3%

No Legs 5 100% 0 0% 5 1%

Mild Cerebral Palsy 46 79% 12 21% 58 6%

Severe Cerebral Palsy 25 78% 7 22% 32 3%

Regularly Intellectually Impaired 37 77% 11 23% 48 5%

Severely Intellectually Impaired 20 80% 5 20% 25 3%

Regularly Impaired by Mental Illness 36 73% 13 27% 49 5%

Severely Impaired by Mental Illness 33 83% 7 18% 40 4%

Regularly Multiple Impaired 22 96% 1 4% 23 2%

Severely Multiple Impaired 10 67% 5 33% 15 2%

Others 303 79% 82 21% 385 39%

Total 781 79% 211 21% 992 100%

Source: CBMS 2010

About 44% of those with disability were due to illness, 36% were in-born, and 13% were due to accidents.


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Table 111: Causes of Disability by Sex, 2010

Cause of Disability M % F % Total %

In-born 281 80% 72 20% 353 36%

Illness 345 79% 91 21% 436 44%

Accident 103 80% 26 20% 129 13%

Others 54 73% 20 27% 74 7%

Total 783 79% 209 21% 992 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Out of the 992 persons with disability, 216 are able to receive various kinds of assistance. At least 40% are able to receive medical assistance, 29% receive financial assistance, and 26% receive other kinds of assistance. At least 54% of the assistance came from government, 18% from non-government organizations, and 28% from other private benefactors.

Table 112: Type of Assistance Received by Sex, 2010

Type of Assistance M % F % Total %

Financial Assistance 54 87% 8 13% 62 29%

Medical Assistance 66 76% 21 24% 87 40%

Educational Assistance 5 100% 0 0% 5 2%

Livelihood Assistance 1 100% 0 0% 1 0%

Discount on Medicine 2 40% 3 60% 5 2%

Others 42 75% 14 25% 56 26%

Total 170 79% 46 21% 216 Source: CBMS 2010

Table 113: Sources of Assistance Received by

Persons with Disabilities, 2010

Source of Assistance # %

Government 116 54%

Non-Government 39 18%

Others 61 28%

Total 216 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Solo Parents There were a total of 1,585 solo parents in 2010, of which, 37% were widows/widowers, 24% were unmarried parents, and 17% were abandoned by their spouses. Of the solo parents, about one third or 37% comprised of males, and two thirds, or 63% were females. Table 114: Type of Solo Parent by Sex, 2010

Type of Solo Parent M % F % Total %

Death of Spouse 161 27% 432 73% 593 37%

Imprisonment of Spouse 6 30% 14 70% 20 1%

Mental & Physical Incapacity of Spouse 4 29% 10 71% 14 1%

Legal/De Facto Separation from Spouse 58 38% 95 62% 153 10%

Annulment of Marriage 5 23% 17 77% 22 1%

Abandonment of Spouse for At least One Year 103 39% 164 61% 267 17%

Unmarried Mother/Father 188 49% 193 51% 381 24%

Legal Foster Parent/ Guardian 1 20% 4 80% 5 0%

Assumed the Responsibility as the Hh head 23 43% 30 57% 53 3%


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Other Reason 34 44% 43 56% 77 5%

Total 583 37% 1002 63% 1585 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Senior Citizens There was a total of 3,375 senior citizens in 2010. Out of this number, 66% are members of the Senior Citizens Association, of which they were issued identification cards. Out of the 66% only 29% are able to use their identification cards in the availing of discounts in medicines and other services. Table 115: Senior Citizens with ID Card by Sex, 2010

Senior Citizens M % F % Total %

Member, With ID Card 1356 61% 874 39% 2230 66%

Members who are Able To Use ID 413 30% 242 28% 655 29%

Non-Member, w/o ID Card 807 70% 338 30% 1145 34%

Total 2163 1212 3375 Source: CBMS 2010

VIII. PUBLIC SAFETY Peace and Order There was an increase in the total crime incidence, from 2,132 reported crimes in 2013 to 2,580 in 2015. Thus, the average monthly crime rate is up to 182.57%, with a crime solution efficiency rate of 53.68%. Considering the urban nature of the municipality, more efforts should be made to reduce the incidence of crime, in partnership with the community.

Table 116: Crime Incidence, 2013-2015

Indices/ Year

2013 2014 2015

M F M F unidentified M F Unidentified

Index Crimes: 1136 1136 906 132 496 432 35 243

Non- Index Crimes: 1135 1135 815 207 94 1044 69 225

Total No. of Offenders 2271 2271 1721 339 590 1473 104 468

Total Crime Incidents 2,132 2,252 2,580

Ave. Monthly Crime Rate: /c156.65 165.47 182.57

Crime Solution Efficiency 34.85 32.24 53.68

Crime Clearance Efficiency 54.50 60.44 59.57

# Community Precincts 2 2 2

Com. Police Assistance Cen. 5 5 5

Source: La Trinidad Police Station, * Includes all reported crimes, /c: corrected based on new data

Fire Safety The fire department reports that through the years, there are more structural fires than any other type. Fortunately, there was only a single recorded structural fire in 2015. Forest fires decreased to only 7 during the past year. But year 2010 shows the highest number of fires in the past years. Intermittent brush fires occur during the dry season. Due to inaccessibility, these fires are abated by barangay fire brigades and private individuals. Forest rangers have also been stationed in the communal forests, who report forest fires. A total of 11 fire incidents were recorded, where 7 were forest fires, 1 structural, and 3 vehicular. Fire Damages in 2015 reached to P 3.08 million pesos.


64

Table 117: Fire Incidence, 2007-2015

Source: Bureau of Fire Protection- La Trinidad

Table 118 : Comparative Causes of Fire for the last 6 years

Barangay Origin / Cause

Frequency of Occurrence

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Alapang Accidental 8 1 3 4 6 -

Alno Accidental 1 1 1 1

Ambiong Accidental 1 3 3 8 -

Bahong Accidental 1 0 2

Balili Accidental 4 2 5 5

Beckel Accidental 2 3 1 1

Betag Accidental 1 1 2 -

Bineng Accidental 2 0 -

Cruz Accidental 2 1 1 1 -

Lubas Accidental 2 1 0 1

Pico Accidental 7 4 3 6 3 4

Poblacion Accidental 1 1 3 4 1

Puguis Accidental 5 6 3 5 1 2

Shilan Accidental 3 1 1 0 -

Tawang Accidental 1 3 1 2 2

Wangal Accidental 3 2 3 2 1

Total 40 15 27 28 35 20

Source: LTFS Jail Management Facility : Municipal Jail w/ visitation area, Kesbeng, Poblacion There were 138 inmates in the Municipal Jail in year 2015. Out of this, four (4) were sentenced, 59 were detained, and 40 were eventually released. Report showed that offenders were 103 males and 35 females. Table 119: Total Inmate Population, 2009-2015

Inmate Status/Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

M F M F M F

Sentenced Inmates 3 20 0 1 0 0 1 0 4

Detained Inmates 41 75 45 6 6 0 46 0 59 25

Released Inmates 46 22 44 59 90 0 44 0 40 10

Total 80 95 89 66 96 0 91 0 103 35 Source: Bureau of Jail Management Penology- La Trinidad

Disasters and Calamity

Fire Incidence/ Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Structural Fire 3 7 14 11 12 15 8 12 1

Forest Fire 22 3 6 29 3 9 17 21 7

Vehicular 1 2 3 1 1 2 4 2 3

Industrial - - - - - - - - -

Augmentation - 7 2 2 4 3 5 2 1

Fire Damages (PM) 5 0.4 3.2 0.5 3.3 2.4 0.64 1.4 3.08

Persons Injured 12 - 2 - - 2 - - -

Casualties - 1 - - - 1 - - -


65

In terms of calamities, the average number of disasters that hit the municipality is 2-3 strong typhoons annually. Floods in the valley and the riverbank are a recurrent event which causes danger to the public. In 2010, survey shows that 27% of all households were victims of calamities. Majority, at 78% were victims of strong typhoons and 18% were victims of flood.

Table 120: Victims of Disasters by Households,2010

Victims of Calamity # of hh %

Typhoon 4,786 78%

Flood 1,140 18%

Drought 76 1%

Earthquake 86 1%

Volcanic Eruption 0 0%

Armed Conflict 0 0%

Fire 13 0%

Others 72 1%

Total 6,173 27% of all hh

Source: CBMS 2010 IX. ECONOMY Income

In 2010, majority of households, at 60% of all households’ source of income were salaries and wages. While 47% were engaged in entrepreneurial activities. Some 56% had other sources of income other than their main source. It is deemed that many households do not rely on a single source of income. Moreover, for those engaged in entrepreneurial activities, 16% were engaged in farming, livestock and poultry. Another 16% were into wholesale and retail activities, and 5% were engaged in transportation, storage and communication services. As additional sources of income, 14% of households received remittances from abroad, another 14% had receipts from domestic sources, and 6% made income from rentals. Table 121: Sources of Income by Households, 2010

Sources of Income # of % to Annual Income

HH total HH Minimum Average Maximum

Entrepreneurial Activity

Crop Farming and Gardening 3200 14% 1,663 77,012 672,700

Livestock And Poultry Raising 379 2% 3,653 34,953 226,006

Fishing Activities 8 0% 10,740 11,049 11,358

Forestry And Hunting Activities 32 0% 32,960 62,591 91,008

Wholesale And Retail Trade Activities 3614 16% 1,736 89,709

Manufacturing Activities 336 1% 9,702 95,540 540,738

Community, Social and Personal 483 2% 13,825 120,031 601,313

Transportation, Storage, and Communication Service

1225 5% 7,655 130,179 1,004,369

Mining And Quarrying Activities 235 1% 20,225 81,567 253,728

Construction 519 2% 13,313 109,466 820,250

Other Activities 524 2% 9,625 93,238 398,188

Sub-Total 10555 47%

Salaries And Wages 13643 60% 3,499 169,894 12,073,551

Other Sources of HH Income

Net Share From Crops, Livestock And Poultry raised by Other HHs

915 4% 5,268 36,123 313,538


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Remittance From OFW 3267 14% 1,835 122,342 3,593,438

Receipts From Abroad 1100 5% 948 168,305 14,392,844

Receipts From Domestic Sources 3063 14% 805 34,385 306,563

Rentals Received 1306 6% 2,825 76,086 894,875

Interest Earned 480 2% 4,827 34,896 257,313

Pension And Retirement Received 1024 5% 2,313 94,978 889,882

Dividends From Investment 431 2% 8,445 31,435 583,995

Other Sources 1181 5% 1,250 76,434 1,328,100

Sub-Total 12767 56%

Source: CBMS 2010

Annual Poverty Threshold The annual per capita poverty threshold is the minimum annual income required to be spent by each member of a family to satisfy their nutritional requirements and other basic needs. In 2012, for the entire Philippines, this is estimated at Php 18,935. In the Cordillera Region, it was slightly higher at Php 19,483 and accordingly, is one of the highest per capital Poverty Threshold in the country. For the province of Benguet, it was at Php 19,140. In 2015, the incidence of poverty for the Philippines was lower at 20.60% in comparison to that of 2014 which is at high 25.80%. In 2013, Cordillera has a lower rate of poverty incidence among families with 16.10%. In comparison to other provinces, Benguet province ranked the 2nd richest province in the entire country with a low 4.3 % incidence of poverty in 2012 which has slightly increased by .10% in 2013.

Table 122: Comparative Income in the Cordilleras and Benguet, 2006-2009, 2012-2015

Area Poverty Incidence Among Families (%)

2006 2009 2012 2013 2014 2015

Philippines 21.1 20.9 19.7 20.0 25.80 20.601

Cordillera 18.6 17.1 17.5 16.1 ND ND

Benguet 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.4 ND ND Source: http://www.nscb.gov.ph/pressreleases/2015/PSA-20150306-SS2-01_poverty.aspAccessed on June 19, 2015 1First quarter of the year

Recent survey results from the Community Based Monitoring System in 2010 shows that in La Trinidad, 2,230 households are with incomes below the poverty threshold, affecting a total of 11,417 household members. There are 1,241 households with incomes below the food threshold ( P11,249), affecting 6,447 household members. Worst, there are 290 households who experienced food shortage, affecting 1,202 household members.

Table 123: Households living in Poverty, 2010

Households HH M F Total

With income below poverty threshold 2230 5763 5654 11417

With income below food threshold 1241 3269 3178 6447

Experienced food shortage 290 638 579 1202

Source: CBMS 2010

Average Annual Family Income The average annual family income is the total average family income, which includes: the primary income, receipts from other sources received by all family members during the year, as participants in any economic activity, or as recipients of transfers, pensions, grants, and the like. For the cordilleras, the average annual income was at Php 192,000 in 2006. On the other hand, the average annual family expenditure, was Php 151,000. This is the level of average expenditures of a family during the year. For 2009, the average Family income increased to Php 219,000 and the average family expenditures is Php 174,000.


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For the province of Benguet, the average annual family income is 139,918 (year 2000) while the average annual family expenditure is P 117,354. Table 124: Comparative Family Income and Expenditures in CAR & Benguet, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012

Family Income and Expenditure

CAR BENGUET

2003 2006 2009 2012 2009

Average Annual Family Income P152,000 P192,000 219,000 257,000 P303,525

Average Annual Family Expenditures P126,000 P151,000 174,000 188,000 P235,220

Source: NSCB Website, June 10, 2015 Recent survey results from the Community Based Monitoring System in 2010 shows that in La Trinidad, the average annual income is Php 226,697.

Labor Force and Employment The labor force participation rate for the region is more or less 65% on the average and 69% for the province of Benguet. In La Trinidad, it was at a low 60%. In addition, the employment rate in the region is an average of 94% between years 2013 to 2015. In the province, it is slightly lower at 92.46% between 2003, 2009, and 2013. In La Trinidad, the employment rate was at 95% in 2010. Table 125: Comparative Labor Force and Employment, Benguet and CAR

Labor Force and Employment CAR

Ave. BENGUET

2013 2014 2015 2003 2009 2013

Labor Force Participation Rate 69.3 66.8 59.40 65 69 69 -

Employment Rate 95.9 94.4 93.00 94 89.3 91 97.10

Unemployment Rate 4.1 5.6 5.10 4.93 10.7 9 2.90

Visible under employment rate - 10.7 29.90 20.3 4.6 4.6 -

Source: NSCB Stat Watch, PSA Table 126: Labor Force , La Trinidad, 2010

Labor Force M F Total %

Potential Labor Force (population 15-64 years old) 29,493 30,175 59,668

Actual Labor Force

Employment Rate

95%

Those who are 15-64 Years Old 20,309 12,835 33,144 93%

Those who are 14 Years Old and Below 42 27 69 0%

Those who are 65 Years Old and Above 422 318 740 2%

Unemployment Rate 812 968 1,780 5%

Labor Force Participation Rate

60% Source: CBMS 2010

Nature of Employment

Of the 33,953 employed, 67% have permanent status, where 39% are males and 28% are

females. Another 28% are employed on short-term, seasonal, or casual basis, where 18% are males and 10% are females. Only 5% work on different jobs on a day to day or week to week basis, wherein 4% are males and 1% are females. Table 127: Nature of Employment by Sex, 2010

Nature of Employment # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Permanent 13,387 9,373 39% 28% 22,760 67%

Short-term, seasonal, casual 6,097 3,298 18% 10% 9,395 28%

Intermittent Different jobs 1,289 506 4% 1% 1,795 5%


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Not Stated 1 2 0% 0% 3 0%

Total 20,774 13,179 61% 39% 33,953 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Local Employment by Type of Industry

The wholesale and retail trade generates most of the employment in the municipality. This is

followed by agriculture, then by transportation.

Table 128: Employment by Type of Industry and Sex, 2010

Employment by Type of Industry M F Total %

Agriculture, Mining, and Forestry 4797 2258 7055 20.78

Mining and Quarrying 659 29 688 2.03

Fishing 59 46 105 0.31

Manufacturing 483 480 963 2.84

Electricity, Gas, and Water Supply 491 108 599 1.76

Construction 2795 88 2883 8.49

Wholesale /Retail and Vehicle Repair 3419 4196 7615 22.43

Hotel and Restaurants 506 558 1064 3.13

Transportation, Storage, and Communication 2966 340 3306 9.74

Financial Intermediation 156 222 378 1.11

Real Estate, Renting, and Business Activities 394 333 727 2.14

Public Administration and Defense 1322 574 1896 5.58

Education 675 1521 2196 6.47

Health and Social Work 246 645 891 2.62

Other Community, Social/Personal Activities 1103 867 1970 5.80

Private HHs with Employed Persons 618 857 1475 4.34

Extra- territorial Organization 84 49 133 0.39

Others 2 7 9 0.03

Total 20,775 13,178 33,953 100 Source: CBMS 2010

Primary Occupation or Business With regards to primary occupation or business, one fourth or 25% were service workers, shop, or market sales workers, with 12% males and 13% females. Another 21% were labourers and unskilled workers, with 16% males and 6% females. Another 16% were farmers, with 11% males and 5% females. Table 129: Primary Occupation by Sex, 2010

Primary Occupation or Business Sex

# % Total

M F M F # % Officials of Gov't and Special-Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors 836 590 2% 2% 1426 4%

Physical, Mathematical & Engineering Science Professionals 1232 1976 4% 6% 3208 9%

Technician and Associate Professionals 848 488 2% 1% 1336 4%

Clerks 297 764 1% 2% 1061 3%

Service Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers 4026 4566 12% 13% 8592 25%

Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen 3764 1713 11% 5% 5477 16%

Trades and Related Workers 2039 838 6% 2% 2877 8%

Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 1993 140 6% 0% 2133 6%

Laborers and Unskilled Workers 5294 1877 16% 6% 7171 21%

Special Occupations 440 220 1% 1% 660 2%


69

Not Stated 5 7 0% 0% 12 0%

Total 20775 13178 61% 39% 33953 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Class of Worker

According to classification of workers, 39% worked for a private establishment, wherein 26% were males and 13% were females in year 2010. About 21% were self-employed without employees, of whom, 12% were males and 10% were females. About 15% worked for a household, wherein 10% were males and 6% were females. And about 12% were government workers. Table 130: Class of Worker by Sex, 2010

Class of Worker # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Work for a household 3277 1898 10% 6% 5175 15%

Work for a private establishment 8728 4407 26% 13% 13135 39%

Work for Gov't or Gov't Corp 2136 1824 6% 5% 3960 12%

Self-employed without employees 3987 3287 12% 10% 7274 21%

Employer in own farm or business 1060 700 3% 2% 1760 5%

Work with pay on own farm/ business 439 247 1% 1% 686 2%

Work without pay on own farm/business 1145 814 3% 2% 1959 6%

Not Stated 2 2 0% 0% 4 0%


Professionals A total of 4,544 professionals are found in the municipality, of whom 35% are teachers, 22% are nurses, and 11% are engineers. In totality, 78% of all the professionals are males, and 22% are females.

Table 131: Type of Professionals by Sex, 2010

Type of Profession # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Agriculturist/ Fisheries Technologists 98 16 2% 0% 114 3%

Architect 19 7 0% 0% 26 1%

Attorney-at-Law 70 8 2% 0% 78 2%

Certified Public Accountant 99 19 2% 0% 118 3%

Chemist 3 1 0% 0% 4 0%

Chief Mate (Marine Deck Officer) 5 3 0% 0% 8 0%

Criminologist 399 47 9% 1% 446 10%

Dentist 38 6 1% 0% 44 1%

Engineer 403 85 9% 2% 488 11%

Forester 41 4 1% 0% 45 1%

Librarian 5 6 0% 0% 11 0%

Medical Doctor/Physician 44 14 1% 0% 58 1%

Medical Laboratory Technician 6 1 0% 0% 7 0%

Medical Technologist 27 7 1% 0% 34 1%

Midwife 53 18 1% 0% 71 2%

Nurse 746 269 16% 6% 1015 22%

Nutritionist Dietitian 13 6 0% 0% 19 0%

Occupational Therapist 3 0 0% 0% 3 0%

Occupational Therapy Technician 2 0 0% 0% 2 0%

Optometrist 8 1 0% 0% 9 0%

Pharmacist 38 10 1% 0% 48 1%


70

Physical Therapist 9 4 0% 0% 13 0%

Professional Teacher 1204 397 26% 9% 1601 35%

Radiologic Technologist 4 1 0% 0% 5 0%

Social Worker 30 13 1% 0% 43 1%

Veterinarian 19 7 0% 0% 26 1%

X-Ray Technician 4 1 0% 0% 5 0%

Others 159 44 3% 1% 203 4%


Overseas Employment

In 2010, about 3,364 were employment overseas. About 16% were in Hong Kong, 13% were in Saudi Arabia, and 9% in Canada. The rest are scattered almost everywhere in the world.

Table 132: Country of Work, 2010

Country of Work # %

Australia 66 2%

Canada 306 9%

China 74 2%

Cyprus 41 1%

Hongkong 544 16%

Israel 91 3%

Italy 82 2%

Japan 221 7%

Korea 143 4%

Kuwait 47 1%

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 21 1%

Macao 29 1%

Malaysia 42 1%

New Zealand 29 1%

Qatar 65 2%

Saudi Arabia 421 13%

Singapore 123 4%

South Africa 13 0%

Spain 29 1%

Switzerland 14 0%

Taiwan 128 4%

Thailand 23 1%

United Arab Emirates 152 5%

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 185 5%

United States of America 217 6%

Other Country 258 8%


Kind of Work Abroad


71

As to type of work abroad, 43% were service workers, shop and market sales workers. About 19% were physical, mathematical, and engineering science professionals and 8% were labourers and unskilled workers. In totality, 68% were males, and 38% were females. Table 133: Type of Work Abroad by Sex, 2010

Type of Work Abroad # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Officials of Gov't and Special-Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors

238 106 7% 3% 344 10%

Physical, Mathematical, and Engineering Science Professionals 386 255 11% 8% 641 19%

Technician and Associate Professionals 58 47 2% 1% 105 3%

Clerks 12 21 0% 1% 33 1%

Service Workers, Shop, and Market Sales Workers 921 520 27% 15% 1441 43%

Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen 76 42 2% 1% 118 4%

Trades and Related Workers 33 38 1% 1% 71 2%

Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 30 80 1% 2% 110 3%

Laborers and Unskilled Workers 183 76 5% 2% 259 8%

Special Occupations 149 78 4% 2% 227 7%

Others 8 7 0% 0% 15 0%


There has been an increasing number of Overseas Workers. In 2011, there were only 936

overseas workers which has increased to a total of 24,801 in 2014.

For 2015, around 5,968 composed of “balik-mangagawa”, “agency hire” and “name hire”

classified as land-based overseas workers were recorded by the Philippine Overseas Workers

Administration (POEA). A total of 48 sea-based overseas workers were also included. This covers Baguio

and Benguet.

Table 134: Comparative Employment by Overseas Workers, 2011-2015

Overseas Workers 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Land-based 921 18,592 20,933 24,801 5,968

Sea-based 15 0 0 - 48

Total 936 18,592 20,933 24,801 6,016

Source: POEA Unemployment and Job Search Method A total of 1780 were unemployed and were looking for work in 2010, of whom 46% were males and 54% were females. In applying for a job, 26% answered private advertisements, 25% approached relatives or friends, and 22% registered in private employment agencies. About 15% approached employers directly and only 9% registered in a public employment agency. Table 135: Job Search Method by Sex, 2010

Job Search Method # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Registered in public employment agency 65 104 4% 6% 169 9%

Registered in private employment agency 175 216 10% 12% 391 22%

Approached employer directly 120 155 7% 9% 275 15%

Approached relatives/friends 231 209 13% 12% 440 25%

Answered private advertisements 209 252 12% 14% 461 26%


72

Others 12 30 1% 2% 42 2%

Not Stated - 2 0% 0% 2 0%


Reasons for not searching or applying for a Job Out of the potential labor force (population at 15 to 64 years old) at 59,675, about 24,723 were not in search of jobs. Almost majority, at 49% of this potential labor force were still in school. About 34% were doing housekeeping chores. But 2% were awaiting results of a previous job application, 2% were waiting for job recall, another 2% were stricken with illness/disability, and yet another 2% believed no work was available. Table 136: Reasons for not applying for a Job by Sex, 2010

Reasons for Not applying for a Job # % Total

Sex M F M F # %

Believes no work is available 284 161 1% 1% 445 2%

Awaiting results of previous job application 391 402 2% 2% 793 3%

Temporary illness/disability 306 200 1% 1% 506 2%

Bad Weather 23 28 0% 0% 51 0%

Waiting for rehire/job recall 252 172 1% 1% 424 2%

Too young/old, retired, permanently disabled 814 767 3%

3% 1581 6%

Housekeeping 589 7706 2% 31% 8295 34%

In School 5431 6645 22% 27% 12076 49%

Other reasons 274 278 1% 1% 552 2%


Commerce & Industry In 2014, there are a total number of 8,566 kinds of businesses registered in the municipality. A big proportion is engaged in the wholesale and retail trade. Financing, real estate and insurance services comes in second followed by Community, Social and Personal Services. A few registered manufacturing small-scale industries are established in the municipality, most of which are auto body-building/repair shops, woodworks and metal/ironworks shops and bakeries. There are a total of 8,375 registered kinds of businesses in 2015. Under the new classifications, the wholesale and retail; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles remained at the top followed by Real Estate Activities with 1,849. Table 137: Comparative Types of Businesses, 2005 - 2012

Type/ Number 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Agriculture, Fishery, Forestry 17 16 20 18 17 11 23 24

Electricity, Gas, Water Sector 51 55 61 25 64 28 89 88

Construction Sector 25 28 40 46 28 8 22 10

Wholesale & Retail Trade 1760 1825 1745 1875 2298 2350 3,749 4,299

Trans’n, Storage & Comm’n 54 49 46 50 62 50 42 50


73

Financing, Real Estate, Insurance 605 661 624 748 871 1054 1,155 1,411

Commty, Social & Personal Serv. 639 590 561 674 754 788 831 875

Education 27 32 35 35 28 34 35 37

Manufacturing 134 136 98 328 200 191 238 263

Total 3,312 3,392 3,230 3,799 4,323 4,513 6,184 7,057

Source: Licensing Section Accomplishment Reports, 2005-2012

Table 138: Types of Business, 2013-2015

Type 2013 2014 2015

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 13 17 27

Mining and Quarrying /c0 0 0

Manufacturing 137 126 150

Electricity, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply 117 8 39

Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 3 7 8

Construction 84 91 87

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles /c3,908 4,965 4,761

Transportation and Storage 49 76 80

Accommodation and food service activities 352 391 412

Information and Communication 21 329 11

Financial and insurance activities 67 79 89

Real estate activities 1,409 1,722 1,849

Professional, scientific and technical services 59 63 337

Administrative and support service activities 57 72 41

Public administrative and defense; compulsory social security 3 3 0

Education 37 39 52

Human health and social work activities 26 90 124

Arts, entertainment and recreation 161 107 24

Other service activities 568 381 284

Total 7,071 8,566 8,375

Source: Licensing Section Accomplishment Report, 2013-2015 Gross Sales of Businesses Total Gross Sales of Businesses in the Municipality reached to a total of Php 7.335 B in 2015. Other types of businesses had gross sales of Php 3.408 Billion. The retailing sector comes next with 2.125 billion gross sales followed by the wholesale sector at Php 0.85 billion. An increase of not less than 5% is seen in gross sales of businesses in the Municipality for the year 2015.

Table 139: Gross Sales of Business, 2012-2015

Type of Business Gross Sales (in Php B)

2012 2013 2014 2015

Manufacturer .56660 .16072 .6085 .6735

Wholesaler .49252 .52598 .9915 .8558

Retailers 1.47175 1.71408 1.9043 2.125

Contractors .06969 1.06431 .0852 .1058

Financial Institutions

.03793 .71254 .1789 .1653

Others 2.73232 3.12543 3.1862 3.408

Total Php 5.37081 B Php 5.70391 B Php 6.954B Php 7.335B Source: Municipal Treasury Office

Banking and Lending Institutions


74

A total of 25 banks are found in La Trinidad, showing the propensity of the people of La Trinidad to save, borrow and invest in business endeavours.

Table 140: List of Banks

Universal/Commercial Banks Location

1 Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI) – LT Branch Senly Loy Bldg. Km. 4, Balili

2 Banco de Oro (BDO) – Unibank, Inc. VC Arcadian Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

3 China Banking Corporation G/F SJV Bulasao Bldg., Km. 4, Pico

4 East West Banking Corporation JC-081 Km.5, Pico

5 Metropolitan Bank and Trust JB-78 MG Bldg. Km. 4, Pico

6 Philippine National Bank BSU Compound, Km. 5, Balili

7 Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation Peliz Loy Bldg. Km.5, Balili

8 Security Bank Corporation JC-84, Betag, La Trinidad, Benguet

9 Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) KM. 5, Betag, La Trinidad

Thrift and Savings Bank

1 Philippine Business Bank, Inc. Km.5, Pico

2 Philippine Savings Bank JB-122 Km. 4, Pico

Rural Banks

1 Banko Bakun, Inc. MB 73-A, Puguis

2 Benguet Center Bank, Inc. – La Trinidad JC 110 Cating Bldg., Pico

3 Card Bank, Inc. FA 273 Jewel igorot Bldg

4 Card Bank, Inc. MB 110 Puguis

5 Card Bank, Inc. Km. 1, Shilan

6 Cooperative Bank of Benguet JC-225 Km. 5, Pico

7 Highland Rural Bank, Inc. A-02 Poblacion

8 Producers Bank JC 358 Lubos Bldg., Km. 5 Pico

9 Rang-ay Bank (A Rural Bank), Inc. FA 146 Pelizloy Centrum, Km. 5, Balili

10 Rural Bank of Buguias, Inc. JC-87 Km. 5, Pico

11 Rural Bank of Itogon, Inc. NPM 1, Km. 5, Pico

12 Summit Bank – Pico Branch Llaneta Bldg., Km. 5 Pico

13 Summit Bank (Rural Bank of Tublay, Inc.) – LTB Tokiko Bldg., Km. 5 Pico

14 Summit Bank – Betag Branch Near First pacific Hardware, Km. 6, Betag Source: CMCI Survey

Lending institutions and other financial intermediaries also abound in the municipality. They help facilitate financial needs of the people.

Table 141: List of Finance Cooperative/Corporation/Institutions

NAME OF BUSINESS LOCATION

1. Baguio-Benguet Community Credit Narda’s Bldg., Km.5 Balili

2. Bridge Auxiliary Finance Corporation 2F D & L Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

3. Buenavista Financing Corporation JB 78 3/F MG Bldg. Km. 4, Balili

4. Gomez, Imelda C. Solis Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

5. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA-130 Puguis

6. Taloy Norte Farmers Multi-Purpose Coop. ID-029 Amos Bldg. Km. 6, Betag

7. Orix Metro Leasing and Finance Corporation 3/F-330 Totanes Bldg., Km. 3, Balili

8. S & F Finance Corporation FA 270 Km. 4, Pico

9. Express Finance Corporation 2/F Nelson Ang Bldg., Km. 4, Pico

10. Towncall Finance and Investment Corp. JB 25, Km. 4 Pico

Source: Licensing Section, Mayor’s Office

Table 142: List of Savings & Loans Assn. with Quasi-Banking Functions


75

1. ASA Philippines Foundation, Inc. ID 60A, Betag, La Trinidad

2. Baguio-Benguet Community Credit Narda’s Bldg., Km. 5, Balili

3. BATJODA Multi-purpose Cooperative DB 89 Mae, Bahong, La Trinidad

4. BBL Lending Services Hillside Square, Km. 4 Pico

5. Benguet Gov’t. Employees Multi-purpose Coop. Capitol Compound, Poblacion

6. Benguet State University Multi-purpose Coop. BSU Coop. Bldg., Km. 5 Balili

7. CAMFIN Lending Incorporated KD 27 Upper Cruz

8. DepEd CAR-RO Employees Multi-purpose Coop. DepEd CAR-RO Compound, Wangal

9. Dhilon Finance Palmaville, Puguis

10. First Ema West Credit Coporation JC 086 Km. 5 Pico, La Trinidad

11. Gomez, Imerald C. Solis Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

12. Highland Vegetable Suppliers Multi-purpose Coop. Gibson Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

13. La Trinidad markets Vendors Multi-purpose Coop. # 86-A 2002 New Public Market, Pico

14. La Trinidad Mun. Employees MPC, Inc. Municipal Bldg., Km. 5 Pico

15. La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post MPC 2/F LTVTP Administrative Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

16. Multi-purpose Cooperative of COA-CAR Employees COA-CAR Compound, Km. 6 Betag

17. Northern Luzon AAA Lending Corporation, Inc. 2/F Ramon Building, Km. 4, Pico

18. PRO-COR Employees Multi-purpose Coop. Camp Bado Dangwa Compound, Alapang

19. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA-130 Puguis

20. Rangtay sa Pag Rang-ay Inc. # 203 Caoili Building, Km. 4, Pico

21. Shilan Multi-Purpose Coop. Km. 12 Shilan

22. Taloy Norte Farmers Multi-purpose Coop. ID-029 Amos Bldg. Km. 6, Betag

23. Tomay Credit Cooperative DA 035 Tomay, Bahong

24. Universal Multi-purpose Coop. JC 109 D & L Bldg., Km. 4 Pico

Source: Licensing Office

Table 143: Pawnshops

Name of Pawnshop Location

1. BHF Baguio Pawnshop FA-242 Senly Loy Bldg., Km. 4

2. C & D Pawnshop Inc. Lubos Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

3. Cebuana Lhullier Pawnshop-La Trinidad Unit 2, Lubos Commercial Complex Km. 5, Pico

4. Cebuana Lhullier Pawnshop Alano Bldg., Km. 5 Pico

5. M. Lhullier Pawnshop & Jewelry/ML Kuarta Narda’s Bldg., Km. 5, Pico

6. Multi-Jewelry Pawnshop Inc. – Branch 1 FA-129 Km. 5 Balili

7. Tambunting Pawnshop FA 206 Tokiko Bldg. Balili

8. Vega Cell Pawnshop Costina Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

Table 144: Money Changers/Foreign Exchange Dealers

Name of Business Location

1. E-Business Services Inc./Western Union JC-102 Pico

2. Genrevelation Foreign Exchange Trading Unit 207 Jewel Igorot Centrum, Km. 4 Balili

3. Tambunting pawnshop FA 206 Tokiko Bldg., Balili

4. Tumapang, Jose H. 2/F Herbcely Bldg., Km. 4 Pico


76

Table 145: List of Money Remittance/Money Transfer

Name of Remittance Center Location

1. AVLET Business Center A-058 Leano Bldg. Poblacion

2. Banco Bakun, Inc. (A Rural Bank) MB-73A Puguis

3. Cebuana Lhuillier Pawnshop Unit 2, Lubos Commercial Complex, Km. 5, Pico

4. Cebuana Lhuiller Pawnshop Alano Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

5. Doris Mae Remittance Center Tiongsan Bldg. Km. 4. Pico

6. E-business Services Inc/Western union Money Transfer

JC 102 Pico, La Trinidad

7. JRS Business Corporation Narda’s Bldg. Km. 5 Balili

8. LBC Express, Inc. FA 206 Tokiko Bldg. Km 5 Pico

9. Luzon Ramcycles, Inc. FA 317 Km. 3 Balili

10. Marjan Remittance Services FA-164 Pineshill Business Center 1, Km. 5 Balili

11. ML Kwarta Padala/M. Lhuillier Pawnshop Narda’s Bldg. Km. 5, Balili

12. Wangdali meat Shop and Gen. Mdsg. IB 01 Betag

Table 146: Microfinance Institutions

Name of Establishment Location

1. Cordillera Community & Family Assistance for Progress, Inc.

Rm. 305 C & A Bldg. Balili

2. Nelfi-Northern Entrepreneurs of Luzon Federation, Inc.

Unit 6 hillside Square Km. 4, Pico

3. Tulay sa pag-unlad Inc. JB-25 Km. 4, Pico

4. Gomez, Imelda C. Solis Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

5. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA 130 Puguis, La Trinidad

Source: Licensing Office

Agriculture There were 3,200 farming households in 2010 among 5,477 farmers, fishermen, and foresters. The total agricultural area is 1,350.8 hectares, wherein 907.55 hectares are irrigated lands and 443.29 are rain fed. While vegetables had remained to be the main agricultural crops, cut flowers and strawberries, plantation crops had gained headway as a better source of income. Table 147: Agricultural Production, 2010-2015

Type of Crop/ Production (mt)

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Palay 210 240 280 140 140 164.5

Root crops 462 357.75 303.75 360 144.50 203.85

Vegetables 22,855.50 18,086.36 23,594.14 23,595.84 3,670,991.58 2,828,943.86

Cutflowers(dozens) 28,810,500 27,785.00 31,485,762.25 29,678,190 3,924,277.34 178,705,545.40

Plantation Crops 32,040 25,752.90 8,951.50 8,256.80 8,526.50 24,668.00

Strawberry(kg) 7318 8,476.30 22,187 21,588 924.00 29,952

Fruit Trees (kg) 2,713,500 2,389.09 25,142.10 2,816.86 16,513 199,787.50

Source: Office of Municipal Agriculturist (OMAG)


77

Tenurial Status

Among these farming households, 68% owned or have an owner-like possession of the farmland, and another 8% do not own the farmland, but farm the land with the consent of the owner, and about 22% pay rent for the use of the farmland.

Table 148: Tenurial Status by Farming Households, 2010

Tenurial Status # of farming hh %

Owned or Owner-like Possession 2,186 68%

Rent 696 22%

Not Owned but with Consent of Owner 270 8%

Not Owned and Without Consent of Owner 9 0%

Other 34 1%

Not Stated 5 0%


Land Area For most of the farmers, at 87%, their farmlands are less than 1 hectare. At least 12% of the farming households have a wider farmland area of 1 to 3 hectares, and only 1% cultivate 3.1 hectares to 5 hectares of farmland.

Table 149: Land Area by Farming Household, 2010

Land Area # of farming hh %

Less Than 1 Hectare 2771 87%

1 - 3 Hectares 382 12%

3.1 - 5 Hectares 20 1%

More Than 5 Hectares 8 0%

Not Specified 19 1%


Agricultural Implements

The most common agricultural tool among farming households is the insecticide sprayer, at 76%. The irrigation pump comes in next at 25%, then the harrow at 21%. Table 150: Ownership of Agricultural Equipment by Farming HH, 2010

Type of Agricultural Equipment/Facilities # % to total farm hh

Beast of Burden 102 3%

Plow 511 16%

Harrow 670 21%

Mower 249 8%

Thresher or Corn Sheller 99 3%

Insecticide or Pesticide Sprayer 2428 76%

Farm Tractor 97 3%

Hand Tractor 156 5%

Turtle or Mudboat 5 0%

Planter or Transplanter or Dryers 17 1%

Mechanical Dryer 27 1%


78

Multipurpose Drying Pavement 41 1%

Rice Mill/Corn Mill/Feed Mill 68 2%

Harvester, Any Crop 57 2%

Warehouse Granary 191 6%

Farmshed 419 13%

Irrigation Pump 787 25%

Other Equipment/Facilities 393 12% Source: CBMS 2010

Livestock- Raising

Livestock and Poultry has remained a backyard enterprise, with swine and poultry a popular favorite among the growers. This is due to the small amount of capitalization, the use of a comparatively smaller space at the backyard, and the climate conditions conducive for animal growth. About 379 households are involved in livestock-raising. Majority, at 54% are involved in hog fattening, 28% in chicken-raising, and 7% in sow-raising.

Table 151: Livestock raised by Households, 2010

Type of Livestock raised # of hh % to total livestock-raising hh

Hog for Fattening 204 54%

Sow 26 7%

Goat 5 1%

Carabao 2 1%

Cow 7 2%

Chicken 108 28%

Chicken for Egg Laying 10 3%

Duck 8 2%

Other Livestock/Poultry 17 4% Source: CBMS 2010

Benguet State University likewise maintains its goat and egg farms for the production of fresh milk and eggs. While the Benguet Provincial Veterinarian’s Office maintains its Artificial Insemination Center, catering to swine, carabao and cattle.

Table 152: Livestock and Poultry, 2015

Livestock/Poultry Type No. of Heads

Product Market Heads Slaughtered

Cattle Backyard 390 Local Market 180

Carabao Backyard 40 Local Market

Horse Paltingan Corral 49

Wangal 28

Backyard 45

Swine Backyard 3,650 Local Market 12,200

Goat Backyard 25 Local Market

Goat Farm (BSU) 15

Poultry Backyard 11,315 Local Market

Egg Farm (BSU) 15,000

Source: OMAG


79

Fishponds There are a few water bodies found in the municipalities with a total aggregate area of 8.23 tons. Some fishponds and clean water bodies have been piloted by the Municipal Agriculture Office in coordination with the Bureau of Fisheries & Aquatic Resources. To date, there are about 35 fisher farmers in the municipality. Total Fish Catch in 2009 was 8.22 tons. This was reduced to 3.5 tons only in 2010 to 2012 and 1.9 tons in 2013. Fish catch for the year 2014 and 2015 remained at 1.8 tons respectively.

Table 153: Comparative Fish Catch 2009-2015

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Catch (tons) 8.22 3.5 3.5 3.5 1.9 1.8 1.8

Source: OMAG Table 154: Fishponds by Location & Area, 2015

Fishery/Fishpond by Location Area (hectares)

BSU Fishponds, Balili 3.00

Backyard Fishponds, Municipal wide -

Communal Bodies: Tebteb Creek, Balili 0.50

Ambiong Pond, Ambiong -

Bineng-Bodiweng Creek, Bineng 3.00

Conet River, Alno 5.00

Ampasit-Gayasi river, Wangal 5.00

Guadayan Creek, Puguis 0.50

Bayabas Creek, Pico 0.50

Reservoirs (Swamp, Bahong, & Alapang) HIRDP 1.00

Total 18.58

Source: OMAG

Postharvest Facilities Trading Post The La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post (LTVTP) is considered the center of economic activities in the municipality. With its establishment in the early 1980’s, purposely to serve as a marketing arm of the vegetable industry of Benguet, it has spurred economic growth in the municipality. Many commercial enterprises have been established as a result of the wholesale trading in the Trading Post. The LTVTP was constructed under funding through the Economic Support Fund. Total cost of the project was P 12.4 M, with a 30% loan component at P 3.7 M and a 70% grant component at P8.7M.

Amenities: Total Area : 1,597.5 sq. m. Bagsakan Area : 1,125 sq. m. Traders’ Area : 40 sq. m/ booth @10 booths Farmers’ Area : 52.5sq. m/ booth@ 17booths Cold Storage : 262 sq. m.

Support facilities : 380 sq. m. for Offices, Canteen, Rest rooms Volume Traded daily : over 300 tons/day

New Benguet Agri-Pinoy Trading Center


80

While the LTVTP has been a boost to the economic activities in La Trinidad more than thirty years ago, it has long been over congested. A P650 M new modern Trading Post and processing plant is now open for use in a four-hectare lot owned by the Benguet State University Compound at the Strawberry Fields of Betag. The Benguet AgriPinoy Trading Center, under the Agri-Pinoy Trading Center program (APTC), serves as an alternative marketing outlet to which vegetable farmers can directly sell their produce at rationalized prices, thereby ensuring reasonable returns to the farmer-producers. The state-of-the-art facility has available support facilities to be utilized by the clients/customers. Amenities: Commercial Area 2-storey Building (687 sq.m.) 1st Floor – Restaurant 2nd Floor – 18 room hotel; 4 single beds, 14 double beds Cold Storage 10 rooms @ 50 sq.m. 280 pallets @ 1 mt capacity/pallet Capacity of 28 tons for each room Warehouses 10 rooms @ 50 sq.m. 320 pallets @ 1 mt capacity/pallet Capacity of 32 tons/room

This facility serves as a conduit in developing a vibrant agricultural marketing system in Benguet. It is being managed by the Department of Agriculture, Provincial and Municipal local governments, Benguet State University, and the Farmers’ Groups. Project funds came from the Department of Agriculture and the Korean International Cooperation Agency.

*Other Post-harvest Facilities Table 155: Other Post harvest Facilities

Type of Facility Location Owner Type of Products

Cold Storage Stockfarm, Wangal Provincial Government Vegetables, strawberries

Bahong Bahong Multi-Purpose Coop. Roses

Swamp, Betag Benguet State University Strawberries

Grain Drying Facility Bineng Bineng Rice Association Rice


81

Tourism Main Tourism Event March 18 – 30 Strawberry Festival


82

Tourism Spots


83

X. INFRASTRUCTURE & UTILITIES Transportation Road Network La Trinidad has a total length of 157.597 kms. Out of these, 39% are barangay roads, 23% are Provincial roads, 22% are National roads, 2% are municipal, and an aggregates of 14% are private roads. About 80% are concrete, 18% gravelly, and 2% asphalt. Table 156: Roads by Administration by type

Roads By System

Classification

Road Surface Type

Right Of

Way (ROW)

Total Length (Km)

% to Total

Concrete Asphalt Gravel

Km % C Km % C Km % C

National 34.439 22 28.34 82% F 3.363 10% 2.736 8%

Provincial 36.328 23 32.679 90% F 3.649 10%

Municipal 3.13 2 3.13 100% F

Barangay Road

62.25 39 40.47 65% F 21.78 35% P

Private 21.45 14 21.45 100%

TOTAL 157.597 100 126.07 80% 3.363 2% 28.165 18%

Source: PEO, DPWH, MPDO

Vehicles & Utilities In 2007, 13,191 vehicles were registered at the Land Transportation Office. The total number of registered vehicles increased by more than twice in 2015 at 27,666 due to the growing urbanization in the area and registration from nearby municipalities. This increase is expected to have an impact on the demand for land for road construction. Already, the heavy volume of traffic along the municipality’s main roads is a main cause of air pollution in the area. Surprisingly, there is now an increasing registration of motorcycles, apparently in a bid to avoid traffic and save on gasoline expenses.


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Table 157: Vehicle Registration, 2007-2015

Vehicle Type 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Private Vehicles

11350 12603 13816 15135 16281 18482 20485 23111 25,716

Vehicles for Hire

1541 1457 1454 1410 1369 1368 1316 1,412 1,457

Government Vehicles

300 338 345 377 445 415 455 526 493

Total 13191 14398 15615 16922 18095 20260 22256 25049 27,666 Source: Land Transportation Office- La Trinidad

Traffic As part of the Extension Program of the Department of Engineering, St. Louis University, a traffic study

was conducted in October 2012. Findings show that, in a day, a total of 7,722 vehicles passed through the main thoroughfare (Baguio-Bontoc highway) from the foot of the capitol going towards Baguio. From Baguio, towards Capitol, a total of 4,287 vehicles passed through the same road. At a maximum, 895 vehicles (or 50% of all vehicles) pass through this road per hour.

Power Total Households Served The Benguet Electric Cooperative (BENECO) serves the electricity needs of the Province and Baguio City. Its main source of power is provided form the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market, and the Sual Power plant in Pangasinan. In the municipality, there has been an increasing number of power connections over the years. Records of the BENECO in 2015 show that there was a total of 25,999 billed connection

From Baguio to La Trinidad

From La Trinidad to Baguio


85

records, most of which are provided for residential use. All barangays are served by BENECO except for a few far flung sitios.

Table 158: Total Electric Consumers, 2009-2015

Type of Consumer/ Total Records

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Residential 18,074 18,570 19,478 20,288 22,845 23,333 22,930

Commercial (small) 1,825 1,857 1,873 1,907 2,491 2,523 2,078

Big Commercial 1 0 - -

Military 29 34 34 29

Public Building 203 206 209 216 279 283 238

Industrial 24 6 4 4 7 7 7

Street Light 16 14 16 19 34 34 16

High Voltage Public 0 - 1 1

TOTAL 20,143 20,653 21,580 22,463 25,690 26,215 25,299 Source: BENECO

The electricity demand for the Municipality of La Trinidad is supplied by the following power sources. Table 159: BENECO Power Sources

Power Source Facilities Installed

Capacity (MW) Contracted

Capacity (MW) TYPE LOCATION

Sual Power Plant(TEAM Energy)

Coal-Fired Thermal

Sual, Pangasinan 1200 55

WESM*** Volatile Source: BENECO

Note: * Beneco has bilateral contract w/ TEAM Energy

** BENECO is billed at load centers as per Electric Power Supply Agreement(EPSA) w/ HEDCOR *** Pursuant to EPIRA all Distribution Utilities like BENECO is required to source at least 10% of its Energy

Requirement from WESM.

Domestic Water

Main Source of Domestic Water Level III domestic water is provided mainly by the La Trinidad Water District (LTWD) whose service area is limited to the more dense areas. Almost all barangays are covered except, Beckel, Shilan, Alno and Bineng. From a total of 10,395 consumers in 2009, this increased to 13,866 in 2014. In 2015, there are a total of 14,229 connections recorded by the LTWD. The LTWD relies mainly on groundwater for its sources, having developed 8 deep wells and 2 springs. Water delivery has also become a secondary source of domestic water especially during the dry season, where 241 cu.m. is delivered per month . During the rainy season, LTWD delivered about 36 cu.m. to different household. Another 42 private water deliveries are also available. Table 160: LTWD Consumption and Meter connections by Type of Consumer, 2009-2015

Consumer 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Residential 10,395 10,949 11,544 11,840 12,290 12,707 13,098 Commercial 1,044 1,058 1,061 1,030 1,045 1,043 589 Government 109 119 128 128 105 116 118 Semi- Coml (A) 198 - 187

Semi- Coml (B) 254 - 237

Total 11,548 12,126 12,733 12,998 13,892 13,866 14,229

Monthly Cons’n (m3) 192,713 194,780 218,515 216,601 196,554.52 231,653 232,684

Source: LTWD


86

Other Sources of Domestic Water

Aside from the LTWD there are other level III sources of domestic water such as in Bahong, Alapang, Tawang, Beckel and Puguis under cooperative arrangements with the user-residents of these areas. Census survey in year 2000 shows that there are a total of 7031 households or 51% are connected to this kind of water system. About 2403 households or 17.59 % have level III water system but share this with other households. There are about 1,985 households that use deep wells either for their own use or shared with other households. While 272 use shallow wells and 162 households use dug wells. There are still a large number of 1,259 that have level 1 water sources, directly from the rain, spring or rivers. Other water sources may include water deliveries. Table 161: Sources of Domestic Water, 2000

Level Type Source of Water Number %

Level III/c

Own use, Water System 7031 51.48

Level III Shared, Water System 2403 17.59

Level III Own use, Piped/Tubed, Deep well 903 6.61

Level III Shared, Piped/Tubed Deep well 1082 7.92

Level III Tubed/Piped Shallow well 272 1.99

Level II/b

Dug Well 162 1.19

Level I/a

Spring, Rain, River, others 1259 9.22

- Peddler 234 1.71

- Others 312 2.28

Source: NSO 2000 /a: From point source like springs and hand pumps, /b: Use of Communal Faucet

/c: Water is piped into homes

For year 2015, the Municipal Health Office reported a total of 21,773 or 97% of all households having access to water through a Level III system. About 3% have access to Level I water sources. Table 162: Comparative Sources of Domestic Water, 2010-2015

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Water Source

# of hh % # of hh % # of hh % # of hh % # of hh % # of hh %

Level I 2510 15 2510 14 420 2.63 420 2.82 590 3 590 3

Level II 250 1 250 1 _ _ 0 - - 0 0

Level III 14352 84 14959 85 15535 97.4 14,472 97.18 20,413 97 21,773 97

Source: MHO (Access to Safe Drinking Water) For 2010, the main source of drinking water is bottled/purified/distilled water (considered by authorities as safe drinking water), with 12,441 households or 54.98% of all households.

Table 163: Main Source of Drinking water, 2010

Main Source of Drinking Water # of hh %

Community Water System 4,606 20.36%

Shared Community Water System 1,588 7.02%

Own Deepwell 226 1.00%

Shared Deepwell 277 1.22%

Own Artesian well 8 0.04%

Shared Artesian well 44 0.19%

Own Shallow well 16 0.07%

Shared Shallow well 97 0.43%

River, Stream, Lake, Spring, other bodies of water 2,937 12.98%

Bottled Water / Purified / Distilled water 12,441 54.98%


87

Tanker/Peddler 292 1.29%

Others 87 0.38%

Not Stated 8 0.04%

Total 22,627 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010

For those households who do not use bottled / purified / distilled water, for 6,499 households or 62% of all households, the source of drinking water is still within the premises of their home. For 19%, their main source of drinking water is outside their premises within 250 meters or less. And for 8%, access to safe water is more difficult.

Table 164: Distance of home to the Main Source of Drinking water, 2010

Distance of the Source of Drinking Water from home # of hh %

Within premises 6499 62%

Outside premises but 250 meters or less 2023 19%

251 meters or more 847 8%

Don’t know 1,049 10%

Total 10,418 100.00% Source: CBMS 2011

Communication Telephone Services The Philippine Long Distance Company operate landline telephone facilities in the municipality covering the urban areas. With mobile phone repeater stations located in the municipality, the use of mobile phones has gained headway. Telegraphic & Postal Services The Bureau of Telecommunications (BUTEL) operates one telegraphic station equipped with telex machines. It shares its office with the Philippine Postal Corporation, the main postal service provider in the municipality. With internet connections, the use of e-mails has now stepped up, diminishing the role of postal services. But there are 3 private couriers that provide quicker deliveries. Television and Publications Two Cable Television operators service the urban area the Sky cable and VIACOM. There are at least 7 local newspapers based in La Trinidad, otherwise all other Baguio- based newspapers provide the populace information regarding local community events.

Table 165: Communication Facilities

Telephone Philippine Long Distance Company Digitel

Mobile Phone Relay Stations Globe Smart Sun cellular

Telegraph Bureau of Telecommunications

Telex None

Postal Philippine Postal Corporation

JRS Business Corp. LBC Express Wide Wide World Express.

Print Media Cordillera Today Perlas ng Pilipinas Global Filipino New


88

Northern Philippine Times Weekly New and Views The Mountain Beat News SunStar Baguio Baguio Chronicle Media, Inc.

Source: Mayor’s Office, Licensing Section

XI. LOCAL GOVERNANCE

Development Concerns Our Vision We envision a La Trinidad that is dynamic, self-sustaining, ecologically balanced and peaceful

where God-loving and healthy people live in an atmosphere of social justice and effective governance.

Our Mission Our mission is to provide for adequate and responsive services to enable our citizens to live in

comfort, security, and prosperity, through maximum utilization of resources, active people’s participation, active partnership with government organization and the private sector and dedicated public services.

Our Goals

Good Governance:

• Honesty, accountability, transparency, and citizen’s participation in government; • Transparent generation and judicious use of public funds; • Highest standard of public service from all public servants; • Institutionalize people’s participation in government programs; • Partner with local and international links for effective, efficient and innovative services; • Using research , monitoring and evaluation in development planning; • Institutionalize gender and development in service delivery;

Social Development:

• Mainstreaming poverty reduction, empowerment of the poor and the vulnerable groups in government programs;

• Just and lasting peace under the rule of law • Effective, efficient and innovative delivery of social services in

• Health, Nutrition, and Sanitation • Quality Education • Social Welfare

Economic Development:

• For La Trinidad to be a Premier Economic Hub in the Cordilleras and to be known as: • One of the Premier Tourist Destinations in the Cordilleras • “The Organic Farming Capital of the Cordilleras”; • Sustaining its title “ Strawberry Capital of the Philippines; • Sustaining its title “Rose Capital of the Philippines”

• Provided with basic infrastructure support facilities for socio-economic activities Environmental Development:

• A community free from pollution within a preserved and enhanced natural environment • where we prevent control and minimize the occurrence of destruction to life and

property • and protect the integrity of the environment within the context of climate change

adaptation and mitigation.


89

Table 166: Poverty Indicators by Barangay, 2010

POVERTY INDICATORS Alapang Alno Ambiong Bahong Balili Beckel Bineng Betag Cruz Lubas Pico Poblacion Puguis Shilan Tawang Wangal Total

HEALTH AND NUTRITION

Children 0-5 years old who died 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 4 6 4 5 0 1 2 28

Women who died due to pregnancy related-causes 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3

Malnourished children 0-5 years old 12 0 0 1 4 4 1 2 4 1 68 4 0 0 0 1 102

HOUSING

Households living in makeshift housing 10 2 95 1 0 1 7 0 5 6 94 27 41 31 20 4 344

Households who are squatters 158 0 5 6 3 4 0 1 0 6 61 6 44 10 0 0 304

WATER AND SANITATION

Households without access to safe water 19 242 0 145 105 355 164 0 1 124 62 22 394 502 105 248 2488

Households without access to sanitary toilet facility 3 25 77 31 3 26 4 0 5 23 45 6 93 90 32 20 483

BASIC EDUCATION

Children 6-12 years old not attending elementary 19 2 23 17 32 7 1 26 14 18 43 49 28 30 5 13 327

Children 13-16 years old not attending high school 21 15 23 36 52 12 6 22 16 48 89 51 91 43 40 25 590

INCOME AND LIVELIHOOD

Households with income below poverty threshold 71 90 140 124 90 117 113 54 102 80 262 150 239 277 186 135 2230

Households with income below food threshold 33 48 74 66 47 50 64 22 66 37 116 66 134 182 99 137 1241

Households experienced food shortage 0 0 2 0 8 0 0 2 0 0 260 3 3 0 12 0 290

Unemployed members of the labor force 90 12 101 13 208 4 8 87 33 65 376 192 198 44 76 11 1518

PEACE AND ORDER

Members who are victims of crime 14 1 4 8 4 10 3 8 1 7 753 15 8 13 24 7 880


90

Budget

Classified as a first class municipality by the Department of Budget and Management, the municipal government had an operating budget of P 246.02 M in 2015, with an Internal Revenue Allotment from the national government of P 156.60 M and from local sources of P 89.42M. Budget for the year 2015 increased to P 271.42M. The LGUs Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) is P 174.65M and P 96.77M from local sources. Increases in the local revenue of the municipality for the past years are due to the efforts to increase tax collection efficiency and the apparent boom in business and commerce. Table 167: Total Budget by Source, 2010-2016

SOURCES/YR. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Local Sources 59.7 63.73 63.72 69.87 80.37 89.42

96.77

Internal Revenue Allotment 95.3 102.5 101 116 136.70 156.60 174.65

Total Budget 155 166.23 164.72 185.87 217.07 246.02 271.42

Source: Municipal Budget Office

Of the total budget in 2016, 39% goes for Personal Services, 40% goes to Maintenance and Operating Services and 8% goes to Capital Outlay. About 5% goes to Disaster Risk Reduction Expense/Statutory obligations/Non-office expenditures and 20% Development Fund. Part and parcel under Personal Services include salaries and wages and other premiums for government personnel. In terms of Maintenance and Other Operating Expenditures, a large chunk goes to programs and projects implemented by each office aside from the regular operating expenses of the office. Non-Office Expenditures include other benefits due to personnel, the Calamity Fund and the 20% Development Fund, where most of the infrastructure projects are funded from. It is noted also that the local government exceeds the mandated 20% allocation of the Internal Revenue Allotment. Table 168: Total Budget by Expense, 2011-2016

Budget by Item ( Php in millions)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

P % P % P % P % P % P %

I. Personal Services 68 41 73 44 80 43 82 38 91 37 108 39

II. Maintenance & Other Operating Expenditures

37 23 56 34 68 37 92 42 103 42 111 40

III. Capital Outlay 11 7 5 3 3 2 4 2 8 3 2.24 8

59.7 63.73 63.72 69.87

80.37 89.42

96.77 95.3 102.5 101

116

136.7

156.6

174.65

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Local Sources Internal Revenue Allotment

Municipal Budget by Source, 2010-2016


91

IV. Non Office Expenditures/ Statutory Obligations /Others/DRRM

28

17

9

5

10

5

11

5

12 5 13.94 5

20% Devt Fund 21 12 24 14 25 13 28 13 32 13 35.58 13

Total Budget 166 100 167 100 186 100 217 100 246 100 271 100

Source: Annual Budgets Revenues & Receipts

Total Income has increased from Php 198 M in 2010 to PhP 312.70 M in 2015. But expenses has also increased from Php 140 M in 2010 to Php 232.40 M in 2015. In terms of net income, Php 58 M was realized in 2010, and this has increased to Php 93 M in 2014. However, in 2015, despite the increase in income, the LGU has incurred more expenses showing a net income of P80.30 M for the year. Comparative analysis revealed a 65-35 income to expenditure ratio. Table 169: Comparative Income and Expenditures, (2010 - 2015)

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Income (Php) in mil.) P % P % P % P % P % P %

General Income Accounts

Permits and Licenses 9 4 9 4 11 5 12 5 15 5 14.7 5

Service Income 12 6 14 7 15 7 16 6 18.5 6 17.9 6

Business Income 31 16 35 16 40 18 45 17 44.9 16 42.8 13.5

Subsidy Income 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5 0.5

Other Income 102 52 111 51 107 47 121 50 145 50 166.9 53

Tax Revenues

Local Taxes 44 22 48 22 53 23 57 22 64 22 68.9 22

Gain/Loss Accounts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total Income 198 0 217 0 226 0 261 0 287.4 0 312.7 0

Less: Expenses

Personal Services 91 65 99 65 106 47 119 46 111 57 112.1 48

MOOE 49 35 54 35 58 26 69 26 83 43 120.3 52

Total Expenses 140 71 153 71 164 73 188 72 194 68 232.4 65

NET INCOME 58 29 64 29 62 27 73 28 93 32 80.3 35

Source: Mun Accounting Office

Comparative Income and Expenditures (In P Mil)

198 217 226

261

287.4 312.7

140 153

164 188 194

232.4

58 64 62 73

93 80.3

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Total Income Total Expenses Net Income


92

2015 Revenue by Source

Source: Mun.

Accounting Office

Programs & Projects

For the current year 2016, most of the municipal budget is appropriated for General Public Services, equivalent to 55.60% of the total budget. The rest of the budget is broken down as follows: 6.94% is appropriated for Economic Development Services, 5.13% for the required Disaster Risk Reduction Fund. Slight changes in allocation are seen in the Social Development Services which decreased slightly from 19.73% in 2015 to 19.22% for the current year 2016. But the 20% (of the IRA) Development Fund increased from 12.80% to 13.11%. Table 170: Budgetary Allocation by Sectoral Service, 2014-2016

Budget Year 2014 2015 2016

Budgetary Allocation P % P % P %

Economic Development Services

15.36 8.26% 18.83 7.65% 18.83 6.94%

General Public Services 107 57.60% 134.95 54.85% 150.91 55.60%

Social Development Services

29.17 15.70% 48.53 19.73% 52.16 19.22%

20% Municipal Development Fund

25 13.50% 31.5 12.80% 35.58 13.11%

5% Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund

9.3 5% 12.2 4.96% 13.92 5.13%

Aid to Barangays 0.016 0% 0.016 0.01% 0 0.00%

Total 185.869 100% 246.02 100.00% 271.4 100.00%

At least 20% of the Internal Revenue Allotment is required by law to fund development projects, known as the 20% Municipal Development Fund, the amount in 2015 was Php 31.5 M. and Php 35.58M for the year 2016.

Of all the sources of income for 2015,

53% came from the National coffers

(other income). Of the local sources,

Business Income accounted for 14%,

Subsidy at .5%, Tax Revenue at 22%,

Service income at 6%, and Permits

and Licenses at 5%.

Permits and Licenses, 14.7,

5%

Service Income, 17.9,

6% Business Income, 42.8,

14%

[CATEGORY NAME]

0.5%

Other Income, 166.9,

53%

Local Taxes, 68.9, 22%

Economic Development

Services, 15.36, 8%

General Public Services, 107, 58%

Social Development Services, 29.17, 16%

20% Municipal Development Fund,

25, 13%

5% Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund, 9.3, 5%

Aid to Barangays, 0.016, 0%

Budgetary Allocation by Sectoral Service, 2016


93

Table 171: 20% Development Fund Programs, Projects, and Activities, 2014-2016

Programs and Projects 2014 2015 2016

I. Social Development Services

A. Health Services 1.0 0.00 0.4

B. Social Welfare & Development Services 2.0 3.30 4.35

C. General Public Development Services .30 4.30 2.65

II. Economic Development Services

A. Infrastructure Services 1.14 12.86 17.98

B. Agricultural Services 9.26 1.50 0

C. Commerce, Trade, & Industry Services 5.20 5.00 0

D. Domestic Water Development Services .50 12.86 0.58

III. Environment & Natural Resources Preservation Services

A. Solid Waste Management Services 6.95 4.53 6.1

B. Forest & Watershed Protection Services .95 0.00 0

C. Drainage, Sewerage, & Flood Control Services .20 0.00 3.52

TOTAL Php (mil) 27.50 31.50 35.58 Source: 20% Development Fund, 2014-2016

Organization & Staffing A total of 392 personnel comprise the municipal organization among 13 different offices. Out of the 350, 231 are permanent employees, 17 are casual, 137 are on contractual and job order basis, 12 are elective officials, and 4 co-terminous employees. Attached offices include the Municipal Local Government Operations Office-DILG, La Trinidad Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection, Municipal rail Court, and the Commission on Elections, whose wages comes from the national coffers.

Table 172: Number of Employees per Office, 2015

OFFICE Male Female Total

Permanent Employees

Office of the Municipal Mayor 38 12 50

Office of the Sangguniang Bayan 5 4 9

Municipal Legal Office 1 1 2

Municipal Planning & Development Office 6 4 10

Municipal Local Civil Registry 3 2 5

Municipal Budget Office 1 3 4

Municipal Treasury Office 11 8 19

Municipal Accounting Office 4 6 10

Municipal Assessor’s Office 4 5 9

Municipal Agriculture Office 10 4 14

3.3

7.6 7.4

16.1

32.22

18.56

8.1 4.53

9.62

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2014 2015 2016

20% MDF Allocation per Development Sector 2014-2016

Social Development Services

Economic Development Services

Environment & Natural Resources Preservation Services


94

Municipal Health Office 5 16 21

Municipal Engineering Office 11 2 13

Mun. Social Welfare & Development Office 1 7 8

Economic Enterprise 38 9 47

SVHR 2 0 2

Sub-total 131 75 231

Casual Employees 9 8 17

Job order Employees 90 47 137

Co-Terminous Employees 1 3 4

Elective Officials 10 2 12

TOTAL 250 142 392

Source: Human Resource Management Section, Mayor’s Office

Municipal Officials Table 173: Newly Elected Municipal Officials (July 2013-June 2016)

Municipal Mayor Hon. Edna C. Tabanda

Municipal Vice Mayor Hon. Romeo K. Salda

Councillors Hon. John G. Botiwey

Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr.

Hon. Roderick C. Awingan

Hon. Estrella B. Adeban

Hon. Joey Jovencio L. Marrero

Hon. Francis A. Lee

Hon. Henry M. Kipas

Hon. Renato B. Tereng

Ex- Officio ABC President Hon. Teddy M. Quintos

Sanggunian Bayan Standing Committees

Table 174 : Standing Committees (July 2013- June 2016)

Committee Chairperson

Finance, Budget, and Appropriations Hon. John G. Botiwey

Tourism, Special Events, and External Affairs Hon. Roderick C. Awingan

Public Utilities Hon. Joey Jovencio L. Marrero

Trade and Industry , Labor, Livelihood, & Accreditation Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr.

Personnel, Good Government, Human Rights, and Justice Hon. Estrella B. Adeban

Laws, Rules, and Regulation Hon. John G. Botiwey

Health Hon. Francis A. Lee

Agriculture Hon. Renato B. Tereng

Zoning, Housing, Urban and Rural Development Hon. Henry M. Kipas

Barangay Affairs Hon. Teddy M. Quintos

Peace and Order, Public Safety, and Civil Defence Hon. Francis A. Lee

Public Market, & Local Economic Enterprise Hon. Renato B. Tereng

Social Services Hon. Estrella B. Adeban

Education Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr.

Ways and Means Hon. Henry M. Kipas

Natural Resources & Environmental Protection Hon. Teddy M. Quintos

Public Works, Project Monitoring and Evaluation Hon. Joey Jovencio L. Marrero

Youth and Sports Development Hon. Francis A. Lee

Cooperative, Private Organization & Non-Government Organization

Hon. Estrella B. Adeban

Culture & Arts Hon. Francis A. Lee

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Hon. Roderick C. Awingan

Solid Waste Management Hon. Teddy M. Quintos


95

Oversight Committee Hon. Henry M. Kipas Source : Sangguniang Bayan

Punong Barangays Table 175: List of Punong Barangays (October 2013-2016)

Alapang Hon. Rolando P. Leon

Alno Hon. Jonie S. Puroc

Ambiong Hon. Teddy M. Quintos

Bahong Hon. Belmer L. Elis

Balili Hon. Ramon B. Tomin

Beckel Hon. Allan Y. Maliones

Betag Hon. Peter D. Comila

Bineng Hon. Felix M. Sito

Cruz Hon. Charles T. Canuto

Lubas Hon. Roger L. Angel

Pico Hon. Juan A. Mendoza

Poblacion Hon. Manuel A. Dulnuan

Puguis Hon. Sonny Victor D. Balanoy

Shilan Hon. Mariano T. Caluza

Tawang Hon. Denver D. Gomeyac

Wangal Hon. Valentino R. Walang

Community Participation As to the participation of the populace into community affairs, there are 8,678 persons who are members in community organizations. At least 24% are members of civic organizations, 17% are members of the Senior Citizens Association, and 16% are members of a cooperative. Table 176: Community Membership by Sex

Type of Community Organizations #

Total

% Male Female

Religious 290 350 640 7%

Youth 317 306 623 7%

Cultural 165 184 349 4%

Political 45 10 55 1%

Women's 10 723 733 8%

Agricultural 286 118 404 5%

Labor 117 53 170 2%

Civic 1,129 968 2,097 24%

Cooperative 759 663 1,422 16%

Senior Citizens 659 835 1,494 17%

Others 345 344 689 8%

Not Stated 1 1 2 0%

Total 4,123 4,555 8,678 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Access to Government Programs Among all types of government programs, a total of 9,918 households or 44% of all households were able to benefit from government programs. About 4,142 households are members of Phil. Health Ins.


96

for Indigents, 2,469 households were able to receive health assistance, and 1,082 households were able to avail of credit. Most of the households, at 85% were able to rate the programs positively. Table 177: Access to Government Programs by Type, 2010

Type of Gov’t Program # %

Recipient of CARP 117 1%

Phil. Health Ins. for Indigents 4142 42%

Supplemental Feeding 992 10%

Health Assistance 2469 25%

Education / scholarship 557 6%

Skills or livelihood training 130 1%

Housing program 109 1%

Credit program 1082 11%

Others 320 3%

Total 9918 44% of all hh

Source: CBMS 2010

Table 178: Program Effect Rating

Rating # %

Positive 8436 85%

No Effect 1259 13%

Negative Effect 223 2%


Local Governance Performance Report, 2009-2012 The Local Governance Performance Management System, or LGPMS for brevity, is an on-line national information system on local governments, introduced by the Department of the Interior and Local Government. It is a self-assessment, management and development tool that enables local governments to determine their capabilities and limitations in the delivery of essential public services. It is a web-based system that has the ability to produce information on the state of local governance performance, and the state of local development, using governance and development indicators. In 2012, the state of Local Governance Performance of the municipal government report is indicated below in 5 areas of governance. With 5 as the highest rank, the municipal government of La Trinidad excels in its participation, transparency, financial accountability, administrative governance particularly the Human Resource Management and Development, Social Governance, and in Forest Ecosystems Management. In most areas of governance, although not excellent, the local government is doing fairly well. Priority Areas that need improvement are in Entrepreneurship, Business and Industry Promotion and Support to Agriculture Services.

Table 179: LGPMS Ratings, 2009-2012

Governance Indicators/ yr. 2009 2010 2011 2012

Fundamentals of Governance

Participation 4.00 5.00 4.83 5.00

Transparency 5.00 4.87 4.87 5.00

Financial Accountability 3.49 4.51 4.59 5.00

Administrative Governance

Local Legislation 3.97 3.36 2.54 4.75

Development Planning 4.81 4.86 4.41 4.80

Customer Service - Civil Applications 4.60 4.00 5.00 4.80

Human Resource Management and Development 3.80 4.20 4.20 5.00


97

Social Governance

Health Services 4.74 4.84 4.84 5.00

Support to Education Services 4.90 5.00 4.50 5.00

Support to Housing and Basic Utilities 3.40 5.00 3.40 5.00

Peace, Security and Disaster Risk Management 4.79 4.97 3.71 4.78

Economic Governance

Support to Agriculture Services 4.00 4.67 4.67 3.71

Entrepreneurship, Business and Industry Promotion 3.50 4.67 4.27 3.94

Environmental Governance

Forest Ecosystems Management 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

Urban Ecosystems Management 2.59 4.48 4.28 4.65

Source: State of Local Governance Performance, Electronic Report, 2009-2012 ( 5: Highest)

This document is prepared by the Research and Evaluation Section of the Office of Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator. Special thanks to Sally Sacpa for the Collated CBMS Data.

Robelyn Madayag Statistician I

la trinidad socio-economic & physical...

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