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Cancer Immunology

SBM 3033

Ridhwan Abdul Wahab

10/12/2012

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Evidence for tumor immunity

spontaneous regression

regression of metastases after removal of primary tumor

infiltrations of tumors by lymphocytes and macrophages

lymphocyte proliferation in draining lymph nodes

increased cancer risk after immunosuppression and

immunodeficiency

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Introduction

tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as

foreign

immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth

external activation of the immune system

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Cancer Talking.....

tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as

foreign

immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth

1. derived from host cells.

2. rapid growth/spread.

3. have specialised mechanisms in Evading.

external activation of the immune system

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Cancer Chat....

tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as

foreign

immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth

external activation of the immune system

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Identification of Tumor Ag recognised by T lymphocytes.

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Tumor antigens

mutations

abnormal expression

oncogenic viruses

oncofetal antigens

altered surface modifications

tissue specific differentiation antigens

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Tumor antigens - Mutations

point-mutations

deletions

translocations

insertions

specific for tumor cells

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Figure 14-12

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p53

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53

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Tumor antigens

mutations

abnormal expression

oncogenic viruses

oncofetal antigens

altered surface modifications

tissue specific differentiation antigens

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Figure 14-13

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Figure 14-11 part 1 of 2

Origin of tumor antigens

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Figure 14-11 part 2 of 2

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Overview

Introduction

Tumor antigens

Immune response

Evasion of immune responses

Immunotherapy

Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth

Summary

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Immune responses to tumors

innate immune responses

NK cells

macrophages

adaptive immune responses

T cells

antibodies

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Overview

Introduction

Tumor antigens

Immune response

Evasion of immune responses

Immunotherapy

Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth

Summary

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Figure 14-14 part 1 of 2

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Figure 14-14 part 2 of 2

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Overview

Introduction

Tumor antigens

Immune response

Evasion of immune responses

Immunotherapy

Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth

Summary

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Immunotherapy

stimulation of immune response

vaccination with tumor cells

costimulators and cytokines

block inhibitory pathways

nonspecific stimulation of the immune system

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Tumor vaccines

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Cytokine gene transfection

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Systemic cytokine therapy

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Immunotherapy

passive immunotherapy

adoptive cellular therapy

graft-versus-leukemia

antibodies

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Monoclonal antibodies

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Figure 14-17

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Overview

Introduction

Tumor antigens

Immune response

Evasion of immune responses

Immunotherapy

Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth

Summary

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Promoting tumor growth

chronic inflammation as risk factor for cancer