Hand Washing Prevents the Spread of Hand Washing Prevents the Spread of Methicillin-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus

in the Clinical and Community Settingin the Clinical and Community Setting

Kylie Bouphaphanh, Marilyn Butler, Jan Lozon, Sheryl PiperKylie Bouphaphanh, Marilyn Butler, Jan Lozon, Sheryl Piper

Ferris State UniversityFerris State University

20102010

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Methicillin-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureaus Staphylococcus aureaus (MRSA)(MRSA)

MRSA is a world-wide health concern Center for Disease Control (CDC) now estimates

63% of all infections in the United States are attributed to S aureaus

MRSA is prevalent in the clinical setting MRSA is prevalent in the community

www.cdc.gov., 2007

Hand washing a central themeHand washing a central theme

The central theme of all reference material is, simply washing your hands

Hand washing is credited in slowing down the progression of MRSA and saving lives

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Education on hand washing is the key Education on hand washing is the key in preventing the spread of MRSAin preventing the spread of MRSA

After a staff-education program was completed at the Melbourne teaching hospital in Australia, compliance with hand washing increased by 41% (MJA, 2006)

The use of alcohol/chlorhexidine-based hand-hygiene solution in the hospital setting is effective in decreasing the rate of nosocomial MRSA (MJA, 2006)

For the cost of $2.50 (less the cost of a Burger King, Whopper) an educational program and alcohol-based hand-washing solution can be provided in all clinical settings (MJA, 2006)

The Cost of MRSAThe Cost of MRSA

An Australian hospital decreased MRSA cases by 57% after providing an alcohol-based hand-hygiene solution (MJA, 2006)

It is estimated that the cost of treating a single case of MRSA bacteraemia is $27,000(MJA, 2006)

Preventing just six patients from developing MRSA will save enough money to pay for the preventative program of education and hand-washing solution (MJA, 2006)

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The Proper Technique for Hand WashingThe Proper Technique for Hand Washing

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The role of Isolation Gowns and Hand The role of Isolation Gowns and Hand Washing in the prevention of MRSAWashing in the prevention of MRSA

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Proper hand hygiene is credited in the Proper hand hygiene is credited in the preventing the spread of MRSA in hospital preventing the spread of MRSA in hospital

Proper hand washing, with the use of an alcohol-based disinfectant, is shown to be as effective in the preventing the spread of MRSA in the hospital, as is the use of isolation gowns (Grant, Raman-

Haddad, Dendukuri, Libman, 2006)

The hospital units that emphasized hand washing as a preventative measure instead of isolation gowns, did not show increased incidents of MRSA (Grant, et al, 2006)

The reason for hand washingThe reason for hand washing

Empowering your patients by -Empowering your patients by - Teach them proper hand-washing techniques Give them knowledge on how proactive

measures will prevent the spread of MRSA Stress the importance of understanding the

reason why hand washing is so important Build an awareness of how to prevent cross-

contamination and transmission of MRSA (Tisinger, 2007))

Preventing Community-Associated Preventing Community-Associated MRSA among Student AthletesMRSA among Student Athletes

Teach students what MRSA is Teach students what MRSA does Teach students how MRSA is

transmitted Teach students about the cost of

MRSA – both financially and the effect on their health

Teach students on the importance of proper hand washing technique

Teach students never to share personal-hygiene items (Many, 2008)

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Have you killed anyone with Have you killed anyone with your bare hands lately?your bare hands lately?

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ReferencesReferences Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (October 17, 2007) Invasive MRSA [Fact Sheet].

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhrp/ar_mrsa_Invasive_FS.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (February 3, 2005) Community-Associated MRSA

Information for the Public. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa_ ca_public.html Grant, J., Raman-Haddad, L., Dendukuri, N., & Libman, M. (2006). The role of gowns in

preventing nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): gown use in MRSA control. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 27(2), 191-194. Retrieved from CINAHL database.

Many, P. (2008). Preventing community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among student athletes. Journal of School Nursing (Sage Publications Inc.), 24(6), 370-378. Retrieved from CINAHL database.

Medical Journal of Australia. (2005). Efficacy of an alcohol/chlorhexidine hand hygiene program in a hospital with high rates of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Retrieved from http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/183_10_211105/joh10507_fm.html

Tisinger, C. (2008). Empowering your patients in the fight against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 20(4), 204-211. Retrieved from CINAHL database.