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UNIVERSITY OFKWAZULU-NATAL

FACULTY OF EDUCATIONSCHOOL OF SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS & TECHNOLOGY

EDUCATIONEdgewood Campus

BACHELOR OF EDUCATION

EXAMINATIONS - MAY/JUNE 2011

Module Title Natural Science 110

2.5 Hours

Dr J Coleman

Code

Marks

EDNS110 EC

150Duration

InternalExaminers

External Examiner Dr R Mudaly

Instructions to candidates:

This examination paper consists of 12 pages (excluding the cover page)and 8 questions. Please check that your question paper is complete.

PLEASE START EACH QUESTION ON A NEW PAGE.

Answer all questions in your answer book.

You may make use of a calculator.

QUESTION 1 [20 marks]Choose the most correct alternative of those given and write the corresponding letter onlyon your answer sheet.

Questions 1.1 to 1.8 refer to the diagram below. Study the diagram and answer thequestions that follow.

A B

.c~~~~;J~~

c o

4(I)

E<II

."Q.P.{\~\O

Radiation offloweringplants

1.1 The diagram above is illustrating:A. how plant groups differ in the method of reproduction.B. how plant groups differ in structure.C. the evolutionary relationships between some of the plant groups.D. how all plant groups have evolved from Bryophytes.

1.2 Which group of plants were the last to evolve?A.AB. BC.CD. D

1.3 Which group/s of plants lack/s supportive tissue?A. C and DB.BC. AD. AandC

1.4 Which group/s of plants produce fruit?A. A andBB. Band CC. C andDD. D

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1.5 Which group of plants lacks true roots, stems and leaves?A.AB. BC.CD. D

1.6 Which group/s of plants produce/s seeds?A. A and BB. BC. A,CandDD. CandD

1.7 Which group/s of plants rely/relies on spores for reproduction?A.AB. AandBC. CD. D

1.8 Which group/s of plants is/are most closely related to Angiosperms?A.AB. BC. CD. A and C

1.9 The micrograph below is of the head of a fruit fly. What type of microscope wouldhave been used to study and photograph this insect?

A. Light microscopeB. Scanning electron microscopeC. Transmission electron microscopeD. Dissecting microscope

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1.10 The insect shown in the diagram above (1.9) belongs to the Phylum ...A. ArthropodaB. AnnelidaC. MolluscaD. Chordata

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QUESTION 2 [14 marks]

2.1 Draw a table to compare the structure of plant and animal cells. Provide a suitableheading. Include three comparisons. (8)

2.2 Write down the letters P, Q, R, S, T and U on your answer sheet. Use the diagram andkey below to identify the insects P, Q, R, S, T and U. Write down the name of theinsect next to the appropriate letter. (6)

Guide ~~

1ffo P 5 (?)

~

~ biting mouth parts

j/~ wing markings

6 suckinq mouth parts

Q

T

Key: Insects

1a. Wings not patterned Burrowing beetleb. Wings patterned 2

2a. Spots on wings 3b. Wings not spotted 5

3a. Four spots on wings Four-spotted beetleb. Two spots on wings.. . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. 4

4a. Wings long and thin Marsh beetleb. Wings rounded/oval Dune beetle

5a. Wings striped Tiger beetleb. Wings not striped Jewel beetle

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QUESTION 3 [31 marks]

3.1 The Black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is a species native to Africa. South Africahas the largest population of these animals in Africa. The numbers of Blackrhinoceros over a number of years in South Africa is shown in the table below. Usethe data in Table 2 and the newspaper article below to answer the questions thatfollow.

Table 2: Black rhinoceros population in South Africa.

YEAR NUMBER OF BLACK RHINOCEROS

1970 65000

1980 15000

1987 3800

1990 2500

2003 1284

Eyewitness news: 19April 2011

On Tuesday, two poachers were gunned down at the Kruger National Park afterrangers found them cutting the horn off one of three dead rhinoceros.The latest figures show just over 130 rhino were killed across the country in lessthan four months, while 72 suspects were arrested, 13 of whom were killed andsix wounded.

3.1.1 What is the genus name of Black rhinoceros? (1)3.1.2 What was the percentage decline of the population of rhinoceros between 1970

and 2003? Show your working. (2)3.1.3 Explain the current cause of the decline in numbers of rhinoceros in South

Africa. (5)

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3.2 The diagram below shows a natural process which results in warming of the Earth'ssurface, allowing temperatures suitable for life on Earth. Study the diagram andanswer the questions that follow.

3.2.1 Name the process shown in the diagram above. (1)3.2.2 Name two gases which form part of the layer A as shown on the diagram above. (2)3.2.3 Explain how changes in the process shown in the diagram could result in global

warmmg. (4)

3.3 Study the pyramid of energy below and answer the questions that follow.

\10 J

c

A 10,000 J

1,000,000 J of sunlight

3.3.1 At which trophic level does the mouse feed? (1)3.3.2 Name the organisms labeled A and C according to the trophic level at which they

feed. (2)3.3.3 What percentage of energy is lost from the plant to the locust? (2)3.3.4 List two ways in which heat is lost from one trophic level to the next. (2)

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3.4 The diagrams below show the sequence of events taking place over a number of yearsin a forest.

Diagram 1 shows a population of mice (some white and some brown co loured) living onthe forest floor.

Diagram 2 shows an eagle which has seen and taken a white mouse.Diagram 3 shows the population after five years.

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3.4.1 Name the mechanism of evolution indicated by the diagrams above. (1)3.4.2 Describe, in point form, what is happening to the population of mice in each of

stages labeled 1, 2 and 3. (8)

QUESTION 4 [12 marks]

4.1 Study the diagram below of the male reproductive tract.

~

F

G

AB H

C ID

J

E

fi;:r~~,'"~. ~.:;~.~~.' :.

,,I

7

Provide the letter of the part4.1.1 which produces sperm cells4.1.2 which secretes fructose, the energy source for sperm4.1.3 in which sperm mature and are stored.4.1.4 which produces secretions which buffer the pH in the acidic vagina (4)

4.2 The table below shows the number of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) in the world in 2006.

sro Global Cases

4.2.1 Explain the characteristics of HPV infection. Make use of the following headings:(a) cause (1)(b) effect (2)(c) treatment (1)

4.2.2 Explain the link between HPV infection and cervical cancer. (2)4.2.3 How many times more infectious is HPV than genital herpes? (2)

HPV infectionTrichomoniasisChlamydiaGenital herpesGonorrheaSyphilisAIDS

400,000,000174,000,00092,000,00020,000,00062,000.000'12,000,0004,900,000

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QUESTION 5 [18 marks]

The diagram below is of the human digestive system.

A

B

c

D

G --_.,,\

E

5.1 Provide labels for the parts D, E and F. (3)5.2 Name the enzyme produced in part labeled A. (1)5.3 Name the physical process for moving the bolus down part B. (1)5.4 The glands named in part C secrete gastric juice. Why does the gastric juice

not destroy the cells that make it? Explain the actions of the gastric juice fully. (8)5.5 Compare the pH of part C and part I. (2)5.6 Provide the letter of the part where

5.6.1 absorption of most nutrients takes place.5.6.2 bile is produced.5.6.3 bile is stored. (3)

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QUESTION 6 [26 marks]

6.1 The diagram below is a summary of the steps involved in the process ofphotosynthesis. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow.

Radiantenergy

F E G

I

C(stage)

-------+-)o#ff D

(stage)JA-

H

CYTOPLASM

6.1.1 Name the structures labeled A and B. (2)6.1.2 Name the stages which take place at C and D on the diagram. (2)6.1.3 Name the compounds or substances labeled E, F, G and H. (4)6.1.4 Name TWO products indicated by the letter I. (2)6.1.5 Name the TWO molecules indicated by the letter J. (2)6.1 6 Name the enzyme which is involved in the reaction at G on the diagram. (1)

6.2 The diagram below shows some of the stages of anaerobic respiration in a yeast cell.

Pyruvicacid

B

6.2.1 What is the term given to this specific type of anaerobic respiration? (1)6.2.2 Name the compounds represented by the letters A and B. (2)6.2.3 What compound would B represent for anaerobic respiration in bacteria, for

example Lactobacillus? (1)6.2.4 What gas is represented by the letter C? (1)

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6.2.5 Describe one way in which this process can be used for commercial purposes. (2)6.2.6 Describe two ways in which the mitochondrion is well suited to its function in

respiration. (4)6.2.7 Compare the number of ATP produced per molecule of glucose in aerobic and

anaerobic respiration. (2)

QUESTION 7 [15 marks]

7.1 Explain the difference between an open and closed circulatory system. For eachsystem, give an example of a group of organisms that have such a circulatorysystem. (4)

7.2 The structure of three types of blood vessels, A, B and C are shown below.

B

7.2.1 Name the three vessels A, B and C, based on their structure. (3)7.2.2 Provide two structural differences between vessel A and C, based on the

diagrams. (4)7.2.3 Provide two other differences between vessels A and C, not seen from the diagram,

but based on your knowledge of the vessels. (4)

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QUESTIONS [14 marks]

The diagram below shows a structure found in the mammalian kidney.

A

E

8.1 Give the biological name of the structure represented by the diagram above. (1)8.2 Identify the parts labeled A, B, C, D and E. (5)

8.3 The blood vessel F has a larger diameter than blood vessel G. Explain thesignificance (importance) of this observation. (2)

8.4 The amount of substances moving through different parts of the structure above in ahealthy individual per day was measured. The results are shown in the table below.Answer the questions below the table with reference to the diagram above and thetable.

Amount moved Amount moved AmountSubstance through Alday through E/day reabsorbed/dayWater 180 litres X 178.5 litresGlucose 180 Y 180gUrea 60g 35g Z

8.4.1 How much water was lost in the urine per day (X in table)? (1)8.4.2 How much glucose was lost in the urine per day (Y in table)? (1)8.4.3 How much urea was reabsorbed per day (Z in the table)? (1)8.4.4 If this person had been suffering from dehydration, would you expect the value for

X to be higher or lower? Explain your answer. (2)8.4.5 In which part of the structure was most glucose reabsorbed? State only the letter. (1)

End of examination paper.

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