kuliah 7 application software

8/9/2019 Kuliah 7 Application Software

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Bab 7

Application Software


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Applications Software Software used to solve a particular problem or perform a

particular task


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Acquiring Software:

Traditional Ways

Custom software

Written by programmers hired by organization

Packaged (commercial) software Purchased from a store, catalog, or Web site


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Custom Software

Specifically tailored to an organizations needs

Organization hires computer programmers to

design, write, test, and implement software Can be extremely complex and take years to write

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Packaged Software

Sold in stores, catalogs, or Web sites

Sometimes downloaded from the Internet

Package contains one or more CDs or DVDs holdingthe software

Typically contains software documentation

Designed to be user-friendly

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Software Suites

Most office-oriented productivity software is soldbundled together in software suites.

Common suites are Microsoft Office, CorelWordPerfect Office, Lotus SmartSuite, Sun StarOffice.


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Software Suites, contd.

Common interface

Keep as many commands, toolbar buttons, and

menu options the same from program to program. Document-centered computing

Work centers around the document, not theprogram.

Application integration and OLE Objects created in one program can be inserted

into documents in other programs.


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User-Friendly Software

Easy to use

Should be intuitive for even a beginning user

Can be used with minimum of training anddocumentation

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Document-Handling Operations


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Online Help Online help features enable users to get help about a

particular program from within the program.

Help is typically in the form of:

Table of contents

Index

Search

Natural-language help

Wizard

Tutorial/tour


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Task-Oriented Software Often called productivity software

Common categories

Word processing/Desktop publishing Electronic spreadsheets

Database management

Graphics

Communications Others


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What Is Word Processing Software?

Word processing: using computer technology tocreate, manipulate, and print text materials such as

letters, legal contracts, manuscripts, and otherdocuments.

Leading word processors:

Microsoft Word Corel WordPerfect


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Working with Words Word Processing

Most widely used personalcomputer software

Create memos, reports,papers

Incorporate graphics intodocuments

Desktop Publishing High-level publishing needs

Newsletters

Brochures, promotional

materials


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Creating and Editing Documents

Scrolling and moving the insertion point

Line breaks and paragraph breaks

Editing text

Spell-checking


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Formatting Documents

Character formatting

Paragraph formatting

Page and document formatting


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Graphics, Tables, and Templates

Most word processors allow insertion of graphics,(clip art, photographs, etc.) into documents.

Tables can be used to neatly organize data.

Templates and wizards can help users quickly create

standard documents.


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Word Processing and the Web

Most recent word processors include features to:

Save documents as Web pages

Open and edit existing Web pages

Include hyperlinks in documents

Send e-mail

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What Is a Spreadsheet Program?

A spreadsheet program is used to createdocuments that can be organized into rows and

columns and contain numbers and equations.

Leading spreadsheet products include:

Microsoft Excel

Lotus 1-2-3 Corel Quattro Pro


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Creating and Editing a Worksheet Entering labels and

constant values

Entering formulas andfunctions

Editing a worksheet

Relative vs. absolute cellreferencing


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Formatting a Worksheet

Cell formatting

Row or column formatting

Worksheet formatting


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Charts and Sensitivity Analysis

A charting or graphing feature allows charts to bequickly created from spreadsheet data.

What-if analysis allows you to change certainnumbers on a spreadsheet and look at the results ofthat change.


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Spreadsheets and the Web Many spreadsheet programs include some Web

capabilities, such as being able to save a worksheet

as a Web page.

More commonly, blocks of cells on a spreadsheet arecopied into Web pages.

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What Is a Database Program? A database is a collection of data that is stored and

organized in a manner that enables information to be

retrieved as needed.

Database software enables the creation of adatabase on a computer.

Common programs include Microsoft Access, CorelParadox, and Lotus Approach.


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Creating a Database When first creating a database, consider:

Number of tables

Data items to be stored in each table Table structure

Whether or not a field is required, the type of datathat can be entered into the field, etc.

After the table structure is complete, data can beentered using either the datasheet view or a form.


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Modifying a Database Design view is used for modifying a tables structure.

Actual data in a table can be changed whenever thetable is open in datasheet view or displayed in aform.

Fields may be edited, and records can be added or

deleted as needed.


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Queries and Reports A query is a question used to retrieve information

from a database.

Reports are created when a more formal printout isdesired.


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Databases and the Web Many Web sites use a database to keep track of

inventory and allow individuals to search for or order

products via the Web site.

Web-based databases are discussed in more detail inChapter 14.

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What Is Presentation Graphics

Software? Presentation graphics software is a type of

program used to create presentation graphics.

Common programs include:

Microsoft PowerPoint

Corel Presentations

Lotus Freelance Graphics


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Graphics Graphics software creates graphs

and charts from numeric data

Spot trends and compare datamore easily Visual evidence more compelling

Included in spreadsheet programs

Presentation graphics creates slideshow presentations

Combine high-quality graphics,audio, and video

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Creating a Presentation Individual slides are typically created and can either

be printed or used in electronic slide shows.

Text can be formatted and toolbar buttons can beused to insert clip art, photographs, video clips, audioclips, etc.

Different types of charts (bar, pie, line, text,organizational) are also available.


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Enhancing a Presentation Transitions and other types of animation can be used

to add interest to a slide show.

Slide order can be rearranged as needed and thenthe slide show can be run.

Typically, options are available to print slides orspeaker notes, if needed.


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Presentation Graphics and the Web Presentation graphics programs can be used to

create Web pages.

Slide shows are often available through the Web.


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Communications The ability to hook the

computer up to phone line orcable and communicate withanother computer

Typically connected over theInternet

Needs a browser to accessother locations on theInternet

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Acquiring Software:

New Ways

Freeware

Public Domain Software

Open-Source Software

Shareware


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Freeware

Author provides it free for all to use

Author retains copyright

May place restrictions on its use

May not be altered or redistributed withoutpermission

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Public Domain Software Software that is not copyrighted

May be used and even altered without permission

Typically developed by universities and/or researchinstitutions using government grants

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Open-Source Software A variation of freeware

Source code made available

Source code: readable by humans Other programmers can modify and redistribute the

programs freely

Helps identify bugs and create improvements

more easily

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Shareware Copyrighted software, freely distributed for a trial

period

If you like it, register it for a fee Most authors add free documentation,

enhancements, support, and updates toencourage people to register

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