kuliah 3 tbk ukuran utama kapal

1© Adi Wirawan Husodo2012

Kuliah-3 Teori Bangunan Kapal

Ukuran Utama KapalDosen : Adi Wirawan Husodo, ST, MT

© Adi Wirawan Husodo2012

Bagaimana menunjukkan ukuran kapal tsb ????


UKURAN UTAMA

=

MAIN DIMENSIONS

=

PRINSIPAL DIMENSIONS

=

MAIN PARTICULARS

=

PRINCIPAL PARTICULARS


Ukuran Utama

• LOA = Length Overall

panjang yang diukur dari ujung haluan (bow/stem) sampai dengan ujung buritan (stern).

• LWL = Length on waterline

panjang antara dua garis air muat (load water line); yang diukur dari perpotongan WL dengan linggi buritan (stern post ) sampai dengan perpotongan antara WL dengan linggi haluan (stem post), tidak termasuk ketebalan pelat kulit (shell plate)


Ukuran Utama

• LBP / LPP = Length between perpendicular

panjang antara dua garis tegak; garis tegak haluan (FP=fore/forward perpendicular), dan garis tegak buritan (AP=aft/after perpendicular).

• FP = fore / forward perpendicular

garis tegak haluan yang diperoleh dari perpotongan antara linggi haluan dengan garis air muat


Ukuran Utama

• AP = after /aft perpendicular

garis tegak buritan yang diperoleh pada sisi belakang linggi kemudi (rudder post) ATAU diambil tegak lurus pada sumbu kemudi (rudder stock).

• Amidship / Midship

Pertengahan kapal, setengah dari LPP/LBP


Ukuran Utama

• Base Line; garis horisontal yang digambarkan pada bagian atas (top) dari lunas (keel) kapal.

• Draft (T)/(D) = sarat kapal

Garis tegak lurus vertikal yang diukur dari lunas kapal sampai garis air muat.

• Mean draft;

Sarat rata-rata dari sarat depan (Tf) dan sarat buritan (Ta). Mean draft terletak pada amidship. Sarat haluan (Tf) terletak di FP, dan Sarat buritan (Ta) terletak di AP.


Ukuran Utama

• Bow draft (Tf)• Stern Draft (Ta)• Ta > Tf ; trim by stern (Trim buritan)• Tf > Ta ; trim by bow (Trim haluan)

– Increase the ship’s resistance and could make the propeller out to the water surface.


Ukuran Utama

• Depth (D)

Jarak tegak lurus yang diukur dari lunas (keel) sampai dengan sisi terendah pelat geladak pada sisi kapal.

• Beam (B):

Lebar horisontal dari masing-masing frame section.

• Breadth (B):

Lebar maksimum kapal yang diukur pada bagian tengah kapal (amidship).


Ukuran Utama

• Freeboard:

Jarak vertikal yang diukur pada sisi kapal antara garis air muat sampai freeboard deck.

Perbedaan antara sarat kapal dan tinggi kapal (T dan H)

• Freeboard deck

Umumnya berupa geladak yang langsung terkena cuaca (weather exposed);


Displacement ()

• When a ship in loaded condition floats at an arbitrary water line, its displacement is equal to the relevant mass of water displaced by the ship. Displacement is thus equal to the total weight, all told, of the relevant loaded ship, normally in sea water with a mass density of 1.025 t/m3.

• Displacement comprises the ship’s light weight and its deadweight, where the deadweight is equal to the ship’s loaded capacity, including bunkers and other supplies necessary for the ship’s propulsion. The deadweight at any time thus represents the difference between the actual displacement and the ship’s light weight, all given in tons:

deadweight (DWT) = displacement () – light weight (LWT)


Displacement ()

g


Koefisien Bentuk Kapal

• Koefisien Bidang Garis Air (Cw = water plane area coeff.)• Koefisien Midship (Cm = Midship Section Coeff.)• Koefisien Blok (Cb = Block Coeff.)• Koefisien Prismatik (Cp = Prismatic Coeff.)• Koefisien Prismatik Tegak (Cpv = Vertical Prismatic Coeff.)


Koefisien Bentuk Kapal


Koefisien Bidang Garis Air(Cw = water plane area coeff.)• The coefficient of fineness of the water-plane area is the ratio of the

area of the water-plane to the area of a rectangle having the same length and maximum breadth.


Koefisien Midship(Cm = Midship Section Coeff.)• The midships coefficient to any draft is the ratio of the transverse

area of the midships Section (Am) to a rectangle having the same breadth and draft.


Koefisien Blok (Cb = Block Coeff.)

• The block coefficient of a ship at any particular draft is the ratio of the volume of displacement at that draft to the volume of a rectangular block having the same overall length, breadth, and draft.


Koefisien Prismatik(Cp = Prismatic Coeff.)• The prismatic coefficient of a ship at any draft is the ratio of the

volume of displacement at that draft to the volume of a prism having the same length as the ship and the same cross-sectional area as the ship's midships area.

• The prismatic coefficient is used mostly by ship-model researchers.


Koefisien Prismatik Tegak(Cpv = Vertical Prismatic Coeff.)• Ratio of the volume of displacement to the volume of prism having a

length equal to the draft and a cross-sectional area equal to the water plane area


TERIMA KASIH

kuliah 3 tbk ukuran utama kapal

Education