ku-band vsat & dspt

For circulation to Trainees only

Ku-band VSAT and DSPT

R K GangwarDE(TR)BRBRAITT, Jabalpur


• INTRODUCTION

• WHAT IS VSAT ?

• WHY VSAT?

• HARDWARE OF V-SAT

• VSAT APPLICATIONS

• DSPT

Agenda


Introduction

• VSAT stands for Very Small Aperture

Terminal. VSAT is a device (also known as

an “earth station”) that is used to send and

receive wireless transmissions by satellite.

• Millions of VSATs are in use around the

world, allowing people to send and receive

two-way data, voice or video transmissions

by bouncing signals off of satellites in orbit.


Introduction

• VSAT: a step towards earth station size

reduction


• Antenna Size• ANTENNA DIA - 10 OF Mtr. IN 60s

- 3 TO 7 Mtr. IN 70s

- 0.6/1.2/1.8 Mtr. IN 90s

• VSAT’s POPULARITY DUE TO:

- SMALL ANTENNA

- NO LAST MILE PROBLEM

Introduction


Introduction VSAT is a complete earth station that is installed at user premises and provides business communication services.

VSAT networks provide digital services, particularly data communications.

VSAT operation is mainly in C, and Ku band.

Ka band is also nowadays utilized.


• Trunking stations

• VSAT are mainly used

within international

switching networks to

support trunk

telephony services

between countries,

possibly on different

continents.

Introduction


• VSATs can be used

to bypass public

network operators

by directly

accessing satellite

capacity

Introduction


WHAT IS VSAT ?


WHAT IS VSAT ?

• V-SAT stands for Very Small Aperture Terminal.

• V-SAT is a device also known as an “earth station”.

• It is used to send and receive wireless transmissions by

satellite.

• Millions of V-SATs are in use around the world to send

and receive two-way data, voice or video transmissions.

© For internal circulation of BSNL only


WHAT IS VSAT ?

• The very small component of the V-SAT refers to the

size of the V-SAT antenna.

• Size of V-SAT antenna or dish is about 0.55-1.8

meters in diameter for Ku-Band systems.

• It can be mounted on a roof, attached to a wall or

placed on the ground and is capable of both receiving

and sending satellite signals.


WHAT IS VSAT ?

• V-SAT systems can be designed to serve both

broadcast and interactive applications whether data,

voice or video which are now being served by

terrestrial lines.

• It can be operated in either single or multi user mode.



WHAT IS VSAT ?

• In single-user mode it interfaces directly to the

customers PC.

• In multi-user mode it integrates into a LAN with its

built in Ethernet Interface RJ-45.

• It also acts as an access router to support services

to connecting PCs.



WHY VSAT ?

• V-SAT technology is a secure and reliable medium to

connect geographically dispersed locations.

• It offers a cost effective solution for users seeking an

independent communication network connecting to the

global network.

• It also provide powerful dependable private communication

solutions.


WHY VSAT ?

• V-SAT offers broadband services similar to cable and

DSL services for the computer.

• It provides high performance two-way connectivity for

Broadband access as well as offers value added

satellite based services.

• It can serve remote and inaccessible areas of country.



WHY VSAT ?

It offers cost-effective solution for Corporate bodies,

Training Centers, Hospitals, Stock exchanges, Banks,

Technical institutions, Government, military etc.

V-SAT broadband is another option for a high-speed

Internet Connection that is considered to be one of the best

technologies available today.

It is capable of supporting- Broadband internet access,

VOIP, video conferencing, IP multicast, LAN, voice, Fax.



WHY VSAT ?

• In a situation where other connectivity options

are not feasible, broadband V-SAT of BSNL

offers value added satellite based services.

• Broadband V-SAT of BSNL operates in Ku Band

of electromagnetic spectrum i.e.11 to 18 GHz.

• Uplink frequency- 14.437GHz.

• Downlink frequency- 11.637GHz.



Why VSAT Broadband networking?

• “Suppose a Railway department needs to expand

its business by deploying 100 new reservation

counter within a week, can you imagine the time it

will take to wait for leased lines?

• In such case, V-SAT Broadband connectivity is

the best Option.”



Benefits

• The main benefits of the V-SAT network is very fast

deployment and their independence from the traditional

terrestrial communication networks.

• V-SAT network can be configured to very high reliability.

• V-SAT allow unmanned operation with minimal

maintenance.



Benefits

• The reliability and the quality of V-SAT are superior

to the terrestrial systems.

• V-SAT networks enable the user to have advanced

digital services in places where the terrestrial

infrastructure is not sufficiently developed.

• With V-SAT it is possible to make an end to end

digital network.



Benefits

• V-SAT can be used to give immediate service to

locations that can not afford to wait for long times.

• V-SAT can be deployed very quickly for emergencies

such as natural calamities etc.

• V-SAT network can be engineered to very high

reliability.


For circulation to Trainees onlyApr 9, 2023

C- Band :

U/L : 5.925 – 6.425 GHz.

D/L : 3.7 – 4.2 G Hz.

Total 500 M Hz BW.

Frequency Bands For VSAT

Extended C- Band :

U/L : 6.725 – 7.025 GHz.

D/L : 4.5 – 4.8 G Hz.

Additional 300 MHz BW.Ku band :

U/L : 14.0 - 14.5 G Hz.

D/L : 10.95 – 11.2 and 11.45 - 11.7 GHz.

A total of 500 MHz BW in Ku band.


• Satellite Band width of 500MHz• Transponder Bandwidth 36MHz• WORLDWIDE AVAILABILITY• CHEAPER TECHNOLOGY• ROBUSTNESS TO RAINFALL• REMOTE STATIONS LARGER; 1 TO 3 m.• INTERFERENCE TO ADJACENT SATELLITES & TERRESTRIAL

MICROWAVE

1) C-Band (5.925 – 6.425GHz / 3.7 – 4.2GHz)

Allocated for Military services

2) X –Band (7.925 - 8.425GHz / 7.25 - 7.75GHz)

Frequency Bands for VSAT


Satellite Band width of 750MHz

Transponder Bandwidth 36MHz/72MHz

Exclusively reserved for satellite usage

More susceptible to weather related condition (rain,

snow & water vapour)

Auto uplink Power control (AUPC) improves

transmission reliability during bad weather

3) Ku-Band (13.75 -14.5GHz / 10.95 – 11.7 or 11.7 to 12.2GHz)

Main advantage with Ku band is that E/S can be located anywhere even in the heart of the city.



Satellite Band width of >3GHz

Transponder Bandwidth 72MHz

Higher frequency reduces cost of earth station

Smaller antenna size

More susceptible to signal attenuation due to

atmospheric conditions

Signal Fading problem

Used as technology research satellite

4) Ka –Band (27.5 –31GHz / 17.7 –21.2GHz)



VSAT Hardware

VSAT Equipment is mainly consist of-•ODU ( Outdoor Unit )•IDU ( Indoor Unit )


VSAT Hardware

For circulation to Trainees onlyBRBRAITT,Jabalpur/Nov-2006

User Terminal (Outdoor Unit)

• Outdoor Unit (ODU):

– The outdoor unit system is specifically

optimized for use with the Indoor Unit and

consists of:

• Antenna (0.75m - 1.8m)

• Block Up-converter (BUC) (1W-

2W)

• Low Noise Block-Down-

converter (LNB)

• Feed Assembly (Co-pol or X-pol)

• Antenna Stands (locally supplied)


•BUC: - •Block up-converter converts incoming I.F. (from IDU) to R.F. transmitting frequency, amplifies it and passes it to feed.

• LNB: - •LNB amplifies incoming R.F.(Radio Frequency) from feed using low noise amplifier, converts it to I.F. and passes it to IDU

VSAT Hardware

For circulation to Trainees onlyBRBRAITT,Jabalpur/Nov-2006

•a small desktop box •High Performance Satellite Terminal:

• Download speeds of up to 4 Mbps• Upload speeds of up to 2 Mbps

• Flexible Interfaces:• Ethernet 10/100 Base-T (RJ45)• USB 1.1• 100-240 V AC Power Supply• -48 V DC,12 VDC Power Supply

User Terminal (Indoor Unit)


VSAT Hardware

• INDOOR UNIT (IDU)– On receive side-IDU converts I.F.

(Intermediate Frequency) from ODU to base band signals which may be data, video or voice.

– On transmit side-IDU converts base band signals to I.F. and passes them to ODU.

– I.F. is generally in L band. R.F. can be in C, Ku or Ka bands.


VSAT NETWORK

• V-SAT are customer based and support mainly

digital networks.

• Entire network can be controlled from a single hub.

• The network can be operated from the hub.

• The hub also takes care of billing etc.



VSAT NETWORK

• V-SAT application started with receive only terminals for

receiving TV broadcast signals in C band.

• Small dishes measuring 0.8-2.4 mtr are being widely

used for receive only applications for TV broadcast for

DTH services.



Definition of uplink and downlink

The links from the hub to the VSAT are named outbound links. Those from the VSAT to the hub are named inbound links. Both inbound and outbound links consist of two links, uplink and downlink, to and from the satellite.

HUB VSAT


NETWORK TOPOLOGY

V-SAT networks can be arranged in following

configurations-

• POINT TO POINT NETWORK

• STAR NETWORK

• MESH NETWORK

• Star + Mesh topology

The preferred arrangement depends on the kind of

information flow the network will service.



POINT TO POINT NETWORK

It allows two-way communications between two

VSAT sites.



STAR NETWORK

• It allows any number of V-SAT sites to have

two-way communication with a central hub.

• A star topology, using a central uplink

site, such as a network operations center

(NOC), to transport data back and forth to

each VSAT terminal via satellite



STAR NETWORK

• There are two types of star-shaped VSAT

network:

• Two-way networks ,where VSATs can transmit and

receive. Such networks support interactive traffic;

• One-way networks, where the hub transmits carriers

to receive-only VSATs. This configuration supports

broadcasting services from a central site where the

hub is located to remote sites where the receive-only

VSATs are installed.


STAR NETWORK

Two-way star-shaped VSAT network. (a) Example with four VSATs (arrows represent information flow as conveyed by the carriers relayed by the satellite); (b) simplified representation for a larger number of VSATs (arrows represent bidirectional links made of two carriers travelling in opposite directions)


STAR NETWORK

One-way star-shaped VSAT network. (a) Example with four VSATs (arrows represent information flow as conveyed by the outbound carriers relayed by the satellite); (b) simplified representation for a larger number of VSATs (arrows represent uni-directional links)


KU BAND BROAD BAND VSAT NETWORK

• V-SAT Broadband (Ku-band V-SAT) networks of BSNL

is designed in a hub and spoke fashion with customer

locations connecting directly over air to a central “hub”.

• The equipment at a customer site is a V-SAT

receiver/router (similar to a DSL or cable modem),

attached to a small dish mounted on top or outside the

building.




HUB

VoIPMLLN

Ku Band BSNLGateway,

Bangalore

VSAT

Satellite

INTERNET

MPLS

IDU

IDU

HUB ATA

ATA- Analog Telephone Adapter

HUB HUB

VoIPVoIPMLLN


Bangalore

VSAT

Satellite

INTERNET

MPLS

IDU

IDU

HUB ATA


Ku Band HUB/Gateway

HUB

VoIPMLLN


Bangalore

VSAT

Satellite

INTERNET

MPLS

IDU

IDU

HUB ATA


HUB HUB

VoIPVoIPMLLN


Bangalore

VSAT

Satellite

INTERNET

MPLS

IDU

IDU

HUB ATA


Ku Band HUB/Gateway



At the hub, a large dish and sophisticated hub RF

components receive and transmit signals to remote sites.

Hub routes information to and from the internet or private

networks via leased line.

Internet router is connected to BSNL National Internet

Backbone (NIB) using multiple 2 Mbps leased line.

All remote V-SAT locations are having private IP so that

remote V-SAT users can connect to Internet.




• MLLN : customers will connect directly to this routers using

lease line and they will be able to access the VSAT remote

terminals. Customers may take 64 kbps or multiple of it for their

main office connectivity.

• MPLS: It will be connected to BSNL MPLS cloud using multiple

2 MBPS lease lines. MPLS router will work as CE routers for

the MPLS cloud.



SALIENT FEATURES OF Ku band VSAT

• Supports all IP V4 protocols

• Shared and customized BW for customers

requirements

• VPNs can be created with VSAT n/w, MLLN nodes,

MPLS nodes of BSNL.

• Supports Video Conferencing

• Built in GRE tunneling

• Transparent to IP Sec protocols.


SALIENT FEATURES OF Ku band VSAT

• Max Trans/Receive data up-to 2 Mbps with 10/100

Mbps Base-T Ethernet interface.

• VoIP telephony with add on ATA.

• Power consumption is about 300 W ( AC input

power )

• Compact Indoor Unit ( IDU ) occupies very little

space.


SERVICES OFFERED THROUGH Ku band VSAT

• LEASED LINES Through VSAT on IP PLATFORM: 4KbpS

Onwards

• High speed Broadband Internet

• VPN Networking

• VOIP Telephony

• Facsimile

• Telemedicine

• E-learning

• IP multicasting, video conferencing, Video streaming


VSAT HUB

BSNL Ku Band HUB (Earth Station) at BANGALORE

consists of :

1. Satellite antenna of 8.1 m Cassegrain feed type.

2 .Ku Band RF equipment and its control systems

3. GATEWAY Networking Equipment with interfaces

to Terrestrial Networks like MLLN,MPLS and NIB.


Ku band VSAT applications

• Broadband access

• Leased line & VPN

• Voice over IP

• Video Conferencing

• Video Streaming using IP Multicast


Broadband Access Applications


Voice Applications


Video Conferencing Applications


Video on Demand Applications


Intranet and VPN Applications


Broadcast/Multicast Applications


DIGITAL SATELLITE PHONE TERMINAL (DSPT)

Digital Satellite Phone Terminal System (DSPT system or

DSPS) project involves setting up a VSAT (Very Small

Aperture Terminal) Based network for BSNL. The system consists of HUB Station and Remote Digital

Satellite Phone Terminals working in Ku-Band (Transmit

Frequency is 13.75-14.5 GHz and Receive is 10.7-12.75

GHz). DSPT Network provides PSTN connectivity to rural,

remote, inaccessible and hilly areas.


Typical Network Configuration of DSPT system


Overview of DSPT HUB

• The Hub of DSPT system will be composed of

Indoor and Outdoor facilities. The outdoor

facility is a complete Antenna and RF path

while the indoor comprises the Hub Base-band

and the other equipments: The Hub of DSPT

system comprises of Indoor facilities and

Outdoor facilities


Overview of DSPT HUB


Conclusion

The V-SAT network allows secure, reliable and

cost effective data, voice and video

transmission and enables an organization to

deploy nationwide different services over IP in

very short period of time.



TThank hank yyou!ou!

ku-band vsat & dspt

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