krubong melaka lfg collection & energy recovery cdm project kozo bando [email protected] kajima...

Krubong Melaka LFG Collection Krubong Melaka LFG Collection

& Energy Recovery CDM & Energy Recovery CDM

ProjectProject

Kozo [email protected] Corporation

1. Feasibility Study by NEDO’s Support1. Feasibility Study by NEDO’s Support Program Program2. Outline of Project2. Outline of Project3. Technical Study3. Technical Study4. Environment Study 4. Environment Study 5. Financial Study5. Financial Study6. Actions toward CDM Approvals6. Actions toward CDM Approvals

ContentsContents

Krubong CDMKrubong CDM 、、ＫＡＪＩＭＡＫＡＪＩＭＡ

1.1. Feasibility StudyFeasibility Study by by

NEDO’s Support Program NEDO’s Support Program


1. Calls for FS-for-CDM-project proposal once or 1. Calls for FS-for-CDM-project proposal once or twice a yeartwice a year

2. Awards a dozen or more proposals on a 2. Awards a dozen or more proposals on a competitive basiscompetitive basis

3. Scope of works includes validation process 3. Scope of works includes validation process (FY2003)(FY2003)

4. Approximately US$360,000 for each FS 4. Approximately US$360,000 for each FS (FY2003)(FY2003)

5. One-year Contract5. One-year Contract

FS by NEDOFS by NEDO

NEDO’s Support ProgramNEDO’s Support Program


10/2003 Preliminary site study10/2003 Preliminary site study11/2003 Introduction to relevant agencies/CDM11/2003 Introduction to relevant agencies/CDM approval process/project partner/survey &approval process/project partner/survey & installation ofinstallation of perforated pipesperforated pipes12/2003 Field measurements12/2003 Field measurements Environment assessment process/stakeholdersEnvironment assessment process/stakeholders commentscomments01/2004 Stakeholders comments/electricity sale/PIN01/2004 Stakeholders comments/electricity sale/PIN03/2004 03/2004 ＰＩＮＰＩＮ submitted for review/facility designsubmitted for review/facility design04/2004 Stakeholders comments/facility design04/2004 Stakeholders comments/facility design

Chronicle of FS by NEDO ProgramChronicle of FS by NEDO Program



05-07/2004 PDD written/environment study05-07/2004 PDD written/environment study Estimation of project cost & revenueEstimation of project cost & revenue07/2004 Environment study/estimation07/2004 Environment study/estimation PDD submitted to OEPDD submitted to OE09/2004 Site briefing for 09/2004 Site briefing for ＰＩＮＰＩＮ review/Site review by review/Site review by

OEOE Public comments for PDDPublic comments for PDD10/2004 Validation report from OE10/2004 Validation report from OE PDD submitted to DNA (M) for approvalPDD submitted to DNA (M) for approval12/2004 Application to DNA (J) for approval12/2004 Application to DNA (J) for approval01/2005 01/2005 Approval from JapanApproval from Japan03/2005 03/2005 Presentation at NC on CDM (M)Presentation at NC on CDM (M)07/2005 Approval from Malaysia07/2005 Approval from Malaysia

Chronicle of FS by NEDO ProgramChronicle of FS by NEDO ProgramFS by NEDOFS by NEDO


a. Validated PDD and validation reporta. Validated PDD and validation reportb. Approval from Japanese Governmentb. Approval from Japanese Governmentc. Approval from Malaysian Governmentc. Approval from Malaysian Governmentd. Formation of project execution teamd. Formation of project execution teame. Technical study on LFG collectione. Technical study on LFG collectionf. Preliminary financial assessmentf. Preliminary financial assessment

Major Achievements by FS by Major Achievements by FS by NEDO ProgramNEDO Program



2. Outline of Project2. Outline of Project


Description of ProjectDescription of Project

1.1. Collection of LFG from closed landfillCollection of LFG from closed landfill

2.2. Power generation by collected LFGPower generation by collected LFG

3.3. CER both from LFG collection & from CER both from LFG collection & from

displacing grid electricitydisplacing grid electricity


Outline of ProjectOutline of Project

ContributionContribution

- Reduction of GHG emissionReduction of GHG emission- Energy recovery from biomass (MSW)Energy recovery from biomass (MSW)- Environment conscious landfill closureEnvironment conscious landfill closure

- Safe & cleaner closure while being stabilizedSafe & cleaner closure while being stabilized




Krubong Landfill Project SiteKrubong Landfill Project Site

Krubong LadnfillKrubong Ladnfill


Krubong LandfillKrubong Landfill

• Major landfill in MelakaMajor landfill in Melaka

• Operational from 1994Operational from 1994

• Scheduled to be closed soonScheduled to be closed soon

• No LFG collection practicedNo LFG collection practiced

• 750 ton of MSW daily750 ton of MSW daily

• Total MSW of 2 million ton Total MSW of 2 million ton



Project Implementation & Credit TransferProject Implementation & Credit Transfer

Electricity Sale

ApprovalGovernment of

Malaysia

CDM Project

Japanese Companies

Government of JapanApproval

Special Purpose

Company

Malaysian Company

CER

Equity

Approval/RegistrationCDM Executive Board

CO2 Credit

Profit



Production Well

Electrical Equipment and Office Building

Gas Engine Generator Facility

LFG Pipe φ300 : 1,024mLFG Pipe φ200 : 1,432mProduction Well

General Arrangement of the FacilitiesGeneral Arrangement of the Facilities



Project PeriodProject Period 10 years10 years CHCH4 4

Daily emission 41,000 – 14,000 m3Daily emission 41,000 – 14,000 m3 Daily collection 15,000 – 5,000 m3 Daily collection 15,000 – 5,000 m3

CO2 Emission ReductionCO2 Emission Reduction

Average annual reduction 60,000 ton CO2eqAverage annual reduction 60,000 ton CO2eq Power GenerationPower Generation 1MW – 500 KW1MW – 500 KW

Project OutputProject Output


Technical StudyTechnical Study

Project ScheduleProject Schedule January, 2005

Approval from Japanese GovernmentApproval from Japanese Government July, 2005

Approval from Malaysian GovernmentApproval from Malaysian Government End of 2005

Registration of CDM Project with CDM EBRegistration of CDM Project with CDM EB Early 2006

Establishment of SPCEstablishment of SPC Middle of 2006 Design and Construction of FacilitiesDesign and Construction of Facilities January, 2007

Commencement of OperationCommencement of Operation



3. Technical Study3. Technical Study- Preliminary Field Study -- Preliminary Field Study -


4. Environment Study4. Environment Study


1. No EIA Required1. No EIA Required• Electricity Generation Capacity < Electricity Generation Capacity <

10MW10MW• Not Solid Waste Treatment Not Solid Waste Treatment

OperationOperation

2. PAT submitted to DOE2. PAT submitted to DOE

Procedure of Environment Impact StudyProcedure of Environment Impact Study

Environment Study


1.1. Air QualityAir Quality• Environment Quality Act 1974Environment Quality Act 1974

SOSO2 2 < 3.5 g/Nm< 3.5 g/Nm33, NO, NO22 < 2.0 g/Nm < 2.0 g/Nm33

• Removal by Gas Dryer SystemRemoval by Gas Dryer System

2.2. NoiseNoise• WHO RecommendationWHO Recommendation

< 65 dB(A) or 55 dB(A) < 65 dB(A) or 55 dB(A) • Generators in ContainersGenerators in Containers

3. Odor3. Odor• Minimized by Soil CoverMinimized by Soil Cover

Conformity with Environmental RegulationsConformity with Environmental Regulations


Environment Study

1.1. Governmental Organizations Governmental Organizations • MHLGMHLG• EPUEPU• City of MelakaCity of Melaka

2. Private Entities Developer near the 2. Private Entities Developer near the SiteSite• Developer near the SiteDeveloper near the Site• Factory Owner near the SiteFactory Owner near the Site

3. Community3. Community• Krubong JKKKKrubong JKKK• Residents of KrubongResidents of Krubong

Stakeholders ListStakeholders List


Environment Study

• All the stakeholders welcome the ProjectAll the stakeholders welcome the Project

• Technology should be transferredTechnology should be transferred

• Future explanation meetings are requested Future explanation meetings are requested when more detailed facility plan becomes when more detailed facility plan becomes available available

Stakeholders’ CommentsStakeholders’ Comments


Environment Study

5. Financial Study5. Financial Study


・・ Electricity by renewable energyElectricity by renewable energy・・ Small scale less than 10MWSmall scale less than 10MW・・ Effective from 2001Effective from 2001 －－ 20052005・・ 5% of total electricity by small renewable 5% of total electricity by small renewable

energyenergy・・ Purchase pricePurchase price ：： RM0.14-RM0.17 per RM0.14-RM0.17 per

1kWh1kWh・・ Partial exemption of import taxPartial exemption of import tax・・ Partial exemption of corporate taxPartial exemption of corporate tax

Electricity Sale in MalaysiaElectricity Sale in MalaysiaSmall Renewable Energy Power ProgrammeSmall Renewable Energy Power Programme

(SREP)(SREP)


Financial Study

Initial CostsInitial Costs

RM 14,200,000.RM 14,200,000. O & M Costs per YearO & M Costs per Year

RM 1,250,000.RM 1,250,000.

Revenue for 10 YearsRevenue for 10 Years

83,000 MWh83,000 MWh

RM 0.17 per KWhRM 0.17 per KWh IRRIRR

Negative ( even for all sensitivity analysis cases)Negative ( even for all sensitivity analysis cases)

Financial StatusFinancial Status without CDMwithout CDM

Financial StudyFinancial Study


Initial CostsInitial Costs RM 14,200,000.RM 14,200,000. O & M Costs per YearO & M Costs per Year RM 1,250,000.RM 1,250,000.

Revenue for 10 YearsRevenue for 10 Years

CER 600,000 tonCER 600,000 ton 83,000 MWh83,000 MWh RM 0.16 per KWhRM 0.16 per KWh

Financial StatusFinancial Status with CDMwith CDM



CER saleCER sale

　　　　　　 sold at marketsold at market

　　　　　　 Japanese Government Purchase ProgramJapanese Government Purchase Program

　　　　　　 Japan Carbon FinanceJapan Carbon Finance CER price (CO2-e)CER price (CO2-e)

　　　　　　 euro17 – euro20 (EU-ETS)euro17 – euro20 (EU-ETS)

$7-$10 (Japanese purchase program)$7-$10 (Japanese purchase program) IRRIRR

7%7%

Financial StatusFinancial Status with CDMwith CDM



6. Actions toward CDM Approvals6. Actions toward CDM Approvals


・・ DNADNA　　　　 Conservation and Environmental Management Div.Conservation and Environmental Management Div. Ministry of Natural Resources and EnvironmentMinistry of Natural Resources and Environment

・・ Technical CommitteeTechnical Committee　　 SecretariatSecretariat ：： Malaysia Energy CentreMalaysia Energy Centre (PTM)(PTM)

・・ National Committee on CDM (NCCDM)National Committee on CDM (NCCDM)　　　　 Relevant agencies & Environment Relevant agencies & Environment NGONGO

・・ Application & ReviewApplication & Review　　 Review of PINReview of PIN －－ Conditional ApprovalConditional Approval　　　　 Review of PDD & validation report - ApprovalReview of PDD & validation report - Approval

CDM Approval Process in MalaysiaCDM Approval Process in Malaysia


CDM ApprovalsCDM Approvals

Approval from MalaysiaApproval from Malaysia

1.1. PIN (Project Idea Note) submitted to DNA(03)PIN (Project Idea Note) submitted to DNA(03)

2.2. Review by Technical Committee(04)Review by Technical Committee(04)

3.3. Recommended to NCCDM(04)Recommended to NCCDM(04)

4.4. Review by NCCDM(06)Review by NCCDM(06)

5.5. Questionnaire from NCCDM(08)Questionnaire from NCCDM(08)

6.6. Response to questionnaire(08/09)Response to questionnaire(08/09)

7.7. Site briefing(09)Site briefing(09)

KAJIMAKAJIMA

Procedure in MalaysiaProcedure in Malaysia

8.8. PDD/validation report submitted to PDD/validation report submitted to DNA(09/10)DNA(09/10)

9. Review by Technical Committee(12)9. Review by Technical Committee(12)

10. Recommended to NCCDM(12)10. Recommended to NCCDM(12)

11. Presentation at NCCDM(03)11. Presentation at NCCDM(03)

12. Questionnaire from NCCDM(04)12. Questionnaire from NCCDM(04)

13. Response to NCCDM(05)13. Response to NCCDM(05)

14. 14. Letter of Approval(07)Letter of Approval(07)KAJIMAKAJIMA

Procedure in MalaysiaProcedure in Malaysia

Approval from MalaysiaApproval from Malaysia

1. SD Policies of the Government1. SD Policies of the Government• Utilization of Renewable EnergyUtilization of Renewable Energy• Development of Renewable Energy IndustriesDevelopment of Renewable Energy Industries• Maximum Use of Local ResourcesMaximum Use of Local Resources• Safety Landfill ClosureSafety Landfill Closure

2. Conditions by CDM EB2. Conditions by CDM EB• Validated by OE(Japan Consulting Institute)Validated by OE(Japan Consulting Institute)

Conformity with National CDM Criteria (1)Conformity with National CDM Criteria (1)(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)



3. Cooperation between Malaysia and Japan3. Cooperation between Malaysia and Japan• Equity ParticipationEquity Participation

4. Technology Transfer Benefits4. Technology Transfer Benefits• Evaluation Method of LFG EmissionsEvaluation Method of LFG Emissions• LFG Recovery/Power Generation SystemLFG Recovery/Power Generation System

5. Direct Benefits towards Achieving SD5. Direct Benefits towards Achieving SD• Utilization of Renewable EnergyUtilization of Renewable Energy• Maximum Use of Local ResourcesMaximum Use of Local Resources• Safety Landfill ClosureSafety Landfill Closure

Conformity with National CDM Criteria (2)Conformity with National CDM Criteria (2)(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)



• Renewable EnergyRenewable Energy

• Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency

ImprovementImprovement

• ForestryForestry

• Waste ManagementWaste Management

• TransportTransport

Examples of CDM ProjectsExamples of CDM Projects(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)(Malaysia CDM Information Handbook)



EpilogueEpilogue


KAJIMAKAJIMA

Global Warming Effects in the NeighborhoodGlobal Warming Effects in the Neighborhood

KAJIMAKAJIMA

Earth in the DarkEarth in the Dark

OUR PLANET


3. Technical Study3. Technical Study- Preliminary Field Study -- Preliminary Field Study -


• Estimation of LFG emission volumeEstimation of LFG emission volume

• Estimation of LFG collection volumeEstimation of LFG collection volume

• Estimation of project sizeEstimation of project size

Purposes of Preliminary Field StudyPurposes of Preliminary Field Study



• Survey of landfillSurvey of landfill

• Experimental wells at landfillExperimental wells at landfill

• Measurements at experimental wellsMeasurements at experimental wells

• Sample of deposited wasteSample of deposited waste

• Chemical tests of waste samplesChemical tests of waste samples

Activities of Preliminary Field StudyActivities of Preliminary Field Study



LFG emission & collectionLFG emission & collection

1)1) LFG emissionLFG emission

Ge=1.868Ge=1.868××C0C0×(0.014××(0.014×dd+0.28)+0.28)

First Order Decay ModelFirst Order Decay Model

　　　　　　 TVTVj =j = ΣΣMiMi × Ge ×× Ge ×kk ×exp{- ×exp{-kk(j-i)}(j-i)}

2) Methane gas emission2) Methane gas emission

MTVj = MTVj = αα× TVj× TVj

3) Methane gas collection3) Methane gas collection CMTVj = CMTVj = ββ× MTVj× MTVj



Time History of LFG GenerationTime History of LFG Generation

01000020000300004000050000600007000080000

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 19961995 1994



Project PeriodProject Period 10 years10 years CHCH4 4

Daily emission 41,000 – 14,000 m3Daily emission 41,000 – 14,000 m3 Daily collection 15,000 – 5,000 m3 Daily collection 15,000 – 5,000 m3

CO2 Emission ReductionCO2 Emission Reduction

Average annual reduction 60,000 ton CO2eqAverage annual reduction 60,000 ton CO2eq Power GenerationPower Generation 1MW – 500 KW1MW – 500 KW

Project OutputProject Output



krubong melaka lfg collection & energy recovery cdm project kozo bando [email protected] kajima...

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