krn: krn: krn: 7777 -...

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348 p\krN: krN: krN: krN: 7 rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct 'k&(r>J Y[n k&(r>J Y[n k&(r>J Y[n k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYimi> mi> mi> mi> ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l p\kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t an[ s>AkZ(t an[ s>AkZ(t an[ s>AkZ(t an[ s>AkZ(t 7.1. 7.1. 7.1. 7.1. p\iAti Ati Ati Ati(vk: 7.2. 7.2. 7.2. 7.2. 'k&(r>J Y[n" 'k&(r>J Y[n" 'k&(r>J Y[n" 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l p mi> ail[Kiy[l p mi> ail[Kiy[l p mi> ail[Kiy[l p\kZ(t: kZ(t: kZ(t: kZ(t: 7. 7. 7. 7.2.1. 2.1. 2.1. 2.1. (nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p (nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p (nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p (nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p\kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: 7.2.2. 7.2.2. 7.2.2. 7.2.2. sip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p sip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p sip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p sip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p\kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: kZ(t (n$pN: 7.2.2.1. 7.2.2.1. 7.2.2.1. 7.2.2.1. p\kZ(tn&> al>kir sj<n oiri (n$pN: 7.2.2.2. 7.2.2.2. 7.2.2.2. 7.2.2.2. p\kZ(tn&> minv)ykrN: 7.2.2.3. 7.2.2.3. 7.2.2.3. 7.2.2.3. p\kZ(t páid`B* tr)k[: 7.2.2.4. 7.2.2.4. 7.2.2.4. 7.2.2.4. p\kZ(t oiri Äykt minv)ni mni[Bivi[: 7.2.2.5. 7.2.2.5. 7.2.2.5. 7.2.2.5. p\kZ(t an[ p\kZ(tni (v(Bºn Av$pi[: 7.3. 7.3. 7.3. 7.3. 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t: 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t: 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t: 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t: 7.3.1. 7.3.1. 7.3.1. 7.3.1. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smij: 7.3.2. 7.3.2. 7.3.2. 7.3.2. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l r)(t-(rviji[: 7.3.3. 7.3.3. 7.3.3. 7.3.3. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[: 7.3.4. 7.3.4. 7.3.4. 7.3.4. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t: 7.3.5. 7.3.5. 7.3.5. 7.3.5. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>F(vVis: 7.3.6. 7.3.6. 7.3.6. 7.3.6. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[: 7.3.7. 7.3.7. 7.3.7. 7.3.7. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[: 7.3.8. 7.3.8. 7.3.8. 7.3.8. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n: 7.4. 7.4. 7.4. 7.4. ups>hir: ups>hir: ups>hir: ups>hir:

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Page 1: krN: krN: krN: 7777 - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18024/12/12_chapter 7.pdf · simiºyr)t[ GTniai[n[ aiFir bniv) pi[tin) jiNkir)ni aiFir[

348

pppp\\\\krN: krN: krN: krN: 7777

rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct ''''k&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[n"""" nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYimi> mi> mi> mi> ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l pppp\\\\kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t

an[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(t

7.1.7.1.7.1.7.1. pppp\\\\iiiiAtiAtiAtiAti((((vvvvkkkk:::: 7.2.7.2.7.2.7.2. 'k&(r>J Y[n"'k&(r>J Y[n"'k&(r>J Y[n"'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l pmi> ail[Kiy[l pmi> ail[Kiy[l pmi> ail[Kiy[l p\\\\kZ(t:kZ(t:kZ(t:kZ(t: 7.7.7.7.2.1.2.1.2.1.2.1. (nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p(nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p(nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p(nrp[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p\\\\kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN: 7.2.2.7.2.2.7.2.2.7.2.2. sip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> psip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> psip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> psip[xr)t[ Yy[l&> p\\\\kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN:kZ(t (n$pN: 7.2.2.1.7.2.2.1.7.2.2.1.7.2.2.1. p\kZ(tn&> al>kir sj<n oiri (n$pN: 7.2.2.2.7.2.2.2.7.2.2.2.7.2.2.2. p\kZ(tn&> minv)ykrN: 7.2.2.3.7.2.2.3.7.2.2.3.7.2.2.3. p\kZ(t páid`B* tr)k[: 7.2.2.4.7.2.2.4.7.2.2.4.7.2.2.4. p\kZ(t oiri Äykt minv)ni mni[Bivi[: 7.2.2.5.7.2.2.5.7.2.2.5.7.2.2.5. p\kZ(t an[ p\kZ(tni (v(Bºn Av$pi[: 7.3.7.3.7.3.7.3. 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t:'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t:'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t:'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy[l s>AkZ(t: 7.3.1.7.3.1.7.3.1.7.3.1. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smij: 7.3.2.7.3.2.7.3.2.7.3.2. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l r)(t-(rviji[: 7.3.3.7.3.3.7.3.3.7.3.3. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[: 7.3.4.7.3.4.7.3.4.7.3.4. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t: 7.3.5.7.3.5.7.3.5.7.3.5. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>F(vVis: 7.3.6.7.3.6.7.3.6.7.3.6. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[: 7.3.7.7.3.7.7.3.7.7.3.7. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[: 7.3.8.7.3.8.7.3.8.7.3.8. 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n: 7.4.7.4.7.4.7.4. ups>hir:ups>hir:ups>hir:ups>hir:

Page 2: krN: krN: krN: 7777 - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18024/12/12_chapter 7.pdf · simiºyr)t[ GTniai[n[ aiFir bniv) pi[tin) jiNkir)ni aiFir[

349

pppp\\\\krN: krN: krN: krN: 7777

rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct rijm kZONn r(ct ''''k&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[nk&(r>J Y[n"""" nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYi nvlkYimi> mi> mi> mi> ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l ail[Kiy[l pppp\\\\kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t

an[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(tan[ s>AkZ(t

7.1: 7.1: 7.1: 7.1: pppp\\\\iiiiAtiAtiAtiAti((((vvvvkkkk::::

t(ml si(hRyx[#i[ an[ t[mi>y[ (vS[P kr)n[ nvlkYini x[#i[ rijm kZONnn&> nim

s&p\(sÜ C[. a[k l[(Kki tr)k[ t[mn&> nim p\Ym hri[Lmi> aiv[ C[. t[ai[ mi#i mi(ht) m[Lv)n[

k[ b)jini an&Bvi[n[ aiFir[ si(hRy rcti nY). smijn&> viAt(vk (n$pN a[ t[mni[ (p\y

(vPy C[ an[ a[mi> pN hi>(syimi> Fk[liE gy[li> up[(xt, ai(dvis), ar·yvis) k[

(g(rjnvis) smijn[ k[ºWmi> riK)n[ t[mN[ an[k nvlkYiai[ aip) C[. j[ smij a[mn)

nvlkYimi> k[ºWAYin[ hi[y C[ t[ smijni li[ki[ siY[ rh)n[, t[mn) rj[rj mi(ht) m[Lv)n[

t[mni an&Bvi[n[ aiRmsit kr)n[ pC) t[ai[ si(hRy rc[[ C[. a[k l[(Kki tr)k[ smijni

vrvi sRyn[ pi[tin) l[KnS]l) oiri aipN) smx liv[ C[ a[ a[mni si(hRyn) (vS[Pti C[.

ah)> aipNi> a¿yismi> a[mn) p\(sÜ nvlkYi 'k&(r>J Y[n" smi(vOT C[ j[ni[ (hºd)

an&vid (vjylÈm) s&>drrijn pis[Y) 'k&(r>J ki Shd" nim[ p\i¼t Yyi[ C[. nvlkYini

k[ºWAYin[ n)l(g(rni phiD) p\d[Si[ an[ a[mi> vsti bDgi ai(dvis) smij C[. j[n[ p\kZ(t

an[ s>AkZ(tni p(rp\[Èymi> ji[vi, smjvini[ an[ m*lvvini[ ai p\krNmi> up\km C[.

t(ml l[(Kki rijm kZONn[ n)l(gr)ni phiD) (vAtirni bDgi ji(tni si>q vP<ni

JvnvZ_ii>tni[ e(this, a[ smygiLimi> bn[l) GTniai[ an[ si>AkZ(tk p(rvt<nn[ ApOT

minv)y Ø(OTki[NY) 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> (n$(pt kr) C[. ai nvlkYimi> p(rvt<n pimit&> gimD&>,

a[ smij, a[ smijn) s>AkZ(t, pr>priai[ tYi m*Ãyi[n&> ail[Kn Yy&> C[. ai p(rvt<nmi>

p\kZ(t, vºysZ(OT, p\ic)n s>AkZ(t, miºytiai[, m*Ãyi[ pr>priai[n) aih&(t aipvimi> aiv) C[.

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350

aizid) mÇyi bid Birtmi> p\jis_iik rijyn) AYipni pC) nv (vkis an[

smijn) p&n$RYinn) (AY(tmi>, bdliti jti simi(jk m*Ãyi[ pr Bir aip)n[ lKiy[l)

nvlkYiai[ trt j ¹yin K[>c[ C[. Avt>#iti pC) pCit vgi[< tYi phiD) jnji(tni (vkis

miT[ srkir[ an[k p\kirn) (v(vF s&(vFiai[ p*r) piD) C[. l[Kki[n&> ¹yin pCit ji(tai[ an[

ai(dji(tai[ trf K[ciy&> C[. t[Y) j t(mlmi> ph[l) vir phiD) li[ki[ni jnJvn pr

simi(jk p(rvt<nni[ p\Biv an[ biH jgtn) aiF&(nktin[ kirN[ b[ p[Q)ai[ vµc[ a>tr

dSi<vti siq vP<ni smyn) pZOqB*(m pr di[riy[l&> si>AkZ(tk (c#i 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[Kiy&> C[.

simiºyr)t[ GTniai[n[ aiFir bniv) pi[tin) jiNkir)ni aiFir[ nvlkYi lKti

l[Kki[ krti rijm kZON alg C[: ''enk[ hr upºyis k) pZOqB*(m (Bºn h] ai]r x[#i-p(rv[S B) nyi

h]. v[ vh)> jikr, brsi[> un li[gi[> k[ siY rhkr, uns[ (mlkr x[#i)y an&s>Fin kr upºyis (lKt) h]>.""1111

'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> n)l(gr)n) pvt<miLiai[mi> rh[ti 'bDgi" ji(tni li[ki[n&> Jvn (c(#it C[.

ti[ a[mn) b)J nvlkYi 'vl]krm" gi[vi-m&(kt s>g\im pr aiFi(rt C[. a[j r)t[ 'm&Ãl&m

mlrºdd&" c>bl GiT)ni Dik&ai[ pr, 'aºnyr B*(m" si[(vy[T r(Syin) m(hliai[ni Jvn

pr, 'k*T`T* k&>j&kk" (Svkis)ni (dvisL)ni krKiniai[mi> kim krti biL mj*ri[n) d&d<Si pr,

'k(r¼p* m(Lkl`" m)qini K[tri[mi> kim krti mj*ri[n) (AY(t pr, 'al]viyk` kr](yl`"

miC)miri[ni Jvn pr an[ 'mÇLk_i& p*ºY&(lkl" m&dr] (jÃlini u(slÀpÍ) (vAtirmi>

nvjit (SS& ji[ Ci[kr) hi[y ti[ a[n) hRyi kr) niKvin) k\*rti pr aiFi(rt nvlkYiai[ C[.

mh[nt krnirn&> Jvn srs hi[y C[-l[(Kkin) aiv) ap[xi j a[mn) rcniai[n[ ~[Oq bniv[

C[. li[ki[n) siY[ hLti-mLti a[mn) bi[l), s>Akir, Fm<, JvnS]l) j[v) bF) bibti[n[

a[mN[ pi[tin) nvlkYiai[ni mi¹ymY) p\gT kr) C[. n)l(gr) phiDi[ pr vsti 'bDgi"

(g(rjni[ni Jvnn[ minv)y Ø(OTki[NY), U>DiN p*v<k, ApOT $p[ p\AtZt krnir p\Ym t(ml

nvlkYi C[ 'k&(r>J Y[n."

Birtn[ Avit>#iti mÇyi> bid d[Smi> (SxN an[ (vXinni x[#imi> Yy[li (vkisi[,

li[ki[ni Jvn-Atrni[ (vkis, bFin[ simiºy an[ p\iY(mk s&(vFiai[n) upl(¾F an[

vihnÄyvhirni siFini[ni (vkisn) siY[ siY[ d[Sni (v(Bºn x[#ii[mi> phi[>cvin) s&(vFiai[

Page 4: krN: krN: krN: 7777 - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18024/12/12_chapter 7.pdf · simiºyr)t[ GTniai[n[ aiFir bniv) pi[tin) jiNkir)ni aiFir[

351

UB) YE. ai bF) s&(vFiai[ (g(rjni[-ai(dvis)ai[ s&F) pN phi[>c) an[ a[ni kirN[

a[mnimi> aiv[l&> p(rvt<n, a[ kirN[ UBi Yti ai>tr-biH s>GPi[<, a[ni[ Av)kir krt) y&vi

p[Q) an[ a[ni[ (vri[F krti vZÜi[, a[ kirN[ uRpºn s>GP<-o>o vg[r[n&> (c#iN 'k&(r>J Y[n"

nvlkYin) pZOqB*(m bn) C[. ai nvlkYimi> n)l(gr)n) pv<tmiLiai[mi> vsti bDgi

jnji(tni Jvnni pi>c k&>(rJ {siq vP<}ni[ e(this, a[ smygiLimi> GT[l) bn[l),

si>AkZ(tk p(rvt<n vg[r[ bibti[n[ sci[T an[ mi(m<k s>vid tYi nv)n S]l)mi> K*bj s&>dr

r)t[ (c(#it krvimi> aiv) C[.

nvlkYini[ air>B 'kZONn" an[ (l>g]yini BiEni p&#i 'r>gn"n) kYiY) Yiy C[.

kZONn an[ ji[g)n[ sjjn Äy(ktni $pmi> (c(#it krvimi> aiÄyi C[. sim*(hk (vkis an[

sºminni[ (vri[F krnir a[k d&OT pi#i 'r>gn" pN C[ j[ pC)Y) h&ÃlDi[mi> mZRy& pim[ C[.

miT)n) mh[k dSi<vvi miT[, mh[ntn) g(rmi btivvi miT[ mh[nt&> li[ki[ni p\(t(n(Fni $pmi>

(l>g]yi, ji[g) an[ pi$n) sZ(OT UB) krvimi> aiv) C[. ai nvlkYini[ uÑ[Æy viti< kh[v) k[

smy (vtivvi miT[ viti< lKv) a[vi[ nY) pN biH jgtmi> YE rh[li simi(jk

p(rvt<nn) siY[ bdliti p(rv[S an[ s>Akiri[n[ p\(t(b(b>t krvin&> a[n&> m&²y lÈy C[. ''m]>

ails) k) s>p(_i h*>" --- es trh jhi>-thi> pD) b>jr B*(m, mi(lki[> k[ g&Ni[> ki bKin kr rh) Y).""2222

nvlkYimi> aivt&> ai viky gr)b)mi> mh[nt krti li[ki[n) m(hmi an[ aiLs&> bn)n[

BTkti rh[ti li[ki[n) l(Fmi> r>gnn) Ø(OTY) l[(Kki dSi<v[ C[.

bDgi li[ki[ni p(rvirn&> Jvn mh[nt an[ mj*r)n&> Jvn C[. A#i)-p&$P b>n[ kim

kr)n[ p(rvir cliv) Sk[ C[. K*b mh[nt kyi< pC) ji[g) an[ kZONnni p(rvirn[ smZÜ Yti

dSi<Äyi C[. b>n[ p(rviri[mi> A#i)ai[n[ mh[nt& btiv) C[. a[ni (vri[Fmi> aiLs&>, rkzk

krnir), EPi<L&, b)jin[ C[tr)n[ a[n) (n>di kr)n[ pi[tin) ayi[³yti an[ EPi<n[ dSi<vnir,

b)jin) p\g(t ji[Ea[ d&:K) Yt) A#i)ni $pmi> r>gnn) si]t[l) mi>n&> (c#iN Yy&> C[. ah)>

mh[ntY) Jvvin) rih diKvnir Frt)n[ Ci[D)n[ jvin) a[mn) a(nµCi sci[T r)t[ zlkiy

C[. l[(Kkia[ mh[nt kr)n[ Jvnirni[ pi[tin) j B*(mmi> a>t btiÄyi[ C[. simiºy r)t[

mh[nt&> bDgi sm*hmi> A#i)ai[n[ uµc AYin mL[ C[. t[vi[ fkt mh[nt& j nY) hi[t), pr>t&

Page 5: krN: krN: krN: 7777 - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18024/12/12_chapter 7.pdf · simiºyr)t[ GTniai[n[ aiFir bniv) pi[tin) jiNkir)ni aiFir[

352

p(rvir $p) vZxni m*L)yin) rxi an[ a[ni s>vF<mi> pN a[mn) mh_vp*N< B*(mki hi[y C[.

p(t-pRn)n) s>y&kt mh[nt oiri j p(rvirn) s&K-smZ(Ümi> vFiri[ krvi[ a[ bDgi smijn)

JvnFiri C[. a[k nSiKi[r, kimci[r, aiLs&> an[ di$mi> p]si bgiDnir, pi[tin)

jvibdir)ai[ an[ kt<ÄyY) Bignir bipni $pmi> an[ p(rvirn[ (vniSni Ki[L[

phi[>ciDnir Äy(ktni $pmi> r>gnni (pti, a[n) sivk) mi, an[ r>gnn&> (c#iN Yy&> C[.

bDgi sm&diymi> l³n an[ p(rvir p\Ry[n) myi<di an[ mh[ntn) mh_iin[ dSi<vvimi>

aiv) C[. siY[ j, p(rvir an[ nir)n&> m*Ãy, smijni (vkismi> a[ni[ fiLi[ ji[E Skiy C[.

t(ml nvlkYiai[mi> sdi nir)ji(tn&> sic&> ail[Kn krnir g·yi-giqyi nir) (c>tki[

{Feminist}mi> rijm kZONnn&> p\m&K AYin C[.

bDgi sm&diyni[ ph[li[ y&vk kZONn Sh[r jEn[ a>g\[J (SxN m[Lv[ C[. (SxN[ a[ni

Ø(OTki[Nn[ (vSiL bniÄyi[. biH jgtn) (vkisS)l yi[jniai[ni[ upyi[g kr) pi[tini

sm&diyni li[ki[ni kÃyiNn[ j pi[tin&> ¹y[y min[ C[ an[ a[j ud`[Æyn) p*(t< miT[ stt

p\yRnS)l C[. bFi p\Ry[ udir Ø(OT, bFi siY[ (m#iti, An[hY) bFin[ siY[ lEn[ cilvin)

Bivni a[ni[ AvBiv C[.

r>gn ninpNY) mh[nt krvimi> minti[ nY). pi[tin) pZOqB*(m, p(r(AY(t an[

mh[nt-mj*r) krnir pi[tini smijni r)(t-(rviji[ p\Ry[ a[n[ FZNi C[, p>rt& s>p(_i B[g)

kr), aiF&(nk s&K-sgvDi[Y) Jvn Jvvi miT[ vF&mi> vF& Fn B[g& krvin) a[n) t)v\ EµCi

C[. a[ni miT[ a[N[ j[ mig< ps>d kyi[< a[ Ki[Ti[ C[. pi[tini Grn) d&d<SiY) t>g aiv) r>gn pN

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f[rvvini[ a>jim a[vi[j YE Sk[ C[ a[v&> l[(Kkin&> minv&> C[. aipNi y&vi smijmi> r>gn j[vi

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uRsvn) K&S)ni $pmi> Av)kir)n[ p\sºn Yti li[ki[ni[ mni[Ãlis nvlkYini a>tmi> p(rl(xt

Yiy C[. nvlkYimi> l[(Kkia[ S]l) an[ pi#ii[ni s>vidmi> bDgi vg<n) bi[l)ni[ Kp p*rti[

upyi[g pN kyi[< C[ j[ nvlkYini vitivNn[ shj bniv[ C[.

ai nvlkYimi> bDgi li[ki[ni Jvnni k[Tliy pi(rvi(rk, simi(jk an[ Fi(m<k

r)(t-(rviji[ (vAtirY) ail[Kiyi C[. aimini GNi (rviji[ vPi[<Y) a[mn) vµc[ (vwmin C[.

kYivAt&mi> ail[Kiy[li siq vP<ni smygiLimi> Yy[li biH jgtni p(rvt<ni[, y&vi vg<mi>

vF[l&> (SxNn&> p\miN, kiLck\ni frvin) siY[ r)(t-(rviji[mi> aiv[l p(rvt<ni[, minvni

prAprni s>b>Fmi> pD[l) (triDi[, Ki[Ti ai>Dbri[ni[ (vri[F kr) y&vi vg< oiri j*ni (rviji[mi>

aiN[l p(rvt<ni[ vg[r[n&> s&>dr ail[Kn Yy&> C[. ai nvlkYi t(mln) j n(h pN Birt)y

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ah)> aipN[ aipNi a¿yisni Big $p[ aivti p\kZ(t (n$pNni[ (vgt[ a¿yis

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'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> ail[K[ C[ n)l(gr)ni phiD) p\d[Sni li[ki[n&> Jvn, a[mni smij an[

s>AkZ(tmi> siq vP<ni giLimi> aiv[l&> p(rvt<n ail[Knni k[ºWmi> C[. ai ail[Knn) siY[

siY[ nvlkYikir ai p\d[Sn) p\kZ(tn&> ail[Kn krvin&> pN B*lti nY).

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nvlkYikir jNiv[ C[. ai (vAtir k[vi[ C[ t[ (vS[ ail[Kti nvlkYikir kh[ C[: ''etni h)

nh)>, jb s*rt nh)> hi[ti tB) riti[> m[> biF, Bil* ai]r j>gl) s*ar (vcrt[ h]. y[ s*ar unk[ K[ti[> ki niS

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b>jr B*(m, mi(lki[> k[ g&Ni[> ki bKin kr rh) Y).""5555

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(ctir mL) rh[ C[. K[t) krti li[ki[a[ pi[tini K[trmi> rh[li UBi pikn[ bcivvi miT[ ri#i[

pN K[trmi> mi>Dvi[ bniv)n[ rh[v&> pDt&> ht&>.

phiDi[ pr K[trn) rK[viL) krti (l>g]yini m&K[ nvlkYikir svirn&> ØÆy (c(#it kr[

C[: ''p*rb (dSi k[ Gn[ j>gli[> s[ hi[kr s*rj d[vti s>sir k) p\d(xNi k[ (lE (nkl gE Y[‘‘‘ Upr S)l

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ki pili, ai[s k[ siY Frt) mi> AvNi<B BiAkr ki[ d[K, p&Opi[> k) p>K&(Dyi> Ki[l, ain>d s[ m&Akrit)

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kr[ C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''(k>t& apn) jºmB*(m k[ y[ phiD B) (nt nE $p Frt[ h]> n! enki

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Ø(OTa[ (vkis a[ Sh[r) s¿ytin) Ø(OTa[ Yy[l (vkis C[ j[ ah)>ni phiD) (vAtirni li[ki[mi>

ji[vi mLti[ nY). an[ a[ni miT[ a[ ai ar·yB*(mn) s&>drtin[ gN[ C[ k[ j[n[ Ci[D)n[ a[vi[

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p(r(AY(tni[ (ctir aipti nvlkYkir ail[K[ C[: ''grm) ai]r F*p Ymkr hÃk) hi[ c&k) Y).

F*p, h(ryil) ai]r bhir (mlkr s&>dr r>gi[l) bni rh) Y). gvn<r hiUs k[ simn[ n)l[ r>g k[ f*li[> s[ ld[

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miT[ l[Kk p\kZ(tni[ aiFir l[ C[.

bir-bir vPi[< pC) ci[misin) S$aitmi> r>gn pi[tin gimmi> piCi[ fr[ C[ Ryir[

l[Kk p\kZ(tni Ki[Limi> smiy[li a[ phiD) (vAtirn) p\kZ(tn&> ail[Kn kr[ C[: ''Shr s[ di[ m)l

k) s)mi pir krt[ h) q>D) hvi bhn[ lg). Bir) vPi< k[ aisir njr aiE."" aigL l[Kk (n$p[ C[:

''(bjl) cmk) ai]r bidl grj[‘‘‘ ‘‘‘ (jtn) t[j) s[ bi(rS aie<, utn) h) t[j) s[ hvi m[> (mÍ) k) g>F

Brkr Ym B) ge<. vh (fr cln[ lgi. UbD-KibD riAt[ pr clt[ h&E usn[ d[Ki (k kh)>-kh)> bi(rS

nh)> h&e< h]. s*K) Thn), p_i[ ai]r s*K) (mÍ) Ek-d&sr[ s[ (hl-(ml gE Y[.""11111111 l[Kk ah)>

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(nrp[xBiv[ p\kZ(tn&> (n$pN kr[ C[. r>gn pi[tini gim jvi (nkL[ C[ an[ rAtimi> phi[>cti

j vrsidn&> aigmn Yiy C[. vrsid aiv[ C[ an[ trt b>F pN Yiy C[. zrmr pD[li

vrsidY) miT)n) s&g>F ci[m[r p\sr) jiy C[.

ai ci[misimi> p\kZ(tni b)ji a[k $pn&> (n$pN krti l[Kk kh[ C[: ''s*rt n[ apn)

(krN[> sm[T l) Y), pv<t pr a>F[r[ k) cidr (bC rh) Y). bi(rS hi[n[ s[ B*(m q>D) hi[ ge< Y)‘‘‘""12121212

s*yi<Atn) v[Lia[ p\kSn) (krNi[ m>d pDti pv<t pr a>Fi$ f[livi li³y&> ht&> an[ vrsid

YviY) vitivrNmi> q>Dk p\sr) gE ht). aim, l[Kk ci[misin) ät&ni p\kZ(t si]>dyn[

ail[K[ C[.

m>(drmi> bir vP<n) s[vimi> lig[l ji[g) m>(drn) s[vin) avF) p*r) kr) Gr[ aiv[ C[.

a[ni (pti (bmir)Y) (pDiy C[. a[n) dvi l[vi miT[ a[ k&r&Àbri[n) vAt)mi> jvi n)kL[ C[

kirN k[ a[mn[ lig[ C[ k[ ji[E jid&-Ti[niY) a[ni (pti (pDiy C[. k&r&Àbri[ ji(tni li[ki[

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krti[ aigL vF[ C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''j>gl ki riAti bdli nh)> Yi, (k>t& b>jr jm)n ki[

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upri>t cini Ci[Dviai[ pN ugiDvimi> aiÄyi hti. nvlkYikir aigL ail[K[ C[: ''di[ni[>

phiDi[> k[ b)c k&mr) mi> aiD)-(trC) airim s[ bh rh) Y). us p\vih k) s&>drti ki[ siri (dn d[K skt[

h]>. Qlini[> pr zi(Dyi> ai]r k>T)l[ j>gl Y[. sigi]n ai]r kcnir k[ p[D yhi>-vhi> f*li[> s[ ld[ Y[. hr trf

m[ri h) bi[lbili h]-es trh ciri[> trf k&(r>j) k[ n)l[ p&Op (Klkr CiE h&E Y[.""14141414 k&mr) nd)n[

minv)ni $pmi> ji[E C[ an[ t[ phiDi[ vµc[ airim krt) n hi[y a[m kÃp[ C[. phiDni QLivi[

pr j>gl) an[ ki>TiLi zi>Dviai[ hti. sig an[ kcnir {a[k jitni vZx}ni vZxi[ f*li[Y)

lc[li hti. cir[bij& mir) j bi[lbili C[ a[m ci[trf k&(r>Jni aikiS) r>gni f*li[ K)l[li

hti.

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m&SLiFir YE rh[l) vPi<Y) pi$ (c>(tt C[. a[vi smy l[Kk p\kZ(tni[ m(hmi a[ni

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sir[ j)vi[> ki[ apn[ m[> sm[T B) l[g)."" Frt)ni[ ai m(hmi C[. a[j aipNn[ Jvn aip[ C[.

anij aip[ C[ an[ a>t[ t[ni Ki[L[ j aipN[ smiy jEa[ C)a[. a[ j viAti(vkti C[, a[

j aiFir C[.

a>Firin[ hTiv)n[ ajviL& p*r&> piDti s*yi[<dyn&> (n$pN krti l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''Gn[

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an[ f*ln) kL) a[ bFi aizid) k[ Avt>#itini p\t)ki[ bn) rh[ C[.

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Y).""16161616 tiv aiÄyi bid j[m miNsn) JB Avid (v(hn bn) jiy C[ an[ fr) piC) Avidn[

g\hN krt) Yiy C[, j[m jj<(rt Sr)rmi> nvi[ li[h)ni[ s>cir Yiy C[ t[m j ah)> p\kZ(tmi>

pN kDkDt) q>D) bid p\kZ(t-d[v) l)l)Cm YEn[ pi[tini $pn[ (nKir) rh) ht).

ai m*Êml]mi> mimini Gr[ rh) a[n) K[t) krti ji[g)n) ai>K[ ah)>n) p\kZ(tn&>

(n$pN krti l[Kk[ ail[K[ C[: ''Ek trf sim] ai]r g[h*> k) h(ryil) ai>Ki[ ki[ S)tlti p\din kr rh)

Y) ti[ d*sr) trf jm)n s[ uKiDn[ k[ (lE t]yir ail* k[ p_i[ pkkr s*K gE Y[ ai]r mn ki[ p*N< s>t&(OT d[

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ji[g)n) ai>Ki[n[ S)tlti p\din krti hti. kirN k[ a[n) mitZB*(mmi> ti[ hv[ p(rvt<n aiv)

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aivi vitivrNmi> ji[g) kE r)t[ Jv) Sk[ kirN k[ ji[g) ti[ p\kZ(tn&> s>tin C[, Frt)n&> s>tin

C[. K[tri[ni Ki[L[ an[ K&Ãli aikiS h[qL a[N[ pi[tin&> Jvn (vtiÄy&> C[.

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b[üi (SKr pr ph&>c gyi Yi. (nm<l aikiS $p) tilib m[> j]s[ hjiri[> tir[ bµi[> k) trh K[l rh[ Y[.""18181818

aigLn&> vN<n ji[Ea[ ti[: ''rit (nm<l nh)> Y). q>D nim k[ z)n[ kpD[ m[> apn[-aipki[ (CpiE h&E

pv<t-kºyi m*k KD) Y).""19191919 upri[kt vN<ni[mi> l[Kk p\kZ(tn&> al>kir sj<n miT[ upyi[g kr[

C[. aikiSn[ tLiv an[ tiriai[n[ a[mi> rmti biLki[n) j[m kÃp[ C[ ti[ pv<tn[ kºyini $pmi>

j*a[ C[.

r>gnni Sh[r Big) jvini b[ vP< bidn) ai phiD) (vAtirmi> aiv[l vs>tni

aigmn[ p\kZ(t j[ nvi[ SNgir sjyi C[ t[ni[ (ctir aipti l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''ri[g) k[ Sr)r

m[> nE r±t-s>cir hi[n[ k) trh s*K[ p[Di[> pr ne< ki[>pl[> f*T)>. sigr k[ us pir s[, (vd[S s[ li]Tt[ pilk

ki Avigt krn[ uRsih s[ di]Dt[ Ci[T[ bµci[> k) trh ne< Gis lhlhin[ lg).""20202020 nvlkYikir ah)>

p\kZ(tmi> aiv[li nvi p(rvt<nn[ dSi<v[ C[. a[k r)t[ ji[Ea[ ti[ al>kir sj<n miT[ p\kZ(tni[

ah)> upyi[g krvimi> aiÄyi[ C[.

ai phiD) (vAtirmi> k&(r>Jni p&Opi[ (KÃyi C[. a[ smy[ p\kZ(tn) Si[Bi avN<n)y C[.

nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''birh vP< m[> Ek bir, yi]vn k[ ai>gn m[> p\v[S krt) (kSi[r) k) trh, vs>t

ât& m[> ljikr, ai>K[> m)>ckr vnd[v) k) trh, n)l vN< k) mi[(hn) k) trh, aikiS k) p\[(mki k) trh,

vh phiD) p\d[S si]>dy< s[ p(rp*N< h&ai Yi.""21212121 l[Kk ah)> upmiai[ni[ upyi[g kr[ C[. p\kZ(tn)

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si]>dy<l)lini anºy C[. a[N[ j[ nvi $pr>g Fyi< C[ a[n[ miT[ nvlkYikir upri[kt (v(vF

$pi[ni $pmi> j*a[ C[. ah)> nvlkYikir al>kir sj<n miT[ p\kZ(tn&> (n$pN kr[ C[.

bir vP< s&F) m>(drn) s[vimi> lig[l ji[g) a[k (dvs m>(drn) bij&mi> pi[t[ sif-

sfiE kr[l K[trmi> kim kr[ C[ Ryir[ nvlkYikir p\kZ(tni si]>dy<n&> (n$pN krti ail[K[ C[:

''g&lib-jl (CDkn[ k) trh aikiS s[ f&hir[> pD rh) Y)>. s*rj k) mZd&l h>s), q>D) hvi c>vr D&likr

c]#i k[ aigmn k) s*cni d[ rh) Y). Fin k) ki[ml bi(lyi[> m[> (ktn) cmk-dmk ai]r tijg) Y)! (mÍ)

fi[Dkr fsl k) jDi[> s[ pin) c*s l[t) j>gl) zi(Dyi[> ki[ uKiDkr ji[g) n[ d*r f[>ki.""22222222 (SyiLin)

ät&ni p\kZ(tni $p-r>gn) cci< ah)> l[Kk kr[ C[. s*rjni k&mLi tDkin[ l[Kk g&lib-jL

siY[ srKiv[ C[. aim l[Kk al>kir sj<n miT[ p\kZ(tni[ upyi[g kr[ C[. ji[g)ni[ Frt) mi

siY[ni[ lgiv (vS[ l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''sbs[ bD) Ek ai]r s>p(_i us[ bibi s[ (ml) Y)- vh Y)

usk[ tn-mn m[> bs) (mÍ) k) cih. anjin[ m[> h) vh us piS m[> b>F gyi Yi.""23232323 ji[g)n[ p\kZ(tn)

miyi lig) C[ an[ a[ t[n[ pi[tini (ptiY) virsimi> mL) C[. ji[g) m*L p\kZ(tn&> s>tin C[.

p\kZ(tY) a[ d*r jE Skti[ nY) j[n) ni[>F l[Kk[ ah)> aip[ C[.

migSr m(hnin) svir[ p\kZ(tn) k[v) Si[Bi C[ t[ vN<vti l[Kk kh[ C[: ''miG mh)n[ ki

s&KD a$Ni[dy‘‘‘ aikiS m[> ¶yi[(t-m(N k) trh ciri[> trf n)li r[Sm) vA#i f]likr mF&r m&AkrihT

(CTkiti h&ai s*rj nvy&vk k) trh n)l(g(r m]yi ki[ d[Kn[ ai gyi. pv<t-m]yi ki[ B) us ¶yi[(tm<y

niyk ki[ d[Kn[ m[> ±yi km K&S) hi[ rh) Y)? mi[(tyi[> k) mili ai]r p&Op-g&µCi[> s[ sj) s&>dr) A#i)-s) sir)

rit j]s[ vh apni ~Z>gir krt) rh) hi[.""24242424 nvlkYikir p\kZ(tni t_vi[n&> minv)ykrN kr[ C[.

s*rj nvy&vk C[ ti[ n)l(g(r pv<tmiLi a[k A#i) C[. j[ svir[ aivnir s*rjn[ ji[vi miT[

ritBr SZ>gir krt) rh) C[. aigL ail[K[ C[: ''rit m[> phn[ mi[(tyi[> ki[ hr) d*bi[> m[> (bKrkr,

e>WFn&P k[ s¼tr>gi[> ki vN<jil b&nkr, h)r[ k[ nE r[Si[> k) trh phiD k[ (SKri[> s[ zrni[> k) p\kiSmy

Firiai[> k) cmk ai]r r>g-(br>g[ p&Opi[> k) m&AkrihT k[ siY KD) p\kZ(t‘‘‘ ±yi us si]>dy< ki vN<n (kyi

ji skti h]? vPi< ai]r S)t s[ stiE gE mi]sm oiri (fr s[ p\kZ(t pr (vjy pin[ k) trh p\kZ(t mi>

ait&rti s[ (dnkr k) ai]r d[K miG mis k[ aigmn k) s*cni d[ rh) Y). l* k) trh vt&<likir bht)

viy&, n&k)l[ p_i[ vil[ U>c[ p[D ai]r kp*r k[ vZx‘‘‘ aips m[> (mlkr p\sºn hi[ rh[ Y[.""25252525 nvlYikirn)

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kÃpnin) pi>K ah)> (vAtr) C[. ri(#ini tiriai[n[ a[ mi[t) siY[ srKiv[ C[, k[ j[ (dnkrni

aigmY) (vK[riy gyi C[. EºWFn&Pni s¼tr>gi[ni vN<jiL bniv), phiD prY) pDti

zrNi>ai[n) cmk siY[ p\kZ(t UB) ht). S&> aivi ØÆyn[ vN<v) Skiy? a[m nvlkYikirn[

p\â Yiy C[. vPi< an[ q>D)Y) stiviy[l) p\kZ(t fr)Y) s*rj trf ji[E migSr misni

aigmnn) s*cni aip) rh) ht). ar·ymi> f[liy[li vZxi[ Ti[c[ a[kb)jin[ mL) p\sºn YE

rHi hti a[m nvlkYikirn[ lig[ C[.

aPiQ m(hnini ri(#in&> (n$pN krti nvlkYikir vN<v[ C[: ''pv<t-s&>dr) ki[ (ngln[ k[

(lE tRpr aiPiQ k[ kil[ B*ti[> j]s[ m[G us rit apn) eµCi s[ Gr, gl), phiD (ks) k) B) prvih n

krk[ t[j hvi k[ v[g k[ siY eFr-eFr t[j) s[ G*m rh[ Y[. d&K) pv<t-kºyi Tp-Tp ai>s* bhi rh) Y).

d*j ki ci>d es ÑÆy ki[ d[K n ski ai]r (Cp gyi.""26262626 aPiQ mismi> umT) aiv[li kiLi B*t

j[vi vidLi[ pi[tin) EµCi p\miN[ Gr, gl) an[ phiD ki[En) pN prvi n krti aim t[m

fr) rHi> C[. aivi smy[ pv<t kºyi d&:K) C[. b)jni[ c>Wmi> pN ai ØÆyn[ ji[E n Skti pi[t[

C*piy gyi[ a[m nvlkYikirn[ lig[ C[.

al>kir sj<n miT[ p\kZ(tni[ upyi[g nvlkYikir kr[ C[: ''ci>d) k[ tiri[> k) trh bi(rS hi[

rh) Y) ai]r pin) bh rhi Yi.""27272727 vrsti vrsidn[ l[Kk ci>d)ni tiriai[ siY[ srKiv[ C[.

7.2.2.2: 7.2.2.2: 7.2.2.2: 7.2.2.2: pppp\\\\kZ(tn&> minkZ(tn&> minkZ(tn&> minkZ(tn&> minv)ykrN:v)ykrN:v)ykrN:v)ykrN:

nvlkYini air>Bmi> j ji[Ea[ ti[ ''Ek nºh[ (SS& k[ jºm k[ bid mitZRv k) ne< ki>(t s[

y&±t p\sºnvdni jnn) k) trh, vh phiD di[phr k) us n)rvti m[ tºmy Yi. us phiD) p\d[S m[> birh

vPi[< m[> Ek bir (Kln[ vil[ n)l[ k&(r>j) k[ (Kln[ ki smy Yi.""28282828 nvlkYikir minv)ykrN krti

p\kZ(tn[ a[k nvjit biLkn) jnn)ni $pmi> ail[K[ C[. j[m a[k mi n[ pi[tini nvjºm[li

biLkn[ ji[En[ j[ ain>d Yti[ hi[y C[, j[ p\sºnti a[ni m&K[ pr Cvit) hi[y C[ t[v) j

p\sºnti ah)> bpi[rn) n)rvtimi> phiDn) pN C[ kirN k[ ai phiD) p\d[Smi> bir vP[<

(Klti k&(r>Jni f*li[ni[ ai (Klvini[ smy C[.

ah)>ni p\d[Sni li[ki[ mi[T[Big[ K[D*t C[. K[t)ni Äyvsiy siY[ s>kLiy[li C[. a[mni

K[trimi> bTiki an[ m*Li j[vi SikBiJ ugiDvimi> aiv[ C[. K[tri[mi> f[liy[li ai

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SikBiJni nini-nini Ci[Dviai[n) s&>drtin[ l[Kk k>Ek ai r)t[ rj* kr[ C[: ''l¶ji s[ z&k)

y&vt) k) trh, ji] k) bi(lyi> B*(m k) ai[r z&k) Y)>. (#iki[Nikir K[t m[> G&Tni[> tk uq[ ail* k[ hr[ pi]F[

kZONn k[ nini k(ry mÃlr k[ h]>. pis h) lg) m*l) k) fsl p&OT hi[kr Frt) ki[ fi[Dkr a>dr k) grm)

s[ #iiN pin[ k[ (lE bihr zi>k rh) Y)‘‘‘ us aiytikir K[t m[> f*lgi[B) ai]r p_iigi[B) apn[-apn[ p_i[

vil[ hiYi[> s[ 'm[ri bµci, m[ri bµci" khkr eqlit) h&e< f*l ai]r p_ii[> k) nºh) ki[>pli[> ki[ s*rj k) grm)

s[ bci rh) Y).""29292929 ah)> nvlkYikir p\kZ(tn&> minv)ykrN kr[ C[. a[ upri>t nvlkYikir

al>kir sj<n miT[ pN p\kZ(tn[ Kpmi> l[ C[.

d*F di[hvini p\s>g[ nvlkYikir r>gnni mni[Bivni[n[ Äykt krvi miT[ pN p\kZ(tni[

upyi[g kr[ C[: ''r>gn ki ch[ri aiPiQ k[ aikiS k) trh Yi.""30303030 k-mn[ d*F di[hvin) (vF)mi>

sim[l Yy[li r>gnni Bivi[n[ Äykt krti l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''bidli[> s[ (Gri aikiS FnFi[r vPi<

ki s*ck Yi. shsi s*rj s[ j]s[ vh phiD) p\d[S p\kiSmy hi[ jiti h] v]s[ h) r>gn k[ mn k) (nriSiE>,

(c>tiE> glkr usk[ tn-mn m[> Af*(t< jig ge<.""31313131 aim, ah)> nvlkYikir r>gnni mni[m>Ynn[

Äykt krvi p\kZ(tn[ Kpmi> lE C[.

pinKrmi> s&kiy[li vZxi[n[ nvi pNi[< aiÄyi C[ t[n[ ri[g)ni Sr)rmi> j[m rkt s>cir

YviY) p(rvt<n aiv[ C[ t[n) siY[ srKiv[ C[. a[ upri>t d(ryi pir (vd[SY) aiv[li

pi[tini (ptin[ aivkirvi j[ r)t[ biLki[ uRsih)t hi[y C[ t[ j r)t[ nv&> Gis pN lh[riE

rh[ C[. nvlkYikir aigL ail[K[ C[: ''r>g-(br>g[ f*l Gis k[ b)c s[ zi>k rh[ Y[. Sil)n lDk)

k) trh hÃk) F*P-s) m&Akir rh) Y). di>t (kT-(kTit) q>D ge< ai]r s&Kd vs>t ki mi]sm ai gyi Yi.

p\kZ(t-mi> aipn[ bµci[> ki[ shlit), d&lirt) jhi> d[Ki[ vhi> hr)-Br) pD) Y). j>gli[> m[> z&>D-k[-z&>D

(Skir) (dKie< d[t[. d[vr b[üi (SKr ai]r k&mr) nd) k[ p\vih m[> ain>d Yi.""32323232 m&³Fi (kSi[r)ni

(Amtn) j[m p\kZ(t ah)> (n$piE C[. (vniS an[ sj<n a[ p\kZ(tni b[ $p C[. pinKr

aivti p\kZ(t pi[tini[ j*ni viGi RyJ d[ C[ an[ vs>t aivti a[ fr) nvi[ v[S FirN kr)

ain>d)t YE uq[ C[ j[ni[ (nd[<S nvlkYikir ah)> kr[ C[.

p\kZ(tni rhAymy $pn[ kZONn) ai>K[ (n$pti l[K[k kh[ C[: ''y&gi[> s[ p\t)xi krt) pv<t-

kºyi ki[ birh vP< m[> Ek bir apn[ ai(l>gn m[> Br l[n[ k[ (lE Siyd aikiS-d[v B*(m pr utr aiE Y[.

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ri[mi>(ct hi[t) pv<t-kºyi k[ tn s[ (CTkt[ p&Op-g&µCi[> ki (Klni-±yi yh) us aikiS d[vti ki r>g h]?

birh vP< k) av(F m[> b&nkr n)l[ vA#ii[> s[ s&s(¶jt hi[kr ait) apn) p&#i) k[ siY B*(m d[v) Siyd apn[

dimid aikiS-d[v k) p\t)xi kr rh) Y). m[G k[ ptl[ aivrN m[> (Cp[-aF(Cp[ us si]>dy< pr apn)

(krN[> (bK[rkr s*y< ci[r)-(Cp[ ±yi[> h>s rhi h]?- 'ar) pgl), aikiS nh)>, m]> t[ri p\[m) h*>. m[r[ (bni

aikiS ki ki[e< j)vn nh)> h], m&z[ d[K‘‘‘" khkr Siyd vh m&Akri rhi Yi.""33333333 nvlkYikir ah)>

pv<tn[ a[k kºyini $pmi> rj* kr[ C[. bir vP[< a[k vir a[ kºyin[ ai(l>gn aipvi aikiS

d[v Frt) pr utr) aiÄyi C[. ai pv<t-kºyin) miti C[ Frt). Ryi> s*rj hs[ C[ an[ a[

jiN[ pv<t-kºyin[ n[ kh[ti[ ni hi[y 'ar[ pgl), aikiS nh)>, h*> tiri[ p\[m) C&>. miri vgr

aikiSn&> ki[E Jvn nY), mn[ ji[..." kh)>n[ a[ kdic mlk[ C[. ah)> nvlkYikirn) kÃpnin)

pi>K (vAtr[ C[. a[ p\kZ(tni t_vi[n&> minv)ykrN kr[ C[. a[ upri>t p\kZ(tn&> ai $p rhAymy

pN lig[ C[. kZONn pi[tini[ smy psir krti p\kZ(tni si]>dy<ni[ ain>d l[ C[.

k&mr) nd)mi> Anin krvi aiv[l pi$ an[ a[n) sK)ai[ni vN<n vKt[ l[Kk ai

kºyiai[n[ p\kZ(tni t_vi[ siY[ ji[D[ C[. pi$n[ l[Kk nd) $p) kºyi tr)k[ (ctr[ C[: ''‘‘‘ nd)-

$p) kºyi k[ siY aqK[(lyi> kr rh) Y)>. en s&>(d(ryi[> ki[ d[K Siyd s*rj ki[ B) uRsih ai gyi. bidl

B) apn) cidr hTikr j>gl ai]r phiD s[ hr Ci[T[ gl)-k*c[ s[ apn[ (krN-jili[> k[ oiri us nd)-kºyi

ai]r f*l j]s) un k&mi(ryi[> ki ai(l>gn kr rhi Yi.""34343434 ah)> p\kZ(tn&> minv)krN krti s*rjn[

ai(l>gn krti (n$pvimi> aiÄyi[ C[.

r>gn[ pi[tini Grni ai>gLimi> a[k vZxni[ Ci[D ri[¼yi[ hti[ j[ hv[ vTvZx bn),

pi[tin) SiKiai[ f[liv), fL)-f&l) a[ Grn[ pi[tin) DiL)ai[ni pinY) C*piv) rxN kr) rH&>

ht&>. a[ Grmi> S&> S&> Yiy C[ a[ (vS[ a[ vZxn[ Kbr C[ t[Y) l[Kk ail[K[ C[: '' 'a>dr ±yi hi[

rhi h], yh m]> jinti h*>, (k>t& m&z[ usn[ pili-pi[si h], m&z[ kZt¹n nh)> hi[ni ci(hE." mini[ a>F[r[ m[> vh vZx

sbs[ yh) kh rhi hi[.""35353535 ah)> p\kZ(tni t_vi[n&> l[Kk minv)ykrN krti ji[vi mL[ C[.

mZRy pim[l ji[g)ni (pti (l>g]yini m&Kn&> vN<n krti l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''vh ch[ri ti[

E[si Yi mini[ aB)-aB) pi]F[ s[ ti[Di gyi f*l hi[."" aigL vN<v[ C[: ''pi]F[ s[ ti[D[ f*l k) trh c[hri

z&ki h&ai Yi.""36363636 aim pi#ii[ni Äy(ktRvn[ uFiDvi miT[ pN l[Kk p\kZ(tni[ aiFir l[ C[.

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ai phiD) (vAtirmi> ci[misi bid (SyiLin&> aigmn Yy&> C[ a[n[ vN<vti l[Kk kh[

C[: ''pv<t-(SKri[> ki[ (nglkr ai]r (fr bihr uglkr K[ln[ vil[ bidl pv<t-mi> s[ (vdi l[kr cl[

gE. t*fin) hvi ai]r bi(rS B) us) (dSi m[> cl) ge<. pv<t-mi> Yi[Di aiVAt B) nh)> hi[ pie< Y), es(lE

(S(Sk ki[ d[K us[ aiÅc<y h&ai-'etn) jÃd)?" usk) (nd<yti k[ bir[ m[> ±yi kh[>? riti[>-rit h(ryil) ki[

s&Ki d[gi. (mÍ) s[ (sr uqit[ nºh[ a>k&ri[> ki[ us) xN jli d[gi. usk) (nd<yti s[ p[D apn) ki[>pl[> ai]r

p_ii[> ki[ Ki[kr d)nti s[ KD[ Y[. ci]piy[ s*K) Gis ki[ di>ti[ s[ kiTkr (nriS hi[ jit[ ai]r q>D) si>s

Ci[Dt[.""37373737 vPi<ät&n) (vdiyn) siY[ j (S(Srn&> aigmn Yy&> C[. a[Tl[ pv<t min[ aiáy<

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aigmnY) l)li[tr) s&kiE jiy C[. jm)nmi>Y) f*Tti a>k&r pN niS pim[ C[. a[n)

(nd<ytiY) vZxi[ pi[tini pin K[rv)n[ UBi C[.

aigL l[Kk vN<v[ C[: ''S)t k) uÑ>Dti ai]r kqi[r Sisn s[ sir) rit ai>s* bhit) p\kZ(t-mi>

apn[ niyk s*rj k[ ApS< k[ (lE apn[ (SKri[> k[ siY aikiS k) ai[r d[K rh) Y). us) smy (r±tm

vN< m[> usn[ apni ch[ri (dKiyi (jsk) s&>drti ki[ a(vrim d[Ki ji skti h]. p\t)xi kr-krk[ usk[

dS<n hi[n[ pr usk) s&>drti ki[ cir ci>d lg gE Y[. usk[ p\kT hi[t[ h) (S(Sr d&m dbikr Big KDi

h&ai. us AvN<my p\kiS s[ vh pin)-pin) hi[ gyi.""38383838 l[Kk ah)> pN p\kZ(tn[ Jv>t kÃp[ C[.

(S(Srni kirN[ p\kZ(t mi> aiK) rit pi[tini niyk s*rjni a[k ApS< miT[ (SKri[ siY[

aikiS trf j&a[ C[. a[vi smy[ (rktm vN<mi> a[N[ pi[tini[ ch[ri[ Cti[ kyi[<. j[n) s&>drti

avN<n)y C[. s*rjni p\gT Yvin) siY[ j (S(Srn[ RyiY) Bigv&> pD[ C[.

7.2.2.3: p7.2.2.3: p7.2.2.3: p7.2.2.3: p\\\\kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t kZ(t páidpáidpáidpáid````B* tr)k[:B* tr)k[:B* tr)k[:B* tr)k[:

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m>(drmi> bL pr)xi yi[jiy C[ Ryir[ nvlkYikr p\kZ(t vN<n krti ail[K[ C[: ''us v]Bv ki[

d[Kn[ k[ (lE s*y< B) hÃk) f&hiri[> k[ siY, B)n)-B)n) hvi k[ siY aikiS m[> u(dt hi[ rhi Yi.""39393939 bL

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minv p(r(AY(tni[ (ctir aipvi pN nvlkYikir p\kZ(tni[ ai~y l[ C[. pi#in)

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hi[, vh vh)> KD) rh).""40404040 mid(l>g[Vrni m>(drni uRsv vKt[ a(³n pr cil[li (l>g]yi

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nvlkYikir p\kZ(tni[ ai~y l[ C[.

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l[K[ p\kZ(tni[ aiFir l[ C[. nvlkYikir vN<v[ C[: ''aikiS m[> ki(lmi Y). n bi(rS, n F*p, Si[k

k) cidr (bC) Y).""41414141 k>Ek aS&B YE rH&> C[ a[v&> p\kZ(tni vN<n prY) lig[ C[. a[ni $p-r>g

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t(ml nvlkYi 'k&(r>J Y[n"mi> smijn&> j[ (n$pN ji[vi mL[ C[ t[n[ jiNvi,

smjvini[ p\yRn kr)S&>. d*F di[hvini[ smy ai smijmi> prm p(v#i minvimi> aiv[ C[:

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pr>prin&> (n$pN krti nvlkYi vN<v[ C[: ''p*s mis m[> Ryi[hir k[ bid sbs[ phl[ r>gn ki[ (v(Fvt

d*F d&hn[ k) rAm p*r) krn) pD[g). bid m[> miG k[ S&B (dn m[> mi(d(l>g[Vr m>(dr m[> a(³n pr clkr p(v#i

hi[n[ k[ bid, b&aie< k[ S&B (dn m[> us K[t ki[ B) bi[n[ k[ (lE t]yir krni pD[gi.""59595959 (l>g]yi ah)> d*F

di[hvin) pr>prin[ vFivti r>gn miT[ d*F di[hvin) (v(F p*N< kr) l[vin&> (vcir[ C[ an[ Ryir

bid mi(d(l>g[Vr m>(drmi> a(³n pr cil), p(v#i Yyi bid, BiEni K[trmi> pN K[t)

krvin) t]yir) krv) pDS[ a[m (vcir[ C[.

ai bDgi ji(tni li[ki[mi> j[ Fi(m<k pr>pri C[ a[n&> pN nvlkYikir (n$pN kr[ C[:

''us phiD) elik[ m[> bh&t phl[ bs[ unk[ p*v<j h[t¼pi k) AmZ(t m[> vh m>(dr bni Yi. us ai[r k[ phiD

k[ sB) (nvis) us) pr>pri k[ h]>, E[si (vVis h]. yi]vn k) kim-(l¼si (jsm[> aB) jig) nh)> h], E[si

(kSi[r vy ki bilk h) us m>(dr k) a(³n k) rxi krn[ k[ p&n)t kiy< k[ yi[³y h]. vh a(³n h) m>(dr m[>

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e<Vr h].""60606060 a[ phiD) (vAtirmi> vPi[< ph[li vs[li a[mni p*v<j h[t¼pin) AmZ(tmi> a[ m>(dr

bºy&> ht&>. yi]vnn) kim-(l¼si hj* j[nimi> jig) nY), a[vi[ (kSi[r vyni[ biLk j a[

m>(drn) a(³nn) rxi krvini p(v#i kiy< miT[ yi[³y C[. a[ (nr>tr bLti[ a(³n j EVr C[.

gimni li[ki[ apN<ni $pmi> j[ kE pN m>(drmi> aip[ C[ a[ni[ hkdir a[ biLk C[. Gr, sgi-

s>b>F)ai[ bFin[ B&l)n[ m>(drni a(³nn) rxi krv) a[ j a[n&> a[kmi#i lÈy C[. m>(drn)

a(³nn) rxi krti a[ biLkn[ b)ji kyi> kyi> (nymi[ piLvi pD[ C[ t[ l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''(dn

m[> k[vl Ek bir Bi[jn. KiT-(vAtr ai(d s&K-siFni[> s[ v>(ct rhkr smy (btini pD[gi. Bi[jn B)

Avy> pkini hi[gi. us m>(dr ai]r usk[ p\i>gN s[ bihr kh)> B) vh p*v<s*cni k[ (bni nh)> ji skti.""61616161

fkt a[kTiN&> krv&>, KiTli[-pYir) vg[r[ s&K-simg\)Y) v>(ct rh) smy (vtivvi[ pD[, Bi[jn

pN jit[ bniv)n[ Kiv&>, an[ m>(dr an[ a[ni ai>gNn) bhir ki[EpN p*v<s*cni vgr a[

jE n Sk[. aim, mrgd ml]mi> aiv[li m>(drni EVrn) a(³nn) rxi krnir biLkn[

upri[kt (v(F-(vFini[ piLvi pDti hti.

l³n (vPyk n)(t-(nymi[ ti[ ai smijmi> C[ j pN ai n)(t-(nymi[mi> pN bi>FCi[D

krvimi> aiv[ C[. a[Tl[ k[ C&TCiTn) pN a[mi> ÄyvAYi C[. a[ni (vS[ nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[:

''f*l k) mili bnit[ smy f*l Fig[ s[ alg n hi[ jiE es Dr s[ Fig[ k) mjb&t gi>q ksn[ s[ kB)-

kB) f*l k[ m&rzin[ k) ni]bt ai jit) h], es trh Sid) ki[ kD[ (nymi[> s[ nh)> bi>Fi h]. Fig[ m[> (pri[n[ pr

B) p&Op ki[ ai]r (Klni ci(hE. kºyi (js Gr m[> jiE us[ aibid kr, us p(rvir k) b[l ki[ fli-f*li

rKni h) Sid) ki lÈy h]. es uµci lÈy k) p\i(¼t k[ (lE simi(jk b>Fni[> m[> Yi[D) (Qlie< k) ÄyvAYi

h].""62626262 nvlkYikir f*li[n) miLin&> udihrN aipti kh[ C[ k[ f*li[n) miLini f*l miLiY) C*T&>

n pD) jiy miT[ a[mi> giq mirvimi> aiv[ C[. pN vFir[ mjb*tiyY) ai kiy< krti f*li[

krmivi lig[ C[. ah)>ni smijmi> pN l³n (vPyk (nymi[ kDk ti[ C[ pN a[ kqi[r nY).

a[mi> pN Yi[D) C&TCiTn) ÄyvAYi krvimi> aiv) C[. j[ r)t[ miLimi> pri[Äyi bid pN f*li[a[

vFir[ s&g>F-si]>dy< Ct&> krv&> ji[Ea[ a[ r)t[ kºyi j[ Grmi> jiy a[ Grn[ smZÜ kr), a[

p(rvirn[ By&<>-Bidy&<> riK[ a[ j l³nn&> lÈy C[. ai uµc lÈyn) p\i(¼t miT[ simi(jk

b>Fni[mi> Yi[D) C&TCiT lE Skiy a[n) pN ÄyvAYi ai smij[ riK) C[.

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A#i)ai[ miT[ b)ji[ a[k (nym C[ t[ a[ k[ Bgvinni m>(drni ci[ginmi> k&>vir)

kºyiai[n[ p\v[S (nP[F hti[: ''d[v k[ m]din m[> ain[ ki (nP[F hi[n[ s[, vhi> hi[n[ vil[ (ks) B) v]Bv ki[

kºyiE> nh)> d[K skt)>, es (nym k[ kirN k[vl k&ai>r) kºyiE> us m]din m[> nh)> aie<>.""63636363 aim

k&>vir) kºyiai[n[ m>(drni m[dinmi> p\v[S pr pN p\(tb>F ah)> ji[vi mL[ C[.

ai ar·y (vAtirmi> ki[Eni mZRy&ni[ p\s>g pN uRsvni $pmi> mnivvimi> aiv[ C[.

ai smy[ rsi[En) siY[ siY[ nic-gin pN cilti hi[y C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''Avt>#i

hi[kr j)vn as)m prmiRmi m[> smi jin[ k[ (lE mig< Ki[jkr jiti h]. E[si (vVis krn[ vil[ un li[gi[> k[

(lE Ek b&j&g<, sdicir) ai]r sRp&$P k) mZRy& bD[ ain>d k[ siY ki[lihlp*N< vitivrN m[> mniE jin[

vili uRsv Yi.""64646464 mZRy& bid aiRmi prmiRmimi> smiE jiy C[ a[vi[ (vVis krnir ai

p\kZ(tni s>tini[n[ miT[ a[k vZÜ, sdicir) an[ sRp&$Pn&> mZRy&ni[ p\s>g, K*b ain>d an[

FimF*mY) ujvvimi> aivti[ uRsv hti[. jmNviri[ Yti, nic-gin pN Yti, ai bF&> vPi[<Y)

cil) aivt) p\Yi ht). Sbn[ lE jvi miT[ pN rY bnivvimi> aivti[. ar·y (vAtirmi>

ki[_ir ji(tni li[ki[ g)t-s>g)t, m>gl s>g)t vgiDvin&> kiy< krti>. a[ (vS[ nvlkYikir

ail[K[ C[: '' 'bDgi" li[gi[> k[ jºm, mZRy& j]s[ avsri[> pr un Gri[> m[> jikr m>gl s>g)t bjini Ek

aivÅyk rAm min) jit) h].""65656565 aim 'bDgi" ji(tmi> jºm-mZRy& j[vi p\s>gi[a[ a[mni Gr[ jE

m>gl s>g)t vgiDv&> a[ a[k aivÆyk p\Yi minvimi> aivt). aim (lg]>yini mZRy&ni p\s>gn[

l[Kk[ (vAtirY) ail[²yi[ C[ an[ a[ p\s>gY) ah)>ni ai bDgi ji(tni li[ki[mi> mZRy& (vPyk

j[ j[ r)(t-(rviji[ hti t[n&> p\(t(b>b pD[l&> ah)> ji[E Skiy C[.

A#i) p\Ymvir gB<vt) Yiy Ryir[ m>gls*#i bi>Fvini[ (rvij ah)>ni smijmi>

a(AtRvmi> C[. nvlkYikir vN<v[ C[: ''siFirNtyi jb A#i) phl) bir gB<vt) hi[t) ti[ k$N) kT`T&

k) rAm {m>gls*#i bi>Fn[ k) rAm} Ek p&rin) r)(t Y), (k>t& (l>g]yi n[ apn[ b[T[ k[ (vvih k[ smy h) us

(rvij m[> p(rvt<n kr (dyi Yi. us (dn (g(rj] k[ vF& bnkr, pin) k[ GD[ k[ siY Gr m[> p\v[S krt[ h)

ji[g) n[ usk[ gl[ m[> m>gls*#i phni (dyi Yi.""66666666 bDgi ji(tmi> A#i) p\Ym vKt gB<vt) Yiy

Ryir[ m>gLs*#i bi>Fvini[ (rvij C[. ji[g)n) pRn) (g(rj] jyir[ l³n kr)n[ p\Ym vir a[ni

Gr[ aiv) Ryir[ j (l>g]yia[ ai rAm p*N< kr) d)F) ht).

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mZRy& bid p\iy(át miT[ a>(tm p\iY<ni krvini[ (rvij pN C[. l[Kk vN<v[ C[: ''jb

di[ni[> p(Rnyi[> n[ tYi aºy li[gi[> n[ a>(tm ~Üi>j(l d[ d) ti[ p\iY<ni air>B h&e<. ÆmSin m[> mZtk k[

j)vnkil m[> (kE pipi[> k[ p\iy(Æct k[ $p m[> a>(tm p\iY<ni pQn[ ki (rvij bDgi vg< k[ p\m&K (v(F-

(vFini[> m[> s[ Ek Yi.""67676767 r>gnni mZRy& bid ji[g) an[ kZONni k&T&>bi[ vµc[ cilt) d&ÆmnivTni[

a>t aiv[ C[. vPi[< ph[li siY[ siY[ s>p)n[ rh[ti b>n[ p(rviri[ fr) mL[ C[. r>gnni mZRy& bid

a[n) b>n[ pRn)ai[ tYi b)ji li[ki[ a[n[ a>(tm ~Üi>j(l aip[ C[ an[ p\iY<nini[ air>B kr[

C[. aim a[N[ JvnBr kr[li pipi[ni p\iy(át miT[ b>Dgi ji(tmi> j[ a>(tm p\iY<ni krvimi>

aivt) t[ ah)> krvimi> aiv[ C[. t[n&> (c#i l[Kk ail[K[ C[. aim 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi>

upri[kt r)(t-(rviji[n&> (c#iN Yy[l&> ji[E Skiy C[.

7.3.3: 7.3.3: 7.3.3: 7.3.3: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l miºytiai[:

'k&(r>J Y[n"nvlkYimi> nvlkYikir j[ kE (vciri[ k[ (c>tn rj* kr[ C[ a[ nvlkYikir

ki[Ek vir pi[t[ p\v[S)n[ ti[ ki[Ek vir pi#ini m&K[ rj* krti ji[E Skiy C[. sm&hk&T&>b k[

p(rvirmi> sikLni $p[ rh[li p\[m (vS[ nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''p(rvir k) vZ(Û ki Av$p p\[m

nim k) j)vn-Firi ki[ bQini h], (k>t& usk[ b>Fni[> ki[ dZQ krni B*l jit[ h]>. pi(rvi(rk b>Fn m[> j)vn

ki p\vih n hi[ ti[ y[ b>Fn d&b<l hi[kr (Cºn-(Bºn hi[ jit[ h].""68686868 p(rvirni vZ(Üni Av$p[ p\[m

nimn) JvnFirin[ vFirniri C[. ki]T&>(bk b>Fni[mi> Jvnni[ p\vih n hi[y ti[ a[ b>Fni[

d&b<L YE jiy C[. aigL l[Kk miNsn) mhinti (vS[ kh[ C[: ''Gr ki s>d*k Brn[ k[ (lE ji[

mh[nt krti h], apn[ sdicir s[ ji[ Ci[T[ bµci[> ki[ pr>prigt s>Akir ai]r mh[nt k) (Sxi d[ti h], vh) bDi

h].""69696969 Grn[ smZÜ krvi miT[ j[ mh[nt kr[ C[, pi[tini sdiciri[Y) j[ nini biLki[n[

pr>prigt s>Akir an[ mh[ntn&> (SxN aip[ C[ a[ j mhin C[.

p\g(t miT[ s>ti[P biFi$p C[. a[ (vS[ nvlkYikir kZONnni m&K[ uµcir[ C[: ''yh

s>t&(OT uºn(t k[ mig< m[> biFk h], yh bit kZONn ki[ tb mil*m nh)> Y). '(vkis" j]s[ S¾d pr usn[

si[ci h) nh)> Yi. j)vn m[> (ks) B) c)j ki[ pin[ k) aiki>xi n hi[ni (ktn) h) s&K-s&(vFiai[> s[ uºh[>

v>(ct kr d[ti h]. (lKni-pQni ai]r Xin k) ¼yis m[> (ktni s&K h]! ke< biti[> ki[ s)Kkr ai]r s&nkr

ji[ si[c skti h] vh smy ki[ (ktni upyi[g) bni l[ti h]!""70707070 s>ti[P a[ p\g(t miT[ biFi$p C[.

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Jvnmi> ki[E pN vAt&n[ m[Lvvin) aiki>xi n hi[y ti[ k[Tl)y s&K-sgvDi[-s&(vFiai[Y)

v>(ct rh[v&> pD[ C[. lKv&>-vi>cv& an[ Xinn) trsmi> k[Tl&> s&K C[! k[Tl)y viti[n[ S)K)n[-

si>BL)n[ j[ (vcir[ C[ a[ smyn[ k[Tli[ upyi[g) bniv) l[ C[ a[Tl[ k[ smyni[ sd&pyi[g a[

kr) jiN[ C[.

l³n krvini[ uÑÆy S&> a[ (vS[ni (vciri[ rj* krti nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''(vvih

(ks(lE krt[ h]>? di>pRy j)vn s&K s[ (ml-j&lkr (btini ai]r B*(m ki[ jitkr aºn upjini ci(hE.

bh&t-s[ bµc[ ai>gn m[> K[ln[ ci(hE. ci]piyi[> k) vZ(Û hi[n) ci(hE. es) uÑÆy s[ A#i)-p&$P j)vn-siY)

bnt[ h].""71717171 (vvih kr) di>pRyJvn s&K) rh[, B*(mmi>Y) anij uRpn kr) Sk[, vF& biLki[

Yvi ji[Ea[, d&FiLi p\iN)ai[n) vZ(Ü Yv) ji[Ea[ a[ uÑ[ÆyY) A#i)-p&$P JvnsiY) bn[ C[.

s&K an[ ain>d S&> C[? a[ k[v) r)t[ mL[ C[? a[ (vS[ni pi[tini (vciri[ rj* krti

nvlkYikir vN<v[ C[: ''s&K ai]r ain>d ti[ (bni p\yRn, (bni a(j<t (kE hmir[ siY h) h]. (mÍ) Ki[dt[

v±t, b)j bi[t[ smy, a>k&r (nklkr, pi]F[ k[ bD[ hi[n[ pr jb Fin k) bi(lyi> pkkr z&k jit) h]>, B]>s

d&ht[ v±t jb d*F zig k[ siY Upr-Upr aiti h], yh sb ±yi s&K k) kimni s[ krt[ h]>? nh)>!

kÃyiNkir) y[ kiy< aidt bn gE h]>.""72727272 s&K an[ ain>d vgr p\yRn[ mL) rh[ C[. miT) Ki[dti,

jm)nmi> b)j ai[rt) vKt[, a[ b)j mi>Y) a>k&r n)kL[ Ryir[, a[ K[trni[ pik pik[ Ryir[,

B[>sn&> d*F di[ht) vKt[ vg[r[ kim krt) vKt[ aipNn[ ain>d an[ s&Kn) ligN) ti[ Yiy

C[. pN a[ kiy< aipN[ a[k kimn) Ø(OTa[ kr)a[ C)a[ j[Y) a[n) p\Ry[ aipN[ ¹yin aipti

nY).

Emindir) an[ mh[ntn) g(rmi krti nvlYikir kh[ C[: ''p]si ai]r di]lt bD) c)j

nh)> h]. apn[ hiY s[ b)j bi[ni ai]r (rÆt[diri[> k[ siY p\)(tBi[j Kini h) j)vn h].""73737373 p]si an[ di]lt

j mi[T) vAt& nY). pi[tin) hiY[ jm)nmi> b)j ri[pvi an[ k&T&>b)ai[ siY[ mL)n[ p\)(tBi[j

krv&> a[ j Jvn C[. K[D*tn&> Jvn Frt)ni Ki[L[ v)tt&> hi[y C[. jm)nmi>Y) n)kLti a>k&r

a[n[ a[ni biLki[ j[vi lig[ C[. K[trmi> lh[riti[ pik a[n[ Avjn j[vi[ C[ an[ a[ bFin[ ji[E

a[n[ ain>dn) ligN) n Yiy ti[ j nviE lig[.

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miNs ai Frt) pr jºm lE C[ an[ an[k (v(F-(vFini[, s>b>Fi[Y) ji[Diy C[ an[

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pZ¸v) pr jºm l[kr, jºm k[ an&$p ke< p\kir k[ b>Fni[> m[> b>Fkr, j)vn s[ s>GP< kr Ek j)vn $p)

px) ki Avt>#i hi[ni ±yi siFirN GTni h]?""74747474 l[Kk kh[ C[ k[ Sr)r$p) miLimi> k[d Yen[, pZ¸v)

pr jºm lEn[, jºmni an&$p kE k[Tliy p\kiri[ni b>Fni[mi> b>FiEn[, Jvnmi> s>GP< kr)

a[k Jvn$p) px)n&> Avt>#i Yv&> a[ ki[E siFirN GTni nY) a[m nvlkYikirn[ lig[ C[.

smyn) mhinti (vS[ nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''p&rin[ Givi[> pr mrhm lgin[ vili ai]r mn

k) v[dni ki[ hrn[ vili v±t s[ bDi ai]r ki]n hi[ skti h]?""75757575 j*ni j²mi[ pr mlm lgiDnir an[

mnn) v[dnin[ hrnir smyY) mi[T&> b)j&> ki[E nY) hi[t&>. smy bLvin C[. a[ (nr>tr ciÃyi

kr[ C[. minvni Jvnmi> s&K-d&:K ti[ aiÄyi kr[ C[. d&:Kni smy[ a[ s&Kni[ j aipNn[

riht aipniri[ bn) rh[ C[. smy (nr>tr ciÃyi kr[ C[ a[ ki[Eni miT[ Yi[Bti[ nY) k[ ni ti[

a[ piCL frt)n[ ji[ti[. nvlkYikir vN<v[ C[: ''jºm-mrN ki K[l K[ln[ vili kil n ti[ Ubti h]

ai]r n h) Ykti h]. bdlti h&ai mi]sm kilck\ m[> G*mkr aig[ bQ aiE mig< pr p)C[ m&Dkr nh)>

d[Kti.""76767676 jºm an[ mrNni[ K[l K[lnir kiL ni ti[ k>TiL[ C[ ni ti[ Yik[ C[. bdliti[

mi]sm kilck\mi> fr)n[ aigL vF) jE piCL Ci[D) aiv[li mig<n[ kyi>r[y piCi[ vL)ni[

ji[ti[ nY).

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(c>tn rj* krti ji[E Skiy C[: ''us phiD k) (mÍ) m[> jºm l[kr, bD[ hi[kr, j)vn k[ smy m[> y&Û

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aiÄy&> ht&>. r>gn AmZ(t bn) gyi[ hti[. minv Jvn j xNB>g*r C[. pZ¸v) pr a[ mi#i a[k

p\vis) C[. pZ¸v)$p) Fm<SiLimi> a[ a[k vT[mig&< tr)k[ aiv) ri[kiy C[ an[ smy p*ri[ Yti

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Emindir), miNsni[ jºm an[ mZRy&, smy k[ kiLck\ tYi minvJvnn) xNB>g*rti vg[r[

(vPyi[ pr pi[tin&> (c>tn rj* krti ji[E Skiy C[.

7.3.4: 7.3.4: 7.3.4: 7.3.4: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t:nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t:nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t:nir)ai[n) p(r(AY(t:

ai phiD) (vAtirmi> rh[nir bDgi ji(tmi> A#i)ai[n) p(r(AY(t k[v) C[ t[n&> pN s&>dr

(n$pN nvlkYimi> Yy[l&> ji[E Skiy C[. l³n kr)n[ p(tni nvi Gr[ aivt) A#i) miT[ l[Kk

lK[ C[: ''p(rvir m[> jb B) Ek ne< lDk) ait) h] ti[ m&(Kyi {p(t} ki[ ai]r usk) B*(m ki[ apni

minkr, mh[nt krk[ us[ smZÛ kr, us k&T&>b k) jD ki[ (vniS s[ bcikr usk[ f*ln[-fln[ m[> shyi[g

d[t) h]. s[vk k) trh aµC) c)ji[> ki[ p(t ai]r bµci[> m[> biTkr, bc[ h&E s_i* ki[ Kikr s>t&OT hi[n[ vil)

bDgi vg< k) m(hliai[> k) Sil)nti k[ bir[ m[> ±yi kh[>?""78787878 ah)> bDgi ji(tn) A#i)ni[n)

mhintin) vit krvimi> aiv) C[. p(rvirmi> jyir[ pN ki[E nv) A#i) aivt) ti[ a[N[

pi[tini p(tn[ an[ a[n) B*(mn[ pi[tin) min)n[, mh[ntY) a[n[ smZÜ kr), a[ k&T>bni piyin[

(vniSY) bciv) an[ hy&<>-By&<> krvimi> shyi[g aip[ C[. s[vkn) j[m sir) vAt&ai[ p(t an[

biLki[mi> vh[>c) bc[l&> KiEn[ s>ti[P an&Bnir) bDigi ji(tn) A#i)n) mhinti an[

Sil)nti miT[ b)j& S&> kh) Skiy a[m nvlkYikirn[ lig[ C[.

kZONn siY[ p\[m s>b>F[ b>Fiy[l pi$n[ r>gn siY[ l³n krvin) p(r(AY(t UB) Yiy C[

Ryir[ (l>g]yi pi$n[ smjivti kh[ C[: ''c*Ãh[ k) a(³n k) trh lDk) p(rvir ki aµC) trh (nvi<h

krn[ vil) S(±t h] ‘‘‘ p(rvir k[ (lE Avy> d*F n p)kr, es Gr k[ (lE Ryig krn[ vil), S(±t k) ¶yi[(t

k) trh t* es Gr m[> ai rh) h], b[T)! (Cºn-(Bºn hi[t[ p(rvir k) s>p(_i ki[ smZÛ krn[ k[ (lE m>glmy)

mi> k) trh t& air h) h].""79797979 nvlkYikr ah)> A#i)n[ c*lini a(³n siY[ srKiv[ C[ k[ j[

p(rvirn[ riF[l&> Bi[jn p*r&> piD[ C[. p(rvir miT[ pi[t[ d*F n p)n[ Grn[ b)ji sdAyi[ miT[

Ryig krnir, S(ktn) jyi[tni $pmi> t&> ai Grmi> aiv) rh) C[ a[m (l>g]yi pi$n[ smjiv[

C[. a[k A#i) pi[tin) S(ktY) (Cºn-(Bºn Yti k&T&>bn[ bciv) a[n[ smZÜ krnir) m>glmy)

mi> pN bn) Sk[ a[v) l[Kkn[ ~Üi C[. l[Kn) ~Üin[ c(rtiY< krt) pi$ r>gn siY[ l³n

kr), UB) Yy[l) nv) p(r(AY(tni[ Av)kir kr), pi[tini mnni Bivi[ Äykt krti kh[ C[: ''yh

m[ri Gr h]. es Gr k) (jÀm[dir) m&z pr h].‘‘‘ es trh usk[ tn-mn ki nir)Rv gv< s[ tn gyi. x&W

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ai]r ai[C) Bivniai[> k[ (lE usk[ mn m[> jgh nh)> Y).""80808080 ah)> rj* Yt&> pi$n&> ai Äy(ktRv smg\

bDgi ji(tn) A#i)ai[n&> p\(t(n(FRv krt&> ji[vi mL[ C[.

aim 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> nvlkYikir bDgi ji(t smijmi> A#i)ai[n[ j[ min-

pin an[ a[mni gi]rvn) j[ vit krvimi> aiv) C[ t[n&> (c#i nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[. ai

upri>t nvlkYimi> bDgi ji(ta[ a[mni smijn) A#i)ai[ pr Fi(m<k-simi(jk j[ p\(tb>Fi[

lidyi> C[ t[n&> p\(t(b>b nvlkYini ail[Knmi>Y) mL) rh[ C[. d*F di[hvini smy[

gi]SiLimi>Y) vis>n) nL)mi> d*F di[(hn[ jyir[ Grmi> livvimi> aivt&> Ryir[ Grn) A#i)ai[mi>Y)

ki[E a[mn) sim[ n aivt) k[ n viti[ krt). A#i)ai[ miT[ d*FGrmi> p\v[Sn) mniy ht).

Bgvinni m>(drni ci[ginmi> k&>vir) kºyiai[n[ p\v[S (nP[F hti[. aim a[k bij& bDgi

ji(tmi> A#i)ni[n) mhintini g&Ngin pN givimi> aiv[ C[ ti[ b)J bij& Fi(m<k an[

sim(jk b>Fni[mi> pN A#i) jkDiy[l) ji[v mL[ C[.

7.3.5: 7.3.5: 7.3.5: 7.3.5: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlk'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlk'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlk'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>FYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>FYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>FYimi> ail[Kiy[l a>F(vVis(vVis(vVis(vVis::::

ai phiD) (vAtirni li[ki[mi> j[ a>F~Üiai[ hyit C[ t[n&> pN l[Kk (n$pN krti

ji[E Skiy C[. k&$Àbr ji(tni li[ki[ jid&-t>#i-m>#i kr[ C[ a[v) a[mn) miºytiai[ C[. miT[ ai

bDgi ji(tni li[ki[ k&$Àbr ji(tni li[ki[n[ B[d-si[gidi[ aipti hi[y C[. (l>g]yin[ tiv aiv[

C[ a[ni miT[ a[vi[ k&$Àbr li[ki[ni jid&m>#in[ jvibdir gN[ C[. l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''pDi[s) k[

lDk[ p[Ãl) n[ ji[g) ki[ btiyi (k E[si b&Kir k&$Àbr k[ jid*-Ti[ni s[ usk[ b&ai k[ lDk[ ki[ B) aiyi

Yi. k&$Àbr k[ m&(Kyi s[ (mlkr B[>T cQin[ k[ bid ¶vr cli gyi.""81818181 ji[g)ni piDi[Smi> rh[ti[

p[Ãl) kh[ C[ k[ a[ni mis)ni Ci[krin[ pN a[k vir aivi[ j tiv aiÄyi[ hti[ Ryir[ k&$Àbrni

m&(Kyin[ B[T cQiÄyi pC) tiv ciÃyi[ gyi[ hti[. ah)> ai phiDvis) li[ki[ a>F~Üimi> D*b[li

ji[vi mL[ C[. a[ miT[ a[k kirN a[ pN C[ k[ ah)> aiF&(nk s&K-s&(vFiai[, (SxNn)

s&(vFiai[, (c(kRsini siFni[ upl¾F nY) miT[ ai (vAtirni li[ki[ a>F~Üig\At C[. ai

p(r(AY(t bDgi ji(tni li[ki[mi> j hyiti C[ a[v&> nY) pN Birtni mi[TiBigni bFi j

gimiDiai[mi> a[ smy[ hyit ht) a[v&> kh) Skiy.

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tivY) (pDiti (l>g]yi (vS[ nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''q)k s[ Kini KiE Ek k&(r>j) b)t

gyi r[ ji[g), Kin[ m[> usk) $(c hi[t) ti[ ab tk usn) tb)yt q)k hi[ ge< hi[t). li[g kht[ h]> (k us

k&$Àbr n[ Ti[ni kr (dyi h]. m]> B) gi>v k[ bD[ li[gi[> s[ kh-kh kr hir ge<. (ks Gr ki b&ri si[ckr es

Gr pr jid*-Ti[ni kr (dyi, (ks[ mil*m!!""82828282 (l>g]yini[ Ki[rik ai[Ci[ YE gyi[ C[. C[Ãli> bir

vPi[<mi> a[N[ p[T Br)n[ Bi[jn ky&<> nY). li[ki[ kh[ C[ k[ k&$Àbri[a[ jid& kyi[< C[. kyi Grn&>

a(ht (vcir) ai Gr pr jid&m>#i kyi[< C[. pi[tini (ptin) (bmir) sir) Yiy t[ miT[

k&$Àbrni pi[tini p*jir)n[ mLvi gy[l ji[g) a[n[ kh[ C[: ''m]> aipki[ pi>c k*D* {mip} rijg)ri

ai]r m>Dvi d[ti h*>. jid*-Ti[ni ji[ B) hi[, uski ri[g d*r kr d)(jE.""83838383 ji[g) k&$Àbrni p*jir)n[

anij aipvin) vit kr[ C[ an[ kh[ C[ k[ j[ ki[E pN jid&-t>#i-m>#i kyi[< hi[y t[ d*r kr)

aipi[.

ai ar·y(vAtirmi> ¼l[gn) mhimir)ni[ f[livi[ Yyi[ C[. a[n[ pN ah)>ni li[ki[ jid&-

t>#i-m>#in) asr smj[ C[. mid)ni S¾di[mi> ji[Ea[ ti[: ''d[vtiai[> ki[ p*ji-p\sid cQini ci(hE.

S)tli mie< k) p*ji h) nh)> h&e<. p]si ain[ s[ li[g e<Vr ki[ B) B*l jit[ h]> ‘‘‘.""84848484 d[vtiai[n[ p*ji-

p\sid cQivvi[ ji[Ea[. aiF&(n(krNni p\BivY) S)tLimitin) vPi[<Y) Yt) aivt) p*ji YE

nY). p]si aivviY) li[ki[ EVrn[ B*l) gyi C[. a[v&> mid)n[ lig[ C[. li[ki[n[ ¼l[gY)

bcivvi, gimn) rxi krvi miT[ AviA¸y kÃyiN (vBigni a(Fkir)ai[n) siY[ kZONn aiv[

C[. ¼l[gY) bcvin) rs) m*kvi diktri[n) T)m pN aiv) ht). t[vi[ Gr[ Gr[ fr) bFin[ rs)

m*k) aiv[ C[. a[ smy[ ji[g) an[ r>gnni Grni bFi li[ki[ m>(drmi> S)tLimitin) p*ji krvi

ciÃyi jiy C[ an[ mid) a[kl) Gr[ rh[ C[. mid) a[ smy[ (vcir[ C[: ''d[v) ki[ ji[ d[ni h], us[ n

d[kr k[vl s*e< lgin[ s[ ±yi sb q)k hi[ jiEg)? yh mhimir), d[v pr (vVis rKn[ vil[ p(t k[ mrn[ k[

bid ±yi[> aie<?""85858585 d[v)n[ j[ kE B[T cQivvin) C[ t[n[ n aipti fkt rs) m*kviY) S&> ai bF&>

si$ YE jS[. ai mhimir) Bgvin pr (vVis riKnir a[ni p(tni mZRy& bid k[m aiv)?

a[vi[ p\â mid) UBi[ kr[ C[. a[ upri>t fkt a[k rs) m*kviY) ai mhimir) kE r)t[ d*r YE

Sk[ a[ mid)n&> mn Av)kir) Skt&> nY). aim, 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li bDgi

ji(tni li[ki[mi> j[ a>F~Üiai[ p\c(lt C[ tn&> pN (n$pN nvlkYimi> Yy[l&> ji[E Skiy C[.

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378

7.3.6: 7.3.6: 7.3.6: 7.3.6: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[:

aim ti[ 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> 5 k&(r>J vP< a[Tl[ k[ 60 vP<ni[ smygiLi[

ail[Kiyi[ C[. ai smygiLi[ Birtmi> a>g\J rijY) S$ kr) aizid) m[LÄyi bidni[ pN C[.

aizid) ph[li Birtni[ ai phiD) (vAtir k[vi[ hti[ a[ ji[g)ni k&$Àbr p*jir)n[ Ryi> pi[tini

(ptin) (bmir) miT[ dvi l[vi jt) vKt[ ail[Kn pim[ C[. nvlkYikir jNv[ C[: ''us smy

tk t>#i-m>#i pr a(vVis krn[ vil[ y&vki[> k) Sti¾d) ki air>B nh)> h&ai Yi.""86868686 a[ smy s&F) t>#i-

m>#i pr a(vVis krnir y&vki[n) Sti¾d)ni[ air>B hj& Yyi[ n hti[. ai a[vi[ smy C[ k[

jyirni li[ki[ hj& pN t>#i-m>#i pr (vVis kr[ C[. aiF&(nk (SxN, (vciri[, siFin-

smig\)ni[ f[livi[ hj& Yyi[ nY). aizid) p*v<ni ai smygiLin&> (n$pN krti ji[g)ni

kikini m&K[ uµcirti nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''sc d[Ki jiE ti[ hmiri ri¶y C)nkr v[ Sisn kr

rh[ h]. hmir) B*(m k) upj ki p]si bni rh[ h]>. y[ sb cl[ jiE> ai]r s&rij aini ci(hE‘‘‘""87878787 aim

Birtmi> a>g\[ji[n&> rijy ht&> a[ smyni[ (nd[<S ah)> mL) rh[ C[.

Avt>#iti ai>di[lnni smygiLin&> (n$pN krti nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''‘‘‘ d[S k[

Avt>#iti-s>g\im m[> Big l[n[ vil[ phl[ Äy(±t k) trh usk) ²yi(t Y). usk[ n[tZRv m[> b)s-t)s Avt>#iti

s[ni(nyi[> n[ 'a>g\[ji[ cl[ jiai[" k[ nir[ lgit[ h&E jinsn EAT[T ki[ G[r (lyi Yi. usk[ b>gl[ ai]r ciy k[

bigin ki[ Shr s[ ji[Dt[ nd) k[ p&l ki[ kZONn k[ dl n[ ti[D Dili ti[ (fr>g) srkir n[ us[ ai]r usk[

si(Yyi[> ki[ k]d kr (lyi Yi.""88888888 kZONn) k)(t< smg\ mrgd ml]n[ pir kr) (jÃlimi> f[liy gE

ht) an[ a[ a[k p\(t(Oqt Äy(kt bn) gyi[ hti[. d[Sni Avt>#iti s>g\immi> Big l[nir p\Ym

Äy(ktni $pmi> a[n) ²yi(t vF) ht). a[ni n[tZRvmi> v)s-#i)s Avt>#iti s[ni(nyi[a[

'a>g\[ji[ ciÃyi jiv"ni niri siY[ jinsn a[AT[Tn[ G[r) l)F&> ht&>. b>gli an[ cini

bg)ciai[n[ Sh[rY) ji[Dti nd)n[ p&ln[ kZONn an[ a[ni (m#ii[a[ ti[D) ni²yi[ hti[ j[Y)

(fr>g) srkir[ a[mn[ k[d kyi< hti. ai vN<n prY) a[Tl&> kh) Skiy k[ y&vn vyni[ kZONn

aizid)n) lDtimi> ji[Diyi[ hti[. nvlkYimi> kZONnni pi#in&> (n$pN biLpNY) j Yy[l&> C[

an[ nvlkYini a>tmi> a[n[ vZÜ Yy[li[ btivvmi> aiv[ C[. aim kZONn, ji[g), pi$ an[

r>gnni Jvnni 60 vP<ni[ smygiLi[ nvlkYini ail[Knni k[ºWmi> aiv[ C[.

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7.3.7: 7.3.7: 7.3.7: 7.3.7: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li th[viri[:

'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> j[ th[viri[n&> (n$pN Yy&> C[ t[ pN T*>kmi> ji[E lEa[.

ah)>ni li[ki[ j[ th[vir ujv[ C[ t[mi d[vh¼pi {v]SiK k[ j[q misini si[mvir[ ujvvimi>

aivti[ uRsv, K[trni pikn[ kip)n[ Bgvinn[ ciQivvini[ uRsv, Ryir pC) j (v(Fvt

kipN)n) S$ait Yt)}, mhid[vni m>(drmi> sim*(hk p\iY<nini[ th[vir {ai uRsv EVr p\Ry[

pi[tin) kZtXti p\gT krvi, smZ(Ün) kimni miT[, jm)nmi> ri[pinir b)jmi>Y) siri[ pik Yiy

miT[, d&Fi$ jnivri[n) v>S-vZ(Ü miT[, d*F an[ mFn) a(vrt Firi vh[t) rh[ miT[ ujviy C[}

an[ skli(ty {ki(t<k mismi> ujvvimi> aivti[ th[vir, Krib S(ktai[ni[ niS Yiy a[

miT[ G>uni li[Ti[ni[ Qi[si[ bniv), b(l cQiv), b&riEni[ niS krvi miT[, pik an[ p(rvirni

kÃyiN miT[ EVrnn[ p\iY<ni krvini[ (dvs} vg[r[ th[viri[ ujvvimi> aiv[ C[.

7.3.8: 7.3.8: 7.3.8: 7.3.8: 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n:'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[l simi(jk p(rvt<n:

'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYimi> ail[Kiy[li[ smygiLi[ 6 diykini[ C[ a[Tl[ AviBi(vk C[ k[

#iN p[Q)n&> Jvn ah)> (c#it Yiy. j[Y) kr)n[ nvlkYimi> bdiliti jti simi(jk m*Ãyi[n&>

(n$pN Yyi vgr n rh) Sk[. ai nvlkYimi> aivti bDgi ji(tni smijmi> j[ simi(jk

p(rvt<n Yy&> C[ a[n&> (c#i aipNn[ mL) rh[ C[. ji[g)ni (pti (l>g]yini mZRy& bid

nvlkYimi> smi(jk p(rvt<nn) jiN[ k[ lh[r aiv[ C[. (l>g]yini mZRy&ni p\s>g[ j gimni

li[ki[ b[ Bigmi> vh[ciy jiy C[. aigmni y&vini[ j*ni r)(t-(rviji[ p\miN[ a>(tm(k\yi

krvin) ni pD[ C[ ti[ gimni vZÜi[ a[ni[ (vri[F kr) kh[ C[ k[ ai ti[ vPi[<Y) ciÃyi aivti[

r)(t-(rviji[ C[ an[ a[n[ aiFir[ j mZRykn) a>(tm(k\yi krvimi> aiv[ a[ j$r) C[. ai vid-

(vvidmi> a[k BN[l-gN[l y&vk kh[ C[: ''sc, en anivÆyk (rviji[> ki[ Ci[D d[ni h) q)k h].

Si[kg\At p(rvir m[> nic-gini ai]r Bi[j uºh[> ai]r d&K) kr[gi.""89898989 a>(tm(k\yi vKt[ krvimi> aivti

nic-gin an[ Bi[jnni r)(t-(rviji[n[ b>F krvin&> a[ y&vk kh[ C[.

(l>g]yini mZRy& bid j[ b[ j&Y gimmi> pDyi hti a[mn) vµc[ tkrir hv[ ti[ vFt) j

jt) ht). gimni simi(jk s>b>Fi[mi> p(rvt<n aiÄy&> C[. ph[li> bFi> hL)-mL) kim krti,

a[k-b)jini s&K-d&:Kmi> mdd krti pN hv[ a[vi[ smy nY). ji[g)ni (vciri[mi>

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nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''k(ry mÃlr k[ ciy-bg)ci[> ki bDi nim hi[ jin[ s[ gi>v ki sim*(hk s>gqn

Q)li hi[ gyi Yi. phl[ k) trh li[g pir)-pir) s[ rit ki phri nh)> d[t[ Y[. ciy k[ bigini[> m[> uns[ mjd*r)

pin[ vil[ rKvil) B) kr l[t[ Y[. bik) li[g p&rin) pr>pri ki[ bniE rKn[ k[ (lE cir-pi>c li[g (mlkr

K[t k) rxi ai]r sfie< krt[ Y[. phl[ j]s) Ekti k) Bivni nh)> Y).""90909090 k(ry mÃlrni ciy

bg)ciai[n&> nim K*b vF) gy&> ht&> j[Y) kr)n[ gimn&> sim*(hk s>gqn Q)l&> YE gy&> ht&>.

ph[li>n) j[m li[ki[ viri p\miN[ ri#i[ ci[k) Brti nY). cini bg)ciai[mi> mj*r) krnir ri#i[

a[n) rK[viL) pN kr) l[ti hti. bik)ni li[ki[ j&n) pr>prin[ Tkiv) riKvi miT[ cir-pi>c

jNi mL) K[trn) rK[viL) an[ sfiE krti hti. ph[li> j[v) a[ktin) Bivni hv[ rh)

nY). aim ai smy bdlivni[ smy C[ a[n&> (n$pN nvlkYimi> Yy[l&> ji[Ea[ Skiy C[.

hÍ)ni li[ki[ a[k p(rvirn) $pmi> Jvti hti. mh[nt kr), a[k b)jin&> s&K-d&:K vh[>c)n[

rh[ti hti. ~mdin krvin) pr>pri pN ht) j. pN hv[ a[ bF&> ti[ B*tkiL bn) gy&> C[.

aigL nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[ t[m: ''phl[ j]s) bit hi[t) ti[ d&K-s&K k[ mi]k[ pr sb ekÍ[ hi[ jit[

Y[ ai]r (mlkr riy p*C l[t[ Y[, vh bit ab nh)> rh)."" ph[li> li[ki[ s&K-d&:Kmi> bFi B[gi Yti

an[ a[k-b)jini Kbr a>tr p*Cti pN hv[ a[v&> rH&> nY).

algir) p\kZ(tni r>gnni (pti nic-ginni Si[K)n C[ pN hv[ a[vi[ smy rHi[

nY). a[ (vS[ l[Kk ail[K[ C[: ''phl[ k) trh git[ nh)> Y[. nicn[-gin[ k) rAm[> B) ab khi> Y)?

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aiKi[ sm&diy j bdliE gyi[ C[. a[n) p>rpriai[, r)(t-(rviji[, m*Ãyi[, miºytiai[ an[

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a[Tl[ j hv[ r>gnni (pti fkt u>Fti rh[ti. ph[lin) j[m git pN n hti a[m nvlkYikir

ail[K[ C[.

ai phiD) (vAtirmi> p(rvt<n aiÄy&> ht&>. jyi> K[tri[, phiDi[, j>gli[ hti Ryi> li[ki[n)

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k[ (lE bs k) s&(vFi hi[ jin[ s[ Shr jin[ ki jmini ai gyi Yi‘‘‘ G&Ddi]D p\(tyi[(gti, kiˆf) k[ hi[Tl,

(sn[mi-Gr j]s[ mni[r>jn k[ ke< siFn ai gE Y[.""91919191 aim ai phiD) (vAtirmi> p(rvt<n aiÄy&>

C[. ph[lini smymi> k&(r>J f[li[ (Klti ti[ ai[Ki[ phiD) (vAtirmi> a[n) hijr)n) ni[>F

l[vit) pN hv[ ti[ ki[En[ Kbr pN pDt) nY). alg alg rijyi[mi>Y) cini bg)ciai[mi>

kim krvi miT[ aiv[li li[ki[a[ pi[tini Gri[ bniv) l)Fi hti. Gi[Ddi]D ApFi<, ki[f)n) d&kini[

an[ (sn[miGri[ j[vi mni[r>jnni siFni[ aiv) gyi hti. Sh[r jvi miT[ bsn) s&(vFi

aiv) gE ht). li[ki[ni[ ph[rv[S-pi[Sik pN bdliE gyi[ hti[.

ah)>ni li[ki[n) pr>priai[mi> pN p(rvt<n aiÄy&> C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''phl[

k) trh ni] vP< k) aiy& m[> d*F k) nl) hiY m[> l[kr Gr k) (jÀm[dir) l[ni ab (ks) B) bµc[ k[ (lE

a(nviy< nh)> Yi. t)n k&(r>j) m[> sir[ (nym bdl gE Y[.""92929292 ph[li>n) j[m nv vP<n) vy[ d*Fn)

nL) hiYmi> lE Grn) jvibdir)ai[ upiD) l[v) a[v) jvibdir)ai[ hv[ ki[E bilk miT[

a(nviy< rh) nY). #iN k&(r>Jmi> ti[ bFi j (nymi[ bdliE gyi C[. kZONn[ pi[tini smij

miT[ j[ Av¼n ji[y&> ht&> t[ p*N< Yy&> C[. a[ni smijni li[ki[ pN aiF&(nk (SxN m[Lv[ a[ a[n&>

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h&ai h]. jhi> (gn[-c&n[, pQ[-(lK[ li[g Y[, vhi> us sm&diy m[> ab (ktn[ h) nim E[s[ Y[ ji[ gi>v ki nim

ri]Sn krn[ k[ (lE Sh[r ki[ ai gE Y[."" b[ k&(r>Jni smygiLimi> a[ni sm&diyni k[Tliy

li[ki[a[ (SxN m[Lv) Xin $p) jyi[tn[ f[lv) C[. jyir[ g·yi>-giqyi li[ki[ BN[li hti Ryi>

hv[ ti[ a[Tliy a[vi nimi[ C[ j[mN[ Sh[r aiv) pi[tini gimn&> nim ri[Sn ky&<> C[. aim a[k

bij& (SxN m[Lv) ah)>ni li[ki[mi> p(rvt<n aiÄy&> C[ ti[ b)J bij& aiF&(nktini d*PNi[ pN

ai (vAtirmi> f[liy C[ j[n) ni[>F pN nvlkYikir lE C[: ''yh algiv C*t k) trh hr hÍ)m[

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ri[g aApZÆytin) j[m bF[ f[liE gyi[ C[. j[Tli miYi a[Tli dL, d&Æmn), EPi<, ApFi<, vid-

(vvid, pi[l)smi> f(ryid ni[>Fivv) bF&> j ah)> aiv) gy&> ht&>.

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ai bF& p(rvt<n (vkisn[ kirN[ Yy&> C[. (vkisn) hi[Dmi> n[ hi[Dmi> p\ic)n m*Ãyi[ni[

(vniS Yyi[ C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''(bni (vkis k[ p&rin[ r)(t-(rviji[> s[ b>F) unk) hÍ) m[>

±yi km) Y)? ±yi U>c-n)c ki B[dBiv Yi? t[r) jm)n, m[r) jm)n khkr aips m[> (BD[ Y[? Ek ki[

B*Ki rKkr ±yi d*sri p]si k[ md m[> c*r Yi? (ks) k[ Gr m[> d&K-s&K k) GTni hi[n[ pr ±yi alg Kt[

hi[kr tmiSi d[Ki jiti Yi?‘‘‘ si[ni ai]r r[Sm k[ mi[h n[ minv-b>Fni[> ki[ (mTi (dyi.""94949494 ai phiD)

(vAtirmi> j[ (vkis Yyi[ C[ a[ ph[li> ah)> Sin) Ki[T ht)? bFi li[ki[ ah)>-mL)n[, s>p)n[

rh[ti hti. pN hv[ ti[ U>c-n)cni B[dBiv, jm)ni[ni zGDiai[, dyini[ aBiv vg[r[ g&Ni[

li[ki[mi> d[Kiti Yyi C[. si[ni an[ r[Smni mi[hmi> j minv b>Fni[ T*T) gyi C[. D[m

bnivvimi> Ejn[rn) ni[kr)a[ lig[li n>jnn) ai>K[ nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[: ''yhi>-vhi> bc)

h&e< phi(Dyi[> pr n&k)l[ p_ii[> vil[ U>c[ (sÃvr ai[k k[ vZx, ciy k[ pi]F[, (cmn) s[ F&ai> uglt) ciy k)

f]±T^)-sb d[Kkr us[ lgi (k yhi> Ek nE s>sir k) sZ(OT hi[ rh) h].""95959595 phiDi[ pr bc[li (sÃkni

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a[k nvi s>sirn) sZ(OT UB) YE rh) C[.

ai phiD) (vAtirmi> (vkisn[ p(rNim[ simi(jk p(rvt<n aiÄy&> C[. a[ p(rvt<nY)

k[Tli>k nvi fiydiai[ Yyi C[ ti[ k[Tli>k j&di m*Ãyi[ni[ niS Yyi[ C[. ai p(rvt<nY) p\ic)n

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(c(kRsi p(Ü(tni[ liB ah)>ni li[ki[n[ mÇyi[ C[ pN a[n) siY[ siY[ nvi s>GPi[<, nv)

m&Æk[l)ai[, nvi zGDiai[ an[ vg< s>GP< pN UBi Yiy C[ j[n&> p\(t(b>b nvlkYimi> pD[l&>

ji[E Skiy C[. nvlkYikir ail[K[ C[:

''mjd*ri[> k) hDtil.

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j)tni h]. mjd*r Bieyi[, cli[ Fm<y&Û k[ (lE (nkl pDi[‘‘‘

es ne< drir n[ U>c-n)c k[ b)c ji[ Yi[Di-si (rÆti Yi us[ B) ti[D (dyi. ji[ (rÆt[dir nh)> h]>

uns[ niti ti[Dkr Ek nE p\kir k) ji(t k) kÃpni kr l) ge< h].""96969696 mj*ri[n) hDtil. a[

ai]wi[(g(kkrNn) upj C[. aiF&(nk smymi> mj*r an[ a(Fkir) vg< k[ mj*r an[ mi(lk

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vµc[n) ai drir vF)j gE C[. a[n&> (c#iN ah)> Yy&> C[. aim, 6 k&(r>J vP<mi> ai phiD)

(vAtirmi> j[ p(rvt<ni[ Yyi C[ t[n&> (c#iN l[Kk nvlkYimi> s&r[K r)t[ kr) aip[ C[. bDgi

ji(tn) #iN p[Q)ai[n&> Jvn ah)> ail[(Kt C[. a[ p[Q)ai[ vµc[ni s>GPi[< ail[Knni k[ºWmi>

aiv[ C[.

7.4: 7.4: 7.4: 7.4: ups>hir:ups>hir:ups>hir:ups>hir:

rijm kZON r(ct t(ml nvlkYi 'k&(r>J Y[n" n)l(gr)ni phiD) (vAtirmi> vsti

bDgi ji(tni Jvnni siq vP<ni e(thisn&>, a[ pT pr GDiy[l) GTniai[ an[ simi(jk-

si>AkZ(t p(rvt<nn[ k[ºWmi> riK) ail[Kn pim) C[. nvlkYi niyk tr)k[ aipN[ ji[g)ni

pi#in[ gN) Sk)a[ pN Kr[Kr niyk ti[ C[ ai phiD) (vAtir. j[ smg\ nvlkYini

ail[Knni k[ºWmi> C[. nvlkYikir ji[g), pi$, r>gn, kZONn, (l>g]yi, mid) an[ n>jnni

pi#i Yk) ai phiD) (vAtirn[ an[ bDgi ji(tn) lix(Nktiai[n[ ujigr kr) d[ C[.

n)l(gr)ni phiDi[mi> vsti ai bDgi ji(tn[ k[ºWmi> riK) nvlkYi lKit) hi[y an[ a[mi

p\kZ(t (n$pN n Yy&> hi[y a[m ti[ k[m bn) Sk[? nvlkYikir p\kZ(tn&> ail[Kn (nrp[xBiv

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p\kZ(tn&> minv)ykrN an[ p\kZ(tn[ minvBivi[ Äykt krvi miT[ Kpmi> l[vimi> aiv) C[. a[

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a(k>t Yy&> C[. aim, 'k&(r>J Y[n" nvlkYi Bivkn[ n)l(gr)ni phiDi[ pr vsti bDigi

ji(tni, a[k nvi (vVmi> aipNn[ lE jiy C[.

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1. kZONn, rijn {an&:} (vjylÈm) s&>drrijn: 'k&(r>J ki Shd", n[Snl b&k T^AT, E(ºDyi,

a[-5, g\)n pik<, nv) (dÃh)-110 016, p\Ym s>AkrN: 1996, p\Ativni, pZ: 06.

2. kZONn, rijn {an&:} (vjylÈm) s&>drrijn: 'k&(r>J ki Shd", n[Snl b&k T^AT, E(ºDyi,

a[-5, g\)n pik<, nv) (dÃh)-110 016, p\Ym s>AkrN: 1996, pZ: 16.

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