kritik answers a-e (michigan)

8/12/2019 Kritik Answers a-E (Michigan)

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Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 A $ %%&er'thing is in al(habetical or#er)


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Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 A - E.....................................................................................................................**AGAMBEN**.............................................................................................................................................Link = O !r"i#$lifi!%.................................................................................................................................... '!(r! not all Na)i"........................................................................................................................................... 1 Alt fail"...........................................................................................................................................................

'+at! !r B!in, Alt ail"..............................................................................................................................1No #$a t...................................................................................................................................................... A,a#b!n = Totali)in,...................................................................................................................................... 13 A,a#b!n = 4n !rifiabl!.................................................................................................................................. 1 AT6 Bar! Lif!................................................................................................................................................... AT6 #$a t T7rn".......................................................................................................................................... AT6 M7"!l#ann............................................................................................................................................... AT6 Totalitariani"# #$a t"...........................................................................................................................**A 9LE:**....................................................................................................................................................2A K***....................................................................................................................................K 4ntr7! or A"t!roi%".................................................................................................................................. A"t!roi% T+r!at = >i"tin t.............................................................................................................................i!n ! E%7 ation k2 ol !.........................................................................................................................**A T OPOL T < **.................................................................................................................................P!r#................................................................................................................................................................;2?T6 P!r#.........................................................................................................................................................;?T6 P!r# = nt!r%!$!n%!n !.........................................................................................................................Link T7rn.......................................................................................................................................................

$a ! Mil. n! itabl!.....................................................................................................................................4. . >o#ination Goo%....................................................................................................................................No O4**..................................................................................................................................................!"ir! ..................................................................................................................................Bataill! = 4"!l!""............................................................................................................................................5Bataill! = Non- al"ifiabl!............................................................................................................................... AT6 a rifi !................................................................................................................................................. AT6 Dal7! to Lif! #$a t"..............................................................................................................................**BA4> LLA >**


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Ba7%rillar% = T!rrori"#.................................................................................................................................Ma ro-Politi " Goo%...................................................................................................................................**BLE KE **................................................................................................................................................ AT6 A,!n @................................................................................................................................................... AT6 or,!ttin, ................................................................................................................................................ &**BOOK

ri!n%CEn!#@ >i"tin tion" n! itabl!........................................................................................................

O !r i! Eff! t ol !"..................................................................................................................................2A


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP*/3 ! "#riss

! linin,......................................................................................................2;& AT6 P!rfor#an !........................................................................................................................................... 2 AT6 !for#" ail............................................................................................................................................2**ELE4JE AN> G4ATTA ** 2


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP+/3 ! "#riss

Alt >o!"n(t A""7#! T! +nolo,@.................................................................................................................... Alt ail"..........................................................................................................................................................No#a% Alt ail".............................................................................................................................................**>E >E AN**........................................................................................................................................2A< AT6 >!r >!rian......................................................................................................................................2**>E >AC>E! on"tr7 tion Ba% - >o,#ati"#.................................................................................................................28>! on"tr7 tion ail".....................................................................................................................................2 Alt ail"......................................................................................................................................................... Alt ail" - 4to$ian.........................................................................................................................................2 Alt ail" No o ial ! on"tr7 tion = Eliti"t................................................................................................................................2Moral #$!rati !" Goo%................................................................................................................................

**>ETE EN**...........................................................................................................................2>!t!rr!n ! Pr! !nt" E" alation....................................................................................................................2&>!t!rr!n ! Goo%- G!n!ral............................................................................................................................2&>!t!rr!n ! Goo% to$" Prolif....................................................................................................................2

ol !" Alli!% Prolif.......................................................................................................................................Pr! !nt" A% !nt7ri"#...................................................................................................................................2>!t!rr!n ! = Moral.......................................................................................................................................2& AT6 >!t!rr!n ! >o!"n(t A""7#! 'ar".......................................................................................................... ;01**> LLON**..................................................................................................................................................A.............................................................................................................................................E o !# Kill" A........................................................................................................................................Ba kla"+ T7rn" Alt....................................................................................................................................... Alt ail"CP!r# ol !".................................................................................................................................... ;

Ba k to Eart+ = Extin tion.......................................................................................................................n r!#!ntali"# Goo% 2a ..........................................................................................................................;n r!#!ntali"# Goo% Pra,#ati"#............................................................................................................;/1Mana,!#!nt Goo%........................................................................................................................................;/;

Mana !#!nt Goo% MN


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,/3 ! "#riss

AT6 L7k!CMana,!#!nt................................................................................................................................. ; AT6 A!"t+!ti "................................................................................................................................................ AT6 o ial E olo,@ K En Prot! tion


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP!/3 !"#riss

--A.AM % --


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP/3 ! "#riss

ink &ersi4(lifie# Aga4ben5s bio(o6er is o&er$si4(lifie# an# (re&ents s fro4 confronting s(ecific (oliticalcirc 4stances) 8irno 02 FPaolo P+> an% talian $+ilo"o$+!r G!n!ral int!ll! t !xo%7" #7ltit7%! Ar +i$!la,o No. / 7n!2002+tt$6CC .,!n!ration-onlin!.or,C$Cf$ irno2.+t#

A,a#b!n i" a t+ink!r of ,r!at al7! b7t al"o in #@ o$inion a t+ink!r it+no $oliti al o ation. T+!n +!n A,a#b!n"$!ak" of t+! bio$oliti al +! +a" t+! t!n%!n @ to tran"for# it into an ontolo,i al at!,or@ it+ al7!alr!a%@ "in ! t+!ar +ai o#an ri,+t. An% in t+i" in #@ o$inion +! i" !r@ ron,-+!a%!%. T+! $robl!# i" b!li! ! t+att +! bio$oliti al i" onl@an !ff! t %!ri !% fro# t+! on !$t of labor-$o !r. '+!n t+!r! i" a o##o%it@ t+at i" all!% labor-$o !r iti" alr!a%@ i#$li itl@ ,o !rn#!nt o !r lif!. A,a#b!n "a@" on t+! ot+!r +an% t+at labor-$o !r i" onl@ on! of t+! a"$! t" of t+! bio$oliti al "a@ t+! ontrar@6o !r all b! a7"! labor $o !r i" a $ara%oxi al o##o%it@ b! a7"! it i" not a r!al

o##o%it@ lik! a book or a bottl! of at!r b7t rat+!r i" "i#$l@ t+! $ot!ntial to $ro%7 !. A" "oon a" t+i"$ot!ntial i" tran"for#!% into a o##o%it@ t+!n it i" n! !""ar@ to ,o !rn t+! li in, bo%@ t+at #aintaint+i" $ot!ntial t+at ontain" t+i" $ot!ntial. Toni FN!,ri an% Mi +a!l F9ar%t on t+! ot+!r +an% 7"! bio$oliti " in a +i"tori all%!t!r#in!% "!n"! ba"in, it on o7 a7lt b7t o7 a7lt "$ok! in f! $a,!" of t+! bio$oliti al - in r!lation to t+! birt+ of lib!rali"# - t+ato7 a7lti" not a "7ffi i!nt ba"! for fo7n%in, a %i" o7r"! o !r t+! bio$oliti al an% #@ a$$r!+!n"ion #@ f!ar i"

t+! bio$oliti al an b! tran"for#!% into a or% t+at +i%!" o !r" $robl!#" in"t!a% of b!in, an in"tr7#!ntfor onfrontin, t+!#. A f!ti"+ or% an o$!n %oor" or% a or% it+ an !x la#ation $oint a or%arri!" t+! ri"k of blo kin, riti al t+o7,+t in"t!a% of +!l$in, it. T+!n #@ f!ar i" of f!ti"+ or%" in $oliti

b! a7"! it "!!#" lik! t+! ri!" of a +il% t+at i" afrai% of t+! %ark... t+! +il% t+at "a@" #a#a #a#abio$oliti " bio$oliti " . %on t n!,at! t+at t+!r! an b! a "!rio7" ont!nt in t+! t!r# +o ! !r "!! t

t+! 7"! of t+! t!r# bio$oliti " "o#!ti#!" i" a on"olator@ 7"! lik! t+! r@ of a +il% +!n +at "!r !" 7ar! in all a"!" in"tr7#!nt" of ork an% not $ro$a,an%a or%".


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We5re not all a9isot all (olitics t rn to a9is4:4o#ern (o6er str ct res are incre#ibl' #i&erse)

;abino6 < ;ose 03 FPa7l Prof!""or of Ant+ro$olo,@ at 4< B!rk!l!@ Nikola" Prof!""or of o iolo,@ t+! Lon%on +ool ofE ono#i " T+o7,+t" On T+! ! !#b!r 10 200; +tt$6CC .l"!.a .7kC oll! tion"C"o iolo,@C$%fC abino an% o"!-Bio$o !rTo%a@0;.$%f a !""!% 7l@ 05 $,. 8-&

T+! int!r$r!tation of ont!#$orar@ bio$oliti " a" t+! $oliti " of a "tat! #o%!l!% on t+! fi,7r! of t+!"o !r!i,n "7it" t+! t !nti!t+ !nt7r@ ab"ol7ti"#" of t+! Na)i" an% talin.B7t ! n!!% a #or! n7an !%a o7nt of "o !r!i,n $o !r to anal@)! ont!#$orar@ rationaliti!" or t! +nolo,i!" of$oliti ". in ! t+!"! a7t+or" tak! t+!ir

on !$t an% $oint of r!f!r!n ! fro# o7 a7lt it i" ort+ ontra"tin, t+!ir $o"t7lat! of a ori,in an% b!n!fi iar@ of bio$o !r to o7 a7ltQ" r!#arkon "o !r!i,nt@ a" a for# of $o !r +o"! %ia,ra# b7t not $rin i$l! i" t+! fi,7r! of t+! "o !r!i,n r7l!r. t" +ara t!ri"ti i" in%!!% 7lti#at!l@ a#o%! of $o !r +i + r!li!" on t+! ri,+t to tak! lif!. 9o ! !r it+ t+! !x !$tion of !rtain R$arox@"#al( #o#!nt" t+i" i" a #o%! of $o !r +o"!a ti ation an onl@ b! "$ora%i an% non- ontin7o7". T+! totali)ation of "o !r!i,n $o !r a" a #o%! of or%!rin, %ail@ lif! o7l% b! too o"tl@ an% in%!!% t+! !r@ !x !""!" of t+! !x!r i"! of t+i" $o !r "!!k to o#$!n"at! for "$ora%i nat7r!. o !r!i,nt@ in t+i" "!n"! i" $r! i"!l@ a %ia,ra# of a for# of $o !r not a %!" ri$tion of it"i#$l!#!ntation .

olonial "tat! raft a" lar,!l@ to tak! a %iff!r!nt for#. T+! t o #!,alo#ania tat! for#" of t+! t !nti!t+ !nt7r@ al"o "o7,+t to a t7ali)! it a"+a ! "o#! ot+!r" in t+!ir ak!6 Albania 7n%!r 9ox+a Nort+ Kor!a.B7t no +i"torian of $r!-#o%!rn for#" of ontrol o7l%fail to noti ! t+! %!$!n%!n ! of "o !r!i,n r7l! in it" non-$arox@"#al for# on a fin! !b of 7"to#ar@

on !ntion" r! i$ro al obli,ation" an% t+! lik! in a or% a #oral ! ono#@ +o"! o#$l!xit@ an% far !x !!%" t+! !xtra a,an ! %i"$la@" of t+! "o !r!i,n. o !r!i,n $o !r i" at on! an% t+! "a#! ti#! an!l!#!nt in t+i" #oral ! ono#@ an% an att!#$t to #a"t!r it.

ot all bio(olitics bring abo t genoci#e:it tri&iali9es a9is4 to sa' that all enact4ents ofthe state of exce(tion are e= i&alent);abino6 < ;ose 03 FPa7l Prof!""or of Ant+ro$olo,@ at 4< B!rk!l!@ Nikola" Prof!""or of o iolo,@ t+! Lon%on +ool ofE ono#i " T+o7,+t" On T+! ! !#b!r 10 200; +tt$6CC .l"!.a .7kC oll! tion"C"o iolo,@C$%fC abino an% o"!-Bio$o !rTo%a@0;.$%f $,. 8-&

A,a#b!n tak!" "!rio7"l@ A%orno(" +all!n,! +o i" it $o""ibl! to t+ink aft!r A7" + it)S B7t for t+at r!a"on it i" to tri iali)! A7" + it) to a$$l@ +#itt(" on !$t of t+! "tat! of !x !$tion an% o7 a7lt("anal@"i" of bio$o !r to ! !r@ in"tan ! +!r! li in, b!in," !nt!r t+! " o$! of r!,7lation ontrol an%,o !rn#!nt. T+! $o !r to o##an% 7n%!r t+r!at of %!at+ i" !x!r i"!% b@ tat!" an% t+!ir "7rro,at!" in #7lti$l! in"tan !"in #i ro for#" an% in ,!o$oliti al r!lation". B7t t+i"i" not to "a@ t+at t+i" for# of $o !r o##an%" ba k!% 7$ b@ t+! 7lti#at! t+r!atof %!at+i" t+! ,7arant!! or 7n%!r$innin, $rin i$l! of all for#" of bio$o !r in ont!#$orar@ lib!ral "o i!ti!".4nlik! A,a#b!n ! %o not t+ink t+at 6t+! H7ri"t t+! %o tor t+! " i!nti"t t+! !x$!rt t+! $ri!"t%!$!n% for t+!ir $o !r o !rlif! 7$on an allian ! it+ t+! tat! F1&&86 122 . Nor i" it 7"!f7l to 7"! t+i" "in,l! %ia,ra# to anal@)! ! !r@ ont!#$orar@ in"tan ! t+anato-$oliti " fro# an%a to t+! !$i%!#i of A > %!at+" a ro"" Afri a. 7r!l@t+! !""!n ! of riti al t+o7,+t #7"t b! it"

a$a it@ to #ak! %i"tin tion" t+at an fa ilitat! H7%,#!nt an% a tion.

S ggesting that the ca4( is e&er'6here is sill':go&ern4ent (o6er 4a' be ex(ansi&e b t it#oes not al6a's (ro# ce cor(ses: a9is4 6as ni= e) e&i < ;othberg 03 FN!il Prof!""or of En,li"+

>r! 4ni !r"it@ Mi +a!l Prof!""or of En,li"+ t+! 4ni !r"it@ of @%n!@ A7" + it) an% t+! !#nant" of T+!or@6 To ar%" an Et+iBor%!rlan%" F116 1C2200; $,.;0-;1 At t+! "a#! ti#! A,a#b!n " for#7lation" "trik! 7" a" $robl!#ati an%ina%!I7at! in "! !ral r!"$! t". ir"t b@ r!"tr7 t7rin, t+! )on! of t+! +7#an to onfor# to t+! on%ition of t+!M7"!l#ann A,a#b!n r!#o !" t+! fi,7r! of t+! M7"!l#ann fro# t+! ont!xt-t+! a#$"-in +i + +! or"+! i" $ro%7 !% . T+! M7"!l#ann b! o#!" an i"olat!% fi,7r!floatin, lik! a Gia o#!tti " 7l$t7r! in an ot+!r i"!a$$ar!ntl@ !#$t@ ab"tra t "$a ! t+at A,a#b!n all" +7#anit@. T+! M7"!l#ann i" #!ant to b!ar a !rtain tr7t+ abo7t t+! nat7r! of !t+i " aft!r A7" + it) b7t i" it not i#$ortant +!n tr@in, to arti 7lat! "7 + an !t+i " to r!fl! t on +at A7" + it) a"S/ 7r!l@ "7 + an a o7nt "+o7l%att!n% to t+! +i"tori al l!,al an% $oliti al on%ition" t+at l!% to t+! %! !lo$#!nt of t+! a#$ "@"t!# in l7%in, t+! kin%" of f!at7r!" t+at J@Ba7#an fo 7"!" on in Mo%!rnit@ an% t+! 9olo a7"t - "7 + a" a #a""i ! #orall@ in%iff!r!nt b7r!a7 rati a$$arat7" t+at %!+7#ani)!% it" oban% %i"tan !% it" a,!nt" fro# a "!n"! of r!"$on"ibilit@ for t+!ir a tion" a" !ll a" t+! ob"!""i ! +atr!% of t+! ! " t+at a7l ri!%l n%!r +a"r! !ntl@ %7bb!% r!%!#$ti ! anti"!#iti"#. f t+! M7"!l#ann o7l% not +a ! !xi"t!% it+o7t t+!"! fa tor" "+o7l%an !t+i " fo 7"!% 7$on t+i" fi,7r! al"o tak! a o7nt of t+!#S nt!r!"tin,l@ !no7,+ in 9o#o a !r A,a#b!n +i#"!lfar,7!" t+at t+! a#$ i" t+! no#o" F%!finiti ! $oliti al !l!#!nt of t+! #o%!rn. n r!#arkin, t+at U V+at +a$$!n!%in t+! a#$" "o !x !!%" t+! H7ri%i al on !$t of ri#! t+at t+! "$! ifi H7ri%i o-$oliti al "tr7 t7r! in +i + t+o"! ! !nt" took $la ! i" oft!n "o#itt!% fro# on"i%!ration F1&&8 133 A,a#b!n o7l% b! $r!$arin, a ritiI7! of +at i" o#itt!% fro# !#nant" of A7" + it). 9o#o a !rar,7!" t+at t+! a#$ i" t+! "$a ! +!r! t+! "tat! of !x !$tion b! o#!" nor#al an% +!r! +!t+!r or not atro iti!" ar! o##itt!% %!$!n%" not onla b7t on t+! i ilit@ an% !t+i al "!n"! of t+! $oli ! +o t!#$oraril@ a t a" "o !r!i,n F1&&8 15/ . T+i" lin! of ar,7#!nt $ro%7 !" an antinot+! A,a#b!n o!7 r!6 for t+! A,a#b!n of 9o#o a !r a a#$ i" a a#$ if an@t+in, i" $o""ibl! it+in it no #att!r +!t+!r or not it a t7all@ $ro%7 !" M7"!l# nn!r an% or$"!" +il! for t+! A,a#b!n of !#nant" of A7" + it) t+! i#$ortant fa tabo7t t+! M7"!l#ann i" "i#$l@ t+at "7 + a fi,7r! +a$$!n!% not +!r! an% +o +! b! a#! $o""ibl!. '+at link" t+! $o"ition" of +i"t o ork" i" a l! !l of ab"tra tion t+at %!lib!rat!l@ bra k!t" f!at7r!" of !a + $ara%i,# or%inaril@7 %! "t % " !""! ti l6 f t+! #$ fi 7 !" "7 + " t+! M7"!l# f t+! M7"!l# t+! %iti


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#o#!nt" A,a#b!n "!!#" to b! "7,,!"tin, t+at A7" + it) i" $ot!ntiall@ ! !r@ +!r! a "7,,!"tion t+at !n%"7$ !li%in, t+! "$! ifi +all!n,!" $o"!% bot+ b@ t+! M7"!l#ann an% t+! a#$ "@"t!#.


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Alt fails

Aga4ben5s >co4ing co44 nit'? is too 6eak to be s stainable).or#on 0* FAn%r! L!! an% 7li!t ol,!r 7n% Prof!""or of 9i"tor@ at 9ar ar% 4ni !r"it@ ! i! t7%@6 !t+inkin, Ar!a t7%i!Mor! o7rnal Of a$an!"! t7%i!" Dol. ;0 No. 2 200/ $,. /2/-/2

Oka%a %ra " onGior,io A,a#b!n to ar,7! for "in,7lariti!" to for# a o##7nit@ it+o7t affir#in, ani%!ntit@. 7 + a o##7nit@ o7l% b! $r!#i"!% on a b!li!f t+at +7#an" o-b!lon, it+o7t an@r!$r!"!ntabl! on%ition of b!lon,in, F$. 200 .T+i" i" an a#bitio7" b7t %oo#!% I7!"t. T+! "ort of

o##7nit@ +!r! !n i"ion!% i" %! oi% of t+! !#otional atta +#!nt" t+at r!infor ! "tron, o##7niti!" inr!al lif!. T+! "a% $artWan% +!r! a,r!! it+ Oka%a !ntir!l@W i" t+at t+!"! !#otion" "o !a"il@ r!"t on f!!lin," of!x l7"ion or !""!ntiali"t notion" of i%!ntit@ t+! "a%%!r $art i" t+at %on(t "!! +o t+! o##7nit@ +! "!!k" o7l%,!n!rat! lo@alti!" "7ffi i!nt to allo it" "7r i al.

Aga4ben5s alternati&e is to(ian an# i4(ossible)@4iel , FK!nn!t+ T+! at! of t+! Nation an% t+! 'it+!rin, of t+! tat! American Literary History $rin, $. 1&3 TO Prof!""or


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP13/3 ! "#rissfinall@ a o#$li"+!% int!rr7$tion FB!nHa#in 1&5/6 12;1 . '! fin% t+i" in al7!" t+at r!"i"t !x$loitation an% a""a7lt" 7$on +7#an %i,nit@. At+i" r!al# t+at 7rr!ntl@ r!I7ir!" 7r,!nt !#$+ati an% "i,nifi ant r!n! al.


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP1*/3 ! "#riss

> Whate&er eing? Alt Cails Whate&er being is i4(ossible to reali9e:6e can onl' e4(t' o t the conce(t of rights if thereis a concrete alternati&e)Bal' 0* F+tt$6CC .bor%!rlan%"!Ho7rnal.a%!lai%!.!%7.a7C ol;no1X200/C%al@Xnon iti)!n.+t# T+! non- iti)!n an% t+! on !$t of +7#an ri,+t" ran !" >al@ A7"tralian National 4ni !r"it@

200/ . '+at it i" t+at ! #i,+t ant a +7#an $ot!ntialit@ to #!an i" of o7r"! a o#$l!x %iffi 7lt an% o$!n-!n%!% i""7!. B7tit i" i#$ortant for7" to a"k +!t+!r a +7#an $ot!ntialit@ #7"t "tart fro# !#$tin!"". A,a#b!n r!$!at!%l@ r!f!r" to t+! n!!%to b!,in fro# a $la ! of a#or$+o7"n!"" an% ina t7alit@ a""7#in, t+at t+!r! i" "o#!t+in, t+at illn! !""aril@ follo fro# t+! "i#$l! fa t of +7#an !xi"t!n ! b7t +@ "+o7l% ! a""7#! t+i"S '+at #i,+t

on"tit7t! or for# t+i" $ot!ntialit@ i" "7r!l@ on !rn!% it+ +at i" lat!nt b7t a" @!t 7nr!ali)!%. or A,a#b!n t+!r! i" not+in, lat!nt t+at i" notalr!a%@ taint!% b@ a "!n"! of a ta"k t+at #7"t b! %on! FA,a#b!n 1&&;6 /; .T+!r! i" no abilit@ to a +i! ! an@ %i"$la !#!nt it +at i" $r!"!nt it+in al7!" of o##7nit@ an% H7"ti ! t+!r! i" onl@ an i##obili)in, not+in,n!"" t+ata""7#!" a fal"! !""!n ! o ation or %!"tin@. f t+! +at! !r b!in, t+at +! ont!n%" i" in%!!% !#!r,inan% it $o""!""!" a" +! ar,7!" an ori,inal r!lation to %!"ir! it i" ort+ +il! a"kin, +at t+i" %!"ir! i" f FA,a#b!n 1&&;6 10 . f it i" "i#$l@ lif! it"!lf t+!n it i" not l!ar +@ t+i" "+o7l% b! %! oi% of an@ ont!nt. An@ $ro !"" of !#$t@in, o7tof !ra"in, an% aboli"+in, "7 + a" t+at +i + A,a#b!n att!#$t" i" %on! for a r!a"on - it in ol !" ritiI7!

an% r!H! tion on t+! ba"i" n! !""aril@ t+at "o#!t+in, !l"! i" $r!f!rabl!. B7t A,a#b!n $ro i%!" 7" it+ !r@ littl! of +at i" n!!%!% to 7n%!r"tan% +o ! #i,+t !n,a,! it+ t+i" o$tion.
http://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.au/vol3no1_2004/daly_noncitizen.htmhttp://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.au/vol3no1_2004/daly_noncitizen.htm


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP1+/3 ! "#riss

o "4(actio(olitics is an e4(t' ter4 that is #e(lo'e# in the (lace of act al anal'sis of 4aterial

con#itions:their i4(act re(resentations block sef l criticis4) 8irno 02 FPaolo 4ni !r"it@ of


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Aga4ben En&erifiable Aga4ben5s 4etho#olog' is fla6e#:his arg 4ent is a giant assertion 6ith no (roof)

e6is F t!$+!n 9o#o a !r6 o !r!i,n Po !r an% Bar! Lif! F ! i! Modernism/Modernity 3.; $. 13 ProH! t M4 E 97#aniti!"Prof!""or at


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP1!/3 ! "#riss

AT are ifeThe conce(t of bare life o&er$#eter4ines the (o6er of the state:theories that e4(hasi9eresistance are 4ore (o6erf l)@esarino < egri 0* F

b!li! ! Gior,io i" ritin, a "!I7!l to Homo Sacer an% f!!l t+at t+i" n! ork ill b! r!"ol7ti ! for +i" t+o7,+tWin t+! "!n"! t+at +! ill b!for !% in it to r!"ol ! an% fin% a a@ o7t of t+! a#bi,7it@ t+at +a" I7alifi!% +i" 7n%!r"tan%in, of nak!% lif! "o far. 9! alr!a%@ att!#$t!% "o#of t+! "ort in +i" r! !nt book on aint Pa7l b7t t+ink t+i" att!#$t lar,!l@ fail!%6 a" 7"7al t+i" book i" !xtr!#!l@ l!arn!% an% !l!,ant it r!#ain+o ! !r "o#! +at tra$$!% it+in Pa7lin! !x!,!"i" rat+!r t+an on"tit7tin, a f7ll-fl!%,!% att!#$t to r! on"tr7 t nak!% lif! a" a $ot!ntialit@ for!xo%7" to r!t+ink nak!% lif! f7n%a#!ntall@ in t!r#" of !xo%7". b!li! ! t+att+! on !$t of nak!% lif! i" not an i#$o""ibl!7nf!a"ibl! on!. b!li! ! it i" $o""ibl! to $7"+ t+! i#a,! of $o !r to t+! $oint at +i + a %!f!n"!l!"" +7#an b!in, Uun povero Cristo V i" r7"+!% to on !i ! of t+at !xtr!#! $oint at +i + $o !r tri!" to !li#inat! t+at7lti#at! r!"i"tan ! t+at i" t+! "+!!r att!#$t to k!!$ on!"!lf ali ! . ro# a lo,i al "tan%$oint it i" $o""ibl! to t+inkall t+i"6 t+! nak!% bo%i!" of t+! $!o$l! in t+! a#$" for !xa#$l! an l!a% on! $r! i"!l@ in t+i" %ir! tiB7t t+i" i" al"o t+! $oint at +i + t+i" on !$t t7rn" into i%!olo,@6 to on !i ! of t+! r!lation b!t !!n$o !r an% lif! in "7 + a a@ a t7all@ !n%" 7$ bol"t!rin, an% r!infor in, i%!olo,@. A,a#b!n in !ff! t"a@in, t+at "7 + i" t+! nat7r! of $o !r6 in t+! final in"tan ! $o !r r!%7 !" !a + an% ! !r@ +7#an b!in"7 + a "tat! of $o !rl!""n!"". B7t t+i" i" ab"ol7t!l@ not tr7! On t+! ontrar@6 t+! +i"tori al $ro !"" tak$la ! an% i" $ro%7 !% t+ank" to a ontin7o7" on"tit7tion an% on"tr7 tion +i + 7n%o7bt!%l@ t+! li#it o !r an% o !r a,ainWb7t t+i" i" an !xtraor%inaril@ ri + li#it in +i + %!"ir!" !x$an% an% in +i + lif! b! o#!" in r!a"in,l@ f7ll!r. Of o7r"! it i" $o""ibl! to on !i ! of t+! li#it a" ab"ol7t! $o -!rl!""n!"" !"$! iall@ +!n it+a" b!!n a t7all@ !na t!% an% !nfor !% in "7 + a a@ "o #an@ ti#!". An% @!ti"n t "7 + a on !$tion of t+! li#it $r! i"!l@ +at+! li#it look" lik! fro# t+! "tan%$oint of on"tit7t!% $o !r a" !ll a" fro# t+! "tan%$oint of t+o"! +o+a ! alr!a%@ b!!n totall@ anni+ilat!% b@ "7 + a $o !rW +i + i" of o7r"! on! an% t+! "a#! "tan%

"n t t+i" t+! "tor@ abo7t $o !r t+at $o !r it"!lf o7l% lik! 7" to b!li! ! in an% r!it!rat!S "n t it far #or$oliti all@ 7"!f7l to on !i ! of t+i" li#it fro# t+! "tan%$oint of t+o"! +o ar! not @!t or not o#$l!t!l@

r7"+!% b@ $o !r fro# t+! "tan%$oint of t+o"! "till "tr7,,lin, to o !r o#! "7 + a li#it fro# t+!"tan%$oint of t+! $ro !"" of on"tit7tion fro# t+! "tan%$oint of $o !rU potenza VS


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP1 /3 ! "#riss

AT "4(act T rnsT rn liberal #e4ocratic (rotections (re&ent 4ilitar' action an# the sli#e to totalitarianis4:Aga4ben ignores the act al (ractice of h 4anitarianis4)Heins 0+ FDolk!r i"itin, $rof!""or of $oliti al " i!n ! at


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AT M sel4ann Aga4ben5s clai4 that the M sel4ann is the Ico4(lete 6itness5 n#er4ines the historicali4(ortance of other (ositions 6ithin A sch6it9) This 4 st be reDecte#)

e&i < ;othberg 03 FN!il Prof!""or of En,li"+ >r! 4ni !r"it@ Mi +a!l Prof!""or of En,li"+ t+! 4ni !r"it@ of @%n!@A7" + it) an% t+! !#nant" of T+!or@6 To ar%" an Et+i " of t+! Bor%!rlan%" F116 1C2 200; $,.;1-;2

'! o7l% al"o i%!ntif@a "! on% $robl!# it+ A,a#b!n " a$$roa +6 t+! ,ro7n%" for A,a#b!n " "!l! tion of t+!M7"!l#ann a" t+! o#$l!t! itn!"" ar! not l!ar. Et+i " aft!r A7" + it) #7"t tak! a o7nt of t+!M7"!l#ann b7t t+at %o!" not H7"tif@ tran"for#in, +i# into a f!ti"+ t+! "ol! "it! of t+! tr7t+ of t+! a#$".

f L! i " o n t!"ti#on@ i" on +i" o n a o7nt 7nr!$r!"!ntati ! t+at "7r!l@ %o!" not #!an t+at it +a" no tr7t+ ont!nt. T+! fa t t+at L! i +i#"!%i"tr7"t" t+! t!"ti#on@ of "a@ for#!r #!#b!r" of t+! on%!rko##an%o Ft+! a#$ in#at!" +o !r! for !% 7n%!r t+r!at of %!at+ to o$!rat!

r!#atoria i" no r!a"on to %i"I7alif@ "7 + t!"ti#on@ o7t of +an%. T+! $o !r of !"$it! +i" att!#$t to %! !lo$ a o#$l!x t+!or@ of t!"ti#on@ $r!#i"!% on t+!r!lation"+i$ b!t !!n t+! M7"!l#ann an% t+! "7r i in, itn!"" A ,a#b!n 7lti#at!l@ +o#o,!ni)!" t+! "it! of itn!"" b@$olari)in, t+o"! $o"ition". '+il! t+!r! i" arrant for "7 + a r!a%in, in L! i " t!xt" F!.,. L! i " notion of t+! %ro n!% an% t+! "a !%t+o"! t!xt" al"o in l7%! t+! +@$ot+!"i" of t+! ,ra@ )on! a )on! of !t+i al 7n !rtaint@ in +i + fi,7r!" "7 + a" t+! on%!rko##an%o ar!$ara%i,#ati . n fa t t!"ti#on@ fro# t+! ,ra@ )on! #a@ $ro ! a" ill7#inatin, abo7t t+! !t+i al +all!n,!" of t+! Na)i ,!no i%! a" t+at %!ri !%fro# an 7n%!r"tan%in, of L! i " $ara%ox. >!"$it! t+! "!rio7" r!"!r ation" !x$r!""!% b@ L! i abo7t t+! t!"ti#oni!" of fi,7r!" +o !r! for !% intot+! #o"t t!rribl! o#$li it@ it+ t+! Na)i" "7 + t!"ti#oni!" +a ! b!!n "+o n to b! of ,r!at al7! in 7n%!r"tan%in, t+! Na)i ,!no i%! an% in%in #akin, l!ar t+! n!!% for t+!or!ti al inno ation in or%!r to %o "o.5n +at r!#ain" on! of t+! #o"t $rofo7n% att!#$t" to

t+ink t+! Na)i ,!no i%! +i"torian an% "o ial t+!ori"t >an >in!r $ro$o"!" t+at Na)i a tion an b! #o"t!ff! ti !l@ ill7#inat!% fro# t+! $!r"$! ti ! of t+! ,ra@ )on! an% $arti 7larl@ t+at of t+! 7%!nr t! - t+

! i"+ o7n il" +o ran t+! ,+!tto" an% !r! +ar,!% to #ak! %! i"ion" abo7t +o o7l% b! allo !% to ork an% +o o7l% b! "!nt to t+! a#$" F1;0-1;5 . T+! o7n il" n!,otiat!% on t+! a""7#$tion t+at t+! Na)i" !r! rational -"$! ifi all@ t+at t+!@ o7l% not ant to !xt!r#inat! a $ro%7 ti ! labor "o7r ! +il! at ar. T+! Na)i" 7tili)!% t+i" a""7#$tion to fa ilitat! t+!killin, $ro !"" it+ +i + t+! o7n il" fo7n% t+!#"!l !" 7n"7"$! tin,l@ oo$!ratin,.t i" t+! ! i"+ o7n il" !x$!ri!n ! of$arti i$atin, in t+!ir o n %!"tr7 tion +il! a tin, a or%in, to t+! lo,i of "!lf-$r!"!r ation t+at >in!rt!r#" t+! o7nt!rrational. An% it i" in r!fl! tin, on t+! ! i"+ !x$!ri!n ! of Na)i o7nt!rrationalit@ t+at>in!r "a@" ! !n o7nt!r t+! li#it" of +i"tori al 7n%!r"tan%in,. Onl@ at t+i" li#it $oint a or%in, to >in!r an ! b!,in to t+ink t+! Na)i" ia +at +! all" n!,ati ! +i"tori al o,nition. '+il! ! o7l%n t ant to ,!n!rali)! t+!"tan%$oint of t+! 7%!nr t! a" t+! !""!n ! of t+! 9olo a7"t an@ #or! t+an ! o7l% t+at of t+! M7"!l#ann +!n r!a% alon,"i%! !a +ot+!r t+! ar,7#!nt" of A,a#b!n an% >in!r "tron,l@"7,,!"t t+! i#$ortan ! of #7lti$l@in, t+! !$i"t!#olo,i al"tan%$oint" fro# +i + ! a$$roa + t+! Na)i ,!no i%!.


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AT Totalitarianis4 "4(acts Aga4ben ignores the act al #ifferences bet6een #e4ocrac' an# totalitarianis4:his fail reto engage in cost$benefit assess4ent 4eans he5s a fanatic 6ho onl' thinks in absol tes)Heins 0+ FDolk!r i"itin, $rof!""or of $oliti al " i!n ! at


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--ASH %J--


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2A@

Poststr ct ralis4 criti= es totali9ing (rinci(les b t 4 st totali9e to #o it:#oesn5t reall'look to #i&ersit' beca se (reocc (ie# 6ith attacking realis4)Porter *) Ton@ FProf!""or of Politi al i!n ! M Ma"t!r 4ni !r"it@ E%itor"


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP2,/3 ! "#riss

---AST%; "B K---


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K Entr e Cor Asteroi#s

Their K is not tr e in the context of asteroi#s)Pek'no 0* F ob!rt t+!"i" $a$!r in f7lfill#!nt of a Ma"t!r" of i!n ! in $a ! t7%i!" 4ni !r"it@ oNort+ >akota T9E K: ALL NG6 >i"a"t!r Miti,ation Mana,!#!nt an% M!%ia r!,ar%in, t+! A"t!roi% 9a)ar% +tt$6CC .i#a,ina7ri7#. o#Cr!"!ar +Ca"t!roi%.$%f >9

tri tl@ "$!akin,t+!r! i" no "7 + t+in, a" a nat7ral %i"a"t!r. T+!r! ar! onl@ nat7ral +a)ar%" "7 + a" @ lon!" an%!art+I7ak!" Fan% a"t!roi%" .T+! %iff!r!n ! b!t !!n a +a)ar% an% a %i"a"t!r i" an i#$ortant on!. A %i"a"t!r tak!"$la ! +!n a o##7nit@ i" aff! t!% b@ a +a)ar% F7"7all@ %!fin!% a" an ! !nt t+at o !r +!l#" t+at o##7nit@(" a$a it@ to o

t i" #i"no#!r to talk abo7t nat7ral %i"a"t!r" a" if t+!@ !xi"t o7t"i%! t+! a tion" an% %! i"ion" of +7#an b!in," an% "o i!ti!". Allo in, a +i,+ %!n"it@ $o$7lation in floo% $lain" $oor or non-!nfor !% !art+I7ak! b7il%in, o%!" %!la@in,! a 7ation fro# ol ani "lo$!" $ro i%in, ina%!I7at! infor#ation or arnin," abo7t t"7na#i" ar! far #or! i#$ortant t+an t+! %i"a"t!r a,!ntit"!lf in r!atin, t+! a"7alti!" $ro$!rt@ an% ! ono#i lo""!" $"@ +olo,i al "tr!""!" an% %i"r7$tion" of ! !r@%a@ ro7tin!" t+at ar! t+! !""%i"a"t!r". f $!o$l! ar! li in, in 7n$rot! t!% floo% $lain" in non-!art+I7ak! $roof b7il%in," in kno n "!i"#i )on!" or n!xt to +!#i al $lant

o#$l!x!" t+!@ ar! r!atin, t+! n! !""ar@ on%ition" for a +a)ar% to ,!n!rat! a %i"a"t!r. n ot+!r or%"t+! i#$a t of t+! %i"a"t!r i"%!t!r#in!% b@ t+! !xt!nt of a o##7nit@(" 7ln!rabilit@ to t+! +a)ar%. T+! +7#an %i#!n"ion of %i"a"t!ri" t+! r!"7lt of t+! +ol! ran,! of fa tor" F! ono#i "o ial 7lt7ral in"tit7tional $oliti al an% ! !n $"@ +olo,i al t+at "+$!o$l!(" li !" an% r!at! t+! !n iron#!nt t+at t+!@ li ! in an% t+!ir r!"$! ti ! [email protected] ! !r for t+! a"t!roi% +a)ar% t+i" inot t+! a"!. All $!o$l! li in, on $lan!t Eart+ "+ar! a n!arl@ !I7al ri"k of b!in, aff! t!% b@ a NEO i#$a tan% ! !n t+! "#all!"t of obH! t" t+at o7l% "7r i ! t+ro7,+ t+! at#o"$+!r! ill o !r o#! a o##7nit@("abilit@ to o$!. or t+i" +a)ar% %i"a"t!r" annot b! attrib7t!% to +7#an +oi ! !x !$t$!r+a$" in t+!+!"itan ! to tak! t+! +a)ar% "!rio7"l@. To%a@r!"!ar +!r" +a ! a !$t!% t+at ro k" fro# "$a ! an an% %oi#$a t t+! Eart+ it+ $ot!ntiall@%i"a"tro7" on"!I7!n !". T+i" a" not tr7! +!n t+! NA A $a !,7ar% 7r !@ !$ort $ro i%!% aI7antitati ! !"ti#at! of t+! i#$a t +a)ar% an% on l7%!% t+at +7#an" ar! a" #7 + at ri"k fro# i#$a t" a"fro# !art+I7ak!" an% "! !r! "tor#" . o#! in t+! #!%ia ! !n tr!at!% t+i" ori,inal r!$ort it+ %!ri"ion. E !n to%a@ t+!r! i" a ,i,,l!fa tor a""o iat!% it+ lai#" t+at t+! "k@ i" fallin,. ana o+raba +!r F -!f!n"!


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP2!/3 ! "#riss

Asteroi# Threat Bistinct

#$a t t+r!at" fro# a"t!roi%" ar! %i"tin t fro# all ot+!r t+r!at" ont!xt %o!"n(t #att!r.Morrison 07 F>a i% P+> in a"trono#@ fro# 9ar ar% "!nior " i!nti"t at t+! NA A A"trobiolo,@

n"tit7t! NA A A#!" !"!ar + r@%!n M!%al for r!"!ar + of t+! A#!ri an n"tit7t! of A!rona7ti " an% A"trona7ti "

a,an M!%al of t+! A#!ri an A"trono#i al o i!t@ for $7bli o##7ni ation an% t+! Kl7#$k!- ob!rt"a ar% of t+! A"trono#i al o i!t@ of t+! Pa ifi for ontrib7tion" to " i!n ! !%7 ation


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Science %# cation k2 Sol&e

i!n ! !%7 ation abo7t a"t!roi%" i" k!@ to #iti,ation !ffort".9art !ll 05 F2005 'illia# >!$7t@ Ex! 7ti ! >ir! tor i i"ion of Eart+ an% E o"@"t!# i!n !" >!"!rt !"!ar +

n"tit7t! N! a%a @"t!# of 9i,+!r E%7 ation

n in%7"trial "o i!ti!"t+! !l!"tial on"tant" an% "o#! $+!no#!na +a ! b!!n r!l!,at!% to t+! r!al# of " i!ntifi7rio"it@ . 9o ! !r 7n7"7al tran"i!nt ! !nt" an tri,,!r "i,nifi ant alb!it oft!n bri!f r!"7r,!n !" in $7bli

int!r!"t. t i" l!ar t+at $7bli 7n%!r"tan%in, of an% int!r!"t in t+! n!ar-Eart+ obH! t i""7! +a" 7n%!r,on!tran"for#ation o !r t+! la"t %! a%!t+at a" initiat!% b@ t+! i#$a t of o#!t +o!#ak!r-L! @ & on 7$it!r.T+i" r!al- orl%! !nt an% t+! r!"7ltant $o$7lar 7lt7ral in!#ati $ro%7 tion" +!l$!% fo 7" t+! $7bli on t+! a t7al t+r!t+at n!ar-Eart+ obH! t" $r!"!nt an% al"o ,r!atl@ in r!a"!% $7bli a ar!n!"" an% $ot!ntial "7$$ort for%! !lo$#!nt an% i#$l!#!ntation of $7bli $oli @ on t+! i""7!. '+!n tar,!t"-of-o$$ort7nit@ ari"! "7 + a" f!at7r! fil#" a%%r!""in, to$i " of "!rio7" " i!ntifi on !rn" i!nti"t" "+o7l% tak!a $roa ti ! rol! in initiatin, an% $arti i$atin, in frank %i" 7""ion" t+at !n,a,! t+! $7bli on r!l! ant i""7!"%!$i t!% in #a"" $o$7lar 7lt7r! off!rin, orr! tion an% !x$lanation +!n a$$ro$riat! an% a ailin,t+!#"!l !" of t+! o$$ort7nit@ to !%7 at! abo7t t+! $ro !"" of " i!n ! at t+! "a#! ti#!. i!n ! fi tion fil# anal"o $r!"!nt !x !ll!nt o$$ort7niti!" to t!a + "t7%!nt" abo7t r!al " i!n ! an% t+! $ro !"" of riti al t+inkin, F>7b! k !t al. 1&88 . A" an a%%itio#!a"7r! $ro#otin, ,oo% ,!n!ral " i!n ! !%7 ation at all !%7 ational l! !l" ill !n"7r!" t+at t+! f7t7r! $7bli i" b!tt!r !I7i$$!% to in%!$!n%!ntl@! al7at! +!r! t+!ir "7$$ort "+o7l% b! fo 7"!% on "7 + i""7!". '! #a@ b! n!arin, t+! !n%-lif! of ontin7!% $o$7lar int!r!"t in $ot!ntial i#$a t " !nario" b7t r! !nt! !nt" "7 + a" t+! fl@-b@ of A"t!roi% /15& To7tati" in !$t!#b!r 200/ t+! i"it of o#!t C200/ i"ibl! to t+! nak!% !@! at t+! ritin, of tarti l! in >! !#b!r 200/ an% "i,nifi ant #!%ia att!ntion fo 7"!% on " i!ntifi !nt7r!" "7 + a" NA A(" >!!$

#$a t #i""ion ill !n"7r! t+at t+! "7bH! t r!#ain" in t+! $7bli !@!.


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--AST; P "T"@S--


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Per4

Per4 #o both the ex(loration an# #e&elo(4ent fosters a ni&ersal o&er$&ie6 that is a(rere= isite to (eace

St art !llo in Global Politi " in t+! >!$art#!nt of Go !rn#!nt at t+! Lon%on +ool of E ono#i " an% Politi al i!n ! F ill4nb7n%lin, "o !r!i,nt@ t!rritor@ an% t+! "tat! in o7t!r "$a ! T o a$$roa +!" ro# Securing $uter Space% E%it!% b@ Borr#an an% +!!anW


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T Per4

Per4 #o both the (lan challenges realist &iolent so&ereignt' in s(ace:the aff in the context ofinternational legal regi4es creates coo(eration instea# of co4(etition

St art !llo in Global Politi " in t+! >!$art#!nt of Go !rn#!nt at t+! Lon%on +ool of E ono#i " an% Politi al i!n ! F ill 4nb7n"o !r!i,nt@ t!rritor@ an% t+! "tat! in o7t!r "$a ! T o a$$roa +!" ro# Securing $uter Space% E%it!% b@ Borr#an an% +!!anW


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ink T rnS(ace ex(loration 6ill not be 4ilitari9e#:instea# it 6ill lea# to coo(eration an# better4onitoring of ar4s treatiesHa&ercroft an# B &all F onat+an P+.>. Minn!"ota "$! iali)!" in $oliti al t+!or@. 9i" $ri#ar@ r!"!ar + fo 7" i" on t+! +i"tori altran"for#ation of "o !r!i,nt@ in t+! %i" o7r"!" of $oliti al $+ilo"o$+@ fro# t+! 15t+ !nt7r@ to t+! $r!"!nt. 9! +a" al"o $7bli"+!% !""a@" ,ra$$lin

on !$tion" of fr!!%o# $o !r an% "o !r!i,nt@ in !arl@ #o%!rn an% ont!#$orar@ $oliti al t+o7,+t. 9i" ork +a" a$$!ar!%in Constellations an% Revie! o& 'nternational Studies an% a@#on% $rof!""or of $oliti al " i!n ! at t+! 4ni !r"it@ of Minn!"ota !7%n!@ t+o7,+ "!! >ol#an 2002a6 103-105 for an alt!rnat! int!r$r!tation of t+!"! ! !nt" a" !7%n!@ +a" not b!!n !x$li it abo7t +o +i" a"tro$oliti " of ollaboration o7l% alt!r orl% or%!r in +i" #or! t+!or!ti al ritin," +! +a" !laborat!% t+! lo,i of a lib!ral-r!$7bli an int!rnational "@"t!#. n a 2002 arti l! on ,!o$oliti " an% int!rnational t+!or@ +! %! !lo +at +! all!% a 6ori al "! 7rit@ #at!riali"t t+!or@ of ,!o$oliti "6


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S(ace Mil) "ne&itable

S(ace is alrea#' I6ea(oni9e# 5 6e D st 4ake it 4ore effecti&eK eter 07 $r!"i%!nt of t+! G!or,!


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP3!/3 ! "#rissF>r. ob!rt L. Pfalt),raf an% >r. 'illia# . Dan


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E)S) Bo4ination .oo#

ES S(ace #o4inance sol&es s(ace conflictBol4an 0+ : Prof!""or of


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o @hallengers

@ontin ing s(ace #o4inance 4akes challenging the ES cost (rohibiti&eBol4an 0, WProf!""or of


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AT Ar4s ;aces

S(ace 4il 6ill not ca se ar4s races:the ES can easil' o ts(en# an'one)Bol4an 0+ : Prof!""or of


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AT Cear inks

Cear of global catastro(he fro4 s(ace 6ill 4oti&ate coo(erati&e ex(loration an# cos4o(olitaninternationalis4:onl' a sense of o r frailt' 6ill ca se s to 4o&e be'on# so&ereign bor#ers

St art !llo in Global Politi " in t+! >!$art#!nt of Go !rn#!nt at t+! Lon%on +ool of E ono#i " an% Politi al i!n ! F ill 4nb7n"o !r!i,nt@ t!rritor@ an% t+! "tat! in o7t!r "$a ! T o a$$roa +!" ro# Securing $uter Space% E%it!% b@ Borr#an an% +!!anWra"ti %! !lo$#!nt" a"i%!if on! tak!" a far lon,!r ti#!lin! in lookin, into t+! f7t7r! it i" r!a"onabl! to a""7#! t+at!nt7ri!" a+!a% o7t!r "$a ! ill ontin7! to $la@ a rol! in r!I7irin, oo$!ration on !x$loration an% t+7"

$ot!ntiall@ Ft+o7,+ "lo l@in"$irin, a o"#o$olitan Fan% o"#olo,i alo7rlook . 19 Pro+ibiti ! o"t" for !x$loration a" !ll a"t+! ,!o,ra$+i al r!I7ir!#!nt of +a in, ,loball@ $la !% r! !i !r "tation" an% t+! b!n!fit" r! !i !% fro# "+arin, " i!ntifi infor#ationan% %ata F"7 + a" it+ Eart+#onitorin, "at!llit!" #a@ontin7! to #ak! bi, " i!n ! $roH! t" in "$a ! an ar!a of n! !""ar@ Fan% %!"irab

oo$!rationGlobali)ation #a@ al"o b! r!infor !% b@ f7t7r! t! +nolo,i!" t+at ontin7! to "+rink t+! orl% '+il! t+! %!,r!! to +i + ,lobali)ation i" a $o"itit+in, i" ob io7"l@ "7bH! t to %!bat! fro# a o"#o$olitan $!r"$! ti ! it i" r!a"onabl! to "7,,!"t t+att+! $+!no#!non of a $!r !i !%

"+rinkin, $lan!t #a@lead to a "tron,!r "!n"! of "+ar!% o##7nit@ or orl% "o i!t@ . at!llit! t! +nolo,@ r! ol7tioni)!% #!%ian% o##7ni ation" b@ $ro i%in, r!alti#! i#a,!" an% t!l! o##7ni ation" onn! tion" Pro$o"al" al"o !xi"t for tran"-"$a ! tra !l t+at o7l%%ra"ti all@ r!%7 ! t+! a#o7nt of ti#! n!!%!% for lon,-%i"tan ! tra !l a or%in, to on! !b"it! $la in, ! !r@ #aHor it@ in t+! orl% it+int+!


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AT Militar' A#&ent ris4

S(ace 4ilitari9ation #ecreases ES inter&entionis4)Bol4an 0+: Prof!""or of


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AT S(ace Mil) acklash

ES 4ilitari9ation of s(ace not seen as aggression:6e are 4aintaining the c rrent 6orl# or#er)Bol4an 0, WProf!""or of


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-- AB" E--


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@e#e the Politicala#io is not (oliticall' sef l beca se his alternati&e is too &ag e:he sa's that the e&ent si#e

ste(s the state b t an' alternati&e (olitics 4 st be able to refor4 the state to s ccee#)ro6n 0* FNi +ola" 4ni !r"it@ of llinoi" at

ontra%i tion +a" t+! tr!#!n%o7" a% anta,! of +a in, #o !#!nt b7ilt in a" it !r!6 t+! E !nt %o!" not a$$!ar o7t of an i##an!nt no +!r! b7t i"alr!a%@ f7ll@ $r!"!nt in it"!lf in t+! "it7ation +i + it !x$lo%!" in t+! #o !#!nt to for-it"!lf. M!an +il! t+! I7!"tion of t+! %ial! ti l!a%" 7" bat ofol% #!anin, of "tat! 6 bot+ t+! la an% or%!r t+at ,o !rn kno l!%,! an% la an% or%!r in t+! ! !r@%a@ "!n"!. T+i" i%!ntifi ation a7t+orBa%io7 " anti"tati"# for !f7ll@ r!fl! t!% in +i" o n $oliti al o##it#!nt t+! Or,ani"ation PolitiI7! F +o"! #!#b!r" %o not ot! +i + +a" #ali#it!% UEn% Pa,! ;03V b7t !ff! ti ! int!r !ntion" into t+! "tat7" of i##i,rant ork!r". n Ba%io7 " "@"t!# not+in, an +a$$!n it+in t+! "tat! o"it7ation inno ation an onl@ !#!r,! fro# an ! !ntal "it! on"tit7ti !l@ !x l7%!% fro# t+! "tat!. B7t an a $rin i$l!% in%iff!r!n ! to t+! "tat! ,ro$oliti "S T+! "tat! "7r!l@ +a" t+! f7n tion of "7$$r!""in, t+! anar +i $o""ibiliti!" in+!r!nt in t+! Fnational "it7ation. B7t it an al"o "7$$r!"" t+!$o""ibiliti!" !x$loit!% b@ an anar +i a$itali"#. t i" !ll kno n t+at t+! 7rr!nt ri,+ti"t "#all-,o !rn#!nt #o !#!nt i" an a""a7lt on t+! la""

o#$ro#i"! r!$r!"!nt!% b@ t+! K!@n!"ian "tat!. To b! "7r! on! "+o7l% b! "7"$i io7" of t+at o#$ro#i"! an% +at it !x l7%!%. B7t it al"o $rot! t ork!r" a,ain"t "o#! of a$itali"# " #or! bal!f7l !ff! t". A" it+ Et+i "Ba%io7 i" !rtainl@ %!" ribin, "o#!t+in,6 t+! 7to$ian#o#!nt of a total br!ak it+ t+! "tat! #a@ b! a $art of an@ ,!n7in! $oliti al tran"for#ation . B7t 7nl!"" ! ar! talkinabo7t t+! "a% ol% int!r$la@ of tran",r!""ion an% li#itW +i + $o"it!% t+! "tat! a" ba"i all@ $!r#an!nt it+ tran",r!""ion a" it" $!r#an!nt "7"$!n"it+i" anar +i #o#!nt "a@" not+in, abo7t t+! n! "tat! of affair" t+at ill 7lti#at!l@ b! i#$o"!% on t+! ,!n!ri"!t it on"tr7 t". 7r!l@ t+! onfi,7ration of t+at "tat! ill b! $ara#o7ntWin +i + a"! "tat! $o !r +a" to bfo7,+t for not #!r!l@ ! a%!%.


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Per4The state an# the re&ol tionar' (olitical s bDect can coo(erate in a#io 5s conce(tion of thealternati&e)Hall6ar# 03 F adiou: a sub)ect to truth P!t!r 9all ar% 4ni !r"it@ of Minn!"ota Pr!"" Minn!a$oli" C Lon%on 200; Prof!""or of Mo%!rnE7ro$!an P+ilo"o$+@

'! kno t+at Ba%io7 " !arl@ an% 7n!I7i o all@ +o"til! attit7%! to t+! "tat! +a" on"i%!rabl@ ! ol !%. 7"t +o far it +a" ! ol !% r!#ain" a l7n l!ar. 9i" on !$tion of $oliti " r!#ain"r!"ol7t!l@ anti on"!n"7al anti r!-$r!"!ntati ! an% t+7"anti%!#o rati Fin t+! or%inar"!n"! of t+! or% . >!#o ra @ +a" b! o#! t+! !ntral i%!olo,i al at!,or@ of t+! n!o-lib!ral "tat7" I7o an% an@ ,!n7in! $+ilo"o$+@ to%a@ i""o#!t+in, t+at !nabl!" $!o$l! to +a ! %on! it+ t+! %!#o rati "7b#i""ion to t+! orl% a" it i". 33 B7t +! "!!#" #or! illin, no to!n,a,! it+ t+i" "7b#i""ion on it" o n t!r#" . La >i"tan ! $olitiI7! a,ain off!r" t+! #o"t $r! i"! $oint" %! r!$Zr!. On t+! on! +an% tOP r!#ain" "7"$i io7" of an@ $oliti al a#$ai,nWfor in"tan ! an !l! toral ont!"t or $!tition #o !#!ntWt+at o$!rat!" a" a $ri"on!r of t+!$arlia#!ntar@ "$a !. 35 t r!#ain" an ab"ol7t! n! !""it@ Uof $oliti "V not to +a ! t+! "tat! a" nor#. T+! "!$aratiof $oliti " an% "tat! i" fo7n%ational of $oliti ". On t+! ot+!r +an% +o ! !r it i" no !I7all@ l!ar t+at"!$aration n!!% not l!a% to t+! bani"+#!nt of t+! "tat! fro# t+! fi!l% of $oliti al t+o7,+t. 38 T+! OP no on !i !"it"!lf in a t!n"! non%ial! ti al i"- - i" it+ t+! "tat! a "tan ! t+at r!H! t" an inti#at! oo$!ration Fin t+! int!r!"t" of a$ital a" #7 + a" it r!

an@ anta,oni"ti on !$tion of t+!ir o$!rationWa on !$tion t+at "#a k" of la""i"#.T+!r! i" no #or! +oi ! to b! #a%! b!t !!nt+! "tat! an% r! ol7tion t+! i"- - i" %!#an%" t+! $r!"!n ! of t+! t o t!r#" an% not t+! anni+ilation of on! of t+! t o.3&
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2A@ @a( T rn

a#io 5s s'ste4 fails:he has no 6a' to o&erco4e the enor4o s (o6er he attrib tes toca(italis4)

ro6n 0* FNi +ola" 4ni !r"it@ of llinoi" at

Ba%io7 annot t+ink


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riti i"# b7@" n!olib!ral r+!tori +ook lin! an% "ink!r6 #o"t a a%!#i " +o $la@ t+! "to k #ark!t %o "o b! a7"! 7ni !r"iti!" lik! #an@ ot!#$lo@!r" +a ! "+ift!% t+! b7r%!n of ri"k fro# t+!ir o n r!tir!#!nt "@"t!#" onto t+! in%i i%7al !#$lo@!!".


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%thics .oo#a#io 5s conce(t of ethics fails beca se it is i4(ossible to 4ake = alitati&e #istinctions

bet6een #ifferent sorts of e&il:lea#ing to abs r# res lts)ro6n 0* FNi +ola" 4ni !r"it@ of llinoi" at


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Alt Cailsa#io 5s alternati&e of ra#ical egalitarianis4 is n6orkable an# is base# on a faile# 4o#el of

co44 nis4)Hall6ar# 03 F adiou: a sub)ect to truth P!t!r 9all ar% 4ni !r"it@ of Minn!"ota Pr!"" Minn!a$oli" C Lon%on 200; Prof!""or of Mo%!rnE7ro$!an P+ilo"o$+@

Ba%io7 " $oliti " +a ! al a@" b!!n abo7t oll! ti ! !#an i$ation or t+! $robl!# of t+! r!i,n of lib!rt@ in infinit! "it7ation"F>O / f. T< 30 . 9i" $oliti al ,oal" +a ! r!#ain!% on"i"t!nt o !r t+! @!ar" "in ! ! !r@ +i"tori al ! !nt i" o##7ni"t to t+! %!,r!! t+ato##7ni"t %!"i,nat!" t+! tran"t!#$oral "7bH! ti it@ of !#an i$ation t+! !,alitarian $a""ion t+! %!a of H7"ti ! t+! ill to br!ak it+ t+!

o#$ro#i"!" of t+! "!r i ! %!" bi!n" t+! %!$o"ition of !,oi"# an intol!ran ! of o$$r!""ion t+! i"+ to i#$o"! a it+!rin, a a@ of t+! "tat!. T+!ab"ol7t! $r!!#in!n ! of #7lti$l! $r!"!ntation o !r r!$r!"!ntation. 8/ '+at +a" +an,!% i" o##7ni"# " #o%! of !xi"t!n !. n Ba%io7 " !arli!r ort+! $ra ti al Fif 7lti#at!l@ 7nattainabl! ,oal a" al a@" to !ff! t t+! a t7al +i"tori al a +i! !#!nt of "tat!l!"" o##7nit@. To%a@ in or%!r to $oliti " intrin"i r!lation to tr7t+ F>O /8Ba%io7 +a" +a% to l!t ,o of al#o"t an@ "ort of $oliti al !n,a,!#!nt it+ t+!! ono#i an% t+! "o ial. 9! ontin7!" to %! lar! a +oll@ !,alitarian $oliti " b7t a" r!"!r !% for a "tri tl"7bH! ti ! $lan!. T+! 7nI7alifi!% H7"ti ! of a ,!n!ri o##7ni"# fir"t $ro$o"!% in Marx " 18// Man7" rian% on !i !% in Ba%io7 " o n t!r#" a" t+! a% !nt of $7r! $r!"!ntation a" t+! 7n%i i%!% a7t+oriinfinit! or t+! a% !nt of t+! oll! ti ! a" "7 + FAM &1 r!#ain" t+! onl@ ali% "7bH! ti ! nor# for$oliti al t+o7,+t. T+i" "7bH! ti ! nor# +a" b! o#! ! !r #or! %i"tant +o ! !r fro# t+! %a@-to-%a@ b7"of obH! ti ! $oliti "6 t+! $ro,ra##ati $7r"7it of t+! ,!n!ri i%!al i" it"!lf no %i"#i""!% a" a o#anti %r!a# l!a%in, to frat!rnit@ t!rroFAM 101 .
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-- ATA" %--


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Per4Per4 sol&es best L ca(t res the benefits of social criticis4 6hile a&oi#ing the har4s of totalcontestation)

i +ar% W " >i"tin,7i"+!% Prof!""or of 9i"tor@ an%

$i! !#!al nor fro# it+in !ntail" an !t+o" of total ont!"tation . Jo take ataille5s theories too far L the (er4 is the best o(tion L 6e ha&e to a&oi#in#iscri4inate &iolenceK!nn!t+ "T K W"T 1& A""o iat! Prof!""or of P+ilo"o$+@ Mari!tta !at+an% !n"7alit@ Bataill! ontin7!" +ort of a $ara%oxi al a$a it@ to %!f!n% t+! in%!f!n"ibl! no on! o7l% "7,,!"t t+at t+! r7!lt@ of t+! +

7"tin! an% 7li!tt! "+o7l% not b! +ol!+!art!%l@ abo#inat!%. t i" a %!nial of t+! $rin i$l!" on +i + +7#anit@ i" fo7n%!%. '! ar! bo7n% to r!H!"o#!t+in, t+at o7l% !n% in t+! r7in of all o7r ork". f in"tin t 7r,!" 7" to %!"tro@ t+! !r@ t+in, ! ar! b7il%in, !

#7"t on%!#n t+o"! in"tin t" an% %!f!n% o7r"!l !" fro# t+!#. FBataill! 1&32 15&-80 T+i" $a""a,! i" r7 ial for 7n%!r"tan%inBataill! " !t+i ".4"7all@ Bataill! rit!" on b!+alf of t+! iol!n ! t+at r!#ain" 7naff! t!% b@ ab"ol7t! $ro+ibition". Pro+ibition"annot ob iat! t+i" tran"for#ati ! iol!n !. T+!r! i" al a@" a#$l! #oti ! to $ro%7 ! t+! !x$!ri!n !" of "a r!% tran"for#ation i.!. to tran",r!"" t+!

$ro+ibition". :!t "!lf-$r!"!r ation i" al"o a f7n%a#!ntal al7! for Bataill! t+!r! i" al"o a#$l! #oti ! to r!"i"t t+! iol!n !t+at %!ni!" t+! al7! of t+! !ll b!in, of lif! it"!lf . A" +! "a@" in t+! "! on% of t+! abo ! $a""a,!" ! #7"t on%!#n +at t+r!at!n"to %!"tro@ 7"o7r "o !r!i,n a"$iration" an b! tak!n too far. n anot+!r $a""a,! +! "$!ak" of o7r n!!% to b! o#! a ar!of . . . Uo7r"!l !"V an% to kno l!arl@ +at . . . Uo7rV "o !r!i,n a"$iration" ar! in or%!r to li#it t+!ir $o""ibl@ %i"a

on"!I7!n !" F1&32 181 .t i" +!n ! ar! i,norant of t+!"! a"$iration" t+at ! ar! #o"t 7ln!rabl! to t+!# !na tin,t+!# an@ a@ alb!it inatt!nti !l@ .


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%xt) Eselessness

The alternati&e fails to be transgressi&e L exten# the Mann e&i#ence L their sacrificialcons 4(tion fails to fail an# instea# is incor(orate# into an econo4' of ( re criticis4 L it failsto (re&ent &iolence an# instea# #e&ol&es into a (olitics 6hich lea&es behin# onl' cor(sesMore e&i#ence

an# t+!ori"t an% Ho7rnali"t1 2 Ni k T+! T+ir"t for Anni+ilation6 G!or,!" Bataill! an% Dir7l!nt Ni+ili"# an E""a@ in At+!i"ti !li,ion $a,! T+! na#! RBataill!( o7l% !a"il@ #i"l!a% 7". t #i,+t "!!# for in"tan ! a" if tran",r!""ion +a% a %!f!n ! a oi !. A! il o7l% b! a $raxi" or a a7"!. t i" in "7 + a@" t+at "!n"!l!"" lo"" #i,+t b! n!7trali)!% it+in rationalit@. T+!r! ar! !rtainl@ ,oo%r!a"on" for "!!kin, to r! on"tr7 t "o#! "7 + RBataill!(. t i" an 7nfort7nat! fa t t+at"7 + $roH! t" in! itabl@ fail not b! a7"! of "R%!at+ of t+! a7t+or( b7t b! a7"! of t+! %!at+ t+at i" $r! i"!l@ not t+at of t+! a7t+or or of an@bo%@ RBataill!("( irr!l! an ! i" %7! to a %!at+ %!n7%!% of all "o$+i"ti al orna#!ntation a %!at+ t+at i" t+! o! il an% a" "7 + "7ffi i!ntl@ in o##!n"7rat! it+ +i" %i" o7r"! to b! !xil!% to Rt+! i#$o""ibl!(onl@ $7n t7rin, +i"t!xt a" a %ark "+aft of ina o abl! i#$!r"onalit@. Lit!rat7r! i" it"!lf a ri#!.

Their arg 4ent #e&ol&es to nihilis4 for the sake of criticis4an# t+!ori"t an% Ho7rnali"t1 2 Ni k T+! T+ir"t for Anni+ilation6 G!or,!" Bataill! an% Dir7l!nt Ni+ili"# an E""a@ in At+!i"ti !li,ion $a,!

T+! i#$ortan ! of 9!,!l to Bataill! i" not i##!%iat!. t "t!#" fro# t+! +ara t!r of 9!,!lian t+inkin, a" a r!%!#$tion of Kantiani"# it" att!#$t to"a ! tran" !n%!ntal $+ilo"o$+@ fro# t+! l!t+al "$a"#" !llin, 7$ fro# it+in. rr!"$! ti ! of +i" o n i##!n"!l@ onf7"!% int!ll! t7al $roH! tBataill!(" r!a%in, of 9!,!l i" a r!,r!""ion into t+! ni+ili"ti #o#!nt7# of ritiI7! into a t+anatro$i"# +i + Kant lar,!l@#i" on !i !% an% +i + 9!,!l att!#$t!% to "$! 7lati !l@ !x i"!. 9!,!l(" $+ilo"o$+@ i" t+! lif!-"7$$ort #a +in! of Kantiani"# t+! #!%i al a$$arr!"$on%in, to a ri"i". '+!n Bataill! !x$lor!" t+i" #a +in! it i" not $ri#aril@ in or%!r to 7n%!r"tan% it" in+!r!nt$ot!ntialit@ for #alf7n tion b7t to !x a at! t+! !7t+ana"ia it $ro+ibit".

More e&i#encean# t+!ori"t an% Ho7rnali"t1 2 Ni k T+! T+ir"t for Anni+ilation6 G!or,!" Bataill! an% Dir7l!nt Ni+ili"# an E""a@ in At+!i"ti !li,ion $a,! t +a" oft!n b!!n "7,,!"t!%Wnot l!a"t b@ artr!Wt+atBataill! r!$la !" %ial! ti an% r! ol7tion it+ t+! $aral@"!% r! olt

tran",r!""ion. t i" tran",r!""ion t+at o$!n" t+! a@ to tra,i o##7ni ation t+! !x7ltation in t+! 7tt!ri##olation of or%!r t+at on"7##at!" an% r7in" +7#anit@ in a "a rifi ! it+o7t li#it". Bataill! i" a$+ilo"o$+!r not of in%iff!r!n ! b7t of ! il of an ! il t+at ill al a@" b! t+! na#! for t+o"! $ro !""!" t+atfla,rantl@ iolat! all +7#an 7tilit@ all a 7#7lati ! r!a"on all "tabilit@ an% all "!n"!. 9! on"i%!r" Ni!t)" +! to +a !a#$l@ %!#on"trat!% t+at t+! rit!ria of t+! ,oo%6 "!lf-i%!ntit@ $!r#an!n ! b!n! ol!n ! an% tran" !n%!nt in%i i%7alit@ ar! 7lti#at!l@ roo$r!"!r ati ! i#$7l"!" of a $! 7liarl@ "or%i% in!rt an% o ar%l@ "$! i!" of ani#al". >!"$it! +i" $"!7%o-"o !r!i,nt@ t+! O i%!ntal Go%Wa",7arantor of t+! ,oo%W+a" al a@" b!!n t+! i%!al in"tr7#!nt of +7#an r!a ti it@ t+! n7#bin,l@ anti-!x$!ri#!ntal $rin i$l! of 7tilitarian al 7l7". T%!f@ Go% in a !l!bration of ! il i" to t+r!at!n #ankin% it+ a% !nt7r!" t+at t+!@ +a ! b!!n %!t!r#in!% to o7tla .


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o ink ataille5s theor' of ex(en#it re #oesn5t a((l' to (ost4o#ern cons 4er ca(italis4 6hich is

base# on 4assi&e a4o nts of cons 4(tion an# 6aste L exactl' 6hat ataille a#&ocates) Jang 2000 F Ma@fair M!i-+7i Prof!""or of Ant+ro$olo,@ at t+! 4ni !r"it@ of

P7ttin, Global


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP+!/3 ! "#riss

%x(en#it re Cails@elebrating ex(en#it re for its o6n sake is non$sensical L their criticis4 links to itself)



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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP+ /3 ! "#riss

2A@ @ons 4(tion T rnataille is 6rong $ the 6orl#5s s ((l' of energ' an# reso rces is finite an# is being cons 4e#

ra(i#l' no6 risking extinction)T&erberg 07 FGail E. f!llo of t+!


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,0/3 ! "#riss$!rio% of ti#! l!t alon! !xt!n%!% to all t+! orl%(" $!o$l!. :!t o7r to$ $riorit@ i" to in r!a"! t+!# ontin7o7"l@ it+o7t li#it.T+i" i" t+! ba"i a7"! of t+! #an@ alar#in, "7"tainabilit@ $robl!#" no t+r!at!nin, o7r "7r i al.


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,1/3 ! "#riss

T @ons 4(tion T rnataille5s theor' of energ' is fla6e# L &ie6ing the 6orl# the 6a' he #oes lea#s to the colla(se of

ci&ili9ation an# sla&er' AllanST %K 2007 Prof!""or of r!n + an%

,i in, an% a"tin, rat+!r t+an $ro%7 tion an% a 7#7lation. '! an ar,7! t+!n t+at "olar !n!r,@ i" in%!!% al a@" $ro%7 !% al a@" i!x !"" Fat l!a"t in r!lation to t+! li#it!% lif! "$an" of in%i i%7al" an% ! !n "$! i!" 6 b7t it i" fo""il f7!l" t+at b!"t on"!r ! t+i" !n!r,@ an% %!li !r it inri + for# t+at ! +7#an" an !ff! ti !l@ 7"!. 4nfort7nat!l@ t+!"! f7!l" an b! %!$l!t!% in%!!% ar! in t$ro !"" of b!in, %!$l!t!%. '+@ i" t+i" i#$ortant in t+! ont!xt of Bataill!S or a !r@ "i#$l! r!a"on6 ifBataill! %o!" not orr@ abo7t !n!r,@ o"t an% %!$l!tion +! n!!% not orr@ abo7t !n!r,@ on"!r ation. Dirt7all@ ! !r@ ont!#$orar@ o##!ntator on !n!r,@ 7"! "!!" onl@ on! "+ort-t!r# "ol7tion6 on"!r ation. in ! fo""il f7!l" ar! not!a"il@ r!$la !abl! b@ r!n! abl! "o7r !" of !n!r,@ o7 r onl@ o$tion i" toin"tit7t! ra%i al $lan" for !n!r,@ on"!r ationWor ri"k t+! o#$l!t! olla$"o7r i ili)ation +!n in t+! n!ar f7t7r! oil oal an% nat7ral ,a" $ro%7 tion %! lin!" an% t+! $ri ! of f7!l n! !""aril@ "k@ro k!t".11 n%!!% "o#! o##!ntator" for!"!!in, t+! ! !nt7al o#$l!t! %!$l!tion of o""tor!" $r!%i t a r!t7rn to f!7%ali"# FP!r!l#an 1&81 or "i#$l@ a I7a"i-N!olit+i "tat! of +7#an 7lt7r! it+ a ra%i all@ r!%7 !% ,lobal $o$7lation FPri ! 1&& . 'it+o7t a t+!or@ of %!$l!tion t+!n

Bataill! an affor% to i,nor! on"!r ation in all "!n"!"6 not onl@ of r!"o7r !" an% !n!r,@ b7t al"o in labo !alt+ an% "o on. 9! an al"o i,nor!F$!r+a$" alar#i"t #o%!l" of 7lt7ral %! lin!. n Bataill! " i! !n!r,@ ill al a@" r!$ro%7 ! it"!lf it+ a "7r$l7"6 t+7" t+$robl!# of o7r i ili)ation i" +o ! a"t! t+i" !x !"". '! n!!% n! !r I7!"tion t+! !xi"t!n ! of t+! !n!r,@ "la !" t+at #ak! t+i""I7an%!rin, of t+! $ro%7 t" of +7#an labor an% of o7r o n ti#! an% !ffort $o""ibl!. Nor ill t+!r! n!!% tan@ on"i%!ration of t+! fa t t+at t+!"! irt7al !n!r,@ "la !" #a@ !r@ !ll in t+! not-"o-%i"tant f7t7r! b! r!$la !% b@ r!al +7#an "la !". F'+o or +at !l"! o7l% %o t+! orkS

%4bracing excess lea#s to extinction L conser&ation is ke' AllanST %K 2007 Prof!""or of r!n + an%


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,2/3 ! "#rissr!I7ir!% for #ilitar@ !x$an"ion Ft+! a"! a or%in, to Bataill! it+ "la# e1&53a 8;-&2 1&88 81-&1] b7t "oon t+at too " r!! +!" to a +"tat! an b! attain!% b@ %! otin, lar,! n7#b!r" of $!o$l! an% +7,! I7antiti!" of !alt+ an% labor to 7"!l!"" a ti it@6 t+7" t+! lar,! n7#b!r" of7n$ro%7 ti ! Tib!tan #onk" n7n" an% t+!ir la i"+ t!#$l!" F1&53a &;-108 1&88 &;-110 . Or #o"t notabl@on! an a"t! !alt+ in #ilitar@ b7il%7$ an% on"tant arfar!. No %o7bt t+i" "ol7tion k!$t $o$7lation" "tabl! in t+! $a"t Fon! t+ink" of on"tant battl!" b!t !!n o7t+ A#!ri a

n%ian trib!" b7t in t+! $r!"!nt Fi.!. 1&/&t+! +7,! a#o7nt" of !alt+ %! ot!% to #ilitar@ ar#a#!nt orl% i%! an onl@l!a% to n7 l!ar +olo a7"t F1&53a 1 &-30 1&88 13&-51 . T+i" final $oint l!a%" to Bataill!(" !r"ion of a 9!,!lian Ab"ol7t! Kno in,not "o #7 + on t+! !rtaint@ of a +i,+!r kno l!%,! a" on t+! !rtaint@ of a +i,+!r !x$!n%it7r! i#$ro$!rl@ on !i !% an t+r!at!n t+! !r@ !xi""o [email protected]!(" t+!or@ t+!n i" a $rofo7n%l@ !t+i al on!6 ! #7"t "o#!+o %i"tin,7i"+ b!t !!n !r"ion" of !x !"" t+

ar! on t+! " al! of t+! 7ni !r"! an% +o"! r! o,nition-i#$l!#!ntation ,7arant!!" t+! "7r i al of "o i!t@ Fan% +7#an!x$!n%it7r! an% ot+!r !r"ion" t+at !ntail blin%n!"" to t+! r!al rol! of !x$!n%it7r! an% t+!r!b@ t+r!at!n #an(" not to #!ntiont+! $lan!t(" "7r i al. T+i" in !r@ ro7,+ o7tlin! i" t+! #ain t+r7"t of Bataill!(" book. B@ i! in, #an a" a"t!r rat+!r t+an on"!r !r Bata#ana,!" to in !rt t+! 7"7al or%!r of ! ono#i "6t+! #oral i#$!rati ! "o to "$!ak i" t+! f7rt+!rin, of a ,oo% !x$!n%it7r! +i ! #i,+t lo"! "i,+t of if ! "tr!"" an in! itabl@ "!lfi"+ #o%!l of on"!r ation or 7tilit@ . or if on"!r ation i" $7t fir"t in! itabl@ bottl!%-7$ for !" ill br!ak loo"! b7t in 7nfor!"!!n an% in "o to "$!ak 7nt+!ori)!% a@". '! "+o7l% fo 7" o7r att!ntion not on on"!r ation#aint!nan ! an% t+! "t!a%@ "tat! +i + an l!a% onl@ to #a"" %!"tr7 tion an% t+! 7lti#at! a"tin, of t+! orl% b7t in"t!a% on t+! #o%!" oin +i + ! a" +7#an ani#al" "+o7l% !n,a,!. B7t +o %o!" on! ,o abo7t $ri il!,in, a"t! in an !ra in +i + a"t! "!!#" to b!t+! root of all ! ilSO !r fift@ @!ar" aft!r t+! $7bli ation of T+! A 7r"!% +ar! ! li ! in an !ra in +i + n7 l!ar+olo a7"t no lon,!r "!!#" t+! #ain t+r!at . B7t ot+!r %an,!r" l7rk on!" H7"t a" t!rrif@in, an% %!finiti !6,lobal ar#in,%!for!"tation an% t+! %!$l!tion of r!"o7r !" abo ! all !n!r,@ r!"o7r !"6 oil oal ! !n 7rani7#.9o an ! $o""ibl@ talk abo7t alori)in, a"t! +!n a"t! "!!#" to b! t+! $rin i$l! ! il t+r!at!nin, t+! ontin7!% !xi"t!n ! of t+! bio"$+!r! on +i + ! %!$!n%S 'o7l%n(t it #ak! #or! "!n"! to "tr!"" on"!r ation "7"tainabilit@ %o n"i)in, rat+!r t+an ,lorio7" !x !""S


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,3/3 ! "#riss

2A@ Cacis4 T rn

The alternati&e res lts in fascis4 L it is i4(ossible to #ra6 the line bet6een >goo#? s b&ersi&e &iolence an# >ba#? totalitarianis4 L ataille5s e4brace of the for4er ine&itabl' res lts in thelatter)



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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,*/3 ! "#risst+! int!r!"t" U*;8;Vof #aintainin, or%!r an% national an% $art@ 7nit@. n21 Ot+!r !xa#$l!" in l7%! t+! ,o !rn#!nt lar,!l@ i,norin, o$$r!""ion of an% iol!n ! a,ain"t Afri an-A#!ri an o#!nn22 an% a lon, +i"tor@ of ,o !rn#!ntal tol!ran ! of $ri at! o$$r!""ion of o#!n an% +il%r!n t+ro7,+ iol!n !. n2;

ataille5s notions of s bDecti&it' are consistent 6ith a9is4 L lea# to extinctionla oHi9ek 1 , T+! n%i i"ibl! !#ain%!r6 An E""a@ on +!llin, an% !lat!% Matt!r" $. 12/-

T+i" notion of t+! #o%!rn


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,+/3 ! "#riss

T Cacis4 T rn

The affir4ation of ncon#itional ex(en#it re lea#s to fascis4:the concentration ca4( is the4o#ern fig re of a totall' seless loss

ell M.A. T+!"i" in t+! T+!or@


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,,/3 ! "#rissThe criti= e e4braces a #e&astating fascis4 L this is intrinsic to ataille5s (hiloso(h')


on"7##at! !#bo%i#!nt of %!#o rati rationali"#. t "@#boli)!" ! !r@t+in, t+!@ %!t!"t abo7t t+! r!i,nin, or%!r6 it"7n+!roi lon,in, for "! 7rit@ it" o$$o"ition to r! ol7tion it" ab+orr!n ! of tran" !n%!n ! it" a !r"ion to italitint!n"it@. or Bataill! la #!rit" %!ri"ion U!n% $a,! 15;Vin"ofar a" it "tan%" for a on"! ration of t+! $rofan! or%!r of!xi"t!n ! t+at i#$!%!" $roxi#it@ to ar%" t+! "a r!%W inti#a @. Bataill! " !n%or"!#!nt of fa" i"t $oliti " 7l#inat!" int+! follo in, ,lo in, !n o#i7#6 9!t!ro,!n!o7" fa" i"t a tion b!lon," to t+! !ntir! "!t of +i,+!r for#". t #ak!" ana$$!al to "!nti#!nt" tra%itionall@ %!fin!% a" !xalt!% an% nobl! an% t!n%" to on"tit7t! a7t+orit@ a" an 7n on%ition$rin i$l! "it7at!% abo ! an@ 7tilitarian H7%,#!nt.38 '+!r!a" bo7r,!oi" 7tilitariani"# "an tifi!" t+! $ro"! of t+! orl% F9!,!l fa" i"# off!r" a n! $oliti al a!"t+!ti . t r!intro%7 !" an a!"t+!ti $oliti " t+at for!,ro7n%" t+! al7!" of an! "tati o##7nit@ $ri)!% b@ Bataill!6 +ari"#a F "o !r!i,nt@ iol!n ! an% #artial ,lor@. Bataill! r! !r!" fa" i"# in"ofaa" it 7l- ti at!" an !#otional at+!xi" b!t !!n l!a%!r" an% #a""!"Wa bon% t+at +a" ,ro n $r! ario7"l@ !ak in #o%!r%!#o ra @. A or%in, to Bataill! fa" i"# l!arl@ %!#on"trat!" +at an b! !x$! t!% fro# a ti#!l@ r! o7r"! tor!a ak!n!% aff! ti ! for !". t $ro#i"!" a #!a"7r! of oll! ti ! "oli%arit@ in a "o i!t@ ot+!r i"! "7ff7"!% it+fra,#!ntation an% ano#i!. n "7# fa" i"# allo " for t+! r!$ri"! of an ! "tati $oliti " a#i% t+! forlorn an% %i"!n +anlan%" a$! of $oliti al #o%!rnit@ . 9!r! it i" ort+ r! allin, B!rnar%-9!nri L! @ " r!#ark t+at Ufa" i"#V i" in t+! fir"t in"tan ! a t@$! of "o#o%!l of o##7nit@ a #ann!r of t+inkin, an% of or,ani)in, t+! "o ial bon%. 3& or on! of t+! $ro#in!nt l!it#otif" of Bataill! " !arl@ ork on !rt+! r!n! al of aff! ti ! !n!r,i!" a""o iat!% it+ t+! o##7nitarian bon% $r! al!nt in $r!#o%!rn "o i!ti!". 9i" $r!o 7$ation it+ "a rifi ! t+! "a ran% t+! $ro"$! t" for $oliti al r!birt+ !#bo%i!% in fa" i"t a tion ar! o#$r!+!n"ibl! in t+!"! t!r#" alon!. A" on! o##!ntator +a" a$tl@ r!#ark!%

on !rnin, Bataill! " int!r$r!tation of fa" i"# a" a for# of t+! "a r!% or +!t!ro,!n!o7"6T+! or"+i$ of Ot+!rn!"" +i + 7n%!rli!"UBataill! "V on !$t of t+! "a r!% in! itabl@ l!a%" to an a kno l!%,#!nt of t+! attra tion +i"tori al fa" i"# !x!rt" t+! #ana of it" l!a%!r". T+! at!,or@ of t+! +!t!ro,!n!o7" a" Bataill! %!fin!" it ontain" "o #7 + t+at i" nat7r! rat+t+an +i"tor@ t+at it" r!$!at!% a$$li ation to U!n% $a,! 15/V#anif!"tation" of fa" i"t $o !r I7it! l!arl@ $ro%7 ! a#@t+ifi ation.

ataille celebrates an# glorifies 6ar for 6ar5s sake:his i#eas are the fo n#ation of fascis4) Wolin 200, F i +ar% >i"tin,7i"+!% Prof!""or of 9i"tor@ at t+!

n t+! orl% i! of bot+ Bataill! an% t+at of G!r#an @o7n, on"!r ati !" ar $la@" an !""!ntial $o"iti.t "!r !" a" a #!an" of %i""ol in, t+! principium individuationis 6 t+! $rin i$l! of a bo7r,!oi" "7bH! ti it@ on +i + t+! +o#o,!no7" or%!r of "o i

orl% of lon!lin!"" an% fra,#!ntation %!$!n%". or a or%in, to Bataill! t+!general #o !#!nt of lif! i"... a o#$li"+!% b!@on% t+! %!#an%" of in%i i%7al".;2 t i" in $r! i"!l@ t+i" "$irit t+at +! !l!brat!" t+! non-7tilitarian nat7r!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_York


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,7/3 ! "#rissof o#bat or ar a" a t@$! of a!"t+!ti i"t !n% in it"!lf6 ;lory 1&8; an% !an-L7 NanF La Communaute desoeuvree> 1&8 .

ataille5s (hiloso(h' e4(hasi9es the #estr ction of 6ar an# conflict Wolin 200, F i +ar% >i"tin,7i"+!% Prof!""or of 9i"tor@ at t+!

Mor!o !r t+! 7lt7ral attit7%!" of bot+ $!gn,l!r an%Bataill! ar! link!% b@ an a!"t+!ti " of iol!n ! t+at i" +i,+l@+ara t!ri"ti of t+! front ,!n!ration. n a k!@ $a""a,! in*he ?ecline o& the 3est $!#,l!r %!$i tin, t+! lif!- orl% of bloo% an%

in"tin t t+at +a% b!!n r!$r!""!% b@ t+! a7"tian "$irit of #o%!rnit@ ob"!r !"6 'ar i" t+! $ri#ar@ $oliti " of everything t+at li !"an% "o #7 + "o t+at in t+! %!$t+" battl! an% lif! ar! on! an% b!in, ill-to-battl! !x$ir! to,!t+!r. 28 i#ilarl@ for 7n,!r 'ar i"an intoxi ation b!@on% all bon%". t i" a fr!n)@ it+o7t a7tion" an% li#it" o#$arabl! onl@ to t+! for !" of nat7r!.2& Bataill! Ft+! #!anin, of+i" na#! in r!n + "+o7l% b! r! all!% tooi" on in !% t+at onfli t i" lif!. Man(" al7! %!$!n%" on +i" a,,r!""i !"tr!n,t+. A li in, #an r!,ar%" %!at+ a" t+! f7lfill#!nt of lif! +! %o!" not "!! it a" #i"fort7n!. ... M: EL AM 'A . ;0 A" a@ ob"!r !" in t+i" onn! tion6 on a %!!$!r l! !l t+! arU'orl% 'ar V "!!#" to +a ! !x!r i"!% a !rtain $o"iti !fa" ination Uon Bataill!V. or it i" "trikin, t+at #an@ of Bataill!(" ob"!""i ! t+!#!" o7l% b!tra@ an affinitt+! !x$!ri!n !" of %!,ra%ation $oll7tion iol!n ! an% o##7nal bon%in, t+at !r! +ara t!ri"ti of lif! in t+! tr!n +!".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_University_of_New_York


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP,!/3 ! "#riss

2A@ Pri4iti&is4 T rn

ataille5s criti= e glorifies (ri4iti&is4i +ar% W " 200* >i"tin,7i"+!% Prof!""or of 9i"tor@ an% of t+!


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP, /3 ! "#riss

"nternal link t rn L e&inas

T rn L transgression creates an obligation to the ther L not free#o4H #ek 7 FAnton@ !"!ar + !llo at


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Alt CailsTheir theor' of ex(en#it re is re# ctionist:( re ex(en#it re is not (ossible

ol#t$"rons 1 + UL!"li! Ann! On Bataill!6


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Alt N stifies Atrocit' ataille is sick an# t6iste#

Pa7l Mann 1 T+! Aft!rlif! of t+! A ant-Gar%! inMa"o riti i"# $. 1 -3n t+!ir o n a@Bataill!(" i%!a" ar!at l!a"t a" tro7blin, a" a%!(".T+!@ "!!# toin it! 7" to rationali)! ra#$anton"7#!ri"# to !x 7"! toxi %7#$in, an ot+!r !n iron#!ntal %i"a"t!r" to ro#anti i)! n7 l!ar +olo a7"t

F +at #or! ,lorio7" an% "olar !x$!n%it7r! of lif!S or to "$!ak abo7t $o !rt@ a" l7x7r@ an% l!a ! t+! $oor toin t+! "tr!!t" . P!r+a$" t+at i" +at Bataill! ant" 7" to t+ink an% if "o on! #i,+t !ll b! tro7bl!% b@ +i" ritin, .

ataille belie&es h 4an sacrifice is the lti4ate for4 transgression$ this (ro&es his alt is a6f l)Pa&lo&ski 200+ FLin%a !%itor for t+! %ataba"! Enot!" an% of #7lti$l! a a%!#i oll! tion" Bataill! G!or,!"6 ntro%7 tion T !n

Bataill! "o7,+t "o !r!i,nt@ t+ro7,+ lo"" of "!lf +i + i" a +i! !% t+ro7,+ tran",r!""ion an% !x !"" notabl@ t+ro7,+ la7,+t!r r!li,io7" ! "ta"@"a rifi ! !roti i"# %!at+ an% $o!tr@.


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2A@ @i&ili9ation/Besire@i&ili9ation an# or#er #o not re(ress h 4an instincts L their theor' is f n#a4entall' fla6e#an# (ro&i#es no ex(lanation for the s ((ose# contra#iction bet6een #esires againstci&ili9ation an# h 4anities constant atte4(ts to f rther ci&ili9ation L social bon#s are aninherent (art of the h 4an con#ition L not #estr ction 8init r!a%!r of $+ilo"o$+@ at t+! orbonn! 4ni !r"it@1 + Pa7l P!nnil!"" Pr!"" ""7! 1+tt$6CC .$!nnil!""$r!"". o.7kC$ro"!Cfr!7%Xan%Xt+!X#@t+XofXin"tin t.+t#T+i" $r!"7$$o"!" t+at in%i i%7al" ar! !n,a,!% in an att!#$t to aboli"+ i ili)ation t+at it i" a %!"ir!+arbo7r!% b@ ! !r@on! b! a7"! i ili)ation tra##!l" o7r in"tin t". '! ant to li ! a or%in, to in"tin t. '! ant t+ati" to o##it in !"t annibali"# an% #7r%!r ! f!!l t+at if onl@ ! o7l% ! o7l% b! fr!!. :!t t+i" onl@%!!$!n" t+! #@"t!r@6 if o7r %!"ir! to %o t+!"! t+in," i" "o "tron, +@ 7ni !r"all@ +a ! ! r!at!% 7 +i + #ilitat! a,ain"t t+!#S 7r!l@ t+i" i" $o""ibl! onl@ b! a7"! ! +a ! a ill +i + i" "tron,!r t+an o7r

in"tin t" . B7t t+i" r!t7rn" 7" to t+! $robl!# t+at an in"tin t +i + i" not $o !rf7l !no7,+ to %i tat! b!+a io7r i" "o#!t+in, l!"" t+an an in"tin t. 7rt+!r r!7% "7,,!"t" +!r! t+at t+! abolition of i ili)ation i" in%!!% $o""ibl! t+at+7#ankin% an r!t7rn to a "tat! of nat7r! %iffi 7lt t+o"! t+i" o7l% b! to b!ar. '+at it i" fair to a"k o7l% a "tat! of nat7r! look lik!S An%of nat7r! i" "o#!+o t+! ori,inal on%ition of +7#ankin% +@ an% +o %i% ! l!a ! itS r!7% " #@t+ of t+! #7r%!r of t+! $ri#! al fat+!r i" an" !r !"$! iall@ for a o7l%-b! " i!nti"t.T+! $robl!# it+ t+! i%!a of a "tat! of nat7r! i" t+at it $r!"7$$o"!" a $la ! inat7r! for +7#anit@ t+at i" not ontra%i tor@. t "7$$o"!" t+at +7#anit@ an b! !#b!%%!% in nat7r! a"

o#$l!t!l@ a" t+! b!!. :!t t+i" o7l% onl@ b! "o if ! !r! in a$abl! of r!atin, i ili)ation for t+! latt!r i b7ilt o7t of o7r ontra%i tor@ $la ! in t+! nat7ral or%!r.


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T @i&ili9ation/BesireTheir arg 4ent that the (lan is the root ca se of &iolence beca se it re(resses h 4an5snat rall' #estr cti&e an# cons 4(ti&e instinct is e(iste4ologicall' fla6e# L exten# the 8inite&i#ence L their arg 4ent cannot ex(lain the inherent contra#iction bet6een o r s ((ose# &iolent instinct an# o r contin ing creation of ci&ili9ation L the onl' scientificall' so n#concl sion is that social bon#s are an inherent (art of the h 4an con#ition an# that#estr ction is nnat rall' affir4e# 6ithin c lt ral nor4sMore e&i#ence L 8init r!a%!r of $+ilo"o$+@ at t+! orbonn! 4ni !r"it@1 + Pa7l P!nnil!"" Pr!"" ""7! 1+tt$6CC .$!nnil!""$r!"". o.7kC$ro"!Cfr!7%Xan%Xt+!X#@t+XofXin"tin t.+t#T+i" i" not " i!n ! it i" "nobb!r@ an% it i" br!at+takin, t+at a #an +o t+o7,+t of +i#"!lf a" a %i"$a""ionat! " i!nti"t o7l% in l7%! "7 + a "7bH al7!-la%!n H7%,!#!nt in +at $7r$ort" to b! a " i!ntifi tra t.r!7% " on i tion t+at t+! in"tin t" ar! %!"tr7 ti ! an%anti"o ial i" of a $i! ! it+ +i" b!li!f t+at #a""!" ar! la)@ an% 7nint!lli,!nt . t i" a $r!H7%i ! +i + +i" i" !"tabli"+!% to !n o#$a"". To "!ar + r!7% " ork for ! i%!n ! of t+! %!"tr7 ti ! nat7r! of t+! in"tin t" b! %i"a$$oint!%. 9i" t+!or@ a""7#!" t+at t+!@ ar! %!"tr7 ti !. ti" in%!!% b7ilt o7t of t+! "7$$o"ition t+at t+!@ ar!. :!t+o ar! ! to kno +at i" in"tin ti ! S 9o %o ! %ra t+! lin! b!t !!n in"tin t an% +at i" l!arnt ! o7r"!l !" r!at! o7t of t+! biolo,i all@ ,i !nS ro# t+! $oint of i! of t+i" $robl!# Ma M7rra@ " %!finition i" #7 + #or!a%!I7at!. f ! a !$t t+at +at i" in"tin t7al i" n! !r l!arnt t+at an in"tin t i" a "$! ifi a%a$tation to !n iron#!nt t+!n ! an "!! t+at t+!+on!@ o#b b7il%in, of t+! b!! %!"!r !" to b! all!% in"tin t7al +il! an a t of +7#an in !"t %o!"n t.


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ataille on$Calsifiable

ataille is 6rong:his theories of #eath an# sacrifice are base# on non$falsifiable assertionscontra#icte# b' real 6orl# anthro(ological #ata

lson All!,+!n@ an ! r!$r!"!nt" a "o iall@ 7#f@#, a ti it@a ti it@ an% a +an ! to r!"ol ! a onan in%i i%7al !,o an% t+! a%H7"t#!nt to t+! $+@"i al an% "o ial for !". An% L! i" F1&526 /5 #t!r$r!t" t+! 7n >an ! in t!r#" of it" ario7" f77#f@#, for ! #aintainin, tribal tra%ition" in"7rin, tribal !ll-b!#, in +7nt#, an% arfar! off!rin, to t+! %an !r $!r$!t7al $r!"ti,!. $ro$o"!off!nn, a %iff!r!nt #t!r$r!ti ! a$$roa + for t+! 7n >an ! t+at nti all@ r!fl! t" on Bataill! " t+!or@ A or%in, to t+i" int!r$r!tation t+! 7n >at+! io7x !x+ibit" a t+r!!fol% "i,nifi an !6 !xi"t!ntial "o ial an% o"#i . n ot+!r or%" if on! !xa#in!" t+! #an@ "@#bol" a""o iat!% it+ t+ ill "!! t+at t+i" "a nfi ! !nabl!" on! to attain t+r!! l! !l" of b!in,. '+il! t+! "a r!% $ol! a" b!#, $a#t!% #"tr7 tor" an% "t7%!nt" "at # a ir l!

aro7n% t+! bla k $aint!% fi,7r!" of a b7ffalo an% #an !a + %!- $i t!% it+ !xa,,!rat!% ,!#tal" # or%!r to i#$art to t+! #an t+! $ot!n @ of @a$atron-,o% of lib!rt#i"# an% to t+! b7ffalo t+! $ot!n @ of Gna"ki t+! ra)@ b7ffalo an% $atron-,o% of li !ntio7"n!"" F'alk!r 1&806 105-108 . A or%in, to Bla k Elk " non-n"I7c int!r$r!tation of t+! i#a,!" t+! b7ffalo r!$r!"!nt!% all t+! fo7r-l!,,!%ani#al" on t+! !art+ an% t+! fi,7r! of t+! #an "i,nifi!% all $!o$l! FBro n 1&5& 5& .n ontra"t Bataill! o7l% bI7i k to "!i)! on t+! !roti onn! tion" of t+! $atron ,o%" of lib!rtini"# an% li !ntio7"n!"". 9o ! !r if t+!!roti i" a I7!"t for "!n"7al $l!a"7r! r!$r!- "!nt" a r!al# of $la@ an% r! !al" a for!ta"t! of ontin7it@it annot b! 7"!%to int!r$r!t t+! #!anin, of @a an% Gna"ki b! a7"! it+in t+! ont!xt of t+! 7n >an ! t+!@ #or! $o !rf7ll@"7,,!"t t+! r!n! al an% r! r!ation #otif" of t+! rit!. Bataill! " on !$t of !roti i"# al"o o7l% not fit into anin"i,+tf7l int!r$r!tation of t+! 7n >an ! a" a %o#inant t+!#! of t+! rit! b! a7"! of it" anti-"o ial +ara t!r aa "olitar@ a ti it@ a o#$li"+!% # "! r!t. T+! +!t!rolo,i al #!t+o% of Bataill! i" int!n%!% to all! iat! t+!

ontra- %i tion" of lif! an% fr!! t+! in%i i%7al fro# t+! +o#o,!n!it@ of t+! orl%. n ontra"t to Bataill!in"i"t!n ! on a "!ar + for ra%i al %iff!r!n ! t+! orl%- i! of t+! io7x !#bo%i!% # t+! "@#boli a"$! t" of t+! 7n >an

on- !i !% a" an off!rin, of bo%@ an% "o7l to 'akan-Tanka Ft+! Gr!at $#t"7,,!"t" a +o#o,!n!o7" i! of t+! o"#o" . T+! 7# !r"!for #"tan ! i" r!$r!"!nt!% b@ t+! ro7n% for# of t+! !r!#o#al %r7# +o"! "t!a%@ b!at i" t+! t+robb#, at t+! !ntr! of t+! o"#o" FBro n 1&5& 'it+in t+! ont!xt of t+! 7n >an ! t+! o"#i $illar of t+! 7# !r"! i" r!$r!"!nt!% b@ t+! otton oo% tr!! +i + f7rt+!r r!$r!"!nt" t+! !n!#@ +o"@#boli all@ kill!% an% tran"$ort!% ba k to t+! !ntr! of t+! a#$ a#$ b@ #!an" of "ti k" b! a7"! +7#an +an%" ar! not allo !% to to7 + t+! bont7al $arti - i$ant" on"! rat! t+! tr!! it+ t+! "t!# of t+! "a r!% $i$! anot+!r "@#bol of t+! !art+ t+! b7ffalo an% ! !r@t+in, t+at li !" an% ,rot+! !art+. On ! t+! tr!! i" tri##!% of it" bran +!" an% it" "i%!" an% bran + ti$" ar! $aint!% r!% t+! ra +i%! !ffi,i!" of a #an an% a b7ffalo ar!"7"$!n%!% fro# t+! ro""$i! ! of t+! "a r!% tr!! +i + i" t+!n $la !% into a +ol! at t+! !ntr! of t+! a#$. T+! "a r!% tr!! not onl@ "7,,!"t" a 7#$illar b7t it al"o r!$r!"!nt" t+! a@ a@ of t+! $!o$l! FBro n 1&5& 3& 5 -53 . Ot+!r o"#i "@#bol" ar! t+! "7n an% !art+ "i,nifi!% b@ a r!%"@#boli of all t+at i" "a r!%. n t+! !ntr! of t+! ir l! r!$r!"!ntin, t+! "7n i" a bl7! ir l! +i + "7,,!"t" 'akan-Tanka t+! !ntr! of t+! o"#o" anall !xi"t!n ! FBro n 1&5& 51-52 . Mor!o !r t+! lo%,! of t+! 7n >an ! i" o#$o"!% of t !nt@- !i,+t $ol!" !a + "i,nif@in, an obH! t of r!at"tak!% # a ir l! t+at r!$r!"!nt" t+! !ntir! r!at!% orl% FBro n 1&5& 80 . t i" %iffi 7lt to fin% an@t+in, !x !""i ! or tran",r!""#! in t+!"! o"@#bol" of t+! io7x t+at o7l% "7$$ort Bataill! " $o"ition. at+!r t+an a +i! in, t+! %iff!r!ntiation t+at Bataill! " t+!or@ a% o at!" t+! "7n %"@#boli all@ a I7ir!" t+! o"#o". A or%in, to t+! !t+nolo,i al r!$ort of 'alk!r F1&806 11/ t+! an%i%at! +o %an !" t+! #o"t !x r7 iatin,for# of t+! %an ! it+ t+! int!ntion of b! o#in, a "+a#an i" ,i !n a "#all +oo$ b@ +i" #!ntor. T+i" +oo$ i" "@#boli of t+! "k@ t+! fo7r in%" tt+in," t+at ,ro an% all ir 7lar t+#," #a%! b@ t+! trib!. Aft!r +i" "7 !""f7l o#$l!tion of t+! %an ! t+! "7n %an !r i" allo !% to $la ! t+i" "@+i" ti$i. T+i" $ri il!,! "7,,!"t" t+at +! atta#" all t+at t+! +oo$ "@#boli)!".


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Michigan Aff K Toolbox 2011 Part 1 Michigan 7 Week Seniors HAMP7,/3 ! "#riss%an !r %o!" not fin% t+at t+! o"#o" b! o#!" ot+!r for +i# an% +! %o!" not "tan% a" an in%i i%7al "o it+in t+! o"#o". 9! rat+!r b! o#!" $art of t+! +ol! an% +! a I7ir!" t+! o"#o". n"t!a% of $!r !i in, t+! o"#i"@#boli"# a""o iat!% it+ t+! #o"t $ainf7l $!rfor#an ! of t+! rit! Bataill! " ritin," "7,,!"t t+at +! o7l% "tr!"" it" "a%i"ti an% #a"o +i"ti a"$

a%i"# an !x !""i ! iolation of #o%!"t@ an% a iol!nt !x r!tion i" not onl@onl@ an !r7$tion of !x r!#!ntal for !" b7t it al"o for#" a li#itatio"7bH7,atin, +at! !r i" o$$o"!% to "7 + an !r7$tion FBataill! 1&50-1&886 3 . f #a"o +i"# i" an !nHo@#!nt of $ain t+! iol!n ! !x!r i"fl!"+ of t+! "7n %an !r" o7l% b! i! !% b@ Bataill! a" a tran",r!""ion an% iolation of t+! $arti i$ant " fl!"+ +i + al"o all" att!ntion to t+! fan% onn! t" it to t+! !roti . Bataill! al"o #a#ta#" F1&8/6 &1 t+at iol!n ! a,a#"t t+! fl!"+ i" an !xt!rnal #anif!"tation of t+! int!rnal iol!n ! of t+"a nfi ial $arti i$ant +i + i" $!r !i !% a" a lo"" of bloo% an% ano7" for#" of !Ha 7lation". Mor!o !r for Bataill! t+! 7ttin, 7ttin, of t+! fl b! "7,,!"ti ! of t+! %i" ontin7it@ of t+! "!lf.

4nlik! t+! "olitar@ a ti it@ of !roti i"# for Bataill! t+! "7n %an !r of t+!io7x rit! %o!" not %i"tin,7i"+ or %i or ! +i#"!lf fro# +i" "o i!t@ b! a7"! +! r!$r!"!nt" t+! $!o$l! an% "7fon t+!ir b!+alf %7rin, t+! rit!. Aft!r $7nf@#, t+!#"!l !" t+!ir lot+in, an% t+! !I7i$#!nt to b! 7"!% # t+! nt! t+! $arti i$ant" r@ r@t+! !ntr! of t+! a#$ a#$ an% a""7#! t+! "7ff!rin, of t+! $!o$l! +i + !nabl!" ot+!r tribal #!#b!r" to ,ain 7n%!r"tan%in, an% "tr!n,t+ FBro n1&5& 52 58 .f t+!r! i" $r!"!nt t+! %i" ontin7it@ +ara -t!n"ti of Bataill! " $rofan! +7#an "o i!t@ a#on, t+

io7x t+! 7n >an ! bri%,!" an@ "o ial %i i"ion" b@ 7nitin, t+! "o ial bon%" of a $arti 7lar trib! an% 7#t#, t+!# it+ %iff!r!nt n%ian trib!". B@ #!an" of an in itation fro# t+! trib! initiatin, t+! nt! $rior to it" b!,#nn, ot+!r n%ian trib!" ar! in it!% to $arti i$# t+! nt! ! !n t+o7,+ "o#! of t+! i"itor" #a@ b! +!r!%itar@ !n!#i!" F>or"!@ 18&/6 / 2 . T+i" " !nano !n+an !" t+! "o ial "oli%arit@ of t+! nnation an% b7il%" a lo"!r r!lation"+i$ it+ t+! t+in," of t+! 7#- !r"! t+! "a r!% !ntr! r!at!% b@ t+! %an !r" i" all!,!% al a@" to b! it+ t+!t+ro7,+o7t t+! r!#ain%!r of t+!ir !xi"t!n !. T+!r! i" no ! i%!n ! of tran",r!""#! or !x !""i ! "o ial b!+a io7r b@ t+! "7n %an !r" # Bataill! " "!n"!Mor!o !r t+! %an !r" +a ! a I7ir!% a "a r!% $o !r %7nn, t+! nt! t+at t+!@ #a@ lat!r "+ar! it+ ot+!r #!#b!r" of t+!ir "o i!t@"o i!t@ A or%Po !r" F1&55 100 t+! a I7ir!% $o !r of t+! "7n %an !r" #a@ b! # !"t!% # t+o"! +o ar! "i k b@ t+! $la !#!nt of t+! %an !r" +an%" on t+fort7nat!. T+!r!b@ t+! "a r!% $o !r i" "+ar!% to 7r! t+! "i k an% !nt!r into o##7nion it+ ot+!r". n o#$ari"on to Bataill! " t+!or@t+! "7n %an !r" %o not %iff!r!ntiat! t+!#"!l !" fro# t+!ir "o i!t@ T+!@ "+ar! a "a r!% $o !r t+at an b!n! !r

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