kptej fð. n. tamuyqÄ lb module v1.0.pdf · kptej fð._n. tamuyqÄ c³^Àtaj³ ticf anj³ 8 2.1...

$: kpteJ Fð. n. tamUyqÄ LB Module V1.0.pdf · kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ C³^Àtaj³ tIcf anj³ 8 2.1 D]tbmàm¡Ä Hmtcm Xt±i`cW Øm]\§fntebpw ]²Xnbpambn$
IcSv D²cWn ]mSnñ

kkpptteeJJ FFðð..__nn.. ttaammUUyyqqÄÄ

{{]]hhÀÀ¯̄\\ kkllmmbbnn

C³^Àtaj³ tIcf anj³

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ

C³^Àtaj³ tIcf anj³ 2

kpteJ F³ _n tamUypÄ {]hÀ¯\ klmbn ]Xn¸v 1.0 (aebmfw)

]{Xm[n] kaXn ]n hn D®nIrjvW³ {]Xojv IpamÀ. sI kvanX Fkv.N{µ³ No^v FUnäÀ ]n.hn.D®nIrjvW³

FUnäÀ sI. iin[c³ \mbÀ \mcmbW³ F³ Pn IhÀ Unssk³ tKm]IpamÀ.Sn

ssS¸vskänwKv A\nð IpamÀ.F

Copy right © 2005

Information Kerala Mission Pratheeksha Tower Near Engineering College Pangapara P O, Trivandrum - 81

DÅS¡w

1 BapJw 4 2 kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ 6

2.1 D]tbmàm¡Ä................................................................... 8 2.2 tkm^vävshbdnð D]tbmKn¨ncn¡p¶

sa\phns\¡pdn¨pÅ hniZoIcWw..........................10 2.3 tkm^vävshbdnte¡v {]thin¡p¶ coXn ..............13

3 t{]mPIvSpIÄ 21 3.1 t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZhnhc§Ä e`n¡phm³.......... 22

4 sXc¨nð 29 4.1 t{]mPIvSv \¼À ................................................................. 30 4.2 t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv.............................................................31 4.3 hn`mKw ................................................................................... 33 4.4 taJe ..................................................................................... 34 4.5 s{]mt^mÀabsS Xcw...................................................... 37 4.6 {]tXyI ]cn]mSnIÄ...................................................... 38 4.7 t{]mPIvSnsâ XcWw ...................................................... 40 4.8 BkvXnIÄ...........................................................................41

5 \nÀÆlWw 44 5.1 [\Imcy t«§Ä: .............................................................. 45 5.2 _UvPäv hniZmwi§Ä:................................................. 50

6 dnt¸mÀ«v 52 6.1 hmÀjnI ]²Xn dnt¸mÀ«v ............................................. 54 6.2 hmÀjnI sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v ............................................ 57 6.3 {]Xnamk sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v. .......................................... 58

7 AUvan\nkvt{Sj³ 60 7.1 skänwKvkv .............................................................................61 7.2 ]mkvthÀUv amäpI........................................................... 63 7.3 ]pXnb D]tbmàmhns\ Iq«nt¨À¡ð................. 64 7.4 sF.]n. skänwKvkv: .......................................................... 67

8 temKu«v 70 8.1 FIvknäv ................................................................................ 70 8.2 do temKn³ ........................................................................... 70

1 BBaappJJww

]©mb¯v cmPv/ap\nkn¸ð \nbaw ]mÊm¡nbtXmSp IqSn

Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§Ä¡v hn]peamb A[nImc§Ä

ssIhcnIbpïmbn. CXnð kp{][m\amWv

hntI{µoIrXmkq{XWw.

hmÀjnI ]²XnIÄ Bkp{XWw sN¿p¶Xn\pw \nÀÆlWw

\S¯p¶Xn\pw Nn«s¸Sp¯nb \S]Sn{Ia§Ä Ct¸mÄ

\nehnepïv. Hmtcm hÀjhpw X¿mdm¡p¶ ]²XnIfpw

t{]mPIvSpIfpw Pnñm Bkq{XW kanXn AwKoIcn¨p

Ignªmð ]²XnbpsS hniZmwi§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯phm\pÅ

tkm^vävshbÀ B¹nt¡j\mWv C³^Àtaj³ tIcf anj³

cq]Iev]\ sNbvX kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ. {]Xnamkw

\S¡p¶ ]²Xn {]hÀ¯\§fpsS sNehpIfpw `uXnI

t\«§fpw tcJs¸Sp¯phm\pw hmÀjnI ]²XnIÄ

kw_Ôn¨pÅ hnhn[ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\pw

e`yam¡p¶Xn\pw Cu B¹nt¡j\neqsS km[n¡pw.

CXv ]²Xn Bkq{XW \nÀÆlW {]hÀ¯\§Ä

Imcy£aam¡m\pw kpXmcyam¡m\pw Ffp¸¯nð

hnhc§Ä e`yam¡m\pw Gsd {]tbmP\ {]ZamWv. Cu

tamUyqÄ Xt±kzbw `cW Øm]\§fnð

hn\ykn¡p¶Xv kw_Ôn¨pw XpSÀ \S]SnIfpamWv

CXnð {]Xn]mZn¡p¶Xv. CXv Gsd {]tbmP\

{]ZamIpsa¶v {]Xymin¡p¶p.



2.

kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ



2 kkpptteeJJ FFðð..__nn..ttaammUUyyqqÄÄ

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ hn\ykn¡p¶ Xt±i kzbw`cW

Øm]\§fpsS Un.]n.knbpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§fmWv kpteJ Fð._n.

tamUyqfneqsS e`n¡p¶Xv. Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse ]²Xn

ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ DtZymKØ\mWv {][m\ambpw kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUyqfnsâ D]tbmàmhv. Hmtcm t{]mPIväpIfpsSbpw

apgph³ hnhc§fpw e`yamIp¶Xnt\msSm¸w Xs¶ AhbpsS

X³amk sNehpIfpsS hnhc§fpw Cu tkm^vävshbdneqsS

tcJs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. AXn\p tijw Hmtcm amkt¯bpw

sNehpIfpsS hnhc§Ä AXmXv amkw Xs¶ kwØm\

Xe¯nepÅ {][m\ I¼yq«dnte¡v Abbv¡mhp¶XpamWv.

]²XnIsf kw_Ôn¨pÅ hnhn[ Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw

Cu tkm^vävshbdneqsS e`yamhp¶XmWv.

Pnñm ]©mb¯pIfnepw, t»m¡v ]©mb¯pIfnepw,

kz´ambn I¼yq«dpÅ {Kma]©mb¯pIfnepw,

ap\nkn¸menänIfnepw, tImÀ¸tdj\pIfnepamWv kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUyqÄ hn\ykn¡pI. AXmXv Xt±i`cW

Øm]\§fpsS Un.]n.knbpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ ]²XnIÄ

am{Xta kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqfneqsS e`n¡pIbpÅp.

F¶mð kz´ambn I¼yq«dnñm¯ ]©mb¯pIfnse

]²XnIfpsS hnhc§fpw AhbpsS Hmtcm amks¯ ]²Xn

sNehpIfpsS hnhc§fpw AXmXv t»m¡v ]©mb¯nse

kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqfneqsStbm CâÀs\äneqsStbm BWv

tcJs¸Spt¯ïXv. kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ


hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶ Øm]\§fpsSbpw Ah X½nð

_Ôn¸n¡p¶ irwJetbbpw Ipdn¨pÅ tcJm Nn{Xw (Nn{Xw

2.1) NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.

Nn{Xw 2.1

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ hn\ykn¡p¶ Øm]\§fpsS tcJm Nn{Xw




2.1 D]tbmàm¡Ä Hmtcm Xt±i`cW Øm]\§fntebpw ]²Xnbpambn

_Ôs¸« Imcy§Ä ssIImcyw sN¿p¶

DtZymKØamcmWv kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqfnsâ

D]tbmàm¡Ä. F¶mð AhcnseñmhÀ¡pw kpteJ

Fð._n. tamUyqfneqsS Fñm {]hÀ¯\§fpw

\nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡pIbnñ. DZmlcWambn

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS Xòmk sNehnsâ hnhc§Ä

tcJs¸Sp¯m³ A[nImcapÅ DtZymKØ\p am{Xta B

amks¯ sNehnsâ hnhc§Ä kpteJ Fð._n.

tamUyqfneqsS tcJs¸Sp¯m³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.

AXpt]mse AUvan\nkvt{Sjsâ NpaXebpÅ

DtZymKØ\pam{Xta ]pXnbXmbn Hcp D]tbmIvXmhns\

Iq«nt¨À¡phm³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.

TIP:- \nehnepÅ kwhn[m\¯nse Poh\¡mcpsS HutZymKnI \ma¯n\p kam\ambpÅXmWv D]tbmàmhnsâ Xcw.

{][m\ambpw aq¶v Xc¯nepÅ D]tbmàm¡fmWv

kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. Ahsc

1. AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ 2. A{]qhÀ 3. Hm¸tdäÀ

F¶o t]cpIfnemWv Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv.



]«nI 2.1 kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶ D]tbmàm¡Ä

{Ia

\¼À D]tbmàmhv hniZoIcWw

1 AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ

kmt¦XnI Imcy§Ä sN¿m³ km[n¡p¶ Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse DtZymKØ\mWv AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ D]tbmKnt¡ï D]tbmàm¡fpsS hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯m\pw kwØm\Xe¯nepÅ skÀhÀ I¼yq«dnð \n¶pw hnhc§Ä Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse I¼yq«dnte¡v tNÀ¡phm\pw Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse I¼yq«dnð \n¶pw kwØm\ Xe¯nse skÀhdnte¡pw hnhc§Ä ssIamdm\pw AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ¡v am{Xta A[nImcapÅq. Un.]n.knbpsS AwKoImcapÅ ]²XnIfpsS hnhc§Ä ImWphm\pw hnhn[ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡phm\pw AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ ]ZhnbpÅ DtZymØ\p km[n¡pw. s]mXpsh Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse sk{I«dnsbbmWv AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ F¶ ]Zhn sImïv hnhjn¡p¶Xv.

2 A{]qhÀ

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse ]²XnbpsS Imcy§Ä ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ DtZymKØs\bmWv A{]qhÀ F¶ ]Zhnbnð Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. Un.]n.knbpsS AwKoImcapÅ

]²XnIfpsS hnhc§Ä ImWpI Hmtcm t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw X³amk

sNehpIfpsS hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

hyXykvX dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡pI. sXc¨nð \S¯pI


{IaD]tbmàmhv hniZoIcWw


\¼À F¶o {]hÀ¯\§fmWv A{]qhdn\v kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfneqsS \nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xv.

3 Hm¸tdäÀ

{]tXyI ]ZhnIsfm¶pw Cñm¯ km[mcW D]tbmàmhmWv Hm¸tdäÀ Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä ImWpI t{]mPIvSpIÄ sXcbpI F¶o {]{InbIfmWv Hm¸tdäÀ¡v sN¿m\pÅXv.

2.2 tkm^vävshbdnð D]tbmKn¨ncn¡p¶ sa\phns\¡pdn¨pÅ hniZoIcWw

tkm^vävshbdneqsS \nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡p¶ hnhn[

{]hÀ¯\§Ä \ndthäm³ klmbn¡p¶

sa\phns\¡pdn¨pÅ hniZoIcWw NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.

kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqfnð {][m\ambpw Bdv

sa\phmWpÅXv.

t{]mPIvSpIÄ sXc¨nð \nÀÆlWw dnt¸mÀ«v AUvan\nkvt{Sj³ temKu«v

2.2.1 t{]mPIvSpIÄ

Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

hnhc§Ä e`n¡p¶Xn\v klmbIambXmWv sa\p.



{]kvXpX sa\phnð “AwKoImcw e`n¨h” F¶v Hcp k_v

sa\p am{Xta e`n¡pIbpÅq. “AwKoImcw e`n¨h” F¶

sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð kpteJ tkm^vävshbdnð

\nehnð kÖoIcn¨ncn¡p¶ hÀjs¯, Un.]n.kn.

AwKoImcw e`n¨ apgph³ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhchpw

e`n¡pw. t{]mPIvSpIÄ F¶ sa\phns\ Ipdn¨pÅ

hniZhnhc§Ä `mKw 3 ð (t]Pv....) tNÀ¯n«pïv.

2.2.2 sXc¨nð Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

]«nIbnð \n¶pw Hmtcm t{]mPIvSpIÄ Iïp

]nSn¡m\mbn apIfnð ]dª ‘t{]mPIvSpIÄ’ F¶ sa\p

D]tbmKn¡mw. ]t£ Ahbnð \n¶pw Hcp {]tXyI

t{]mPIvSv sXcªv Iïp]nSn¡m³ hfsc {iaIcamWv.

Hcp {]tXyI Bhiy¯n\pÅ t{]mPIvSv sXcªv Iïp

]nSn¡m³ klmbn¡p¶ sa\phmWv ‘sXc¨nð’

t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼À, t]cv, Xcw, hn`mKw, taJe, {]tXyI

]cn]mSnbnð DÄs¸«h, BkvXnIÄ F¶o hnhc§fnð

GsX¦nepw \ðInbmð Ahbnð DÄs¸« Fñm

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§fpw ]«nI cq]¯nð e`n¡pw.

Ahbnð \n¶pw A\ptbmPyambh

sXcsªSp¡mhp¶XmWv. hnhn[ coXnbnð sXc¨nð

\S¯p¶ coXn `mKw 4 ð (t]Pv...) ð

hniZoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p.

2.2.3 \nÀÆlWw Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

hnhc§Ä ImWm\pw, Asñ¦nð Ah sXcªv

Iïp]nSn¡m\pw klmbn¡p¶ sa\phns\¡pdn¨v

apIfnInð hniZoIcn¨phtñm. F¶mð t{]mPIvSpIfpsS



X³amk sNehpIfpsS hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯m\pw,

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯n\v A\phZn¨ncn¡p¶

_UvPänsâ hnhc§Ä ImWm\pw klmbn¡p¶

sa\phmWv “\nÀÆlWw” Ch e`n¡p¶Xv \nÀÆlWw

F¶ sa\phnse [\Imcy t\«§Ä, _UvPäv

hniZmwi§Ä F¶n§s\ cïp k_v sa\phnð

\n¶mWv. ‘\nÀÆlWw’ F¶ sa\p D]tbmKn¨pÅ

{]hÀ¯\§Ä \nÀÆln¡p¶ coXn `mKw 5 ð

(t]Pvþþþþþ) hniZoIcn¡p¶p.

2.2.4 dnt¸mÀ«v

apIfnð hnhcn¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä

D]tbmKn¨pÅ hnhn[ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡m³

klmbn¡p¶ sa\phmWv ‘dnt¸mÀ«v’ {][m\ambpw

hmÀjnI ]²Xn dnt¸mÀ«v, hmÀjnI sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v,

{]Xnamk sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v F¶n§s\ aq¶v

hn`mK§fnembmWv dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`n¡p¶Xv. hnhn[

dnt¸mÀ«pIfpsS hniZoIcWhpw Ah X¿mdm¡p¶

coXnbpw `mKw 6þð (t]Pvþþþ)ð hniZoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p.

2.2.5 AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ

kmt¦XnI Imcy§fnð IqSpXð AdnhpÅ

DtZymØ\mbncn¡pw km[mcWbmbn AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ.

aäv D]tbmàm¡Ä sN¿m³ ]mSnñm¯ {]hÀ¯\§Ä

AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ¡v am{Xta sN¿m³ Ignbq.

DZmlcWambn ]pXpXmbn Hcp Poh\¡mcs\ tNÀ¡pI,

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse I¼yq«dnð \n¶pw

kwØm\Xe {][m\ I¼yq«dnte¡pw, kwØm\Xe



I¼yq«dnð \n¶p Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse

I¼yq«dnte¡pw Umä ssIamdpI F¶o {]hÀ¯\§Ä

sN¿m³ AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ¡v am{Xta km[n¡pIbpÅp.

F¶mð D]tbmàmhnsâ ]mkvthÀUv amäm\pw,

D]tbmKn¡p¶ hÀjw sXcsªSp¡m\pw Hmtcm

D]tbmàmÄ¡pw km[n¡pw. hniZoIcWw `mKw 7 ð

(t]Pvþþþþ) \ðInbn«pïv.

2.2.6 temKu«v

\nehnð D]tbmKn¡p¶ D]tbmàmhnsâ kv{Io\nð

\n¶pw ]pd¯pt]mbn asämcp D]tbmàmhmbn Xncn¨v

{]thin¡m\mbn«mWv temKu«v F¶ kwhn[m\w

D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. {]kvXpX B¹nt¡jsâ kv{Io\nð

\n¶pw ]pd¯v t]mIm\pÅ kwhn[m\hpw Cu

sa\phnepïv. Chsb¡pdn¨pÅ hniZoIcWw `mKw 8ð

(t]Pv þþþ) \ðInbn«pïv.

2.3 tkm^vävshbdnte¡v {]thin¡p¶ coXn

CâÀs\änð D]tbmKn¡p¶ kmt¦XnIhnZybpsS

coXnbnepÅ kmwt¦XnIhnZy D]tbmKn¨mWv kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUyqÄ F¶ B¹nt¡j³ tkm^vävshbÀ

X¿mdm¡nbncn¡p¶Xv. AXmbXv I¼yq«dnse

GsX¦nepw Hcp sh_v {_ukÀ D]tbmKn¨mWv

(DZmlcW¯n\v CâÀs\äv FIvkvt¹mdÀ) kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUypÄ {]hÀ¯n¸n¡p¶Xv.

I¼yq«dnse sUkvIvtSm¸nse kpteJ Fð._n.F¶

sF¡¬ D]tbmKnt¨m, Asñ¦nð ÌmÀ«v sa\phnse

t{]m{Kmanse sF.sI.Fw.tkm^vävshbdnse kpteJ


Fð._n.F¶ sa\p D]tbmKnt¨m kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUyqÄ {]hÀ¯n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.

I¼yq«dnse sUkvIvtSm¸nse kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqÄ

F¶ sF¡¬ U_nÄ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð. Nn{Xw 2.1þð

\ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw.

Nn{Xw 2.1

kv{Io\nse Enter F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

D]tbmàmhnsâ Xncn¨dnbð \mahpw (bqkÀ s\bnw)

clkytImUpw (]mkvthÀUv) \ðIm\pÅ kv{Io³

e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 2.2)



Nn{Xw 2.2

kv{Io\nse bqkÀ s\bnw F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð

D]tbmàmhn\v \ðInbncn¡p¶ D]tbmàr\mahpw,

]mkvthÀUv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð D]tbmàmhnsâ

clkytImUpw \ðIpI. tijw temKn³ F¶ _«¬

¢n¡v sNbvXmð {]kvXpX D]tbmàmhn\v kpteJ

Fð._n.tamUyfnsâ {][m\ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 2.3)

AXpt]mse Iym³kð F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

{]kvXpX kv{Io\nð \n¶pw ]pd¯p t]mIp¶XmWv.

kz´ambn I¼yq«À Cñm¯ Xt±ikzbw`cW Øm]\§fnð ({][m\ambn ]©mb¯pIfnð) \n¶pÅ hnhc§Ä AhchcpsS ]cn[nbnepÅ t»m¡v ]©mb¯pIfnse I¼yq«dneqsSbmWv \ðtIïXv. A¯cw Xt±i`cW Øm]\§fpsS hnhcw tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xn\mbn (t»m¡v ]©mb¯pIfnð am{Xw Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nsâ t]cv AS§p¶ Hcp tImt¼m t_mIvkpIqSn temKn³kv{Io\nð e`n¡pw {]kvXpX kv{Io\nepsS temKn³ sN¿pt¼mÄ tImt¼m t_mIvknð \n¶pw Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nsâ t]cv sXcsªSp¡pI.)



{i²n¡pI D]tbmàr\mahpw, clkytImUpw sXämsW¦nð

{]kvXpX hyàn¡v kpteJ Fð._n.tamUyqfnte¡v {]thin¡m³ km[n¡nñ.

]pXnbXmbn Hcp D]tbmàmhns\ AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ ]ZhnbpÅ DtZymKØ\v am{Xta tkm^vävshbdnð tcJs¸Sp¯m³ km[n¡pIbpÅp. (`mKw 7.3 {i²n¡pI)

Hmtcm D]tbmàmhn\pw AhchÀ¡v AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ \ðInb D]tbmàr Xcw A\pkcn¨pÅ sa\p am{Xta e`n¡pIbpÅp (`mKw 2.1 {i²n¡pI)

Nn{Xw 2.3



2.3.1 {][m\ kv{Io\ns\¡pdn¨pÅ hniZoIcWw

1

2

3

3.2 4

3.1

5

(Nn{Xw 2.4)




1. Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nsâ t]cv

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nsâ t]cpw Øm]\¯nsâ

Xchpw ImWmw.

2. sa\p _mÀ

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¨v

\nÀÆln¡mhp¶ {]hÀ¯\§Ä sa\p _mdnepÅ

{][m\s¸« Bdv sa\p D]tbmKn¨v \nÀÆln¡mw.

3. ssSänð _mÀ

D]tbmàmhnsâ kuIcymÀ°w AXymhiyapÅ

hnhc§Ä ImWn¡p¶Xn\pÅ kwhn[m\¯neqsS

D]tbmàmhv sXcsªSp¯ hÀjhpw, sXcsªSp¯

sa\phnsâ t]cpw ssSänð _mdnð \n¶pw e`n¡pw.

3.1 hÀjw (ssSänð _mÀ)

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nsâ ]¯mw ]©hÕc ]²Xn

apXepÅ apgph³ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§fpw kpteJ

Fð._n. tamUyqfnð \n¶pw e`n¡pw. F¶mð

Ahsbñmw AXmXv hÀjw Xncn¨mWv e`nt¡ïXv.

kpteJ D]tbmKn¡p¶ D]tbmàmhn\v

Bhiym\pkcWw hÀjw sXcsªSp¡mhp¶XmWv.

C§s\ sXcsªSp¡s¸Sp¶ hÀjw GsX¶v

D]tbmàmhns\ Adnbn¡p¶Xn\pÅ `mKamWv CXv.

AUvan\nkvt{Sj³ F¶ sa\phnse skänwKvkv F¶ k_vsa\p D]tbmKn¨mWv hÀjw sXcsªSpt¡ïXv. (`mKw 7.3 ð hniZoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p).

3.2 sXcsªSp¯ sa\phnsâ t]cv (ssSänð _mÀ)

D]tbmàmhv sXcsªSp¯ Hmtcm sa\phnsâbpw t]cv

e`n¡p¶ `mKw.



4. k_vsa\p

kpteJ Fð._n tamUyqfnð {][m\ambpw Bdv k_v

sa\phmWv DÅsX¶v apIfnð hniZoIcn¨phtñm. Hmtcm

sa\phnepw H¶ne[nIw k_v sa\p DïmIpw.

DZmlcWambn temKu«v F¶ sa\p ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

dotemKn³, FIvknäv F¶n§s\ cïv k_v sa\p

DïmIpw. Hmtcm sa\phnepapÅ k_v sa\phns\

Ipdn¨pÅ hnhcw `mKw 2.2ð \ðInbncn¡p¶p.

5. tlmwt]Pv

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfnsâ {][m\ kv{Io³.

{][m\ kv{Io\nte¡v {]thin¡p¶ D]tbmàmhnsâ ]Zhn Asñ¦nð Xcw A\pkcn¨pÅ {]hÀ¯\§Ä \nÀÆln¡m\pÅ sa\p am{Xta {][m\ kv{Io\nð e`n¡pIbpÅp.



3.

tt{{]]mmPPIIvvSSppIIÄÄ


3 tt{{]]mmPPIIvvSSppIIÄÄ Un.]n.kn.AwKoIcn¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI e`n¡p¶Xn\pÅ

sa\phmWv ‘t{]mPIvSpIÄ’ {]kvXpX ]«nIbnð \n¶pw

t{]mPIvSv sXcsªSp¯v AhbpsS hniZhnhc§Ä

ImWphm\pÅ kwhn[m\hpw CXnepïv. {][m\ kv{Io\nse

“t{]mPIvSpIÄ” F¶ sa\phnse AwKoImcw e`n¨h” F¶

k_vsa\p (Nn{Xw 3.1) sXcsªSp¡pI.

Nn{Xw 3.1

kv{Io\nse ssSänð _mdnð \ðInbncn¡p¶ (D]tbmàmhv

sXcsªSp¯ hÀjw) hÀj¯nse Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw

e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI AS§nb kv{Io³ k_v sa\phnð

e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 3.2)

Nn{Xw 3.2




AwKoImcw e`n¨ apgph³ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI Hcpan¨v Hcp

kv{Io\nð ImWm³ _p²nap«mbXn\mð ]¯v t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

hnhcw AS§p¶ ]«nIIfmbn«mWv Ah e`n¡p¶Xv. ASp¯

]s¯®w e`n¡m\mbn kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ ‘s\IvÌv’ F¶

_«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI. AXpt]mse sXm«pap¼pÅ ]¯v

t{]mPIvSpIÄ e`n¡m\mbn kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ

“{]ohnbkv” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI.

{]kvXpX ]«nIbnð Hmtcm t{]mPIvSnsâbpw, \¼cpw, t]cpw,

hn`mKhpw, t{]mPIvSnsâ Xchpw, BsI ]²XnhnlnXhpw,

sam¯w AS¦ð XpIbpw am{Xta e`n¡pIbpÅp. Hmtcm

t{]mPIvSntâbpw s]mXp hnhc§Ä, hn`h kamlcw,

KpWt`màm¡Ä, `uXnI e£y§Ä, AwKoIcm¯nsâ

hnhc§Ä XpS§nb apgph³ hnhc§fpw e`n¡Wsa¦nð

]«nIbnse t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼dnð ¢n¡v sN¿pI.

3.1 t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZhnhc§Ä e`n¡phm³ t{]mPIvSnsâ hnhc§fS§nb ]«nIbnse t{]mPIvSnsâ

\¼dnð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnsâ

hniZhnhc§Ä e`n¡pw. t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZ hnhc§sf

A©p `mK§fmbn«mWv Xncn¨ncn¡p¶Xv.

1. s]mXp hnhc§Ä

2. hn`h kamlcWw

3. KpWt`màm¡Ä

4. `uXnI e£y§Ä

5. AwKoImchpw A\paXnbpw


Hmtcm t{]mPIvSv sXcsªSp¡pt¼mgpw t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼dpw,

t]cpw ssSänð _mdnsâ Nph«nembn e`n¡pw. AtXmsSm¸w

kv{Io\nsâ CSXphi¯mbn apIfnð hnhcn¨ A©v `mK§Ä

AS§nb en¦pIÄ e`n¡pw. Hmtcm t{]mPIvSv

sXcsªSp¡pt¼mgpw AhbpsS s]mXp hnhc§Ä AS§nb

kv{Io\mWv BZyw e`n¡pI. AXn\p tijw aäp \mev `mK§Ä

e`n¡p¶Xn\mbn kv{Io\nsâ CSXv hi¯pÅ A\ptbmPyamb

en¦nð ¢n¡v sNbvXv sXcsªSp¡mhp¶XmWv. apIfnð

hnhcn¨ A©p `mK§fpsS hniZhnhc§Ä NphsS

tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.

3.1.1 s]mXp hnhc§Ä t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZmwi§Ä e`n¡p¶ kv{Io\nsâ CSXp

`mK¯pÅ “s]mXp hnhc§Ä” F¶ en¦nð ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv, \¼À, hn`mKw,

taJe, \nÀÆlW coXn XpS§nb s]mXp hnhc§Ä

e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 3.3)

Nn{Xw 3.3

s]mXp hnhc§Ä



\S¸v hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI AS§nb kv{In\nte¡v XncnsI

t]mIWsa¦nð kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ ‘_m¡v’ F¶

_«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI. AXpt]mse sXcsªSp¯

t{]mPIvSnsâ apgph³ hnhc§Ä AS§nb dnt¸mÀ«v

e`n¡Wsa¦nð {]kvXpX kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ

“shcnss^” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð aXn.

Note:- D]tbmàmhn\v t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä ImWm³ am{Xta km[n¡pIbpÅq. Xncp¯epIÄ hcp¯phm³ kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ hgn km[n¡nñ.

3.1.2 hn`h kamlmcw t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hniZmwiw e`n¡p¶ kv{Io\nsâ

CSpXp`mK¯pÅ “hn`h kamlmcw” F¶ en¦v ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnsâ ]Xn\mev hn`h

t{kmXÊnepapÄs¸Sp¶ XpIbpw, AhbpsS sam¯w

AS¦ð XpIbpw e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 3.4)

Nn{Xw 3.4

hn`h kamlmcw




t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI AS§nb kv{In\nte¡v XncnsI

t]mIWsa¦nð kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ _m¡v F¶




‘shcnss^’ F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð aXn.

3.1.3 KpWt`màm¡Ä

kv{Io\nsâ CSXp`mK¯pÅ “KpWt`màm¡Ä” F¶

en¦v sXcsªSp¯mð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnð DÄs¸«

hnhn[Xcw KpWt`màm¡fpsS F®w e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw

3.5)

Nn{Xw 3.5

KpWt`màm¡Ä




t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI AS§nb kv{Io\nte¡v XncnsI





shcnss^ F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð aXn.

3.1.4 ùXnI e£y§Ä

kv{Io\nsâ CSXp`mK¯pÅ “ùXnI e£y§Ä” F¶

en¦nð sXcsªSp¯mð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnð \n¶pw

e`n¡p¶ ùXnI eIjy§Ä AS§nb ]«nIbpÅ

kv{Io³ e`n¡pw. {]kvXpX ]«nIbnð t{]mPIvSnð

\n¶pw e`n¡p¶ BkvXnbpsS t]cv, Øm\w, DSaØX,

\nÀ½mW kma{Kn apXemb hnhc§Ä DïmIpw.

Nn{Xw 3.6

ùXnI e£y§Ä



\S¸v hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw e`n¨

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI AS§nb kv{Io\nte¡v XncnsI





shcnss^ F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð aXn.

3.1.5 AwKoImchpw A\paXnbpw

kv{Io\nsâ CSXp`mK¯pÅ AwKoImchpw A\paXnbpw”

F¶ en¦nð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSn\p

e`n¨ hnhn[ A\paXnIfpsS \¼cpw, XobXnbpw

e`n¡pw. {][m\ambpw Xt±i`cW Øm]\w AwKoIcn¨

\¼cpw XobXnbpw, TAC bpsSbpw, DPC bpsSbpw

AwKoImc¯nsâ \¼cpw XobXnbpamWv {]kvXpX

kv{Io\nð e`n¡pI (Nn{Xw 3.7)

Nn{Xw 3.7

AwKoImchpw A\paXnbpw




4.

ssXXcc¨̈nnðð


4 ssXXcc¨̈nnðð Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nIbnð

\n¶pw Hmtcm t{]mPIvSpIfmbn ImWphm\pÅ kwhn[m\s¯

¡pdn¨mWv apIfnð {]Xn]mZn¨Xv. F¶mð C{]Imcw

\qdpIW¡n\v t{]mPIvSpIfnð \n¶pw Hcp t{]mPIvSnsâ hnhcw

ImWpI F¶Xv hfsc {iaIcamWv. C¯cw kmlNcy¯nð

Hcp {]tXyI kz`mhapÅ t{]mPIvSv Asñ¦nð t{]mPIvSpIÄ

e`n¡phm³ klmbIcamb Hcp amÀKamWv sXc¨nð.

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

]«nIbnð (1) t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼À, (2) t]cv, (3) hn`mKw, (4)

taJe, (5) s{]mt^mÀabpsS Xcw, (6) {]tXyI ]cn]mSn, (7)

t{]mPIvSnsâ Xcw, (8) BkvXnIÄ F¶n§s\ F«p coXnbnð

sXc¨nð \S¯m\pÅ kwhn[m\apïv. {][m\ kv{Io\nse

sXc¨nð F¶ sa\phnð \n¶mWv apIfnð hnhcn¨ F«v

Xc¯nepÅ sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡qI. (Nn{Xw 4.1)

Nn{Xw 4.1

sa\phnse Hmtcm Xc¯nepÅ sXc¨nð coXn

sXcsªSp¡pt¼mgpw {]kvXpX sXc¨nen\mhiyamb

kv{Io\pIÄ e`n¡pw. C{]Imcw e`n¡p¶ sXc¨nð

kv{Io\pIfpsS CSXphi¯p \n¶pw apIfnð hnhcn¨



F«v Xc¯nepÅ sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m\pÅ ]«nI

e`n¡pw. Hmtcm sXc¨nen\pw Bhiyamb

kv{Io\pIsf¡pdn¨pÅ hnhcWw NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.

4.1 t{]mPIvSv \¼À

hfsc efnXamb sXc¨nemWv t{]mPIvSv \¼À

D]tbmKn¨v \nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡pI. {][m\

kv{Io\nse ‘sXc¨nð’ F¶ sa\phnse t{]mPIvSv \¼À

F¶ k_v sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð t{]mPIvSv \¼À

\ðIm\pÅ Hcp kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.2)

Nn{Xw 4.2

t{]mPIvSnð \¼À \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð

4.1.1 kv{Io\nse t{]mPIvSv \¼À F¶ sSIvÌv

t_mIvknð t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼À \ðIpI.

4.1.2 kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ skÀ¨v F¶ _«Wnð

¢n¡v sN¿pI.




4.1.3 sXcbm\mbn \ðInbncn¡p¶ t{]mPIvSv \¼dnð

DÄs¸« t{]mPvIvSv Dsï¦nð {]kvXpX

t{]mPIvSnsâ hnhcw AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.

4.1.4 ]«nIbnse A\ptbmPyamb t{]mPIvSnsâ t{]mPIvSv

\¼À F¶ tImf¯nð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð `mKw 3.1

ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZ

hnhc§Ä e`n¡pw.

4.1.5 {]kvXpX kv{Io\nð \n¶pw ]pd¯p

t]mIWsa¦nð Iym³kð F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sN¿Ww.

4.2 t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv

`mKw 4.1þð hnhcn¨Xpt]mse Xs¶bmWv t{]mPIvSnsâ

t]cv D]tbmKn¨pÅ sXc¨nepw. {][m\ kv{Io\nse

sXc¨nð F¶ sa\phnse t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv F¶ k_v

sa\p sXcsªSp¡pI Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð kv{Io\nsâ

CSXv hi¯pÅ t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv F¶ en¦vv

sXcsªSp¡pI. t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv D]tbmKn¨pÅ

sXc¨nð \S¯m\pÅ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.3)


Nn{Xw 4.3

t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv D]tbmKn¨pÅ sXc¨nð.

4.2.1 t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð

sXc¨nð \S¯m\pÅ t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv \ðIpI..

AXpt]mse Hcp s]mXpkz`mha\pkcn¨pw

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡mhp¶XmWv. DZmlcW¯n\v

“tdmUv” F¶ hm¡v AS§nbn«pÅ apgph³

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI e`n¡p¶Xn\mbn

t{]mPIvSnsâ t]cv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð tdmUv

F¶v tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

4.2.2 kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ skÀ¨v F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sN¿pI.

4.2.3 sXc¨nð \S¯m\mbn \ðInb t{]mPIvSnsâ

t]cnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpsï¦nð AhbpsS eLp

hnhc§Ä AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.

4.2.4 `mKw 3.1 ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð t{]mPIvSnsâ

hniZmwi§Ä e`n¡pw.



4.3 hn`mKw P\dð, Fkv.kn.]n, Sn.Fkv.]n, C.F^v.kn F¶o \mev

hn`mK¯nð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhcw e`n¡m³

‘hn`mKw’ F¶ k_v sa\p klmbn¡p¶p. {][m\

kv{Io\nse sXc¨nð F¶ sa\phnse “hn`mKw” F¶

k_v sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð

kv{Io\nsâ CSXp `mK¯pÅ “hn`mKw” F¶ en¦nð

¢n¡v sNbvXmð apIfnð hnhcn¨ \mev hn`mK§Ä

AS§nb kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.4)

Nn{Xw 4.4

hn`mKw D]tbmKn¨pÅ sXc¨nð

4.3.1 kv{Io\nse \mep hn`mK¯nse GsX¦nepw Hcp

hn`mK¯nsâ CSXp `mK¯pÅ Hm]vj³ _«¬

sXcsªSp¡pI.


sN¿pI.




4.3.3 sXc¨nð \S¯m\mbn \ðInb t{]mPIvSnsâ

hn`mK¯nð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ Dsï¦nð Ah

AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.

4.3.4 tijw `mKw 3.1 ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð

t{]mPIvSnsâ hniZmwi§Ä e`n¡pw.

4.4 taJe Hcp {]tXyI taJebnð hcp¶p. Fñm

t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw hnhcw sXcbm\mWv Cu

kv{Io³ D]tbmKn¡pI. DXv]mZ\w, tkh\w,

]Ým¯ew F¶n taJebnð DÄs¸Sp¶

t{]mPIvSpIÄ Asñ¦nð Hmtcm taJebnepapÅ

D]taJebnð hcp¶ t{]mPIvSpIÄ Asñ¦nð Hcp

{]tXyI kq£va taJe tImUnð hcp¶

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä Cu kv{Io³

D]tbmKn¨v sXcbmhp¶XmWv.

{][m\ kv{Io\nse sXc¨nð F¶ sa\phnse

“taJe” F¶ k_vsa\p sXcsªSp¡pI.

Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð kv{Io\nsâ CSXv hi¯pÅ

“taJe” F¶ en¦nð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð taJe

Xncn¨v hnhn[ coXnbnepÅ sXc¨nð

\nÀÆln¡m\pÅ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.5)


Nn{Xw 4.5

taJe ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbpÅ sXc¨nð

{]kvXpX kv{Io³ D]tbmKn¨v NphsS hnhcn¡p¶

coXnbnð \nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡pw.

1. taJebpsS Xcw (DXv]mZ\w, tkh\w, ]Ým¯ew)

am{Xw \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð. (DZmlcW¯n\v tkh\

taJebnð hcp¶ t{]mPIvSpIÄ am{Xw e`n¡m\pÅ

amÀKw)

2. taJebpw, D]taJebpw, \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð.

3. taJebpw, D]taJebpw, kp£va taJebpw

\ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð.

4. kq£vtaJe tImUv am{Xw \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð.

4.4.1 taJebpsS Xcw am{Xw \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð

\nÀÆln¡p¶Xn\mbn taJebpsS Xcw F¶

tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw A\ptbmPyamb Xcw

sXcsªSp¡pI. (tijw `mKw 4.4.5 þð hnhcn¡p¶p.)




4.4.2 taJebpw, D]taJebpw \ðInbpÅ sXc¨nð

\nÀÆln¡p¶Xn\mbn kv{Io\nð taJe F¶

tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw A\ptbmPyamb taJe

sXcsªSp¡pI. tijw D]taJe F¶ tImt¼mbnð

\n¶pw (taJe F¶ tImt¼mbnð sXcsªSp¯

taJebnð hcp¶ D]taJe am{Xta D]taJe F¶

tImt¼mbnð e`n¡pIbpÅp) A\ptbmPyamb

D]taJe sXcsªSp¡pI. tijw `mKw 4.4.5 ð

hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð XpScpI.

4.4.3 taJebpw, D]taJebpw, kq£vataJebpw \ðInbpÅ

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡p¶Xn\mbn `mKw 4.4.2 ð

hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶Xp s]se taJebpw, D]taJebpw

\ðInbXn\p tijw, kq£vataJe F¶ tImt¼mbnð

\n¶p A\ptbmPyamb kq£vataJe sXcsªSp¡pI.

tijw `mKw 4.4.5 ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð XpScpI.

4.4.4 `mKw 4.4.3 ð kq£vataJe tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw

sXcsªSp¡pIbmbncp¶p. F¶mð Hcp {]tXyI

kq£vataJe tImUv Adnbmsa¦nð Ah kv{Io\nse

kq£vataJe tImUv \ðIm\pÅ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð

\ðIpI.

4.4.5 apIfnð hnhcn¨ `mK§fntesX¦nepw coXnbnepÅ

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m\pÅ hnhc§Ä \ðInb tijw

(`mKw 4.4.1 apXð `mKw 4.4.4) kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ

skÀ¨v F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI.

4.4.6 sXc¨nð \S¯m\mbn \ðInb hnhc§fnð DÄs¸«

t{]mPIvSpIfmsW¦nð Ah AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.




4.5 s{]mt^mÀabpsS Xcw t{]mPIvSpIÄ {][m\ambpw H¶papXð H³]Xv

hscbpw AXpt]mse A,B,C,D F¶o t]cpIfpw

s{]mt^mÀabnemWv X¿mdm¡pI. C¯cw

s{]mt^mÀabnð tcJs¸Sp¯nb t{]mPIvSpIÄ

sXcbm\pÅ kwhn[m\amWnXv.


“s{]t^mÀabpsS Xcw” F¶ en¦v ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

s{]mt^mÀabpsS Xcw tcJs¸Sp¯m\pÅ kv{Io³

e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.6)

Nn{Xw 4.6

s{]t^mÀabpsS Xcw D]tbmKn¨pÅ sXc¨nð sXc¨nð \St¯ï coXn

4.5.1 kv{Io\nse s{]t^mÀabpsS Xcw F¶ tImt¼mbnð

\n¶pw sXc¨nð \St¯ï t^mdw \¼À

sXcsªSp¡pI.





sN¿pI.

4.5.3 sXc¨nð \S¯m\mbn \ðInb s{]mt^mÀabpsS

Xc¯nð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ Dsï¦nð Ah

AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.



4.6 {]tXyI ]cn]mSnIÄ GsX¦nepw Hcp {]tXyI ]cn]mSnbnð DÄs¸«

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhcw sXcªv Iïp]nSn¡m\pÅ

amÀ¤amWnXv.


“{]tXyI ]cn]mSnIÄ” F¶ k_v sa\p

sXcsªSp¡pI. Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð \S¯p¶

kv{Io\nsâ CSXv `mK¯pÅ ]«nIbnse ‘{]tXyI

]cn]mSnIÄ’ F¶ en¦v sXcsªSp¡pI. hnhn[

]cn]mSnIfpsS t]cpIÄ AS§nb Hcp

tImt¼mtbmSpIqSnb Hcp kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw4.7)


Nn{Xw 4.7

{]tXyI ]cn]mSnIfnð DÄs¸Sp¶ t{]mPIvSpIÄ

sXcbm\pÅ kv{Io³.

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡p¶ coXn

4.6.1 kv{Io\nse {]tXyI ]cn]mSnIÄ F¶ tImt¼mbnð

\n¶pw sXc¨nð \nÀÆlnt¡ï “{]tXyI ]cn]mSn”

sXcsªSp¡pI.


sN¿pI.

4.6.3 sXc¨nð \S¯m\mbn \ðInb hnhc¯nð DÄs¸«

t{]mPIvSpIÄ Dsï¦nð Ah AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw.





4.7 t{]mPIvSnsâ Xcw. Un.]n.kn.AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfnse GI

hÀj t{]mPIvSpIfnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIfptSbpw

_lphÀj t{]mPIvSpIfnð DÄs¸«

t{]mPIvSpIfptSbpw hnhc§Ä sXcªv Iïp

]nSn¡p¶Xn\pÅ amÀKw.


“t{]mPIvSnsâ Xcw” F¶ k_v sa\p sXcsªSp¡pI.

Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð \S¯p¶ kv{Io\nsâ CSXv

`mK¯pÅ “t{]mPIvSnsâ Xcw” F¶ en¦nð ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð “GIhÀj t{]mPIvSmtWm “_lphÀj

t{]mPIvSmtWm” F¶v tcJs¸Sp¯m\pÅ kv{Io³

e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.8)

Nn{Xw 4.8

t{]mPIvSnsâ Xcw A\pkcn¨pÅ sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m\pÅ kv{Io³.

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡p¶ coXn NphsS tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.




4.7.1 kv{Io\nse “GIhÀj t{]mPIvSv” Asñ¦nð

“_lphÀj t{]mPIvSv” F¶Xnð GsX¦nepw Hcp

Hm]vj³ sXcsªSp¡pI

4.7.2 tijw kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ skÀ¨v F¶ _«¬

¢n¡v sN¿pI.

4.7.3 sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m\mbn \ðInb “t{]mPIvSnsâ

Xcw” F¶Xnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ AS§nb Hcp

]«nI e`n¡pw.



4.8 BkvXnIÄ AXmXv hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn AwKoImcw e`n¨

t{]mPIvSpIfnð \n¶pw Hcp {]tXyI Xc¯nepÅ

BkvXnbnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ sXcªv

Iïp]nSn¡p¶Xn\pÅXmWv Cu amÀKw. {][m\

kv{Io\nse “BkvXnIÄ” F¶ k_v sa\p

sXcsªSp¡pI Asñ¦nð sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡p¶

kv{Io\nsâ CSXv hi¯pÅ ]«nIbnse “BkvXnIÄ”

F¶ en¦nð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð {]tXyI BkvXnbnð

DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ sXcªv Iïp]nSn¡m\pÅ

kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 4.9)


Nn{Xw 4.9

{]tXyI BkvXnbnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIfnð sXc¨nð \S¯m\pÅ kv{Io³.

sXc¨nð \nÀÆln¡m\pÅ coXn

4.8.1 BkvXnIÄ F¶ tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw sXc¨nð

\nÀÆlnt¡ï BkvXn sXcsªSp¡pI.

4.8.2 tijw skÀ¨v F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð sXc¨nð

\nÀÆlnt¡ï BkvXnbnð DÄs¸« t{]mPIvSpIÄ

e`yamsW¦nð Ah AS§nb Hcp ]«nI e`n¡pw.






5.

\\nnÀÀÆÆllWWww



5 \\nnÀÀÆÆllWWww Hmtcm Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯ntebpw hmÀjnI ]²Xn

`cW kanXn AwKoIcn¨ tijw sSIv\n¡ð AUvsshkdn

I½nän ]cntim[n¨v Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImc¯n\mbn Pnñm

¹m\nwKv Hm^oknð F¯n¡p¶p. Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw

e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIÄ am{Xw AXmXv Pnñm ¹m\nwKv Hm^oknse

I¼yq«dneqsS tUäm F³{Sn \S¯p¶p. A§s\ tUäm F³{Sn

\S¯nb UnPnäð tUä I¼yq«À irwJebneqsS AXmXv

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ

hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶ I¼yq«dnð F¯p¶p. C¯cw hnhc§Ä

AXmXv Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse DtZymKØÀ¡v

Xncp¯phm³ IgnbpIbnñ. F¶mð Hmtcm t{]mPIvSpIfptSbpw

X³amk sNehpIfpsS hnhc§Ä ¹m³ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶

DtZymKØ\v tcJs¸Sp¯m³ km[n¡pw. AtXmsSm¸w

{]kvXpX Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯n\v AXmXp hÀjw e`n¨

_UvPäv XpIbpsS hnhc§fpw e`n¡p¶XmWv. CtXmsSm¸w

dnhnj³ t{]mPIvSpIfpw Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw e`n¡p¶ apd¡v

apIfnð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð I¼yq«À irwJebneqsS

e`n¡pw. AXpt]mse Xs¶ X³amk§fnð tcJs¸Sp¯nb

Hmtcm t{]mPIvSnsâbpw sNehnsâbpw hnhc§Ä I¼yq«À

irwJebneqsS kwØm\Xe¯nð hn\ykn¨n«pÅ

skÀÆdnte¡v ssIamdmhp¶XmWv.

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse Un.]n.kn.AwKoImcw e`n¨

Hmtcm t{]mPIvSnsâbpw X³amk sNehpIÄ

tcJs¸Sp¯m\pÅ “[\Imcy§Ä” (`mKw 5.1 ð

hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶p) F¶ k_v sa\phpw, Xt±i`cW

Øm]\¯n\mbn X³hÀj A\phZn¨ncn¡p¶ _UvPäv


XpIbpsS hnhc§Ä AS§nbncn¡p¶ “_UvPäv

hniZmwi§Ä” (`mKw 5.2 ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶p.) F¶ k_v

sa\phpamWv \nÀÆlWw F¶ {][m\ sa\phnepÅXv.

{i²n¡pI

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse ]²Xn ssIImcyw sN¿p¶

DtZymKØ\v am{Xta “\nÀÆlWw” F¶ sa\phnse

“[\Imcy t\«§Ä” F¶ k_vsa\p e`n¡pIbpÅp.

5.1 [\Imcy t\«§Ä: {][m\ kv{Io\nse “\nÀÆlWw” F¶ sa\phnse

“[\Imcyt\«§Ä” F¶ k_vsa\p sXcªpS¯mð

sNehv tcJs¸Spt¯ïp¶ amkw sXcsªSp¡m\pÅ

kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 5.1)




Nn{Xw 5.1

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS sNehv tcJs¸Spt¯ïp¶ amkw sXcsªSp¡m\pÅ kv{Io³

5.1.1 X\Xv hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw e`n¨ apgph³

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI (`mKw 5.1.5) D]tbmKnt¨m

Asñ¦nð Hcp {]tXyI Cw¹nsaânwKv HmôkdpsS

Iognð hcp¶ ]«nI (`mKw 5.1.2) D]tbmKnt¨m Hcp

{]tXyI t{]mPIvSv sXcsªSp¯v apIfnð

sXcsªSp¯ amks¯ sNehnsâ hnhc§Ä

tcJs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv.

5.1.2 Cw¹nsaânwKv HmôkdpsS (\nÀÆlW DtZymKØ³)

Iognð hcp¶ t{]mPIvSpIÄ e`n¡Wsa¦nð Nn{Xw

5.1þð \ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ

Cw¹nsaânwKv HmôkÀ sshkv F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sN¿Ww.

5.1.3 {]kvXpX Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse X\Xv hÀjs¯

apgph³ Cw¹nsaânwKv HmôkÀamcptSbpw t]cpIÄ

AS§p¶ Hcp ]«nI e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 5.2)


Nn{Xw 5.2 Cw¹nsaânwKv Hm^okÀamcpsS (\nÀÆlW

DtZymKØòmcpsS) t]cS§p¶ ]«nI e`n¡p¶ kv{Io³.

5.1.4 kv{Io\nse ]«nIbnð \n¶pw A\ptbmPyamb

Cw¹nsaânwKv Hm^okdpsS t]cnð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

{]kvXpX DtZymKØsâ Iognð hcp¶ t{]mPIvSp

IfpsS ]«nI e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 5.3) tijw `mKw 5.1.6 ð

hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð Hmtcm t{]mPIvSnsâbpw

apIfnð sXcsªSp¯ amks¯ sNehv

tcJs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv.

5.1.5 X\Xv hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw e`n¨ apgph³

t{]mPIvSpIfpw e`n¡Wsa¦nð Nn{Xw 5.1 ð

\ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ

t{]mPIvSvsshkv F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI. At¸mÄ



`mKw 5.1..6ð (Nn{Xw5.3) hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ kv{Io³

e`n¡pw.

5.1.6 apIfnð sXcsªSp¯ (Cw¹nsaânwKv Hm^okÀ

amcpsS Iognð hcp¶ t{]mPIvSpIÄ Asñ¦nð

Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse X³ hÀjs¯ apgph³

t{]mPIvSpIfpsSbpw) t{]mPIvSv \¼cpw, t]cpw

AS§nb ]«nI e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 5.3)

Nn{Xw 5.3

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS ]«nI

5.1.7 kv{Io\nse (Nn{Xw 5.3) A\ptbmPyamb t{]mPIvSnsâ

t]cnð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð {]kvXpX t{]mPIvSnsâ Nn{Xw

5.1 ð sXcsªSp¯ amks¯ ]Xn\mev

[\t{kmXkpIfnepapÅ sNehnsâ XpI

tcJs¸Sp¯m\pÅ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 5.4)



Nn{Xw 5.4 sXcsªSp¯ t{]mPIvSnsâ sNehv tcJs¸Sp¯phm\pÅ

kv{Io³

5.1.8 kv{Io\nsâ apIÄ `mK¯mbn sXcsªSp¯

t{]mPIvSnsâ \¼cpw, t]cpw, sNehv tcJs¸Sp¯p

¶Xn\pÅ amkhpw e`n¡pw. AtXmsSm¸w 14

[\t{kmXÊpIfpsS t]cpw Ahbntemtcm¶nepw

A\phZn¨ncn¡p¶ ]²Xn AS¦ð XpIbpw, CXphsc

tcJs¸Sp¯nb sNehnsâ hnhchpw, _m¡n XpIbpsS

hnhc§fpw e`n¡pw. kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ “Edit”

F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð am{Xta {]kvXpX

amks¯ sNehv tcJs¸Sp¯m³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.

5.1.9 Hmtcm [\t{kmXÊnepapÅ sNehv AXmXv sSIvkväv

t_mIvknð tcJs¸Sp¯pI. tijw kv{Io\nsâ

NphsSbpÅ “Save” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð



apIfnð tcJs¸Sp¯nb sNehv I¼yq«dnð

kpc£nXamIpw.

5.1.10 kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ _m¡v F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð `mKw 5.1.6 se Nn{Xw 5.3 e`n¡pw. XpSÀ¶v

`mKw 5.1.6 ð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ coXnbnð aäv

t{]mPIvSpIfptSbpw sNehv tcJs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv.

5.2 _UvPäv hniZmwi§Ä: {][m\ kv{Io\nse \nÀÆlWw F¶ sa\phnse

“_UvPäv hniZmwi§Ä” F¶ k_v sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð

X³hÀjw {]kvXpX Xt±i `cW Øm]\¯n\v A\phZn¨

_UvPänsâ XpIbpsS hnhcw AS§nb kv{Io³ e`n¡pw

(Nn{Xw5.5)

Nn{Xw 5.5

_UvPäv XpIbpsS hnhc§Ä AS§nb kv{Io³. {]kvXpX kv{Io\nse hnhc§Ä D]tbmàmhn\v Xncp¯phm³ km[n¡nñ. {]kvXpX kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ tkhv F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð CXv kv{Io\nð \n¶pw ]pd¯v t]mImhp¶XmWv.




6.

ddnntt¸̧mmÀÀ««vv


6 ddnntt¸̧mmÀÀ««vv

Un.]n.kn.bpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS

hnhc§Ä kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfnð

DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶Xmbn apIfnð hnhcn¨ncp¶tñm.

AtXmsSm¸w Hmtcm t{]mPIvSn\pw AXmXv amkw sNehn«

XpIbpsS hnhc§fpw tcJs¸Sp¯msa¶v ap³]pÅ `mK§fnð

hnhcn¨ncp¶p. F¶mð C¯cw hnhc§fpsS hnhn[

coXnbnepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`n¨mð am{Xta Imcy£aX

hÀ²n¡pIbpÅp. kpteJ Fð._n tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¨v

hmÀjnI ]²XnbpsS hnhn[ Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw

hmÀjnI sNehnsâ hnhn[ Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw

AXpt]mse {]Xnamk sNehnsâ hnhn[ Xc¯nepÅ

dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw e`yamWv.

tkm^vävshbdnsâ {][m\ kv{Io\nse “dnt¸mÀ«v” F¶

sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð hmÀjnI ]²XnbpsS hnhn[

Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`n¡p¶ “hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«v” F¶

k_v sa\phpw, hmÀjnI sNehnsâ hnhn[ Xc¯nepÅ

dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`n¡p¶ “hmÀjnI sNehv” F¶ k_v sa\phpw

{]Xnamkw tcJs¸Sp¯nb sNehpIfpsS ASnØm\¯nepÅ

“{]Xnamk sNehv” F¶ k_v sa\phpw e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 6.1)

Nn{Xw 6.1

dnt¸mÀ«v sa\p



6.1 hmÀjnI ]²Xn dnt¸mÀ«v {][m\ambpw H³]Xv Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIfmWv

hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«nð DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. {][m\

kv{Io\nse “dnt¸mÀ«v” F¶ sa\phnse “hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«v”

F¶ k_v sa\p sXcsªSp¯mð Nn{Xw 6.2 ð

\ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw.

Nn{Xw 6.2

kv{Io\nsâ a[y`mK¯pÅ ]«nIbnse Hmtcm hn`mK¯nepapÅ

dnt¸mÀ«nð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð ]«nIbpsS apIfnembn,

sXcsªSp¯ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ Xc¯nsâ t]cv e`n¡pw.



AXn\ptijw NphsSbpÅ “dnt¸mÀ«v” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð apIfnð sXcsªSp¯ dnt¸mÀ«v AS§nb Hcp

kv{Io³ e`n¡pw. DZmlcW¯n\v ]«nIbnse “hn`mKw Xncn¨pw

taJe Xncn¨papÅ hnlnXw” F¶ dnt¸mÀ«v sXcsªSp¯Xn\p

tijw kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ “dnt¸mÀ«v” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sNbvXmð Nn{Xw 6.3ð \ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw.

Nn{Xw 6.3

hn`mKw Xncn¨pw taJe Xncn¨papÅ hnlnXw AS§nb dnt¸mÀ«nsâ amXrI.

6.1.1 dnt¸mÀ«v {]nâv sN¿p¶Xn\pÅ amÀ¤w

{]kvXpX kv{Io\nsâ apIfnepÅ {]nâdnsâ

Nn{XapÅ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð kv{Io\nse dnt¸mÀ«v {]nâv

sN¿m\pÅ Hcp sNdnb kv{Io³ e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 6.4)



Nn{Xw 6.4

dnt¸mÀ«v {]nâv sN¿m\pÅ kv{Io³.

apIfnð sXcsªSp¯ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ F{X tIm¸n

({]nâv) e`n¡Ww F¶ hnhcw kv{Io\nse Number of

copies F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð tcJs¸Sp¯n {]nâv

F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð I¼yq«dnð

_Ôn¸n¨ncn¡p¶ {]nâdnð {]nâv e`n¡p¶XmWv.



6.2 hmÀjnI sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v hmÀjnI sNehv kw_Ôn¨v {][m\ambn Ggp

Xc¯nepÅ dnt¸mÀ«pIfmWv sa\phnð

DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶Xv {][m\ kv{Io\nse “dnt¸mÀ«v”

F¶ sa\phnse “hmÀjnI sNehv” F¶ k_v sa\p

sXcsªSp¯mð Nn{Xw 6.5 ð \ðInbncn¡p¶

kv{Io³ e`n¡pw.

Nn{Xw 6.5

`mKw 6.1 ð ]e Xc¯nepÅ hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ

sXcsªSp¯Xv t]mse Xs¶bmWv Nn{Xw 6.5 ð

\ðInbncn¡p¶ hnhn[ Xcw hmÀjnI sNehv

dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw X¿mdmt¡ïXv.



6.3 {]Xnamk sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v. hmÀjnI sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v X¿mdm¡nbXpt]mse

X¶bmWv {]Xnamk sNehv dnt¸mÀ«pw

X¿mdmt¡ïXv. F¶mð {]Xnamk sNehv dnt¸mÀ«v

X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\mbn dnt¸mÀ«v e`nt¡ï amkw

sXcsªSp¡pI. AXn\ptijw A\ptbmPyamb

dnt¸mÀ«nsâ Xcw sXcsªSp¯v kv{Io\nsâ

NphsSbpÅ “OK” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

Bhiyamb dnt¸mÀ«v e`n¡pw. (Nn{Xw 6.6)

Nn{Xw 6.6

{]Xnamk dnt¸mÀ«v X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\pÅ kv{Io³




7.

AAUUvvaann\\nnkkvvtt{{SSjj³³



7 AAUUvvaann\\nnkkvvtt{{SSjj³³

Hmtcm Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\¯n\pw Un.]n.kn.

AwKoIcn¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§fpw, ]n¶oSv ]pXp¡nb

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§fpw hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«v X¿mdm¡epw.

Hmtcm t{]mPIvSnsâbpw X³amk sNehnsâ hnhc§Ä

tcJs¸Sp¯epw, {]kvXpX sNehnsâ hnhn[ hmÀjnI

dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡p¶Xn\papÅ kwhn[m\§sf Ipdn¨p

ap³ `mK§fnð hniZoIcn¨phtñm. F¶mð apIfnð ]dª

hnhc§Ä Hcp I¼yq«À irwJe hgn Xt±i`cW

Øm]\¯nse I¼yq«dnte¡v F¯n¡pIbpw X³

amksNehnsâ IW¡v Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse I¼yq«dnð

\n¶pw kwØm\ Xe¯nepÅ skÀhÀ I¼yq«dnte¡v Ab¨v

sImSpt¡ïXpapïv.

AXpt]mse Xs¶ kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ

D]tbmKn¡p¶ D]tbmàm¡fpsS hnhc§fpw (`mKw 2.2)

tcJs¸Spt¯ïXpïv. apIfnð hnhcn¨ cïp {]hÀ¯\§fpw

(I¼yq«À irwJebneqsS tUäm ssIamdp¶ {]hÀ¯\hpw

(`mKw 7.4) D]tbmàm¡sf tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ {]hÀ¯\hpw

(`mKw 7.3) AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ ]ZhnbpÅ DtZymKØ\p am{Xta

\nÀÆln¡m³ IgnbpIbpÅp. Ch cïpw AUvan\nkvt{SädpsS

{][m\ kv{Io\nse “AUvan\nkvt{Sj³” F¶ sa\phnemWv

e`n¡p¶Xv.



apIfnð hnhcn¨ncn¡p¶ {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v ]pdta

Hmtcm D]tbmàmhnsâbpw ]mkvthÀUv amäm\pw, Ct¸mÄ

D]tbmKn¡p¶ hÀj¯n\p ]Icw asämcp hÀjw

sXcsªSp¡m\pw (`mKw 7.3) AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ¡v ]pdta

asäñm D]tbmàm¡Ä¡pw km[n¡pw. “AUvan\nkvt{Sj³”

F¶ sa\phnse {][m\s¸« \mev k_v sa\phns\ Ipdn¨v

NphsS hniZoIcn¡p¶p.

7.1 skänwKvkv kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfneqsS D]tbmàmhn\v

BhiyapÅ hÀjs¯ t{]mPIvSpIÄ e`n¡p¶XmWv.

AXmbXv 2003þ04 se Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw e`n¨

t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä e`n¡p¶Xn\mbn

“skänwKvkv” F¶ k_v sa\phnse kv{Io\nse hÀjw

F¶ tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw 2003þ04 F¶ hÀjw

sXcsªSp¯mð {]kvXpX hÀjs¯ Un.]n.kn.

AwKoImcw e`n¨ t{]mPIvSpIfpsS hnhc§Ä e`n¡pw.

hÀjw tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ amÀKw NphsS tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.

7.1.1 {][m\ kv{Io\nse “AUvan\nkvt{Sj³” F¶

sa\phnse “skänwKvkv” F¶ k_v sa\p

sXcsªSp¡pI.

7.1.2 Nn{Xw 7.1 ð \ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw.


Nn{Xw 7.1

7.1.3 kv{Io\nse hÀjw F¶ tImt¼mbnð \n¶pw

A\ptbmPyamb hÀjw sXcsªSp¡pI.

7.1.4 AXn\p tijw (O.K). F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sN¿pI. Nn{Xw

7.2 ð \ðInbncn¡p¶ kv{Io³ e`n¡pw. AXnð

apIfnð sXcsªSp¯ hÀjs¯ t{]mPIvSpIÄ

e`n¡p¶XmWv.

Nn{Xw 7.2



7.1.5 kpteJ tkm^vävshbdnð \n¶pw ]pd¯v

t]mbXn\ptijw (bqkÀ s\bnapw ]mkvthÀUpw

\ðIn) H¶pIqSn {]thin¨mð am{Xta apIfnð

sXcsªSp¯ hÀjs¯ apgph³ t{]mPIvSpIfpw

e`n¡pIbpÅq.

7.2 ]mkvthÀUv amäpI. kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶ Fñm

D]tbmàm¡Ä¡pw AhchcpsS ]mkvthÀUv (clky tImUv)

amtäïn hcpw.

7.1.6 ]mkvthÀUv amäp¶ coXn.

tkm^vävshbdnse {][m\ kv{Io\nse AUvan\nkvt{Sj³

F¶ sa\phnse ]mkvthÀUv amäpI F¶ k_v sa\p

sXcsªSp¯mð, D]tbmàmhnsâ t]cv AS§nb Hcp

sSIväv t_mIvkv e`n¡pw (Nn{Xw 7.3)




Nn{Xw 7.3

]mkvthÀUv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð ]pXnb

]mkvthÀUv \ðIpI. ]mkvthÀUv \ðIp¶ sSIvÌv

t_mIvknð D]tbmàmhv GX£cw tcJs¸Sp¯nbmepw

* F¶ ASbmfw am{Xta e`n¡pIbpÅq. AXn\mð

]mkvthÀUv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð tcJs¸Sp¯nbXv

icnbmWv F¶v Dd¸m¡p¶Xn\mbn ]mkvthÀUv

Dd¸m¡pI F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð H¶pIqSn

tcJs¸Sp¯pI. tijw kv{Io\nsâ NphsSbpÅ ‘OK’ F¶ _«Wnð ¢n¡v sNbvXmð ]pXnb ]mkvthÀUv

I¼yq«dnð kpc£nXamIp¶XmWv. (tkhv)

{i²n¡pI:

]mkvthÀUv F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð tcJs¸Sp¯nb hnhc§fpw, ]mkvthÀUv Dd¸m¡pI F¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð tcJs¸Sp¯nb hnhchpw X½nð kmayansñ¦nð ]mkvthÀUv H¶pIqSn tcJs¸Sp¯pI F¶v Bhiys¸«p sImïpÅ Hcp sNdnb hn³tUm e`n¡pw. kpteJbnte¡v temKn³ sNbvX D]tbmàmhn\p kz´w ]mkvthÀUv am{Xta amäm³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.

7.3 ]pXnb D]tbmàmhns\ Iq«nt¨À¡ð. Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse ¹m³ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶

DtZymKØÀ¡p am{Xta kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ F¶

B¹nt¡j³ tkm^vävshbÀ D]tbmKn¡m³ ]mSpÅq. kpteJ

Fð._n. tamUyqÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶ D]tbmàm¡sf

Xocpam\nt¡ïXv Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse sk{I«dnbmWv.


kpteJ tkm^vävshbdnð AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ F¶

D]tbmàmhv {]kvXpX Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse sk{I«dn

F¶ DtZymKØ\mbncn¡pw. AXn\mð AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ F¶

]ZhnbpÅ DtZymKØ\pam{Xta ]pXnb D]tbmàmhns\

Iq«nt¨À¡m³ km[n¡pIbpÅq.

{][m\ kv{Io\nse AUvan\nkvt{Sj³ F¶ sa\phnse

“]pXnb D]tbmàm¡Ä” F¶ k_vsa\p sXcsªSp¯mð

AUvan\nknt{SäÀ¡v ]pXnb D]tbmàmhns\

Iq«nt¨À¡mhp¶XmWv. (Nn{Xw 7)

Nn{Xw 7

]pXnb D]tbmàmhns\ Iq«nt¨À¡m\pÅ kv{Io³

7.1.7 kv{Io\nð hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ coXn.

bqkÀ sF.Un. ]pXnb D]tbmàmhnsâ t]cv

Asñ¦nð Npcp¡t¸cv. Htc t]cnepÅ H¶ne[nIw




D]tbmàm¡Ä Dsï¦nð AhÀs¡ñmhÀ¡pw Htc

bqkÀ sF.Un. \ðIcpXv.

bqkÀ ssS¸v : D]tbmàr Xcw. \nehnepÅ

kwhn[m\¯nse DtZymKØsâ HutZymKnI

Øm\¯nsâ kam\ambn kpteJ tkm^vävshbdnð

D]tbmKn¡p¶ Øm\t¸cmWv D]tbmàrXcw.

{][m\ambn aq¶v D]tbmàyXcamWv kpteJ

Fð._n. tamUyqfnepÅXv. (`mKw þþþð

hniZoIcn¨ncn¡p¶p).

bqkdnsâ t]cv: D]tbmàmhnsâ icnbmb t]cv

(C\njyð klnXw) tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

]mkvthÀUv: D]tbmàmhnsâ clkytImUv

]pXnbXmbn Hmtcm D]tbmàmhns\ tNÀ¡pt¼mgpw

AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ Hcp clky\maw \ðIWw. ]t£

{]kvXpX D]tbmàmhv BZyambn temKn³

sN¿pt¼mÄ Xs¶ Cu ]mkvthÀUv

Dt]mbnKnt¡ïXmWv.

{i²n¡pI. ]mkvthÀUv tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ sSIvÌv t_mIvknð GXv A£cw ssS¸v sNbvXmepw “*” F¶ A£cw am{Xta sXfnbpIbpÅq.

]mkvthÀUv Dd¸m¡pI: D]tbmàmhn\v \ðInb

]mkvthÀUv icnbmsW¶v Dd¸m¡m\mbn H¶pIqSn

tcJs¸Sp¯pI. AXn\p tijw kv{Io\nsâ

NphsSbpÅ “OK” F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð

]pXnb D]tbmàmhnsâ hnhcw I¼yq«dnð

kpc£nXamIpw


7.4 sF.]n. skänwKvkv: AUvan\nkvt{SäÀ ]ZhnbpÅ DtZymKØ\p am{Xta

sF.]n. skänwKvkv F¶ kwhn[m\w D]tbmKn¡m³

km[n¡pIbpÅq. Xt±i`cW Øm]\§fpsS I¼yq«À

irwJeIfnse hnhn[ Øm]\§fnð

hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶ {][m\ I¼yq«dpIfpsS A{UÊv (IP

Address) kwhn[m\w (CâÀs\äv t{]mt«mt¡mÄ

A{UÊv) tcJs¸Sp¯m\pÅ kwhn[m\w (Nn{Xw 7 þþ)

Nn{Xw 7.

sF.]n. skänwKvkv tcJ¸Sp¯phm\pÅ kv{Io³.

kv{Io\nð {][m\ambpw A©v I¼yq«dpIfpsS A{UÊmWv

\ðtIïXv.




1. Local Body IP: Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶

{][m\ I¼yq«dnsâ IP. Address tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

2. DPO IP: kpteJ Fð._n tamUyqÄ

hn\ykn¨ncn¡p¶ Xt±i`cW Øm]\w ØnXn

sN¿p¶ Pnñm ¹m\nwKv Hm^oknse {][m\

I¼yq«dnsâ IP. Address tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

3. SPB IP: kwØm\ ¹m\nwKv t_mÀUnsâ

B^oknse {][m\ I¼yq«dnsâ IP. Address tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

4. LB Kiosk IP: Xt±i`cW Øm]\¯nse kpteJ

Fð._n. IntbmkvIv F¶ tkm^vävshbÀ

ØnXnsN¿p¶ {][m\ I¼yq«dnsâ IP. Address tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

5. Data Center IP: kwØm\ Xe¯nð ØnXn

sN¿p¶ tUäm skâÀ F¶ I¼yq«dnsâ IP.

Address tcJs¸Sp¯pI.

apIfnð \ðInb hnhc§Ä kv{Io\nte¡v

tcJs¸Sp¯Wsa¦nð Edit F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v

sN¿pI. A\ptbmPyamb hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯nb

tijw Save F¶ _«¬ ¢n¡v sNbvXmð apIfnð

\ðInb hnhc§Ä I¼yq«dnð kpc£nXamIpw

(tkhv)



8.

tteemmKKuu««vv


8 vtteemmKKuu««v kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ F¶ tkm^vävshbdnð \n¶pw

]pd¯v t]mIm\pw (FIvknäv) AXpt]mseXs¶ ]pd¯v

t]mImsX H¶pIqSn temKn³ sN¿phm\papÅ kwhn[m\w

(dntemKn³) F¶nhbmWv temKu«v F¶ sa\phneqsS

\nÀÆln¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xv.

8.1 FIvknäv kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqÄ F¶ B¹nt¡j³ tkm^vävshbdnsâ hn³tUmbnð \n¶pw ]pd¯v t]mIm\pÅ k_vsa\p (Nn{Xw 8.1)

Nn{Xw 8.1

D]tbmàmhn\v hoïpw kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfnte¡v {]thin¡Wsa¦nð `mKw 2. þþð hniZoIcn¨ncn¡p¶ Xpt]mse sN¿pI.

8.2 do temKn³

kpteJ Fð._n. tamUyqfnsâ {][m\ kv{Io\nð \n¶pw ]pd¯v t]mbn H¶pIqSn temKn³ sN¿m\mbn FIvknäv F¶ sa\phnse dotemKn³ F¶ k_vsa\p ¢n¡v sN¿pI. (Nn{Xw 8.2)

Nn{Xw 8.2

{]kvXpX sa\p ¢n¡v sNbvXmð tkm^vävshbdnsâ {][m\ kv{Io\nð \n¶pw ]pd¯v t]mhpIbpw AXn\p tijw temKn³ sN¿m\pÅ kv{Io³ e`n¡pIbpw sN¿pw.


kptej fð. n. tamuyqÄ lb module v1.0.pdf · kptej fð._n. tamuyqÄ c³^Àtaj³ ticf anj³ 8 2.1...

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