Kozicki Enterprises Company

Second Solar

Lithium Ion Batteries

Varun Sudhindra DesaiNikhil Kulkarni

SEC 598 Project 1

Outline

Introduction

Li ion Batteries

Electrochemistry

Manufacturing

Li – Ion Batteries for PV system

SWOT analysis

Canal Solar Power Project in Gujarat, India. Project covers 11000 mi of canal with PV modules, 2200 MW power generation target.Picture Credits: deshgujarat.com

Reference: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall

Reference: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall

Reference: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall

Reference: http://www.teslamotors.com/powerwall

• Positive electrode: Lithiated form of a transition metal oxide (lithium cobalt oxide-LiCoO2 or lithium manganese oxide LiMn2O4)

• Negative electrode: Carbon (C), usually graphite (C6)

• Electrolyte: solid lithium-salt electrolytes (LiPF6, LiBF4, or LiClO4) and organic solvents (ether)

•Shapes: Small cylindrical, Large Cylindrical, Prismatic, Pouch type

Construction of Lithium Ion battery

Li – Ion Batteries

Mpoweruk.com

Li – Ion Batteries

Batteyunversity.com

Electrochemistry

LiFePO4 — xLi+ — xe- → xFePO4 + (1 — x) LiFePO4, (1)

FePO4 + xLi+ + xe- →xLiFePO4 + (1 — x) FePO4, (2)

Pic from [1]

Manufacturing1. Mix the electrode material with a conductive binder

to form a slurry2. Slurry is spread on the foil 3. Thickness of electrode coating is adjusted4. Coated foils are slit into narrow strips suitable for

different sizes of electrodes

Companies:• A123 systems• Samsung • Sony• Panasonic

Li – Ion Batteries for PV system• High safety standards• Maintenance Free• Larger Calendar life• Power Density: 270 W/kg• Energy Density: 180 Wh/kg• Compact • So, energy storage comes as a package with battery packs and Battery management system

Maik Neumann et al have proposed methods to calculate the Return on Investment (ROI) for PV systems installation with Li-ion battery. Taking into consideration the rising energy demand in Germany and assuming the reduction of energy storage prices, they predict for a PV system installed in 2015 on a household with consumption of 4500 kWh/year, the ROI would be positive by 2018 , [2]

Pic Credit: Comparison the economic analysis of the battery betweenclithium-ion and lead-acid in PV stand-alone application Suratsawadee Anuphappharadorn, Sukruedee Sukchai, Chatchai Sirisamphanwong and Nipon Ketjoy F*

Reference

[1] Wu, Borong, Yonghuan Ren, and Ning Li. "LiFePO4 Cathode Material." Electric Vehicles “The Benefits and Barriers (2011). Web. 8 Oct. 2015.

[2] Naumann, Maik, Ralph Ch. Karl, Cong Nam Truong, Andreas Jossen, and Holger C. Hesse. "Lithium-ion Battery Cost Analysis in PV-household Application." Energy Procedia: 37-47. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.

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