8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

1/29

bisem3?93

|||*hfd*jdq

bisem 3?93

Efsjdngij Emdssw Cnfuufbu Cde\mdsd qmd cndih |gjqds sdedlfnadj enftau f f|dsu cnfu

Efbd ija Uqiw gj MijI qsiagqgfjin inqdsjiqg

qwpgein ieefbbfaiq

Hfsdij

FsgdjqinBdagegjdSdiemduFtq cdwfjaHfsdi

_sgjegpndf`wgjijawi

jlc

sgjluag

udiud

tja

dsefj

qsfn

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

2/29

I ; 6 *

C ; 6 * *

Qsw qf bihd i efjdsuiqgfj iu

utllduqda cw qmd `fnnf|gjl d}ibpnd*

Ndqu psieqged

\mdj wft bddq pdfpnd fs qmd suq qgbd. wft uiw mdnnf ija

gjqsfated wftsudn*

\miq isd qmd fsbtnige d}psduugfju tuda qf lsddq pdfpnd

gj Hfsdij6 Ija mf| |ftna af wft sdupfja qf utem lsddqgjl

Ndqu uqtaw mf| qf gjqsfated wftsudn gj Hfsdij*

-Ijjwdfjlmiudwf' gu tutinnw tuda

|mdj lsddqgjl dnadsu fs jd| pdfpnd*

\mdj lsddqgjl qmdb. gq gu pfngqd qf cf| wfts mdia*

Qmdud udjqdjed piqqdsju isd tuda qf lgd ija iuh fjdu

pdsufjin gj`fsbiqgfj*

" ija " & isd gbpfsqijq hdw qf bihd

i udjqdjed gj Hfsdij*

" gu iqqiemda qf i jftj dgqmds |mdj qmdsd gu efjjfqiqgfj f`

efjqsiuq |gqm ijfqmds utckdeq fs qf gjageiqd qmd qfpge |mgem

qmd updihds gu gjqdjagjl qf qinh icftq*

" & isd iqqiemda qf i jftj ija `tjeqgfju

nghd cd gj Djlngum*

G` qmd psdgftu jftj djau gj i efjufjijq. " `fnnf|u.

fj qmd fqmds mijag` qmd psdgftu jftj djau gj f|dn. " `fnnf|u*

Ndisj

6

Mdnnf*Ijjwdfjlmiudwf6

*

Gqu jged qf bddq wft*

Bijjiudf cijli|fwf*

* &&

*

Bw jibd gu Bgemidn* &&

G ib Jifhf*

Kdfjdtj Bgemidn"gdwf* &&

Kdfjdtj Jifhf"wdwf*

Uiw Mdnnfgj Hfsdij)

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

3/29

5=

Updegin GuutdUtn muu 3?93 jtensUetsg Utg

53

Jf| gj HfsdiE a U gmh6

3=

`duqginwlahU| Es @ugn

50

UpfsquUtneehu @nglmgl `s Lna

51

DjqdsqigjbdjqHsu @tugUlth

31

QsidnEsng Esscnuuu g Lts

90

_dfpndm|l ctl"hg. bus g EnuugenHs btuge

93

_dj & cstumN Alg. pgs Pltsa ` Hsis

33

UdftnLsutlgn. qsausupsa

3?

Lsdiq Hfsdijj"kt pgh. @s `Pga is

efjqdjqubisem 3?93 Pfn*7 jf*5

?3

Udeqgfj 9

Emisieqdsguqgeu ija\fsna|gad Sdptqiqgfj

Udeqgfj 3

Qmdsipgdu f HfsdijFsgdjqin Bdagegjd

Udeqgfj 5

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin BdagegjdEfjjdeqgjl |gqm qmd \fsna

Efds UqfswHfsdij FsgdjqinBdagegjd

Sdiemdu Ftqcdwfja Hfsdi

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

4/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem3

efpds uqfsw

Hfsdij Fsdjqin bdaejd -HFB' cdlij qf

iqqsieq |fsna|ad iqqdjqfj |mdj Afjltg

cflib |iu juescda fj qmd Bdbfsw f` qmd

\fsna Sdluqds cw TJDUEF j 3??7* Hfsdij

Fsdjqin bdaejd d|u qmd mtbij cfaw

iu i ubinn tjdsud j qudn` ija iqqdbpqu

qf etsd audiud cw adjq`wjl ija mijanjl

qu `tjaibdjqin eitudu* gq u |dnefbda iu i

bdaejd f` qmd `tqtsd ija u upsdiajl ytehnw

isftja qmd |fsna* gjesdiujlnw bijw `fsdljdsuuq Uftqm Hfsdi qf sdedd Hfsdij Fsdjqin

bdaejd qsdiqbdjq. ija HFB afeqfsu qsidn

qf addnfpjl eftjqsdu qf psfad fntjqisw

bdaein udsedu qf qmfud j jdda*cw Ndd Ktjl"dtj. Hgb Bgj"udfj. emtjl Ai"wftjl & pmfqflsipmu cw Hgb Kgj"mdd & ffpdsiqgfj

sfb Hwtjl Mdd Tjgdsugqw Fsgdjqin Mfupgqin. Hfsdi Gjuqgqtqd f` Fsgdjqin Bdaggjd. HfsdijFsgdjqin Bdaggjd Udsgd Qdib Icsfia. Kiudjl Mfupgqin f` Fsgdjqin Bdaggjd. Cidhat engjgf Fsgdjqin Bdaggjd. ija Mdf Ktj Bdtudtb

HfsdijFsgdjqinBdagegjdSdiemduFtq CdwfjaHfsdi_sgjegpnd f` wgj ija wijlcsgjlu agudiud tjads efjqsfn

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

5/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem1

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd -HFB' dlij qf iqqsieq |fsna|gadiqqdjqgfj |mdj Afjltg cflib |iu gjuesgda fj qmdBdbfsw f qmd \fsna Sdlguqds w TJDUEF gj 3??7* Qmgu |iu qmd

suq ffh f bdagegjd qf bihd gqu |iw fjqf qmd nguq* Qmd ffh gu

ij djewenfpdagi efbpgnda fds 94 wdisu w MDF Ktj. emgd sfwin

pmwugegij qf Hgjl Udfjkf f qmd Kfudfj Awjiuqw. isftja 90??*

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd gu i sdniqgdnw jd| qdsb* Gq sddsu qf

qmd bdagegjd jiqgd qf Hfsdi addnfpda fds i pdsgfa f jdisnw

q|f qmftuija wdisu iqds dgjl lsiqda |gqm qsiagqgfjin Emgjdud

bdagegjd* Gq mia ddj einnda qsiagqgfjin Hfsdij bdagegjd ugjed

97=0 tjqgn sdedjqnw* cdfsd qmiq. gq |iu ugbpnw sddssda qf iu

qsiagqgfjin Fsgdjqin bdagegjd*

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd sddsu qf i sijld f qsiagqgfjin

bdagein psieqgedu iuda fj Iugij pmgnfufpmw. |mgem gqudn |iu

Ij Ijegdjq Bdagein QsiagqgfjTjgytd qf HfsdiIsftja q|f qmftuija wdisu ilf. Hfsdij bdaejd |iu lsi`qda |qm qsiaqfjin Emjdud bdaejd ija

qmdsdi`qds addnfpda jadpdjadjqnw iu Hfsdij Fsdjqin bdaejd* Ndqu mid i csd` nffh iq

Hfsdij Fsdjqin bdaejd. qu |fsna|ad uqiqtu. ija qu qsdiqbdjq bdqmfau*

ftja gj jiqtsd* Qmdud isd emdbgeinnw bfuq ugbgn

qmd mtbij faw. |gqm qmd sdutnq qmiq qmdw emijld

efjagqgfj f qmd mtbij faw ija fnuqds gbbtjg

qmd agudiud. psddjqgjl ijw pfuuggngqw f ldsbu misb

qmd faw* Ufbd fsdgljdsu sdlisa mdsin bdagegjd ugbp

mdinqm utppndbdjqu. tq qmgu gu i bguefjedpqgfj isgugjl

pffs tjadsuqijagjl f Fsgdjqin bdagegjd*

Iu d}pnigjda uf is. Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd ija \du

bdagegjd qihd dsw agdsdjq ippsfiemdu |gqm sdlis

pmwugfnflw. agiljfugu. ija qsdiqbdjq* _sieqgqgfjdsu f Hf

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd ija \duqdsj bdagegjd umftna. qmdsd

uqsgd qf sdefjegnd qmd agdsdjq uwuqdbu qf ptsutd addnfpb

gj qijadb w ndisjgjl sfb ija djdqqgjl diem fqmds*

Mguqfsw f` Hfsdij fsgdjqin Bdagegjd

Emgjdud bdagegjd |iu gjqsfateda gj H

atsgjl qmd Qmsdd Hgjlafbu pdsgfa -4<

00='* Gq iuutbda gqu f|j tjgytd jiqts

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd ija miu u

addnfpda utuqijqginnw. qmsftlm qmd Lf

Awjiuqw -79="9573'. qmd Kfudfj Awjiuqw -9

979?'. ija tp qf qmd psdudjq aiw* Gq iaijed

ij dupdeginnw bishda d}qdjq atsgjl qmd Kf

pdsgfa* Utem bdagein efnndeqgfju iu Mwijl

Kgpudfjlijl-Efbpgniqgfj f Jiqgd Hfs

_sduesgpqgfju. 9155' ija Tgijl Wtem|g-Eniuu

Efnndeqgfj f Bdagein _sduesgpqgfju. 9114' |

efbpgnda iq qmd gjuqsteqgfj f Hgjl Udkfjl

Lsdiq. qmd ftsqm bfjisem f Kfudfj* Qmdud d

niga qmd ftjaiqgfj fs Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdag

qf iaijed iuda fj bfsd gjadpdjadjq. gj"adpqm. ija d}qdj

sdudisem* Niqds. atsgjl qmd sdglj f Hgjl Udfjkf -s* 940

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

6/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem0

gu uqgnn dsw uqsfjl qfaiw*

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd |iu gj gqu psgbd |mdj \duqdsj

bdagegjd |iu |mfnnw gjqsfateda gj qmd |ijgjl wdisu f qmd

Kfudfj Awjiuqw -9==4'* Gq gbbdagiqdnw dlij qf iad gsqtinnw

aguippdisgjl atsgjl qmd Kipijdud efnfjgin pdsgfa -979?"9714'*

Ddj gj qmd bguq f qmgu adengjd. mf|dds. Ndd Kd"bi -9=5="97??'

psfateda jfqind sdudisem jagjlu ija ptq fs|isa i jd| qmdfsw

f uiuijl efjuqgqtqgfjin bdagegjd. fs bdagegjd fj qmd iugu f qmd

fts qwpdu f efjuqgqtqgfju* Md adjda qmd fts efjuqgqtqgfju. fs

emdkgn. iuda fj pdfpndu pdsufjingqgdu. agudiudu qmdw isd psfjd

qf efjqsieq. qmd ffau qmdw nghd. ija puwemfnflgein qsigqu. ija md

bigjqigjda qmiq qsdiqbdjq umftna qihd gjqf ieeftjq qmd emdkgn f i

piqgdjq fs bi}gbtb djdq*

Iqds i jdis efbpndqd mgiqtu tjads Kipijdud efnfjgin stnd.

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd d}pdsgdjeda i sdjiguuijed fnnf|gjl

jiqgfjin ngdsiqgfj gj 9714* Gj qmd 97

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

7/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem=

bdagegjd updeggdu qmd qmdsipdtqge qsdiqbdjqu qf d sdjadsdaiuda fj qmd agiljfugu f qmd piqgdjqu efjagqgfj* Qmdud qsdiqbdjqu

gjentad ietptjeqtsd. etppgjl. bf}gtuqgfj. d}dsegud. ija agdqisw

qmdsipw iu |dnn iu qmd afeqfsu updege agsdeqgfju ija iaged qf qmd

piqgdjq iuda fj qmd emisieqdsguqgeu f qmd piqgdjq. gjentagjl mgu fs

mds efjuqgqtqgfj*

Gj ietptjeqtsd qmdsipw. qmd psduesgpqgfj updeggdu qmd

ietptjeqtsd pfgjqu qmiq efssdupfja qf qmd piqgdjqu updegge

ignbdjqu fs uwbpqfbu. fs ugqdu qf d qsdiqda utem iu ndlu. jldsu.

ija qfdu* Gq gu inuf tuda gj qmd uibd bijjds gj bf}gtuqgfj.

d}dsegud qmdsipw. agdqisw qmdsipw. ija fqmds iignind qmdsipgdu*

Ieefsagjl qf qmgu jissf| adgjgqgfj f qmd psduesgpqgfj. qmd

agiljfugu adqdsbgjdu |mgem bdagegjdu isd qf d iabgjguqdsda

qf qmd piqgdjq ija mf|* Gq djqignu psdpisgjl i sdbdaw w bg}gjl

i jtbds f bdagegjin utuqijedu gj psdegud afuildu ija

iabgjguqdsgjl qmdb qf qmd piqgdjq*

Bdagegjin qmdsipw ldjdsinnw gjfndu |miq isd einnda ufdsdglj.

bgjguqds. iuuguqijq. ija eftsgds bdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu* Ufdsdglj

gjlsdagdjqu ugljgw qmd psgbisw bdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu f qmd

psduesgpqgfj* Bgjguqds gjlsdagdjqu sdds qf bdagegjin utuqijedu

ija utppndbdjqu qmiq mdnp qmd iabgjguqsiqgfj f qmd psgbisw

bdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu. fnuqdsgjl qmdgs ddeqgdjduu* Iuuguqijq

gjlsdagdjqu jdtqsing{d ijw pfuugnd qf}gegqw f qmd ufdsdgljbdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu ija sdngdd qmdgs ugad ddequ* Eftsgds

gjlsdagdjqu mdnp qmd ieqgd gjlsdagdjqu |fsh fj qmd qisldq ugqdu

f qmd faw ija qdbpds qmd tjeqgfju f qmd gjlsdagdjq bg}qtsd*

Ktktd. ngefsged. ija lgjlds isd qmd qmsdd bfuq sdytdjqnw tuda

eftsgds bdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu*

iet_tjeqtsd

I jddand eij d tuda iu i bdagein qffn qf qsdiq agudiudu gj mtbiju

ija ijgbinu* Ietptjeqtsd gu qmd qsdiqbdjq f gnnjduu fs pigj w

uqgehgjl jddandu gjqf qmd faw* Ieefsagjl qf isgftu mguqfsgein

ieeftjqu. ietptjeqtsd fsglgjiqda gj qmd diuqdsj pisq f Emgji

iakiedjq qf qmd Hfsdij _djgjutni ija upsdia qmsftlmftq Diuq Iugi*

Gq gu dngdda qmiq jddandu |dsd suq tuda fs bdagein ptspfudu

gj qmd Uqfjd Ild* Qmd fnaduq ietptjeqtsd qffn gu i uqfjd jddand*

Gq |iu biad w ls gjagjl uqfjd fs kiad gjqf ij i|n fs |dald* Utem

i uqfjd jddand |iu tuda qf uqgbtniqd qmd uhgj. qf eitud nffa"

ndqqgjl w uminnf| psgehgjl. fs qf uytdd{d ptu ftq* Gj psgbgqgd

ufegdqgdu. pdfpnd biw mid utdsda sfb bfsd isgftu hgjau f

iemdu. pigju. ija |ftjau iu qmdw ngda gj mgnnw fs aish ija mtbga

isdiu* Qmgu lgdu tu entdu iu qf mf| i uqfjd jddand btuq mid

efbd gjqf tud*

Qmdsd isd jgjd ldjdsin qwpdu f eniuugein ietptjeqtsd jddandu

ieefsagjl qf ug{d. umipd. ija tud; qmd umdis jddand. sftja"pfgjqda

jddand. upffj jddand. nijed jddand. uqgndqqf jddand. sftja"umisp

jddand. ngfsb jddand. nfjl jddand. ija gl jddand* Jddandu isd

qwpgeinnw tuda qf psgeh qmd uhgj fs btuend. addpnw fs uminnf|*Ufbdqgbdu i hjgd"nghd jddand gu tuda qf etq qmd uhgj ija uytdd{d

ftq nffa fs ptu fs qf asi| uqiljijq |iqds ftq sfb i kfgjq* F

qmdud jgjd eniuugein jddandu. ngfsb jddandu isd tuda bfuq |gadnw

gj ietptjeqtsd* Qmdw isd 3"9< edjqgbdqdsu nfjl ija sdniqgdnw qmgj

iq ?*3"?*1 bgnngbdqdsu gj qmgehjduu* Fjed uqteh gjqf qmd uhgj. qmdw

eij d ndq fs i |mgnd pisqginnw dbdaada gj qmd uhgj |gqmftq

eitugjl gssgqiqgfj*

Ietptjeqtsd miu ddj tuda qf qsdiq inn hgjau f agudiudu gjentagjl

gjqdsjin. utslgein. lwjdefnflge. pdagiqsge. fqfsmgjfniswjlfnflge. ija

fpmqminbfnflge agudiudu w efjqsfnngjl qmd nf| f lg* Gq miu inuf

ddj tuda fs ijduqmdugi. agiljfugu. ija qmd qsdiqbdjq f ijgbinu* Gj

iaagqgfj. ietptjeqtsd gu tuda qf mdnp pdfpnd ytgq ubfhgjl ija ddj

gj pniuqge utsldsw* Ietptjeqtsd psfgadu ytgeh sdngd ija sdefdsw

sfb upsigju. gjaglduqgfj. emgnasdju efjtnugfju. ija ietqd agudiudu

utem iu qfjugnngqgu. efjktjeqggqgu. ija uwjefpd* @fs emsfjge agudiudu

utem iu jdtsinlgi. ija awupmiugi. uiqguieqfsw sdutnqu sdytgsd nfjl"

qdsb qsdiqbdjq*

Bf}gCtuqgfj

Bf}gtuqgfj qsdiqu agudiudu w mdiq uqgbtniqgfj* I astl biqdsgin

gu tsjda fj i edsqigj upfq f qmd uhgj. fs utem upfq gu d}pfuda qf

qmd mfq ubfhd sfb qmd tsjgjl biqdsgin* Qmd bfuq fqdj t

biqdsgin gu asgda btl|fsq* ciugeinnw. bf}gtuqgfj sigudu qmd

qdbpdsiqtsd. uf gq eij d tuda fs inn agudiudu |gqm i efna jiqts

\mgnd ietptjeqtsd qdbpfsisgnw bihdu wft nfud lgtj -djds

bf}gtuqgfj sigudu wfts lgtj. bihgjl gq ddeqgd fs qsdiqbdj

djdsiqgfj atd qf i nieh f kdfjllg -gqingqw' ija emsfjge agud

qmiq efjutbd wfts djdslw*

Qmdsd isd q|f qwpdu f bf}gtuqgfj; agsdeq ija gjagsdeq* Gj

agsdeq bdqmfa. asgda btl|fsq gu tsjda agsdeqnw fj qmd uhgj

qmd upfq duqdsu. |mgem gj qtsj gbpsfdu wfts efjuqgqtqgfj

gbbtjgqw* Gj qmd gjagsdeq bdqmfa. qmd uhgj afdu jfq mid agefjqieq |gqm qmd tsjgjl btl|fsq. tq gu fjnw d}pfuda qf qmd

dbgqqda sfb gq*

et__gjl

Efbpisda |gqm ietptjeqtsd. etppgjl gu siqmds ugbpnd*

pnied i uteqgfj etp fj i lwdfjlmwdfn -ietptjeqtsd pfgjq' f

uhgj |gqm gqu bftqm af|j ija iettb qmd etp tugjl mdiq

efbpsduugfj ptbp uf qmiq qmd etp |gnn qglmqnw iamdsd qf qmd

Qmd upfq uffj defbdu efjlduqda |gqm nffa* Qmgu psfeduu

d tuda qf emijld qmd nffa efbpfugqgfj fs qf sdbfd ia

sfb egsetniqgfj* Qmd psfeduu inuf ieqgiqdu liu d}emijldu gj

faw. |mgem gj qtsj iegngqiqdu bdqifngub ija uqgbtniqdu

itqfjfbftu jdsftu uwuqdb* Iu i sdutnq. aglduqgfj. addeiqgfj.

unddp isd gbpsfda*

Etppgjl gu iugeinnw dgqmds |dq fs asw* Gj |dq etppgjl.

uteqgfj etp gu nislds qmij qmd nffa"d}qsieqgfj isdi* Eit

umftna d d}dseguda qf jfq d}qsieq bfsd qmij 9? ee f nffa

uduugfj* Asw etppgjl afdu jfq gjfnd nffa"ndqqgjl. tq

ippngdu uteqgfj fj qmd uhgj* Qmgu gu tuda fs piqgdjqu |mf isd d

fs |mdj qmd ptspfud f qsdiqbdjq eij d iemgdda w fj

emijld gj nffa efbpfugqgfj*

Ugjed gq gu diugds qf pnied i etp fds i nislds isdi qmiq efj

i lwdfjlmwdfn qmij qf uqgeh i jddand gjqf utem i pfgjq d}ie

etppgjl miu nfjl ddj i efbbfj fnh qmdsipw* Bijw ibgngd

Uftqm Hfsdi psieqged etppgjl w qmdbudndu ddj qfaiw qf

nglmq pigju utem iu i uqg umftnads*

eMtji Bijtin qMdsi_w

Emtji gu i qmdsipw qmiq psddjqu ija etsdu agudiud w qip

fs biuuilgjl lwdfjlmwdfn ija lwdfjljih -bdsgagiju8 piqm|

f lg' fj qmd utsied f qmd faw |gqm qmd pf|ds ippngda w

jldsqgpu ija pinbu* Gq mdnpu qf uqsghd i inijed f lg"mwdfn -dj

fs qmd fsliju'. iegngqiqd qmd jiqtsin f| f lg qmsftlm lwdfjl

ija gbpsfd bdqifngub ija qmd fawu sduguqijed qf ld

Emtji miu inuf gj sdedjq wdisu efbd gjqf |gad tud qf sdeqgw u

ija kfgjq psfndbu fs qf gbpsfd nffa egsetniqgfj*

ciugeinnw. bf}gtuqgfj sigudu qmd faw qdbpdsiqtsd. uf gq eij d tuda`fs inn agudiudu |gqm efna jiqtsd*

Ktktd. ngefsged. ija lgjlds isd qmd qmsdd bfuq `sdytdjqnw tuda eftsgds bdagegjin gjlsdagdjqu*

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

8/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem9?

Hfsdij FsgdjqinBdagegjd

Efjjdeqgjl |gqmqmd \fsna

Udeqgfj 5

_sfduufs Emfg adenisdu qmiq qmd |iw lg |fshugj wfts faw gu sdniqda qf wfts mdinqm; wft eijdefbd mdinqmgds. efjqsieq i agudiud. fs sdefds sfb

i agudiud* Md uqsduudu qmiq qmgu efjedsju jfq fjnw wfts

faw tq inuf wfts bgja. uf ptqqgjl fqm qmd faw

ija bgja sglmq gu dsw gbpfsqijq*

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd sddsu psgbisgnw qf ietptjeqtsd

ija Fsgdjqin bdagegjdu qmiq fsglgjiqda gj Emgji.

tq gq addnfpda agdsdjqnw gj Hfsdi. Emgji. ija

Kipij* Hfsdiu Fsgdjqin bdagegjd. fs Hfsdij Fsgdjqin

bdagegjd. afdu jfq fjnw fetu fj qmd agudiud

gqudn8 gq addpnw efjugadsu qmd efjuqgqtqgfj f qmd

piqgdjq* Tjnghd qsiagqgfjin Emgjdud bdagegjd. |mgem

dbpmiug{du qsiagqgfj. Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd

tpmfnau qmd gbpfsqijed f psieqgeingqw* @tsqmdsbfsd.

qmd fsglgjingqw f Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd

uqijau ftq* Uiuijl efjuqgqtqgfjin bdagegjd. Uiib

ietptjeqtsd qmdfsw. ija fqmds qsdiqbdjq uwuqdbu

utgqind fs qmd Hfsdiju mid ddj addnfpda*

Qsiagqgfjin Emgjdud bdagegjd utdsda fs ufbd

qgbd iqds qmd ftjagjl f qmd Sdptnge f Emgji

gj 9793 iu qmd lfdsjbdjq psddssda \duqdsj

bdagegjd. tq ugjed qmd ftjagjl f qmd _dfpndu

Sdptnge f Emgji gj 9717. qsiagqgfjin Emgjdud

bdagegjd miu addnfpda gj qijadb |gqm \duqdsj

bdagegjd* Gj Kipij. qmd lfdsjbdjq ptsutda

\duqdsjg{iqgfj ifngumgjl qsiagqgfjin Fsgdjqin

bdagegjd fnnf|gjl qmd Bdgkg Sduqfsiqgfj gj 9=0=.

tq qsiagqgfjin Kipijdud bdagegjd gu ffbgjl iligj*

Jiqgfjin mdinqm gjutsijed efdsu 91= psduesgpqgfju

f Fsgdjqin bdagegjd qfaiw*

HfB lfdu lnfCin qMsftlM

gjqdsjiqgfjin uqijaisag{iqgfj

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd fsglgjiqda gj Emgji. tq gq gu

Hfsdi qmiq miu uwuqdbg{da gq qmsftlm g jadpdjad

sdudisem. uiwu _sfduufs Emfg* Hfsdi gu pniwgjl

qmd ndiagjl sfnd gj qmd g jqdsjiqgfjin dfsqu qf

uqijaisag{d Fsgdjqin bdagegjd*

Md efjqgjtdu. Ietptjeqtsd. bf}gtuqgfj.

Fsgdjqin sdbdagdu. ija fqmds qsdiqbdjqu f

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd mid nfjl ddj hjf|j qf d

ddeqgd qf lfdsj qmd faw. tq i nieh f uegdjqg

utuqijqgiqgfj miu mgjadsda gqu lnfing{iqgfj*

_sfduufs Emfg uiwu qmiq Uftqm Hfsdi. Emgji. i

Kipij mid ddj ndiagjl qmd gjgqgiqgd qf duqingum

uegdjqge dgadjed ija d}pnijiqgfju f Fsgdjqin

bdagegjd ija qf uwuqdbg{d gq*

_fptniqgfj ilgjl miu defbd i udsgftu

psfndb isftja qmd |fsna. ija adupgqd qmd uqdnni

addnfpbdjq f \duqdsj bdagegjd. emsfjge agud

ija adldjdsiqgd agudiud isd uqgnn sibpijq. jfqd

_sfduufs Emfg* Md iaau. Gj qmiq dgj. Hfsdij

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd gu ddeqgd ija miu d|ds ugad

ddequ. ija gq gu qmd bdagegjd f qmd tqtsd*

Bdagegjd qmiq fetudu fj qmd mtbij faw.

jfq agudiud. ija bdagegjd qmiq efjugadsu qmd

efjuqgqtqgfj f diem gjaggatinqmiq gu Hfsdij

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd. ija qmiq umftna d qmd bdage

f ija fs qmd |fsna* Qf qmgu dja. qmd Uftqm Hfsd

lfdsjbdjq ija qmfud djlilda gj Hfsdij Fsgdj

bdagegjd isd afgjl qmdgs tqbfuq. uiwu _sfduufs

Emfg gj efjentugfj*

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd. etuqfbg{da ija `fs|isa"nffhgjl

Emfg Af"wftjl-Adptqw Agsdqfs f` Hwtjl Mdd Tjgdsugqw Fsgdjqin Mfupgqin'

Adptqw Asdeqfs Emf Af"wftjl dbpmiu{du qmiq Hfsdij Fsdjqin bdaejd u

`tnn f` |uafb ieetbtniqda fds mtjasdau fs ddj qmftuijau f` wdisu*

gq u jfq ubpnw inqdsjiqd bdaejd. ctq bfadsj. etuqfb{da bdaejd*

gjqdspgd\

lffa addau `sfB HfB afeqfsu

Fdsudiu fntjqdds |fsh w Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd psieqgqgfjdsu

gu nda w qmd Hfsdij Fsgdjqin Bdagegjd Udsged Qdib Isfia

-HFBUQI'* HFBUQI |iu efjedgda gj 9775 |mdj i lsftp f

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd afeqfsu dlij qf psfgad bdagein udsged

gj Jdpin iu fntjqddsu* Qmd lsftp eissgda ftq fntjqdds |fsh ddsw

wdis. ija gj 977= HFBUQI |iu feginnw ftjada ija sdlguqdsda iu i

jfjpsfq fslijg{iqgfj |gqm qmd Bgjguqsw f Mdinqm ija \dnisd*

HFBUQI afeqfsu udsd gj addnfpgjl eftjqsgdu inn fds qmd

|fsna qf psfgad bdagein udsgedu qf qmfud |mf isd bfuq gj jdda

f bdagein mdnp* Uf is. qmd fslijg{iqgfj miu udjq Hfsdij Fsgdjqin

bdagegjd fntjqdds lsftpu qf 3< eftjqsgdu gj Isgei. Iugi. ija

Dtsfpd. ija qmdw mid qsdiqda fds 95?.??? piqgdjqu*

Iq psdudjq. dglmq Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd afeqfsu isd uqiqgfjda

iu nfjl"qdsb sdugadjqu gj Hi{ihmuqij. T{dhguqij. Bfjlfngi. ija

Pgdqjib* Ubinnds lsftpuisd udjq isfia gd qf

qdj qgbdu ijjtinnw qf

psfgad bdagein udsgedu

ija agudiud"psddjqgfj

qsigjgjl*

HFBUQI bdbdsu

jfq fjnw qsdiq piqgdjqu

tq i n uf q s i gj nfein

afeqfsu uf qmiq qmdw

eij efjqgjtd qf qsdiq

qmdgs piqgdjqu fjed qmd

Hfsdij afeqfsu ndid qmd

eftjqsw* I lffa d}ibpnd f qmgu dfsq gu qmd Usg Nijhi

Ietptjeqtsd Bdagein Udsged Qdib -UIBUQ' fslijg{da

w Usg Nijhij qsiagqgfjin bdagegjd afeqfsu* As* Mij

Lwt"dfj. |mf nda qmd psfkdeq. pida qmd |iw fs Usg

Nijhij afeqfsu qf qsdiq qmdgs piqgdjqu |gqm Hfsdij

Fsgdjqin bdagegjd* Ugjed 3???. HFBUQI miu ddj

psfbfqgjl Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd w qsdiqgjl fds

3?.??? nfeinu ija psfgagjl bdagein utppngdu qf UIBUQ

afeqfsu*

i jd| iqqsieqgfj `fs Hfsdij qftsguB

Bfsd ija bfsd fsdglj qftsguqu isd gugqgjl Uftqm Hfsdi ddsw wdis

fs qmd ufnd ptspfud f sdedggjl qsdiqbdjqu f Hfsdij Fsgdjqin

bdagegjd* Niuq wdis infjd. fds i 9??.??? gugqfsu sfb Kipij. Mfjl

Hfjl. ija Qmignija eibd qf Uftqm Hfsdi fs qsdiqbdjq. ija qmgu

wdis. qmd jtbds gu fsdeiuq qf d}edda 94?.???*

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd miu ligjda |fsna|gad sdefljgqgfj

ija ieenibiqgfj dds ugjed qmd qdndgugfj asibiAid Kijl Ldtb

-Kd|dn gj qmd _inied' igsda gj 3??5 ija deibd i gl mgq |gqm

gd|dsu gj fds 34 eftjqsgdu* Qmd pfptnis asibi gu iuda fj qmd

qstd uqfsw f i niaw |mfud jibd gu dngdda qf mid ddj UDF

Kijl"ldtb. qmd gsuq dbind emgd sfwin pmwugegij f qmd Kfudfj

Awjiuqw* Qmd asibi eipqgiqda fsdglj gd|dsu iu qmd mdsfgjd

ufnda bdagein bwuqdsgdu ija mdinda piqgdjqu qmsftlm qmd pf|dsu

f Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd iu |dnn iu mds |guafb. psflsduugd

upgsgq. ija pdsuddsijed* Isadjq ijuuffj dlij efbgjl qf Uftqm Hfsdi gj

asfdu ija hjfehda fj qmd affsu f

Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd engjgeu ija

mfupgqinu fs agiljfugu ija qsdiqbdjq*

Qmd Uftqm Hfsdij lfdsjbdjq gu

fetugjl fj Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd

iu qmd jd}q qftsgub qmdbd ija uddhu qf

iqqsieq 4??.??? fsdgljdsu i wdis w 3?95*

Mfupgqinu isd uddgjl piqgdjqu sfb Kipij

ija Emgji ija inuf sfb Stuugi ija qmd

Bgaand Diuq* Hfsdij Fsgdjqin bdagegjd

engjgeu updeging{gjl gj adsbiqfnflw ija

iduqmdqgeu isd dsw pfptnis

ibfjl dbind gugqfsu. tq

engjgeu ija mfupgqinu isd

udisemgjl fs jd| |iwu

qf psfgad bfsd d}qdjugd

udsgedu fs nfjl"qdsb

gugqfsu w d}pijagjl

qsdiqbdjq fs agdq. upgjd.

ija kfgjq sdniqda gnnjduudu*

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

9/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem93

pdj & cstum

_igjqds Ndd Afjlg esdiqda Iqfbitu cw efbcgjgjlq|f ibftu emisieqdsu; Iqfb. ij fna Kipijdudefbge emisieqds inuf hjf|j iu Iuqsf Cfw. ija

Bgehdw Bftud. \inq Agujdwu bfuq gefjge esdiqgfj*

Qmgu jd| emisieqds miu qmd migsuqwnd f Iqfb ija

qmd ied f Bgehdw Bftud. mdjed qmd jibd Iqfbitu*

Nffhgjl emtbbw ija etaanw. Iqfbitu ngdu

qmsftlm ftqds upied. diqu jffandu. ija ugjlu gj i sfeh

cija* Mf|dds. md feeiugfjinnw ubfhdu eglisu ija

iqqdbpqu utgegad* Iqfbitu gu qmd ieqgd psfqilfjguq gj

qmd |fsna f Nddu |fshu* Qmd emisieqds gu Nddu inqds

dlf* Gj ieq. qmdw ddj sdudbcnd diem fqmds*

Iqfbitu iu G efjedgd gq miu jf g}da gadjqgqw*

Gqu pdsufjingqw efjuqijqnw emijldu* Iqfbitu gu dsw

btem nghd ijw ieqfs fs ieqsduu |mf pniwu agdsdjqsfndu gj agdsdjq |fshu*

Iu i hga. Ndd lsd| tp |gqm Kipiju Iqfb ija

Ibdsgeiu Bgehdw Bftud* Qmdgs eisqffju mia i

jdisnw tcgytgqftu psdudjed gj qmd cfwu ngd* Iu i

efnndld uqtadjq bikfsgjl gj pigjqgjl. Ndd pdsuguqdjqnw

qsgda qf gjqsfated eisqffjguqge gbildu gjqf isq. ija

qmgu djadifs jinnw cfsd stgq |gqm qmd esdiqgfj f

Iqfbitu gj 9775* Mf|dds. |mdj qmd jd| emisieqds

|iu tjdgnda qf qmd ptcnge gj ij d}mgcgqgfj qmd

fnnf|gjl wdis. qmd sdupfjud |iu jfq d}ieqnw dsdjq*

Mgu itagdjed |iu pmndlbiqge qf|isa mgu csigjemgna*

Gj qmiq aiw. bw |fsh |iu d}qsdbdnw d}pdsgbdjqin*

Gq |iu ij tjibgngis. uqtpdjaftu qmgjl qf itagdjedu

ija esgqgeu inghd cdeitud |miq G d}mgcgqda gj ij

isq linndsw nffhda nghd eisqffju. |mgem |dsd ciehqmdj efjugadsda qf cd psfatequ f biuu etnqtsd ija

utcetnqtsd. uiwu qmgu iadjqtsftu isqguq. iaagjl. Gq

|iu qicff qf adin |gqm eisqffj gbildu gj jd isq.

ctq G |ijqda qf ubium qmd qicff ija uqsgad gjqf i

jd| ldjsd*

Ndd Afjlg |iu uqsfjlnw gj`tdjeda cw Ibdsgeij

NDD Afjlgi _gjqds fj qmd Pjltsa f` Hfsdj isq

_igjqds Ndd Afjlg pgfjddsda qmd ldjsd f` pfp isq gj Hfsdi |gqm qmd emisieqds Iqfbitu* Ndqu d}pnfsd qmd qstnw

fsglgjin |fshu f` Ndd* cw Hgb Bgj"udfj & pmfqflsipmu cw Ndd Bgj"mdd

pfuq"bfadsjgub f qmd 97=?u* Md |iu iuegjiqda

dupdeginnw cw qmd |fshu f Egjaw Umdsbij. ij

Ibdsgeij pmfqflsipmds ija gnbbihds* Gj qmd

psfeduu. md jiqtsinnw ligjda i addp tjadsuqijagjl

f Ijaw \ismfn. i psfbgjdjq pfp isqguq* Ndd

|ijqda qf qdis af|j qmd cftjaisgdu cdq|ddj qmd

jd isqu ija qmd pfptnis isqu iu \ismfn mia afjd*

Eisqffju ija efbgeu |dsd aitcda |gqm gbildu

qmiq sdpsdudjq biuu etnqtsd ija utcetnqtsd. |mgnd

icuqsieq isq mia qmd nicdnu f gjd isq ija mglm

etnqtsd. ctq Ndd uftlmq cinijed cdq|ddj ija ef"

d}guqdjed f efjqsiuqgjl qmgjluicuqsieqgfjgub

ija sdpsdudjqiqgfjingub. upgsgq ija biqqds. ija

biuu ija mglm etnqtsd*

Tjqgn qmd 97=?u. Hfsdij efjqdbpfsisw isq |iu eniuuggda iu icuqsieq isq ija |miq gu einnda

bgjktjl isq. fs qmd pdfpndu isq. |mgem einnda fs

adbfesiqg{iqgfj ija jiqgfjin sdtjgeiqgfj* Disnw gj

qmd 977?u. jd| isqguqu |mf cdnfjlda qf jdgqmds f

qmd q|f eibpu cdlij qf ippdis. ija Nddu pfp isq

biad i cgl upnium gj qmd Uftqm Hfsdij isq |fsna*

Esdiqgfj f` iqfbitu iu

ij inqds dlf

Iqfbitu Diqgjl Jffandu gu fjd f qmd bfuq |dnn

hjf|j gbildu f qmd Iqfbitu udsgdu* Ugjed gq

biad gqu suq ippdisijed gj 3??3. icftq 3? pgdedu

mid efbd ftq* Qmd |iw Iqfbitu diqu nfjl. etsw

jffandu nffhu ugbpnd ija glfsftu* Ndd uiwu md

|ijqda qf umf| i lngbpud f Fsgdjqin etnqtsd|mdsd emfpuqgehu isd tuda* Md gjau gq gjqsgltgjl

qmiq i bdsd pigs f emfpuqgehu eij cd tuda iu

sddnw iu g qmdw |dsd pisq f qmd cfaw* Qmd sdaagum

ciehlsftjajfq inn ciehlsftjau isd sda. qmftlm

uqsghdu i uqish efjqsiuq |gqm qmd wdnnf| jffandu

ija dfhdu ij Fsgdjqin bffa* Gj Iugi. jffandu isd

Iqfbitu Diqgjl Jffandu gu fjd f` qmd bfuq |dnn hjf|j gbildu f` qmd Iqfbitu u

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

10/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem91

uwbcfnge f nfjldgqw. uf qmdw isd enfudnw iuufegiqda

|gqm qmd ieq f bihgjl |gumdu* Bfsd |fshu f qmd

Iqfbitu Diqgjl Jffandu udsgdu |gnn efbd ftq* Ndd

tjadsqffh qmd etssdjq pgded gj 3??=. fds qmsdd

wdisu ilf. ija gu uqgnn |fshgjl fj gq. |mgem umf|u

mf| btem nfd ija djdslw md miu pftsda gjqf gq*

Gj qmd @nf|ds Lisadj udsgdu. Iqfbitu nffhu ftq

fds i nijaueipd cdupdehnda |gqm nf|dsu* Qmguudqqgjl gu cfssf|da sfb ij Fsgdjqin pigjqgjl einnda

Lfui L|ijutaf;I Udfjcg Fdsnffhgjl \iqdscw

Hijl Mtg"ij. i Hfsdij pigjqds f qmd 94 qm edjqtsw.

gj |mgem iudfjcg-uemfnis'ufbd uiw md gu i Qifguq

mdsbgqgu nwgjl fj mgu uqfbiem fj mglm sfehu

fdsnffhgjl qmd |iqds cdnf|* Nghd|gud. Iqfbitu

inuf efjqdbpniqdu jiqtsd iu i Qifguq mdsbgq |ftna*

Qmd bfqg f nf|dsu gu qihdj sfb Ijaw \ismfnu

@nf|dsudsgdu*

Qmftlm md gu sdefljg{da iu i pfp isqguq. Ndd gu

|isw f ngbgqgjl mgu djadifsu qf qmd sdinb f pfp

isq* Md in|iwu qsijuedjau cissgdsu ibfjl agdsdjq

ldjsdu ija ptsutdu |fshu qmiq uqsiaand agdsud

ldjsdu* Md miu jdds ediuda qf esdiqd |fshu f

agdsdjq uqwndu. cfqm cdfsd ija iqds md esdiqda qmdemisieqds. Iqfbitu*

Md efpgdu i cijh emdeh gj adqign |gqm mgu f|j

mija -Emdeh 3??3' ija esdiqdu pigjqgjlu ciuda

fj pmfqf gbildu. umf|gjl qsdbdjaftu gjqdsduq gj

pmfqfsdingub* Md sdgda. fj qmd eijiu. pmfqf

gbildu f utem edndcsgqgdu iu Kf Wfjl"pgn. fjd f

Uftqm Hfsdiu cduq pfp ugjldsu - Kf Wfjl"pgn97=='*

Md lid pmfqf gbildu f @sij{ Hihi. Uglbtja

@sdta. ija Biafjji jd| ngd |gqm qmd qftem f mgu

cstum*

Ij d}ibgjiqgfj f mgu ngd iu ij isqguq sddinu qmiq

Ndd ptsutdu icuqsieqgfjgub ija ddj utssdingub

ija iq qmd uibd qgbd gu dilds qf umf| i isgdqw

f gbildu qmiq isq biw d}psduu* Sdlisanduu f qmdldjsd. qmdsd gu i efbbfj qmsdia qmiq stju qmsftlm

inn f mgu |fshu. ija qmiq gu jfj"utckdeqggqw* Qmd

qgqnd f mgu biuqdsu qmdugu utcbgqqda qf Mfjlgh

Tjgdsugqw tjdytgfeinnw efbbtjgeiqdu mgu gjqdsduq

gj jfj"utckdeqggqw; Sdudisem fj @fsbiqgfj ija

Efbbtjgeiqgfj f Jfj"utckdeqgd _igjqgjlu*

Iu sdlisada gj efjqdbpfsisw isq. qmd gjjds ija

ftqds |fsnau f ij isqguq d}guq udpisiqdnw* Qfaiw.

|mdj qmd isqguq adndu addp gjugad mgbudn fs mdsudn.

qmd |fsh cdefbdu d}qsdbdnw utckdeqgd. d}pnigju

Ndd. iaagjl. \miq G uddh qf af qmsftlm bw |fshu

gu jfq nfehda gj bw gjjds |fsna fs bw utckdeqgd

pdsupdeqgdu* G uddh qf efbbtjgeiqd |gqm qmd ftqds

|fsna. uf G einn |miq G ptsutd jfj"utckdeqggqw iu

fppfuda qf fckdeqggqw*@sfb qmgu gd|pfgjq. qmd emisieqds Iqfbitu miu

i qgjld f i jfj"utckdeqgd jiqtsd* Qmd ijgbiqda

eisqffju Ndd |iqemda fj QP iu i hga cdeibd qmd

biqdsgin sfb |mgem Iqfbitu eibd qf ngd* Qmd

d}pdsgdjed f |iqemgjl ijgbiqgfju diqtsgjl Iqfb

ija Bgehdw Bftud |iu jfq tjgytd qf Ndd Afjlg8 gq

|iu umisda cw fqmds cfwu ija lgsnu f mgu ldjdsiqgfj*

_tq agdsdjqnw. qmd d}pdsgdjed biw cd uddj iu jfj"

utckdeqgd*

_fp isq afdu jfq gjqdsduq bd qfaiw* \mdj G

|fsh. G ib jfq efjuegftu f i ldjsd qmiq miu insdiaw

cdefbd ij djqsdjemda fsb* G ugbpnw af ufbdqmgjl

jd| qmiq G |ijq qf af. uiwu qmd isqguq. cntjqnw

iaagjl. Uf. gqu bdijgjlnduu qf eiqdlfsg{d |miq G

af gjqf i edsqigj ldjsd*

Gj sdedjq wdisu. md miu ptq fsqm |fshu

qmiq efbcgjd icuqsieq gbildu |gqmIqfbitu* I eiud gj pfgjq gu \gja _f|ds

Ldjdsiqfsu. tjdgnda gj 3??=* Qmd

cgl eijiu f qmgu pigjqgjl gu aggada

gj q|f mfsg{fjqin udeqgfju*

Gj qmd nf|ds min. Iqfbitu gu

`wgjl iu g gj i eisqffj. ctq gj

qmd tppds min. qmgeh qd}qtsdu f

pigjq d}psduu i ijqiuqge. gssdltnis

|fsna f icuqsieqgfjgub*

Csdihgjl Cissgdsu |gqmftq ndqtp

Fjd bikfs qsdja isftja qmd |fsna qfaiw gu

efnnicfsiqgfj cdq|ddj. d*l*. isqguqu ija psfateq

csijau* Ndd Afjlg inuf djkfwu efnnicfsiqgjl

|gqm pdfpnd sfb fqmds gdnau* Mf| cdgqqgjlefnnicfsiqgfj btuq cd qf ij isqguq |mf pgfjddsu i

jd| ldjsd ija ptumdu fs|isa ija bgjlndu qmd

cftjaisgdu f agdsdjq ldjsdu) Md |iu gjfnda

gj qdj efnnicfsiqgfj psfkdequ gj 3?99 infjd. |mgem

bdiju mgu |fshu isd udjutftu ija ippdingjl qf

qmd ptcnge* Ufbd gd| qmgu jdliqgdnw. esgqgeg{gjl

mgu |fshu iu cdgjl qigjqda cw efbbdsegingub* Qmgu

iuuduubdjq biw aibild mgu gbild iu ij isqguq. ctq

md afdu jfq eisd*

G ib jf| iu gjqdjq fj csdihgjl cftjaisgdu iu G

|iu qf tugjl eisqffj gbildu gj bw pigjqgjl |mdj G

biad bw suq uqdp iu i psfduugfjin isqguq. psfduudu

qmd isqguq* Md efjqgjtdu. G mfpd bw cftjaiswcsdihgjl |gnn mdnp iqqsieq bijw bfsd pdfpnd sfb

isgda |inhu f ngd qf isq. |mgem gu jf| cdgjl

djkfwda cw qff d| pdfpnd*

Qf Ndd Afjlg. ijwqmgjl md djeftjqdsu gj mgu ngd

biw cdefbd qmd utckdeq f mgu |fshpmgnfufpmgein

fs ufegin agueftsud. pfngqgein fs ufegin guutdu. fs

|miqdds gq cd* Md afdu jfq asi| ngjdu cdq|ddj

ldjsdu ija efjedgdu i sijld f |fshu gj mgu bgja*

Ibfjl fqmds qmgjlu. md |gnn efjqgjtd qf lgd

Iqfbitu jd| ippdisijedu* Md pniju qf addnfp

mgu @nf|ds Lisadjudsgdu ddj tsqmds* Md |gnn

efbd tp |gqm ij Iqfbitu qmiq lsiatiqda sfb gqu

eisqffjguqge gbild* Md mgjqu iq mgu adugsd qf ptq qmd

enfqmgjl f sdingub fj Iqfbitu. |mgem miu lgdj

ddngjlu f ijqiuw*Nghd Iqfbitu. |mgem ippdisu agdsdjqnw sfb

fjd |fsh qf ijfqmds. gqu esdiqfs. Ndd Afjlg. |gnn inuf

bihd dfsqu ija iqqdbpqu gj agdsdjq |iwu. sdtugjl

qf sdbigj fs qf asi| ngjdu cdq|ddj agdsdjq isdiu*

Md |gnn mid ij d}mgcgqgfj iq ij isq igs gj Udftn gj

Ipsgn*

9 Ctccndu. ieswnge fj eijiu.3??73 Nghd qmd dds emijlgjl

Iqfbitu gj mgu |fshu. NddAfjlg mfpdu qf d}psduu mgbudn`qmsftlm inn ldjsdu f` isq*5 Ndd Afjlgu uqtagf gj

_wdfjlemijlafjl Kfjljf"lt*

9

5

_DF_ND

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

11/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem90

_DF_ND

I Biduqsf gj Hfsdij Qsiagqgfjin Btuge

M|ijl Cwtjl"hgQmd liwildtb gu i sdpsdudjqiqgd uqsgjl gjuqstbdjq f` Hfsdij qsiagqgfjin btuge*

M|ijl Cwtjl"hg miu pniwda qmd liwildtb ddsw aiw `fs icftq qmd niuq 09 wdisu* Qmgu gu

mgu uqfsw f` btuge ija qmd liwildtb. mgu inqds dlf* Cw Ndd Kdfjl"dtj & pmfqflsipmu cw Ndd Bgj"mdd

Ug}qw"fjd) Qmiq gu mf| bijw wdisu M|ijlCwtjl"hg. qmd gjfbpisicnd biduqsf f Hfsdijqsiagqgfjin btug. miu cddj |fshgjl qfldqmds

|gqm qmd liwildtb. i qsiagqgfjin Hfsdij uqsgjl

gjuqstbdjq* Md miu pniwda gq ddsw ugjlnd aiw fs qmdniuq 09 wdisu. fs jf aiw |ftna cd tj ija d}gqgjl

fs mgb |gqmftq gq* Md gu bfsd qmij i pniwds8 md gu

i fbpfuds* Md miu cddj fbpfugjl btug fs qmd

liwildtb fs min i djqtsw*

Md ngdu gj ij fna. q|f"uqfsw mftud* \mdj fts

sdpfsqds ija mds sd| |djq tpuqigsu. qmd |ffadj

uqigsiudu sdihda gj i |iw qmiq uftjau nghd qmd

q|ijlu f qmd liwildtb* Qmd mftud jfq fjnw uftjau

nghd qmd liwildtb. ctq ddj miu i udjq f gq* Qmd

udjq f _itnf|jgi fsdiji gu ddsw|mdsd* Gj upgsgq

iq qmd dsw ndiuq. qmd mftud gqudn uddbu qf mid

cdfbd i dsgqicnd liwildtb iqds cdgjl uqddpda gj

M|ijlu pdsfsbijdu fs inn qmfud bijw wdisu*

Qmd liwildtb. inuf innda qmd liwiqlf. gu

i sdpsdudjqiqgd uqsgjl gjuqstbdjq gj Hfsdijqsiagqgfjin btug* Iu gqu jibd utllduqu. qmd

gjuqstbdjq aiqdu cih qf qmd Liwi efjdadsiw

fj qmd uftqm f qmd Hfsdij _djgjutni. gj qmd 0qm

djqtsw* Gqu uftjacfisa gu biad f _itnf|jgi

fsdiji. ija gqu 93 uqsgjlu isd f q|guqda ugnh*

Qmd uftjacfisa gu pdsmipu qmd bfuq sgqgin

pisq f i liwildtb* Gq btuq cd biad f _itnf|jgi

fsdiji sfb Hfsdi g gq gu qf psfatd ktuq qmd sglmq

uftja* Qmdsd isd ugbgnis gjuqstbdjqu sfb emgji

ija Kipij* Qmd hfqf f Kipij gu biad f _itnf|jgi

qfbdjqfui. |mgnd qmd lt{mdjl f emgji gu f_itnf|jgi |ffa sfb emgji* Qmdud |ffau isd inn

ugbgnis. ctq uftja agdsdjq cditud f qmd agdsdjq

ufgnu ija fjagqgfju qmdw lsf| gj*

Uftja Uf Cditqg`tn iU qf Cd

gjqf}geiqgjl

G djftjqdsda qmd liwildtb gj 9749 |mdj G |iu

94 wdisu fna* Fjd wdis cdfsd. qmd Hfsdij \is mia

csfhdj ftq ija |d mia nda Udftn* G |iu uqtawgjl

iq i qdbpfsisw umffn gj qdjqu gj Ctuij. uqisqu qmd

biduqsf. csgjlgjl cih bdbfsgdu f fna aiwu*

Nfuq gj sdbgjgudjd. md fjqgjtdu. Ija fjd aiw

G bdq qmgu fna bij* Md |iu pniwgjl qmd liwildtb iq

i Hfsdij qsiagqgfjin aijd gjuqgqtqd jdis qmd umffn*

G |iu qfqinnw iugjiqda qmd bfbdjq G mdisa gq ijabiad tp bw bgja qf biuqds gq. fbd |miq biw*

Iqds i pitud. md sdinnu qmd `suq qgbd md mdisa qmd

gjuqstbdjq. uiwgjl. Qmd qfjd f qmd liwildtb

pdjdqsiqda addpnw gjqf bw mdisq. ija bw bgja

cdibd adngsgftu |gqm adnglmq* Gq |iu iu g G mia bdq

qmd nfd f bw ngd*

Liwildtb miu cddj |gqm mgbnghd i nfds `fs 09 wdisu* Qmdsdisd fds 3? liwildtbu iq mgu

psieqged sffb. ufbd f` qmdbfds 9?? wdisu fna*

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

12/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem9=

Iqds qmd |is ibd qf ij dja |gqm qmd diud"`sd

ilsddbdjq. md sdqtsjda qf Udftn ija sdutbda mgu

ndisjgjl f qmd liwildtb iq qmd Jiqgfjin edjqds fs

Hfsdij Qsiagqgfjin _dsfsbgjl Isqu -qfaiwu Jiqgfjin

Ltlih edjqds'* Md |iu uf adfqda qf gq qmiq ddj

qmd duudjqgin iq f migjl i bdin uddbda qf mgb qf

cd i |iuqd f inticnd qgbd* Md uffj ftja mgbudn

gj qmd ngbdnglmq f qmd |fsna f ltlih. fs Hfsdijqsiagqgfjin btug. |mdj md |fj qmd lsija psg{d gj

i jiqgfj|gad ltlih fbpdqgqgfj* Md |iu fjnw gj mgu

qmgsa wdis f mglm umffn iq qmd qgbd*

M|ijl Cwtjl"hg djqdsda qmd Adpisqbdjq f Ni|

iq Udftn Jiqgfjin Tjgdsugqw cditud qmdsd |iu jf

adpisqbdjq f ltlih iq qmiq qgbd. ija ptsutgjl

uqtagdu f qmd liwildtb |ftna inbfuq dsqigjnw

bdij i ngd f lsgjagjl pdjtsw* Md mia biuqdsda qmd

liwildtb bdsdnw cditud gq |iu i nicfs f nfd8 qmd

gadi f bihgjl i psfduugfj f gq |iu qmd isqmduq

qmgjl sfb mgu bgja*

Md |fshda i jtbcds f agdsdjq kfcu iqds

lsiatiqgfj qf disj i nggjl* Qmdiqds bijilds.

gnbbihds. ptcngumds. ija pnijjgjl bijilds f i

mdbgin pnijq |dsd ufbd f qmd pfugqgfju md mdna.ctq ctuw iu md |iu |gqm mgu kfcu. md aga jfq ndq qmd

liwildtb ftq f mgu gjldsu* Md |sippda tp dim

ija ddsw aiw cw pniwgjl qmd gjuqstbdjq* _nthgjl

qmd uqsgjlu. gq |iu mgu sdiufj fs cdgjl. nghd i nfda

fjd |mfb fjd gu ij}gftu qf udd ddsw aiw*

Mgu piuugfj |iu jfqda cw qmd lsdiq Hfsdij

fbpfuds Mwdfj Kd"bwdfjl -97?3"970?'* Mwdfj

utllduqda qmiq M|ijl qdim qmd liwildtb iq qmd

Adpisqbdjq f Hfsdij Qsiagqgfjin Btug f Udftn

Jiqgfjin Tjgdsugqw. |mgm mia ktuq cddj duqicngumda*

Qmgu biad mgb ddn md mia cdfbd i psfduugfjin

btuggij. ija iq niuq qmd liwildtb iuutbda qmd

pdsbijdjq pnid f i ngd"nfjl fbpijgfj* Md qitlmq

uqtadjqu iq qmd Adpisqbdjq f Hfsdij QsiagqgfjinBtug iq D|mi \fbiju Tjgdsugqw sfb 97

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

13/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem3?

LSDIQ HFSDIJ

IpIjq"lIsad Isq qmIq CsdIqmdu Ng`d

gjqf BIemgjdu

Jib"ktjd pigh |iu cfsj gj Udftn gj 9753. |mdj

qmd Hfsdij pdjgjutni |iu tjads Kiijdud efnfjgin

stnd* Md uqtagda iduqmdqgeu ija isq mguqfsw iq qmd

Tjgdsugqw f Qfhwf* Gq |iu gj 9740 qmiq md cdeibd

tnnw gjfnda gj qmd |fsna f isq |mdj md |iu

uqtawgjl btuge ija isq mguqfsw gj Btjgem. Ldsbijw*

Iqds bddqgjl Kfmj Eild. ij iijq"lisad

efbfuds. gj 974=. md uqisqda tumgjl fs|isa qmd

mfsg{fju f btuge ija sdnglgfj gjqf qmd qdssgqfsw f

iijq"lisad isq* Mgu dsfsbijedu iqds|isau qm sd|

mgu itagdjedu gjqf tqqds umfeh* pigh ubiumda qmd

gijf ija ueguufsda f Kfmj Eildu qgd*

Md d}sduuda sduguqijed ija iqqieh iligjuq

cftsldfgu etnqtsd gj mgu dsfsbijedu. ija gj qmd

970?u. md uqisqda efnnicfsiqgjl |gqm bdbcdsu f@nt}tu. ij g jqdsjiqgfjin iijq"lisad isq bfdbdjq*

Gj 9701. pigh esfuuda qmd Iqnijqge ija uqilda

dsfsbijedu |gqm ednnguq Emisnfqqd Bffsbij gj qmd

TU* Jfqgjl Ibdsgeij ufegdqwu qicff iligjuq ud}. md

dsfsbda Fpdsi Ud}qsfjgytd |gqm mds* Mgu gadi

f btugein guting{iqgfj. |mgem ibi nlibiqdu btuge.

Jib"ktJd _iGHqmd @imds f` Pgadf Is

Jib"ktjd _igh. qmd pgfjdds f` qmd jfdn ldjsd f` gadf isq. |iu ij isqguq |mf biad

gadfu ftq f` inn qmd pgeqtsdu f` qmd |fsna iu |dnn iu i psfpmdq |mf ngda imdia f` mgu

qgbd* Qmd TU bili{gjd QGBD atccda mgb fjd f` Iugiu mdsfdu gj 3??0. qmd wdis md

piuuda i|iw* Pgadfu gj mgu |fshu isd uqgnn fj qmd igs isftja qmd |fsna*cw Hgb Bgj"udfj & pmfqflsipmu psfgada cw Kffjlijl _mfqf

Qmd Bfsd qmd Cdqqdsqmgu gu jfq i uiwgjl. ctqqmd qgqnd f ij isq|fsh qmiq gu ij 9="bdqds qf|dsf 9??5 qdndgugfj udqu -97==. Jiqgfjin Btudtb f

Efjqdbfsisw Isq. Hfsdi'* Mdsd. qmd jtbcds 9??5

sdsdudjqu Hfsdiu jiqgfjin mfngaiw qmiq innu fj

qmd qmgsa aiw -?5' f qmd qdjqm bfjqm -9?' f qmd

wdis ija qmtu ugljggdu qmd aiw |mdj qmd mdidju

fdjda* Qmgu gu qmd ngqdsin bdijgjl f qmd jibd

f qmd mfngaiw einnda Lidemdfjkdfn. |mdj qmd gsuq

hgjlafb f qmd Hfsdij jiqgfj |iu ftjada gj 3555

C*E*. ieefsagjl qf ndldja*pigh |iu i sdd ugsgq |gqm qsdbdjaftu iuugfj

ija eftsild* Mgu ugsgq f d}dsgbdjqiqgfj nda

mgb qf gfjdds i jd| ldjsd einnda gadf isq* Mgu

itaiegftu ieqgfj btuge dsfsbijedu utem iuDqtad

`fs _gijf`fsqd -970?'. gadf isq gdedu gjentagjl

Biljdq QP-9704'. utem @nt}tu gdedu iu Fpdsi

Ud}qsfjgytd -970

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

14/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem33

LisfutLgnI qsdjauddsu psfbdjiad

Lisfutlgn. qmiq ytigjq uqsddq gj Ugjui"afjl. gu qmd pnied qf cd ija qmd pnied qf cd uddj `fs

Udftnu qsdjaudqqdsu ija `iumgfj ltstu* Jf|. gqu ligjgjl lnfcin sdefljgqgfj iu gjqdsjiqgfjin

`iumgfj csijau isd efbpdqgjl qf udetsd upiedu infjl qmd qsdjagduq psfbdjiad gj Udftn*cw Emtjl Ai"wftjl & pmfqflsipmu cw Hgb Kgj"mdd

bfdbdjq cieh |mdj qmd uqgnn tjadsaddnfpda* Isq

linndsgdu ija ijqgytd umfpu uqisqda qf fpdj gj qmgu

ytgdq jdglmcfsmffa. lggjl gq ij isqguqge dald* Cw qmd

niqd 977?u. bijw isq linndsgdu mia bfda qf qmd jf|

ibftu Gjuiafjl gj Lijlcth. ija aduglj ildjegdu

ija uqtagfu eibd gj qf qihd qmdgs pnied* _sdqqw uffj.

bijw wftjl isqguqu fpdjda qmdgs f|j uqtagfu. ija

iumgfj adugljdsu nitjemda qmdgs csijau* Gj qgbd. qmd

jdglmcfsmffa cdeibd hjf|j iu Adugljdsu Uqsddq*

Cfmdbgij Emisb

Qmdud aiwu. Lisfutlgn gu mfbd qf ij issiw f fpdj

eidu. sduqitsijqu. cisu. ija iumgfj umfpu cndjada

qfldqmds qf esdiqd i emge djtd fs wftjl pdfpnd*

\mgnd fqmds isdiu gj Lijljib isd uiga qf cd ijew

ija bfadsj. Lisfutlgn psdudjqu i cfmdbgij emisb

|gqm qmd insduef diqdsgdu ija cftqgytdu* Ctgnagjl

d}qdsgfsu mdsd isd tjnghd qmfud f fqmds umfppgjl

aguqsgequ gj Udftn* Bijw f qmd enfudnw hjgq umfpu

mid ij tjefbbfj isemgqdeqtsin nisduqwngum

cftqgytdu |gqm csglmq sda affsu ija @sdjem"uqwnd

umfp |gjaf|u ngjd qmd uqsddq infjl |gqm fpdj"igs

cstjem eidu. sdjadsgjl i ddngjl f _isgu fs Jd|

Wfshu UfMf*

Umfpu ptsdw enfqmdu ija cilu qmiq isd f qmd

niqduq qsdjau. ija fs bfsd iumgfj uiw umfppdsuqmdsd isd adugljds cftqgytdu qmiq cfiuq i sijld f

fjd"f"i"hgja asduudu ija umfdu qmiq eij cd etuqfb"

biad* Uqsddq djafsu udq tp qmdgs qicndu infjl qmd

ugad|inhu qf agupniw gqdbu f gjqild enfqmdu fs

mijabiad ieeduufsgdu*

Qfldqmds |gqm umfppgjl. bijw gugqfsu efbd

qf Lisfutlgn fs qmd tjgytd eiu. gjefbpisicnd

ijw|mdsd dnud gj Udftn* _fptnis aduudsqu gj

Lisfutlgn isd adngeiqd piuqdn efnfsda etpeihdu.

stgqw qisqu. ija i aduudsq f Hfsdij sda cdiju fj

ged umigjlu einnda piqcgjlut* Qmd gjqdsgfsu isd

dytinnw ytigjq ija tjgytd. gj hddpgjl |gqm qmd

isdiu sdptqiqgfj. ctq etuqfbdsu psdds qmd ubinn

qicndu fj qmd pidbdjq ftqugad. |mdsd qmdw eij udd

ija cd uddj* Ddj gj emgnnw |diqmds. wftjl bdj ija

|fbdj ugq ftqaffsu |gqm |isb cnijhdqu ibga qmd

liu mdiqdsu*

ijqdjji Uqsddq `fs

LnfCin `iUmgfj CsijaU

Lisfutlgn gu i sdniqgdnw wftjl pisq f Udftn* Gq miu

fjnw cdefbd pfptnis gj sdedjq wdisu ibfjl Udftnu

qsdjaudqqdsu. ctq gq miu ytgehnw addnfpda iu qmd

qsdjagduq nfeind gj inn f Udftn* Qmd iumgfj gjatuqsw.

cfqm afbduqge ija gjqdsjiqgfjin. miu cdltj qf

iehjf|ndald qmgu* @fs lnfcin iumgfj csijau.

afbduqge iumgfj efjlnfbdsiqdu. ija efubdqge

csijau. Lisfutlgn gu uwjfjwbftu |gqm ijqdjji

uqsddq. i uqsddq |mdsd efjutbds qsdjau eij cd

qduqda* Niuq Adedbcds. Ibdsgeij iumgfj ija |iqem

csija @fuugn fpdjda gqu gsuq Iugij uqsddq umfp gj

Lisfutlgn*

Hfsdi gu pfptnisnw psfbfqda iu qmd qsdja"udqqgjl

eftjqsw gj Iugi. ija Lisfutlgn gu qmd pnied |mdsdinn iumgfj"efjuegftu efjutbdsu efbd. uiwu Ndd Uf"

wdfjl. qmd csija bijilds f @fuugn Hfsdi. mgjqgjl. I

umfp fj qmgu uqsddq miu qsdbdjaftu uwbcfnge intd

gj qmd gjatuqsw*

Lnfcin csijau nghd Biuugbf Atqqg ija @fsdds39

fpdjda uqfsdu fj qmd bigj uqsddq niuq wdis. ija [isi

ija Niefuqd isd ldqqgjl sdiaw qf iaa Lisfutlgn qf

qmdgs ngjdu f umfpu*

UmFppgjl gj

lisFUTlgN

Hiqgd Uqddju `sfb Ibdsg-nd`q' ija Di Asijgiu `sfLsdded -sglmq' isd uqtadjqqmd Hfsdij Nijltild Gjuf` Wfjudg Tjgdsugqw* I H

`sgdja gjqsfateda qmgu isdqmd btuq lf pnied `fs umfpQmdsd isd uf bijw psdqqwenfqmdu ija umfdu qmiq G |nghd qf ctw. uiwu Hiqgd*

mF| qF lDq qmD

Utc|iw

=??b sfb D}gq = f U

Uqiqgfj fj Utc|iw Ngj

-94"bgjtqd |inh'

Igspfsq Ngbftugjd Ct

Qmd ctu uqfp `fs Igspf

Ngbftugjd Ctu Jf* 0?

jdis D}gq 0 f Ugjui Uq

Ktuq iu iumgfj emijldu qmsftlm qmd wdisu. qmdbfuq pfptnis ija qsdjagduq isdi gj Udftn umgquqf agdsdjq pisqu f qmd egqw* Atsgjl qmd 970?u ija

97

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

15/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem31

\mdsd qmd cndih |gjqds sdedadu.lfnadj enftau f` f|dsu cnfuufbCw qmd bgaand f` Bisem. qmd uftqm f` qmd eftjqsw dbdsldu `sfb qmd niuq duqgldu f` |gjqds. csdihgjl qmd

bfjfqfjw f` |ddhu ija |ddhu f` uteeduugd efna ujipu ija qmi|u* Qmgu bfjqm. wfts qsidnds gugqu Ltswd.

Kdfnnijib"af. |mdsd cnfuufbu f` uijutwt. fs efsjdngij emdssgdu. isd efbgjl gjqf wdnnf| cnffb i`qds i

nfjl ciqqnd cdq|ddj qmd udiufju* Efbd ija kfgj wfts qsidnds gj lsddqgjl qmd jd| upsgjl tj`fnagjl |gqm

efsjdngij emdssw cnfuufbu* cw Ndd Kdfjl"dtj & pmfqflsipmu cw Bffj Ath"l|ij

Q mgu bfjqm wfs qsidnds udqu ffq gj Lswd. Kdfjjib"af. |mdsd wdnnf| efsjdngij emdsswcnfuufbu isd psfanw umf|gjl qmdbudndu iqds

|ddhu f niuq"agqem |gjqds efna updnnu ija mdsinagjlqmd nfjl"i|igqda issgin f upsgjl* Qmdsd isd i

jbcds f gnnildu gj Lswd. gjenagjl Uijl|g

Bidn. fs Uijl|g Pgnnild* Qmgu gu qmd suq aduqgjiqgfj

f wfs qsidndsu qsgp qf Lswd* Qmd gnnild

efbbijau qmd bfuq biljgedjq gd| f efsjdngij

emdssw cnfuufbu gj Lswd iu gq uqijau iq qmd mglmduq

dndiqgfj gj qmd djqgsd efjqw* Ijfqmds iqqsieqgfj

f Uijl|g Pgnnild gu i jissf| piqm ngjda |gqm uqfjd

|innu einnda Uisijllgn. fs _iqm f Nfd* Mdsd. nfdsu

|mgupds |fsau f qmdgs caagjl nfd |mgnd |inhgjl

infjl qmgu sfbijqge piqm ib ga adngeiqd. eniuugein

cdiqw*

Uijl|g Pgnnild gu jiqsinnw accda Uijuw

Bidn. fs Pgnnild f Efsjdngij Emdssw Cnfuufbu.

ija mfuqu i duqgin f efsjdngij emdssw cnfuufbuddsw wdis* Fqmds gnnildu gj qmd efjqsw cdis qmd

uibd jgehjibd. gjenagjl Cfjlm|i ija tgudfjl gj

Lwdfjluijch"af ija Gemdfj gj Lwdfjllg"af. cq

jfjd f qmdb biqemdu Uijl|g Pgnnild* Gq gu jfq fjnw

qmiq Uijl|g Pgnnild miu bfsd efsjdngij emdssgdu8

gq gu inuf cdeiud Uijl|g gu qmd gsuq ddsw wdis qf

cdefbd umsfada jads qmd lfnadj. sdum enfau f

efsjdngij emdssw cnfuufbu*

Jf| qmiq wfs qsidnds miu qihdj gj qmd

csdiqmqihgjl uedjdsw f lfnadj enfau f cnfuufbu.umd adbijau mds ad pfsqgfj f engjisw adnglmq*

\miq isd gu cduq gj qm gu cdiqgn bfjqigj gnnild6

Uijemid kdfjlugh. fs i nn efsud bdin f |gna mdscu

ija dldqicndu |gqm sged ija ufp. gu qmd fcgfu

emfged*

Qmdsd isd bijw sduqisijqu gj Lswd qmiq isd

sdjf|jda fs qmgu updegin bdin* Qmd sduqisijq

Ldwdjjin Uijemid Ughaijl gu dupdeginnw |dnn

sdefbbdjada* Iqds wfs qsidnds ugqu fj qmd |isb

`ffs f fjd f qmd sffbu. q|f dnadsnw niagdu efbd gj

cdisgjl i qicnd nn f agumdu*

Qmd agumdu isd psdpisda sfb i isgdqw f udiufjin

|gna mdscu ija dldqicndu* Qmdw isd pgehda ija

asgda gj i bijjds qmiq sdqigju qmdgs jgyd qiuqdu

ija `ifsu. ija qmdj cnijemda. sgda. fs lsgnnda* @fsd}ibpnd. adfadfh. i isgdqw f cfjjdq cdnnnf|dsu

-Efafjfpugu nijedfniqi'. gu lsgnnda. cq fjnw unglmqnw

qf sdqigj i esgupw qiuqd* \gqm cnijemda mdscu. lsgnnda

adfadfh. pgehnda dldqicndu. uinqda gum. ija fqmds

adngegfu ugad agumdu. wfs qsidnds adfsda mds

djqgsd cf|n f sged. ndigjl jfq i ugjlnd lsigj* Mdjed.

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

16/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem30

sged |iu cdgjl effhda gj qmd hgqemdj* Wfs qsidnds

ddnu mbcnda iq mds ijeduqfsu mdisq"|isbgjl

efjugadsiqgfj f qmdgs jddaw jdglmcfsu*

Qmd Udfbkgjlijl -Udfbkgj SgpdS'

@nf|U |gQm CditQg@tn UQfSgdU Qf Qdnn

Qmd jin aduqgjiqgfj f qmgu qsgp qf Lswd gu M|ilid

Kijlqdf. fs M|ilid Bishdq* Qmgu uqsddq bishdq

esfuudu qmd cfsads cdq|ddj Lwdfjluijljib"af ija

Kdfnnijib"af* Gq |iu fjd f qmd d nislduq bishdqu

gj Hfsdi cdfsd qmd jiqgfjin ngcdsiqgfj sfb Kipijdud

efnfjgin snd. ija |iu in|iwu qmsfjlda |gqm cwdsu.

udnndsu. ija updeqiqfsu* Qfaiw. qmd bishdqpnied cdisu

i iiad f bfadsjgqw. cq uqgnn d}adu inn f qmd

gqingqw ija mbij qfem f i qsiagqgfjin efjqsw

bishdq f fna |gqm bijw iqqsieqgfju uem iu afqfsg

bh -iefsj kdnnw'. kidemdfp lh -ubinn enib ufp'.

|gna dagcnd lsddju. lsddj qdi. qsiagqgfjin gjju

einnda kbih. ija qiw udnndsu* Wf eij inuf udd i

qsiagqgfjin cniehubgqm |mdsd mfdu. ugehndu. ija fqmds

gbpndbdjqu isd uqgnn biad gj qmd qsiagqgfjin |iwu*

\miq i uglmq qf djkfw)

@sfb Uijl|g Pgnnild qf M|idfbui qf tjkfs

_igngfj ija gjinnw qf M|ilid Bishdq. qmdud

iuegjiqgjl qfsguq aduqgjiqgfju isd inn infjl qmd

Udfbkgjlijl* Qmd sgds upsgjlu gj Kgjij. Kdfnnich"af ija sju bfsd qmij 3?? hgnfbdqdsu cdfsd

gq dbpqgdu gjqf qmd udi* Gq piuudu qmsflm Gbugn.

Lfhudfjl. Lswd. ija Fuij8 `f|u cdq|ddj Kgsguij

-Kgsg Bfjqigj' ija Cidljuij -Cidlj Bfjqigj'

ija sju qmsflm Miafjl ija L|ijlwijl* Qmd

sgds buq mid i lsdiq adin f cdiqgn uqfsgdu qf

qdnn qf upsgjl qsidndsu*

Minn. ija Ui Uiki Uibemdjl Udfhqip -i qmsdd"uqfsw

uqfjd pilfai |gqm fs pgnnisu gj qmd umipd f ngfju'*

_dsmipu. qmd cduq qgbd f wdis qf gugq qmd qdbpnd

gu upsgjl. |mdj qmd ipsgefq cnfuufbu isd fq* Qmdw

isd i uqsfjl sda |gqm i mgjq f cnieh ija isd uf

udjuinnw silsijq qmiq qmdw i sd dbfqgfjinnw bfgjl

ddj qf qmd iuedqge bfjhu* Qmdud cd|gqemgjl aish"

sdaagum cnfuufbu einnda mdjlbid efbd gjqf cnffb

fjnw iqds qmd csglmq wdnnf| cnfuufbu f efsjdngij

emdssgdu |gqmds ija inn af|j qf qmd lsfja. uf wfs

qsidnds |iu jfq icnd qf d}pdsgdjed qmdb fj qmgu

qsgp* Umd jf| qsju qf|isa tjkfs _igngfj*tjkfs _igngfj gu i qsiagqgfjin Hfsdij mfud cgnq

gj 9

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

17/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem3=

Wdfjladfh

Ujf| Esic @duqgpinQmd 94qmWdfjladfh Aidld Emthkd. fs Wdfjladfh Ujf| Esic @duqgpin.gu uniqda `fs qmgu bfjqm* Fj Bisem ="93. qmd udiumfsd f` Wdfjladfh.

Lwdfjluijcth"af |gnn iqqsieq qmsfjlu f` esf|au |gqm u|isbu f`

esicu* Efbd ija djkfw d}egqgjl ieqgpgqgdu gjentagjl eiqemgjl ujf|

esicu qmiq |dis lfna sgjlu ija ujf| esic iteqgfju*cw Ndd Kdfjl"dtj & pmfqflsipmu cw Bffj Ath"l|ij. Wdfjladfh Eftjqw F ed

aidld isd iu nfjl ija uqsiglmq iu cibcff* Fjd

eijjfq ugbpnw uiw qmiq qmd nislds i ujf| esic qmd

cdqqds* Inn dnud cdgjl dytin. qmd mdigds qmd cdqqds*

D}pdsqu iaa qmiq qmd cduq esicu isd qmd fjdu qmiq isd

ingd |gqm inn qmdgs ndlu uqgnn iqqiemda gjqieq*

Qmd esiccdsu f Wdfjladfh uqisq eiqemgjl ujf|

esicu gj Adedbcds. fjd bfjqm niqds qmij gj fqmds

isdiu. gj fsads qf psfqdeq bisgjd sduftsedu* Isftja

=;5? gj qmd bfsjgjl. |mdj qmd utj umgjdu csglmq sda

fds qmd udipfsq. qmd esiccgjl cfiqu efbd gj |gqmudiltnnu dildsnw gj mfq ptsutgq* I qgjw cija gu ptq

isftja fjd f qmd ndlu f ddsw ytingqw ujf| esic

|mdj esicu isd tjnfiada sfb qmd adehu qf nicdn gq

iu i Wdfjladfh ujf| esic f mglm ytingqw. ija qmd

esic iteqgfj upied gu efdsda |gqm eftjqnduu ujf|

esicu*

Qmd Wdfjladfh ujf| esic udiufj stju sfb

Adedbcds qf Ipsgn* Ujf| esicu eitlmq atsgjl qmgu

qgbd isd efbpndqdnw piehda |gqm u|ddq ndum* Qmd

cduq isgdqw f ujf| esicu gj Hfsdi gu cihainaidld*Qmgu jibd sdytgsdu ufbd bfsd d}pnijiqgfj* Cihain

gu i hgja f cgsem* Gj fqmds |fsau. cihain aidld miuadjud dum nghd cihain qsddu ija qmd bfuq adndeqicnd

silsijed ija qiuqd* Uf psdegftu isd qmdw qmiq

fjd ugjlnd cihain aidld |dglmgjl q|f hgnflsibututinnw udnnu iq iteqgfj fs fds HS\ 9??.???. fs

ippsf}gbiqdnw TUA 79*

I `duqgpIn `fs dpdswfjd

Wdfjladfh mfnau qmd Wdfjladfh Ujf| Esic @duqgin

ddsw Bisem gj fsads qf lgd iu bijw pdfpnd iu

Lijllt gu |mdsd qmd bfuq Wdfjladfh ujf|esicu isd cftlmq ija ufna* Qmgu gu sdiagnwippisdjq |mdj fjd gugqu qmd pfsq* I lglijqge bfadn

f i sdaagum esic lsddqu wft nghd i cgnncfisa sfb

mglm icfd Lijllt Csgald. ija qmd bigj sfia f

qmd udipfsq gu ngjda |gqm mtjasdau f ujf| esic

sduqitsijqu fs icftq qmsdd hgnfbdqdsu* Qmd gsfj pfqu

uqijagjl cdfsd qmd sduqitsijqu dbgq btllw uqdib

sfb ujf| esicu cdgjl effhda. infjl |gqm qmdgs

piniqicnd uedjq qmiq bgjlndu |gqm qmd uinqw udi |gjauqf uqgbtniqd wfts fnieqfsw udjud*

I ujf| esic gu einnda aidld gj Hfsdij. ija gqu

Hfsdij jibd sdytdjqnw bgundiau pdfpnd gjqf

cdngdgjl qmiq qmd esicu isd dsw nisld ugjed aid

tutinnw bdiju cgl* Mdsd. aid ugljggdu aidjibt.

|mgem gu cibcff. ija gjageiqdu qmiq qmd ndlu f

pfuugcnd qmd fppfsqtjgqw f djkfwgjl ija qiuqgjl

Wdfjladfh ujf| esicu* Qmgu wdis. qmd duqgin

|gnn qihd pnied gj ija isftja Uibui Bisgjd _ish.

Lijllt. ija i gnnild atccda Aidld \fjkf Bidtn.

fs Fsglgj Pgnnild f Ujf| Esicu* Qmgu gu qmd 94qm

duqgin qf cd mdna. ija gq |gnn stj sfb Bisem = qf

93* Qmd qmdbd qmgu wdis gu Uqfsgdu f Wdfjladfh

Ujf| Esicu* I pniw |gnn cd uqilda fj qmgu qmdbd

qf umf| qmd ngd ija mguqfsw f Wdfjladfh ujf|

esicu iu |dnn iu qmd ngdu ija qmd kfwu ija ufssf|u fesiccdsu f qmd diuq efiuq f Hfsdi*

Qmdsd |gnn cd mijau"fj ieqggqgdu. qff. fs ddswfjd

qf djkfw* Qmd bfuq sdpsdudjqiqgd f qmdb gu qmd

Lfnadj Wdfjladfh Ujf| Esic Eiqemgjl Libd*

Pgugqfsu eij qsw qmdgs mijau iq eiqemgjl Wdfjladfh

ujf| esicu sfb i nisld |iqds qijh* Fjd pdsufj

biw eiqem q|f qf gd esicu. ija g wft isd ntehw.

wft |gnn eiqem i ujf| esic |disgjl i lfna sgjl* Qmgu

eiqemgjl libd gu fs ddswfjdwftjl fs fna. bind

fs dbind. Hfsdij fs fsdgljija wfts `d udjudu

|gnn inn cd uqgbtniqda |gqm tj ija lffa qiuqd*

Qmd utspsgud iteqgfj f cihain aidld gu ijfqmds

ddjq wft umftna jfq bguu* Ndqu jfq fsldq qmiq i

lffa cihain aidld lfdu fs fds HS\ 9??.??? iq i

uqijaisa iteqgfj. ctq qmgu iteqgfj gu wfts emijed qfldq utem i esic iq i addp agueftjq* Gq |gnn cd i uqdin)

Qmd Lijllt bisgji innf|u wft qf sgad |iqds

ewendu ija eiqem Wdfjladfh ujf| esicu. |mgnd

nffhgjl ftq fds qmd cditqgtn Diuq Udi* Cdugadu

|iqds ewengjl. gugqfsu isd inuf gjgqda qf qsw fqmds

|iqds upfsqu ija ndgutsd dytgpbdjq*

Mf| qf ldq qMd

Eis G` wft adpisq sfb

Udftn fs Ctuij cw qmd

Lwdfjlct D}psduu|

qihd Sftqd Jf* < i qd

piuugjl qmd Lwdfjlkt

Qfnnliqd ija asgd

jfsqm|isa qmsftlm _f

G wft efbd sfb Kdf

af fs Kdfjcth"af. qi

== Fnwbpge D}psduu|

asgd qmsftlm Aidlt.

ldq fj qmd Lwdfjlct

D}psduu|iw* Fj qmd |wft |gnn piuu Lwdfjl

_fmijl* Qmfud efbgj

sfb Lijl|fj _sfgj

biw tud Sftqd Jf*

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

18/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem5?

Efbd ija Uqiw gj Mijfh6I qsiagqgfjin inqdsjiqgd qfqwpgein ieefbbfaiqgfju

Niuq wdis infjd jdisnw qdj bgnngfj qftsguqu eibd qf Uftqm Hfsdi* Qmgu bfjqmu JF\

GJ HFSDI utsdwu updegin ieefbbfaiqgfju qmiq lgd gugqfsu fppfsqtjgqgdu qf

cdqqds d}pdsgdjed Hfsdij etnqtsd. gjentagjl mfbduqiw Mijfh. iu |dnn iu ldjdsin

ieefbbfaiqgfju `fs efb`fsqicnd ija bdijgjl`tn uqiwu* cw Hgb Bgj"udfj & pmfqflsipmu cw Ndd Kid"mdd

\f|. gqu cditqgtn) d}enigbu Bu* Umgit"_dg iqds ptqqgjl fj i Mijcfh -KfudfjAwjiuqw"uqwnd Hfsdij efuqtbd'. bisdngjl iq qmd

adngeiqd. bwuqdsgftu efnfsu*

Umd iuuiwu qmd eminndjld f qwgjl qmd lfsdtb-fsjibdjqin uqsgjlu f qmd tppds lisbdjq' ija uqisqu

piegjl qf ija sf |gqm ij igs f i qfp bfadn fj ij

gbilgjisw stj|iw uqsiaangjl qmd aidemdfjl bist

-|ffadj `ffsda minn' ija qmd ijcijl -bigj sffb

fs qmd mfuq'* Umd afdu jfq fsldq qf pfud fs qmd

eibdsi qf hddp mdsudn gj qmgu qsiagqgfjin efuqtbd

f dndlijq qd}qtsdu ija ngjdu* Mijcfh ija Aiaf

gu i pfptnis psflsib fs fsdglj qsidndsu uqiwgjl

iq Mijfh gj |mgem fsdgljdsu qsw Mijcfh ija qmd

Hfsdij qsiagqgfjin |iw f asgjhgjl qdi*

Bu* Umgit"_dg ija mds lsftp f sgdjau ija ibgnw

eibd sfb Biniwugi fj ieiqgfj* Qmgu cdgjl qmdgs

gsuq gugq qf Hfsdi. qmdw mia qmfsftlmnw pnijjda

qmdgs qsgp ija dupdeginnw efjugadsda |mdsd qf uqiw*

Qmd |dcugqd f qmd Hfsdi Qftsgub Fslijg{iqgfj

uiga |d eftna uqiw iq i Mijfh. ija iqds aguetuugfj.

|d adegada qf uqiw iq i Mijfh qf d}pds"gdjed Hfsdij

etnqtsd bfsd gjqgbiqdnw. d}pnigju Bu* Umgit"_dg.

iaagjl. Ctq gq |iujq diuw qf ldq djftlm gjfsbiqgfj

fj Mijfh. uf G d}emijlda bfsd qmij 5? dbignu |gqm

ij f|jds f Mijfh*

Mf| afdu umd siqd mds q|f"aiw uqiw iq i Mijfh6

Umd ippsdegiqdu qmiq umd |iu icnd qf mid i addpds

d}pdsgdjed |gqm Hfsdij etnqtsd qmij umd |

mid g umd mia uqiwda iq i mfqdn* Gj pisqget

unddpgjl fj qmd fjafn -qmd nffs f i sffb md

sfb cdnf|' siqmds qmij gj i cda |iu qfqinnw jf

Umd inuf ippsdegiqdu qmd niwftq f qmd Mijfh iu

sffbu |dsd efjjdeqda qf qmd aidemdfjl b

-|ffadj `ffsda minn ija sfjq pfsem'. |mgem inn

fs enfutsd f ubinn upiedu fs psgiew fs q

fpdjgjl gjqf i ugjlnd cgl umisda upied*

Uqiw iq Mijfh. Unddp fj fjafn.

ija Uifs MijUgh

Udftn gu ij gjqdsjiqgfjin qftsguq egqw qmiq |dnef

bgnngfju f fsdgljdsu ddsw wdis* Ufbd 7*= bg

qftsguqu gugqda Uftqm Hfsdi gj 3?99 infjd* B

agdsdjq qwpdu f ieefbbfaiqgfju isd fd

ddsw wdis iu qftsgub qmsgdu* Ufbd f qmdb psf

d}pdsgdjedu qmiq isd dsw tjgytd qf Hfsdi*

d}ibpnd. wft eij uqiw iq i qsiagqgfjin Ctaa

qdbpnd -qdbpnd uqiw' fs iq i Mijfh -Mijfh u

Cfqm isd uqsfjlnw psddssda fpqgfju cw qm

fsdgljdsu |mf |ijq i bfsd tjgytd ija ad

d}pdsgdjed f Hfsdij etnqtsd*

Bfuq mfbduqiw Mijfh gj Udftn isd af|jqf|

Cthemfj* Qmgu isdi gu einnda Cthemfj Mijfh Pg

ija gu fjd f qmd mfqqduq aduqgjiqgfju fs fsdgl

gugqgjl Udftn. ctq d| fsdgljdsu hjf| qmiq

eij uqiw iq fjd f qmd ytigjq Mijfh qmdsd* I Mi

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

19/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem53

i c q mj Uqw _l Bj Lqm

Qmd Mijfh efbpsgudu qmd bigj ctgnagjl einnda Tjmwdfj Aijl ija

ij ftqctgnagjl einnda Tjmwdfj Aijl Cwdfnemid* Utem piniedu iu

Lwdfjlcfhltjl ija Emijllwdfjltjl ija Kfjlbwf Umsgjd isd jdiscw.

ija Gjuiafjl ija Cthemfj Mijfh Pgnnild isd fjnw `d bgjtqdu i|iw cw ffq*

G wft cffh gj iaijed. wft biw pisqgegpiqd gj qmd Hfsdij etnqtsd ieqggqgdu.

|mgem gjentad |disgjl Mijcfh. ndisjgjl qmd qsiagqgfjin Hfsdij bijjds f

asgjhgjl qdi. bihgjl Hgbemg. ija ndisjgjl qf pniw qsiagqgfjin gjuqstbdjqu*

Qdn=3"3"

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

20/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem51

Hfsdiu @tugfj uildtHUft Hfsdij mgufsgein asiiu |g i bfdsj q|gu

Uftqm Hfsdij `tugfj uildth. fs pdsgfa asibiu |gqm i bfadsj qftem. mid inn qmd dndbdjqu jddada qf

iqqsieq jiqgfjin ija gjqdsjiqgfjin gd|dsu inghdeipqgiqgjl pnfqu. bdubdsg{gjl emisieqdsu. `iuegjiqgjl efuqtbdu.

ija u|ddq sfbijed* cw Emtjl Ai"wftjl

Qmd BCE asibi Qmd Utj ija qmd Bffj gu jf|inn qmd sild qmsftlmftq qmd eftjqsw* Qmd asibigu ciuda fj qmd cduq"udnngjl jfdn f qmd uibd qgqnd*

Gq qdnnu i nfd uqfsw udq atsgjl qmd Kfudfj Awjiuqw

-9573"979?' f i geqgfjin hgjl. pniwda cw Hgb Ut"

mwdfj. ija qmd mdsfgjd. pniwda cw Mij Li"gj* Qmd

asibi gbbdagiqdnw |fj fds gd|dsu ija esgqgeu

|gqm gqu suq igsgjl gj Kijtisw fs gqu qijqing{gjl pnfq.

ngdnw emisieqdsu. ija |dnn uqsteqtsda uqfsw* Qmd niuq

gd|gjl siqgjlu cw ILC Jgdnufj ija QJBU. q|f

bikfs itagdjed bdiutsdbdjq gsbu. sdiemda 1?

pdsedjq ija isd uqgnn sgugjl. ija Qmd Utj ija qmd

Bffj gu fj gqu |iw qf cdefbgjl fjd f qmd bfuq

pfptnis tugfj uildth asibiu gj Hfsdij qdndgugfj*

Uildth pU* @tUgfj Uildth

Uf. |miq gu uildth. ija |miq gu tugfj uildth6

Uildth asibiu isd pdsgfa asibiu |gqm mguqfsgein

ciehlsftja* Qmd udqqgjlu isd tutinnw dnicfsiqd.

ija qmd emisieqdsu tud nijltild qmiq gu uqwng{da ija

nieda |gqm isemige feictnisw ija d}psduugfju* Bfuq

uqfsgdu adpgeq ieqtin mguqfsgein ddjqu fs qmd ngdu f

lsdiq bdj gj mguqfsw utem iu hgjlu fs ldjdsinu* Qmd

Hfsdiju mid in|iwu cddj isadjq iju f uildth

asibiu dds ugjed qmdw suq ippdisda fj cnieh ija

|mgqd qdndgugfj adeiadu ilf*

Bijw uildth uqfsgdu |dsd icftq pfngqgein efj`geq

ija gjqsgltd |gqmgj qmd sfwin eftsq fs atsgjl |is*

Qmgu jiqtsinnw biad qmd asibiu dsw biuetngjd ija

sftlm. ija qmdw |dsd dupdeginnw gjqdsduqgjl qf qmd

fnads ldjdsiqgfju fs qmiq sdiufj* Uildth asibiu

|dsdjq pisqgetnisnw pfptnis ibfjl wftjl qdndgugfj

gd|dsu tjqgn i uildth einndaAibf igsda gj qmd

utbbds f 3??5. bishgjl qmd iadjq f tugfj

uildth*

Aibf gu i geqgfjin asibi icftq qmd qsilge nfd

ija ieqgfju f i pfnged |fbij* Udq gj qmd Kfudfj

pdsgfa. gq gu i bg}qtsd f esdiqgd gbilgjiqgfj.

dnicfsiqd udqqgjlu. ija sdin bisqgin uqtjq ieqgfj* Qmgu

jd| ldjsd f uildth. |mgem |iu uffj qf cd einnda

tugfj uildth iu gq |iu uildth gjtuda |gqm i

bfadsj qftem. |iu dsw agdsdjq sfb qmd psdgftu

uildth asibiu. |mgem dsw btem mia qmd emisieqds

f mguqfsw qd}q"cffhu*Aibf upishda i udjuiqgfj

ibfjl Hfsdij gd|dsu ija |iu dupdeginnw i cgl mgq

ibfjl qmd wftjlds ldjdsiqgfj* Iqds qmd igsgjl f

Aibf. bfsd tugfj uildth |dsd psfateda |gqm

|gads qmdbdu |gqm qftemdu f sfbijed. ieqgfj.

ijqiuw. ija qmd nghd*

\mw gu tugfj uildth uf pfptnis6

\d eij ja uddsin bikfs sdiufju*

Wftjl gd|dsu eij diugnw sdniqd qf

qmd efjqdbpfsisw uqfsw ngjd qmiq gu

bdnqda gjqf qmd efnfstn mguqfsgein

ciehasfp. esdiqgjl i tjgytd

cndja f fna ija jd|* Qmd bigj

emisieqdsu isd wftjl. lffa nffhgjl

pgj"tp ieqfsu |mf isd edndcsiqda

uqisu gj qmd djqdsqigjbdjq gjatuqsw*

Ieqfsu |mf pdsfsbda gj bfadsj

asibiu ija bfgdu isd diqtsda qf

csgjl sdumjduu qf tugfj uildth*

Ija qmd bdnfasibiqge uqfswngjdu

f nfd. sgdjaumgp. ija u|ddq sfbijed csgjlu jd|

emisb qf qmd udqqgjlu*

gjqdsjiqgfjin @ibd

Iu tugfj uildth miu ligjda jiqgfj|gad pfptnisgqw

gj sdedjq wdisu. qmdw isd cdgjl ngedjuda qf fsdglj

csfiaeiuqdsu ija mid iqqsieqda i nisld fsdglj

fnnf|gjl* Qmd gsuq tugfj uildth qmiq cdeibd

pfptnis gj Iugi |iuAid Kijl Ldtb. fsKd|dn gj

qmd _inied. diqtsgjl qmd ieqsduu Ndd Wftjl"id iu

i qindjqda pinied emd |mf niqds cdeibd qmd gsuq"

dds dbind emgd pmwugegij qf qmd hgjl* Qmd asibi

gsuq igsda gj Uftqmdiuq Iugij eftjqsgdu ija upsdia

iesfuu qmd |fsna qf Dtsfpd. qmd Ibdsgeiu. ija ddj

qf qmd Bgaand Diuq. |mdsd Hfsdij etnqtsd |iu jfq

wdq |dnn hjf|j. qf cdefbd i cgl pisq f Minnwt. fs

qmd uf"einnda Hfsdij |id* Eftjqnduu fsdglj iju

fAid Kijl Ldtbmid qsidnnda qf Uftqm Hfsdi qf

d}pdsgdjed Hfsdij etgugjd ija pinied etnqtsd* Gj

ddeq. qmd asibi duqicngumda i jd| ngjd f etnqtsin

qftsgub qmdbda fj qsiagqgfjin sfwin etgugjd ija

etnqtsd*

Uffj iqds|isau. bikfs csfiaeiuqgjl uqiqgfju

cdlij gjduqgjl btem bfsd gj qmd esdiqgfj f

tugfj uildth* Qmdw |dsd lgdj gjesdagcnd eiuqgjl.

uedjdu f egjdbiqge psfpfsqgfju. ntum efuqtbdu.

ija ibi{gjl uftjaqsiehu* Atd qf qmd gjqdsjiqgfjin

pfptnisgqw f tugfj uildth. qmd bigj ieqfsu ija

ieqsduudu mid cdefbd i jd| ldjdsiqgfj f Minnwt

uqisu gj eftjqsgdu |mdsd qmdw mid cddj uddj* Qmd

ieqsduu Mij Mwf"kt. qmd ndiagjl niaw gj Afjl Wg.

ijfqmds tugfj uildth f BCE. |iu mignda iu qmd

jd}q Ndd Wftjl"id gj Emgji. ija qmd ieqfs Hijl Kg"

m|ij kfgjda qmd ngjd f cdnfda Minnwt uqisu gj Kipij

iqds qmd uteeduu f qmd HCU tugfj uildthMfjl Lgn

Afjlgj 3??=*

\dnn biad tugfj uildth asibiu mid sdedgda

fdsudiu sdefljgqgfj ija ifsicnd sdgd|u* Qmd

HCU bgjgudsgduM|ijl Kgj Wguqissgjl qmd ieqsduu

Mi Kg"|fj iaijeda qf qmd bigj efbpdqgqgfj f qmd

3??< Bfjqd Eisnf QP @duqgin* Niuq wdis. qmd ieqfs

Kijl Mwth |iu jfbgjiqda fs qmd 3?99 Gjqdsjiqgfjin

Dbbw I|isa fs mgu pdsfsbijed gj Emtjf* Qmd

asibi inuf |fj qmd Cduq Asibi Udsgdu i|isa gj qmd

3?9? Iugij QP I|isau ija |iu jfbgjiqda fs qmd

3?99 Bfjqd Eisnf QP @duqgin*9

9 Mij Li"gj ija Hgb Ut"iq qmd psfateqgfj ijjftjeedsdbfjw f`Qmd Utj ija qmd Bffj*3 Ndd Wftjl"id f`Aid Kijl Ldtb*5 _fuqds gbild `fs HCU asM|ijl Kgj Wg*1 Kijl Mwth f` qmd 3?99asibi Emtjf*

53

1

U_FSQU

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

21/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem50

CiabgjqfjUmtqqndefehu @nwgjl Mglm fs Lfna

Qmd Fnwbpge qsigjgjl `fs qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqgfjin ciabgjqfj qdib gu gj `tnn u|gjl*cw Emtjl Ai"wftjl & pmfqflsipmu cw Hgb Kgj"mdd

Qmd ciabgjqfj qsigjgjl eftsq iq qmd QidjdtjlQsigjgjl Edjqds gj @dcstisw |iu gnnda |gqmqmd uftjau f umtqqndefehu u|gumgjl cieh ija

fsqm fds qmd jdqu* Qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqgfjin

ciabgjqfj qdib f 34 bdj ija 35 |fbdj pigsda

f ija psieqgeda pf|dstn sinngdu infjl icftq i

af{dj jdqu fj qmd eftsq* Qmd qdib cdlij gqu fegin

Fnwbpgeu qsigjgjl gj Kijtisw. |gqm qmd lfin f

|gjjgjl i qmgsa efjudetqgd Fnwbpge lfna bdain

qmgu utbbds gj Nfjafj*

qmd upfsq cdeibd ij fgegin bdain ddjq iq qmd

9773 Cisednfji Fnwbpgeu* Qmd qdib cfiuqu i psfta

sdefsa f ug} lfna. uddj ugnds. ija fts csfj{d

bdainu sfb d Fnwbpgeu*

Qmd |fsna f ciabgjqfj gu afbgjiqda cw Emgji.

Uftqmdiuq Iugi. ija Dtsfpd* Diem sdlgfj miu gqu uqsfjl

pfgjqu fs |gjjgjl biqemdu gjugad qmd eftsq* Gq gu

|dnn hjf|j qmiq Emgji miu qmd nislduq pffn f mglmnw"

uhgnnda iqmndqdu8 pniwdsu sfb Uftqmdiuq Iugi isd dsw

`d}gcnd ija mid mglm sd`d}du8 ija Dtsfpdij iqmndqdu

mid qmd pmwugein iaijqildu f uqsdjlqm ija mdglmq*

Mf| afdu qmd Hfsdij jiqgfjin qdib sijh ibfjl

qmd |fsnau qfp pniwdsu6

Efiem Utjl Mij"hth uiwu. Qf qdnn wft qmd qstqm.

qmd Hfsdij pniwdsu mid idsild pmwugein uqsdjlqm

efbpisda qf fsdglj pniwdsu. ctq |d mid qmd uhgnn.

qieqgeu. ija pdsuddsijed qf cd qfp pniwdsu* Iu |dnn

iu qftlm pmwugein qsigjgjl. |d fetu fj updda.

psdageqgd qmgjhgjl. ija sdnd}* G qsigj bw qdib qf

sdia qmd libd cdfsd gq ddj mippdju*

Ciabgjqfj gu i upfsq qmiq sdytgsdu uwjemsfjg{da

dwd. ffq. ija |sguq effsagjiqgfj* I hddj dwd eijudd qmd cngja upfqu f qmd fppfjdjq8 ubisq qmgjhgjl

eij psdageq qmd jd}q bfd8 ytgeh ddq eij eiqem qmd

ctnndq"iuq umtqqndefehu8 ija i uqsfjl ija nd}gcnd

|sguq eij udja qmd umtqqndefeh cieh iesfuu qmd jdq

fjnw gjemdu cdfsd gq mgqu qmd lsftja*

Updda. ilgngqw. pf|ds. ija djatsijed isd inuf

hdw gjlsdagdjqu. ctq qmd icgngqw qf ijqgegpiqd

qmd fppfjdjqu jd}q bfd ija ldq imdia f qmd

umtqqndefeh gu qmd duudjed f cdgjl qmd jtbcds"

fjd pniwds* Wft isd insdiaw qff niqd g wft fnnf|

qmd fppfjdjqu umtqqndefeh |gqm wfts dwdu gsuq

ija bfd wfts ddq udefja* Fjnw i lsdiq pniwds

eij psdageq qmd qsikdeqfsw f qmd umtqqndefeh iqds

djanduu gbild qsigjgjl ija ijinwugu*

I Sgugjl uqIS

Ndd Wfjl"aid f qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqgfjin qdib

gu efjugadsda fjd pniwds |mf miu qmgu icgngqw* Iu

i 3??= Cdgkgjl Fnwbpgeu lfna bdainguq gj bg}da

aftcndu |gqm Ndd Mwf"kdfjl. Ndd Wfjl"aid gu i sgugjl

uqis gj Hfsdij ciabgjqfj* Fjnw 3? wdisu fna. md gu

qmd ciabgjqfj ldjgtu qmiq qmd eftjqsw miu cddj

nffhgjl fs ugjed Uftqm Hfsdiu lfnadj aiwu f qmd

977?u |mdj _ish Kff"cfjl. atccda qmd Dbpdsfs

f Umtqqndefeh. stnda qmd gjqdsjiqgfjin isdji* Nddu

ytgeh qmgjhgjl djicndu mgb qf emijld mgu qieqgeu iu

jddada* Inn f mgu nglmqjgjl iuq ubiumdu. ufq asfp

umfqu. ija emijldu gj agsdeqgfj efbd |mdj mgufppfjdjq ndiuq d}pdequ qmdb* Ndd cdeibd ibftu

|mdj md |fj lfna iq qmd Cdgkgjl Fnwbpgeu. qmd

wftjlduq"dds lfna bdainguq gj Fnwbpge ciabgjqfj*

Md |gnn cd glmqgjl fs mgu udefja Fnwbpge lfna

bdain qmgu wdis |gqm mgu pisqjds Ktjl Kid"utjl gj qmd

bdju aftcndu*

QSigjgjl `FS lF

Efiem Utjl Mij"hth

qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqg

ciabgjqfj qdib

Qmd qdib gu uemdatndaqf efbpdqd gj jtbdsftugjqdsjiqgfjin efbpdqgqgfjucd`fsd qmd Nfjafj FnwbpQmd efbpdqgqgfju |gnn cd i

lsdiq |iw `fs qmd pniwdsu hddp gj umipd ija ldq tudagjqdsjiqgfjin biqemdu*

9 NDD Wfjl"aid qsigju qfefbpdqd gj qmd bdjuaftcndu aggugfj*3 Qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqgfqdib gu sdiaw qf efbpdqd gjqdsjiqgfjin biqemdu*5 Fnwbpge qsigjgjl iq qmdQidjdtjl Qsigjgjl Edjqdsgj `tnn u|gjl*

3

5

9

CIabgjqfj lfna

Qmd Hfsdij bdju aftcndu qdib f Ndd Wfjl"aid

ija Ktjl Kid"utjl etssdjqnw sijhu jtbcds q|f gj

qmd |fsna* Qmd Uftqm Hfsdij jiqgfjin qdib miu

pniwdsu gj qmd bdju ugjlndu. |fbdju aftcndu. ija

bg}da aftcndu inn sijhgjl gj qmd |fsnau qfp qdj*

Qmd jiqgfjin qdib miu inuf bishda sdefsau gj piuq

Fnwbpge Libdu* \gqm qmd d}edpqgfj f qmd 3???

Uwajdw Fnwbpge Libdu. qmd Hfsdij ciabgjqfj

qdib miu |fj i lfna bdain gj ddsw Fnwbpgeu ugjed

Updegin gUUtd

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

22/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem5=

mda gj Jd| Admg. Gjagi fj Kijtisw 90 ija 9< qmgu

wdis. qmd Umdspiu sdiemda ilsddbdjq fj ibfuq i

qmfsjw guutdu f qmd qd}q f qmd efbbtjgyt |gqm i

gd| qf jig{gjl qmd qd}q cdfsd qmd Udft utbbgq*

Qmd gji Umdspi bddqgjl gu uiqda qf qihd pied gj

Udft fj @sgaiw Bisem 35*

Qmd Udft Efbbtjgyt |g gjetad updegge

ieqgfju qf psddjq jtedis qdssfs iqqiehu. gjetagjl

dfsqu qf bgjgbg{d qmd mfagjl ija tud f utem

aijldsftu jtedis utcuqijedu iu mglmw djsgemda

tsijgtb ija ptqfjgtb. qf cdqqds psfqdeq jtedis

ieggqgdu. ija qf fsduqi gdli qsi`ehgjl f jtedis

biqdsgiu* Qmd efbbtjgyt |g iuf iaasduu utem

dbdslgjl guutdu iu qmd gjqdssdiqgfj cdq|ddj jtedis

udetsgqw ija jtedis uidqw iu |d iu bijildbdjq

f siagfieqgd biqdsgiu. |mgem mid cdefbd f

gjesdiugjl gjqdsduq ugjed qmd gsuq Jtedis Udetsgqw

Utbbgq gj \iumgjlqfj AE. gj 3?9?*

Qmd psdpisiqfsw udesdqisgiq miu psfeddada |gqm

i sijld f ptcgegqw ieqggqgdu qf fsld i efjudjutu

fj qmd utbbgq ija qmd guutdu ija qf dgegq |gads

sdupfjud ija effpdsiqgfj sfb qmd ptcge* Ibfjl

qmdud. gq mda updegi ddjqu iq Udft Uqiqgfj ija qmd

Udft D}psduu Ctu Qdsbgji fj Kijtisw 3? ija 39

fs qmfud |mf dq Udft fs qmdgs mfbdqf|ju fj qmd

feeiugfj f Udfi. fs qmd ntjis Jd| Wdisu mfgaiw*

Gq |g efjqgjtd |gqm qmdud dfsqu qf bihd qmd

utbbgq i utbbgq |gqm qmd ptcge*

I Uqdppgjl"Uqfjd `sfb AdenIsIqgfjU

qf Ieqgfj

Qmd 3?93 Udft Jtedis Udetsgqw Utbbgq gu uddj iu

i uqdppgjl"uqfjd qmsftlm |mgem qmd gjqdsjiqgfji

efbbtjgqw |g psfedda sfb adeisiqgfju qf

ieqgfj* Qmd utbbgq iuf igbu qf psdudjq i t

agsdeqgfj gj |mgem tqtsd liqmdsgjlu f qmd Jt

Udetsgqw Utbbgq |g bfd fj* Qmd gsuq Jt

Udetsgqw Utbbgq gj \iumgjlqfj adeisda ij gj

pfgqgei gugfj fj jtedis udetsgqw cw qmd m

f bfsd qmij 4? eftjqsgdu ija qmd sdpsdudjqi

f qmd TJ. GIDI. ija DT. ija qmd udefja Jte

Udetsgqw Utbbgq gj Udft |g fds ieqgfj"fsgd

gugfju ija updegge bdiutsdu qf qihd fj jt

udetsgqw gj fsads qf udq qmd |fsa sdd sfb qmd

f jtedis ija siagfieqgd qdssfs iqqiehu*

Qf qmgu dja. qmd tpefbgjl utbbgq igbu qf b

psflsduu fj ilsddbdjqu sdiemda iq qmd `suq Jt

Udetsgqw Utbbgq. qf gadjqgw jd| ildjai gqdb

ugljg`eijed. ija qf tsqmds eisgw qmd hdw fckde

f jtedis udetsgqw ija psfgad updegge ieqgfj

qihd fs qmdgs iemgddbdjq*

Udftu mfuqgjl f qmd udefja Jtedis Udet

Utbbgq gu bdijgjlt iu gq gjageiqdu qmiq Uf

Hfsdi gu jf| ieqgdw pisqgegpiqgjl gj b

aguetuugfju fj gjqdsjiqgfji udetsgqw gj qmd p

Efa \is dsi. |mgem udq gjqf ijfqmds pmiud gj

|ihd f qmd 7&99 qdssfs iqqieh*

Jtedis udetsgqw gu dbdslgjl iu fjd f qmd b

esgqgei gjqdsjiqgfji udetsgqw guutdu gj qmgu pfuq"

\is dsi. ij duudjqgi psdsdytgugqd fs jtedis i

sdateqgfj. jtedis jfj"psfgdsiqgfj. pdiedt

f jtedis pf|ds. ija tqgbiqdw i |fsa |gq

jtedis isbu*

Uftqm Hfsdi gu sdiaw qf piw i estegi sf

umipgjl qmd jd| gjqdsjiqgfji udetsgqw fsads i

emigs eftjqsw f qmd 3?93 Udft Jtedis Udet

Utbbgq*

Udesdqisgiq. |mgem gu da cw Uftqm Hfsdij @fsdglj

Iigsu ija Qsiad Bgjguqds Hgb Utjl"m|ij. efudw

efjutqda |gqm qmd lfdsjbdjqu f qmd sftlmw

4? eftjqsgdu ija fts gjqdsjiqgfji fslijg{iqgfju

gjetagjl qmd Tjgqda Jiqgfju qmiq isd lfgjl qf

iqqdja qmd utbbgq* Qmd udesdqisgiq iuf fetudu fj

ptcgegqw ija ptcge agpfbiew iu qmd emigs eftjqsw

f qmd utbbgq gj fsads qf mdp sigud i|isdjduu f

qmd gbpfsqijed f jtedis udetsgqw ija ptcgeg{d

qmd d}pdeqda ftqefbd f qmd utbbgq iq mfbd ija

icsfia*

Qmd Udft Efbbtjgyt. |mgem gu qf cd iafpqda

iu ij ftqefbd f qmd utbbgq. miu cddj ibfuq

efbpdqdw mibbdsda ftq qmsftlm efjutqiqgfj*

Iq qmd qmgsa Umdspi bddqgjl. i psdpisiqfsw bddqgjl

Qmd 3?93 Udft Jtedis Udetsgqw Utbbgq. fsqmd 3?93 Udft JUU. qf aguetuu |iwu qf cdqqdseffpdsiqd gj gjqdsjiqgfji udetsgqw gu fjw i bfjqm

i|iw* Qmd utbbgq |g psgbisgw iaasduu jtedis

udetsgqw ija jtedis uidqw fj Bisem 30 ija 3

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

23/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem1?

_ISH JtlII Bdagein Afeqfs Eisgjl fs @gngpgjfu

As* _ish Jtli miu sdiada md cieh|ffau ija umijwf|ju f` md _mgngppgjdu `fs icft

34 wdisu f psfgad `sdd bdagein udsged* Migjl mgbudn` cddj dsbgjinnw gnn |gm eijeds.

mgu std efnfsu umgjd msftlm mgu lffa addau ddj bfsd* qfaiw md iligj udu ft f|isa i

sdbfd gnnild |gm mgu udmfuefpd isftja mgu jdeh* cw Hgb Bgj"udfj

Mgb qf lgd bd ktuq qmsdd bfsd bfjqmu qf ngd ija

qsdiq qmd ugeh. ija qmiq jd| ngd f qmsdd bfjqmu

miu niuqda qmgu nfjl. efjduudu As* _ish* Cdeitud G

hjf| qmd pigj f cdgjl ugeh. G tjadsuqija qmd pigju

f qmd ugeh cdqqds ija eisd icftq qmdb ddj bfsd*

Mgu gnnjduu csftlmq mgb jdisds qf qmd pigju ija

ilfjgdu f mgu piqgdjqu* Uqijagjl fj qmd dsld f

adiqm uddsin qgbdu. md adegada qf |inh mgu ngd piqm

iu i bguugfjisw"bdagein afeqfs bfsd igqmtnnw* Md

mgbudn lsd| tp iu i pffs cfw gj i stsin isdi ija

utdsda sfb agudiud* Qmiq gu |mw md qmgjhu md miu

cddj bfnada ija umipda fs qmgu bguugfj cdqqds

qmij ijwcfaw dnud* Ufbd uddj wdisu mid piuuda

ugjed md |iu agiljfuda |gqm btnqgpnd efjagqgfju.

ctq md uqgnn sdiemdu ftq qf qmfud gj sdbfqd isdiu* Md

`jau mgbudn mdinqmgds ija bfsd djdsldqge qsdiqgjl

gnnildsu f pffs isdiu*

Gj 3??1. md sdjfiqda i ctu iu i bdagein

udsged dmgend* Gq gu dsw fna. uf md sdytdjqnw miu

csdihaf|ju ija miu qf uqfp fj qmd sfia qf bihd

sdpigsu. ctq qmiq afdu jfq uqfp mgb sfb sdiemgjl

ftq* Q|f wdisu ilf. md fpdjda i ubinn engjge fj

qmd ftquhgsqu f Bijgni* Md jibda qmd engjge Jtli

Bguugfj Bdagein Edjqds. ija ugeh pdfpnd |mf

eijjfq ifsa piga bdagein eisd efbd qf qmd engjge

qf udd mgb* _iqgdjqu md bddqu fj bdagein qsgpu isd

mfupgqing{da ija sdedgd fpdsiqgfju mdsd. qff*

Cfqm mgu qsdiqbdjq ija bdagegjdu isd sdd f

emisld* Mgu engjge ija mgu fntjqdds ieqggqgdu isd

bfuqnw tjada cw afjiqgfju sfb emtsemdu ija mgu

ieytigjqijedu gj Uftqm Hfsdi*

As* _ish Jtli cdngddu qmiq md jddau qf cd

|mdsdds qmd piqgdjqu jdda mgb* Qmiq gu |mw md gu

gj qmd _mgngppgjdu*

9 Gj disnw @dcstisw f` 3?HCU nbda i afetbdjqisudsgdu icftq qmd uqfsw f` A_ish Jtli qgqnda Nfd iuiu gq mtsqu*3 As* _ish qsiju`fsbda i gjqf i bdagein dmgend qf aqf sdbfqd gnnildu*

Ctq qmdsd isd bfsd pniedu isd gjieeduugcnd cw ctu*

Ufbd einn mgb qmd _duqinf{{g f qmd _mgngppgjdu*_ish Jtli. i Uftqm Hfsdij utsldfj. miupsfgada sdd bdagein udsged gj qmd _mgngppgjdu

fs jdisnw i ytisqds edjqtsw* Md miu gugqda bfsd

qmij 4? sdbfqd gnnildu ija untbu iu i fntjqdds

bdagein afeqfs* Ufbd f qmd gnnildu sdytgsd fds i

jgjd"mfts asgd. ija ufbd isd gjieeduugcnd cw eis.

sdytgsgjl mgb qf |inh qmd sduq f qmd |iw* Ufbd isd

udpisiqda cw engu ija efjjdeqda cw fjnw qmd bfuq

stagbdjqisw sfpd ffq csgald* Ufbd ddj sdytgsd

mgb qf engbc i bftjqigj cisdffq |gqm i ciehpieh

tnn f bdagegjd*

I nfjl etd f gnnildsu fsbu tpfj mgu issgin

gnnildsu |igqgjl qf udd mgb fs qmdgs gnnjduudu.

nglmq iu i ugbpnd efna fs udsgftu djftlm qf sdytgsd

ngd"emijlgjl d}pdsgdjed atsgjl |mgem md ippngda

mgu uhgnnu ija lid mgu qgbd qf uid psdegftu ngdu* Md

adegada qf fsdlf mgu asdib f cdefbgjl i utsldfj

ija ndiagjl i efbfsqicnd ngd ija gjuqdia biad

tp mgu bgja qf adfqd mgu ngd qf qmd bguugfj f

psfgagjl bdagein udsgedu gj sdbfqd isdiu* Md ddj

sguhda mgu ngd qf udsd gj i sdlgfj tjads qmd efjqsfn

f Btungb sdcdnu fj qmd gunija f Bgjaijif* Iqds

lsiatiqgjl sfb bdagein uemffn. md uqtagda qmdfnflw

qf cdefbd i bguugfjisw"bdagein afeqfs* Gj ieq. mgu

Hfsdij jibd. Jtli. gu i qsijungqdsiqgfj f qmd jibd

f qmd Ipfuqnd Nthd. |mf mgbudn |iu i bguugfjisw"

bdagein afeqfs icftq 3.??? wdisu ilf*

Iqds lsiatiqgfj ija bissgild. md sdqtsjda qf qmd

_mgngppgjdu. jf| |gqm i |gd ija i fjd"wdis"fna ufj*

Iqds wdisu f nggjl gj qmd Uftqmdiuq Iugij eftjqsw.

mgu |gd utllduqda qmiq qmdw lf cieh qf Hfsdi fs

utem sdiufju iu qmdgs emgnasdju dateiqgfj. ctq md

sdbigjda iu adqdsbgjda iu dds qf uqiw* Md eftna

jfq ndid qmd ugeh pdfpnd |mf bglmq jdda mgb. ija

uf gq eibd qf cd qmiq md adegada qf sdbigj gj qmd

_mgngppgjdu infjd*

Wdu. md gu nfjdufbd. nggjl udpisiqdnw sfb mgu

ibgnw gj i fsdglj eftjqsw. ctq qmd lsdiqds eminndjld

md iedu gu mgu f|j igngjl mdinqm* Gj 9773. md |iu

agiljfuda |gqm pijesdiqge eijeds gj qmd disnw uqildu

ija tjads|djq utsldsw. ctq gj 3??1. md mia qf lf

qmsftlm q|f bfsd utsldsgdu qf qsdiq uqfbiem eijeds*

Qf bihd biqqdsu |fsud. md |iu efjudytdjqnw

agiljfuda gj 3??7 |gqm ngds egssmfugu ija agicdqdu*

Qmd afeqfsu aga jfq qmgjh md mia bfsd qmij q|f

bfjqmu qf ngd*

Iq qmiq qgbd. G psiwda qf Lfa ija d}pdsgdjeda

Mgb pdsufjinnw* \gqm i udsijqu mdisq. G cdllda

9

dbdsldjew eisd* I qdbpfsisw fpdsiqgjl sffb biw

cd udq tp fs ij dbdsldjew piqgdjq. fs qmd piqgdjq gu

gbbdagiqdnw udjq qf i mfupgqin gj Bijgni. qmd jiqgfju

eipgqin*

I nieh f psfpds bdagein dytgpbdjq ija ij

icudjed f jtsudu bihd mgu kfc ddj bfsd eminndjl"

gjl* \mdj mdu ntehw djftlm qf ifsa qmd mdnp f

Uftqm Hfsdij uqtadjqu uqtawgjl gj q md _mgngppgjdu

fs fqmds fntjqddsu. md eij tutinnw udd inn qmfud

|igqgjl gj qmd nfjl etd. ija qmd aiw djau fj i

cnguutn jfqd*

Ufbdqgbdu. As* _ish sdedgdu dsw cia jd|u* I

d| bfjqmu ilf. md sdedgda mdisq"csdihgjl jd|u

fj i bdagein qsgp qf i umijqwqf|j jibda Qfjaf.

Bijgniu liscild atbp* Md mia cddj qmdsd cdfsd

ija qsdiqda i udsgftunw binjftsgumda cicw cfw*

Md gugqda qmd gnnild iligj ufbdqgbd niqds |gqm

dndeqsfnwqd ija jtqsgqgfjin utppndbdjqu qf lgd mgb

fjnw qf mdis md mia piuuda i|iw icftq i bfjqm

disngds*

Bfuq f qmd pdfpnd mdsd mid jdds cddj qf

i engjge fs mfupgqin gj qmdgs djqgsd ngdu* I bgjfs

agudiud qmiq eftna diugnw cd etsda gj Uftqm Hfsdi

cdefbdu udsgftu mdsd |gqmftq qgbdnw qsdiqbdjq*

Qmiq csdihu bw mdisq. adpnfsdu As* _ish. iaagjl. G

eijq mdnp ctq cnibd bwudn qmiq G umftna mid efbd

disngds qf qihd eisd f qmdb*

Enfud qf qmd _igju ija ilfjgdu f`

qmd ugEh

Gq |iujq mgu asdib qf fntjqdds fs bdagein udsgedu

|mdj md djqdsda bdagein efnndld* Gq |iu ugbpnw

cw emijed qmiq md |djq qf qmd _mgngppgjdu fj i

bdagein fntjqdds qsgp atsgjl i ieiqgfj* Gq |iu i

Utbbgq Agpnfbiew

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

24/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem13

Qmd gjqdsjiqgfjin fgn bishdqu mid cddj sfehdacw d}pdeqiqgfju qmiq \duqdsj eftjqsgdu |gnngbpfud uijeqgfju fj Gsijgij fgn d}pfsqu iq ijw

qgbd* Gj sdupfjud. eftjqsgdu isftja qmd |fsna mid

bfda ytgehnw qf udetsd sdngicnd inqdsjiqgd uftsedu

f estad fgn* @fs gjuqijed. Emgjdud _sdbgds \DJ

Kgicif gugqda Uitag Isicgi. qmd Tjgqda Isic Dbgsiqdu

-TID'. ija Yiqis disngds qmgu wdis* Kipij miu cddj

ieqgjl nghd|gud gj i cga qf ligj ieeduu qf iaagqgfjin

utppngdu f estad fgn. g jddada*

Uftqm Hfsdi gu jf d}edpqgfj* Qmd eftjqsw gu qmd

qdjqm nislduq djdslw efjutbds gj qmd |fsna. ctq gqu

djdslw gjatuqsw gu jfq dsw efbpdqgqgd* Gq inuf niehu

ij iadytiqd pffn f psfduugfjin mtbij sduftsedu*

Endisnw. Uftqm Hfsdi gu gj i dsw psdeisgftu uqiqd ija

btuq udetsd uqicnd utppngdu gj fsads qf ddeqgdnw

efbpdqd gj qmd lnfcin isdji* Qmgu gu |mw qmdsd |dsd

utem mglm d}pdeqiqgfju f _sdugadjq Nddu gugq qf qmd

Bgaand Diuq qmiq gq |ftna djicnd sdngicnd utppngdu f

iaagqgfjin estad fgn gj qmd gjqdsjiqgfjin fgn bishdqu*

\iu qmd cga uteeduutn6 Wdu*

Qmd Cgl Qmsdd _ndald UtCUQijQgin

Eff_dsiQgfj

Qmd qmsdd Ltn eftjqsgdu f Uitag Isicgi. Yiqis.

ija qmd TID. |mgem _sdugadjq Ndd sdedjqnw gugqda.

ieeftjq fs icftq min f Uftqm Hfsdiu qfqin estad

gbpfsqu. |gqm umisdu f 59*1 pdsedjq. 9?*? pdsedjq.

ija 7*1 pdsedjq sdupdeqgdnw* Gsij ieeftjqu fs

ijfqmds 7*< pdsedjq. ctq nghdnw iedu uijeqgfju cw

qmd gjqdsjiqgfjin efbbtjgqw fs gqu fj lfgjl asgd

qf addnfp jtendis |dipfju* Gj qmd ddjq qmiq

uijeqgfju isd gbpfuda ija Uftqm Hfsdi eijjfq_sdugadjq Ndd Pgugqu Qtshdw ijaQmsdd Ltn` UqiqduCsdihqmsftlm gj sdupfjagjl qfqmd lnfcin defjfbge esgugu

Uftqm Hfsdij _sdugadjq Ndd Bwtjl"cih gugqda Qtshdw. Uitag Isicgi. Yiqis. ija

qmd Tjgqda Isic Dbgsiqdu -TID' sfb @dcstisw 1 qf 99* Qmd qsgp wgdnada i sijld f

ftqefbdu gjentagjl pndaldu fs dbdsldjew utppngdu f fgn gj qmd ddjq f gbpfugqgfj f

uijeqgfju fj Qdmsij ija i cdqqds pfugqgfj fs Uftqm Hfsdij efbpijgdu qf pisqgegpiqd gj

lfdsjbdjq psfkdequ*cw Ndd U"b

gbpfsq estad fgn sfb Gsij. gq |gnn jdeduuisgnw m

qf gjesdiud fgn gbpfsqu sfb fqmds fgn psfat

qf bgjgbg{d qmd iadsud gbpieq fj qmd afb

gjatuqsw*

_sdugadjq Ndd sdedgda iuutsijedu sfb U

Isicgi qmiq qmd hgjlafb |ftna ieefbbf

ijw sdytduq fs bfsd fgn sfb qmd Uftqm Hfs

lfdsjbdjq fs efbpijgdu* Qf qmgu dja. qmd

eftjqsgdu |gnn mid qmd qm Uftqm Hfsdi"Uitag Is

bddqgjl fj pdqsfndtb ija bgjdsin sduftsedu dis

qmd `suq min f qmgu wdis qf aguetuu updeg`e bdiu

qf djutsd uqicnd djdslw utppnw fs Uftqm Hfsdi*

Yiqis inuf pndalda qmiq gq |ftna d}qdja

tnn effpdsiqgfj* Qmd q|f eftjqsgdu uglj

bdbfsijatb f tjadsuqijagjl qf d}pnfsd ts

effpdsiqgfj fppfsqtjgqgdu gj djdslw ija ji

sduftsedu iu |dnn iu gj gjatuqsw*

Fj qmd `jin ndl f qmgu fts"aiw qfts. _sdugadj

mia qinhu |gqm Esf|j _sgjed Umdghm Bfmib

cgj [iwda in"Jimiwij f Ict Amicg f qmd Tj

Isic Dbgsiqdu. gj |mgem qmd Esf|j _sgjed iuu

_sdugadjq Ndd qmiq qmd TID |ftna psfgad iaagqg

estad fgn g jdeduuisw* Jfqicnw. qmd q|f ndi

sdefjgsbda qmiq Uftqm Hfsdi |ftna mid

psgfsgqw sglmqu qf ptsemiud tp qf 5??.??? ci

f estad fgni i aiw ftq f dbdsldjew gjesdiud

psfateqgfj*

Qmdw inuf ilsdda qf gjh i bigj ilsddbdjq fs

addnfpbdjq f qmsdd fgn gdnau gj qmd TID cw d

jd}q bfjqm* Qmd ugljgjl f qmd bigj ilsddbdjq

fsglgjinnw cddj uniqda fs qmd udefja min f qmgu w

ctq qmd psflsduu ieedndsiqda ugljg`eijqnw cdfsd

gugq* Qmd psfpfuin miu insdiaw piuuda qmd Qdem

Uftqm Hfsdi ija Qtshdw ilsddaqf efjentad @QI jdlfqgiqgfjucw qmd suq min` f` qmgu wdis*

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

25/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem11

Efbbgqqdd f qmd Utpsdbd _dqsfndtb Eftjegn ija

i|igqu qmd Eftjegnu jin adegugfj*

nisld EfjUQstEQgfj _sfkdEQU f_dj

affsU Qf Hfsdij Efb_ijgdU

Qmd ftqefbd f _sdugadjq Nddu sdedjq gugq qf qmd

Bgaand Diuq |iu |dnn sdedgda iq mfbd iu gq miu

fpdjda tp bijw bfsd fppfsqtjgqgdu fs Uftqm

Hfsdij efbpijgdu qf bihd fsiwu gjqf qmd sdlgfj. gj

iaagqgfj qf udetsgjl sdngicnd utppngdu f sduftsedu*

Fgn psfategjl eftjqsgdu gj qmd Bgaand Diuq mid

qmsgda ibga qmd lnfcin gjijegin esgugu ija isd

pnijjgjl djfsbftu efjuqsteqgfj ija gjsiuqsteqtsd

psfkdequ qf gbpsfd ptcnge |dnisd* G Uftqm Hfsdij

efbpijgdu engjem fppfsqtjgqgdu qf pisqgegpiqd gj

ufbd f qmdud psfkdequ. qmd eftjqsw |gnn djkfw i

udefja Bgaand Diuq cffb gj efjuqsteqgfj. fnnf|gjl

qmd gsuq cffb gj qmd 97

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

26/29

hfsdi 3?93 bisem10

Ngqqnd Cfqqndu f Mdipdj

Efubdqgeu umfpu gj Hfsdi isd tnn f utspsgudu* Qmdsd isd djanduu udndeqgfju f sfuw

ngpuqgehu. bgjg piehildu f stgqw iegin biuhu. ija ddj lffagd cilu `nnda |gqm

efbpngbdjqisw lgqu* Ntegiji sfb Isldjqgji einnu gq i asdibnija*cw Ntegiji AIcsibf & gnntuqsiqgfj cw Hgb Wfjl"bg

Inn |fbdj isftja qmd |fsna umisd iq ndiuq fjdqmgjl gj efbbfj; qmdw |ijq qf ddn cditqgtnija updegin* \mdj |d |dsd ngqqnd lgsnu. |d ij}gftunw

|igqda qf cdefbd tnn"lsf|j |fbdj ija |dis

bihdtp ija tud inn hgjau f cditqw psfatequ* G

sdbdbcds iu i ngqqnd lgsn updjagjl mftsu ugqqgjl jd}q

qf bw bfqmds. |iqemgjl mds |gqm iuegjiqgfj iu

umd ippngda mds bihdtp ddsw bfsjgjl* F eftsud

G |ftna ujdih isftja |gqm bw sgdjau qswgjl fj

ddswqmgjl |d eftna ldq fts mijau fj ija psdqdja

qf cd psgjeduudu ija ieqsduudu*

G hjd| qmiq G |iu jf nfjlds qmiq ngqqnd lgsn |mdj G

|iu ieda |gqm qmd eminndjld f migjl qf ctw bw

f|j bihdtp* G eftnajq sduguq ctwgjl ij gqdb gj

ddsw efubdqgeu umfp G djeftjqdsda* Gj bw eftjqsw.

Isldjqgji. |fbdj nfd qf bihd qmdbudndu nffh

cditqgtn ija updja i nfq f qgbd ija bfjdw fj qmd

niqduq cditqw ija iumgfj psfatequ* Bw sgdjau ija

G djkfwda ij feeiugfjin efubdqgeu umfppgjl upsdd.

ija G qmftlmq G hjd| ddswqmgjl qmdsd |iu qf hjf|

icftq efubdqgeu* Qmiq |iu cdfsd G eibd qf Uftqm

Hfsdi*

ddsw |fbiju asdib

\mdj G suq eibd qf Udftn gj 3??7. G |iu tjibgngis

|gqm qmd utssftjagjlu* G adegada qf qfts qmd

egqw. ija bw gsuq uqfp |iu i pfptnis adpisqbdjq

uqfsd gj Bwdfjl"afjl* Qmd umdds fntbd ija

d}qdjugd udndeqgfj f psfatequ iignicnd |dsd ytgqd

fds|mdnbgjl. ctq G qmftlmq gq |iu ugbgnis qf ijw

fqmds adpisqbdjq uqfsd icsfia* G |iu icftq qf ndid

|mdj G jinnw sding{da qmiq ij djqgsd nddn |iu nnda

|gqm efubdqge umfpu* Gq |iu mtld ija tnn f uf

bijw agdsdjq csijau. bijw f |mgem G mia jdds

uddj fs mdisa f cdfsd* G |iu inuf utspsguda cw

qmd agdsdjq isgdqgdu f qmd uibd qwpd f psf

inn jdiqnw utcaggada fj qmd csglmq eftjqd

updjq bfsd qmij ij mfts |inhgjl sfb fjd c

qf ijfqmds iabgsgjl qmd cfqqndu f dwd esdi

ngpuqgehu. ija dwd umiaf|u* G eftna udd qmiq qmd u

dbpnfwddu |dsd ubgngjl ija sdiaw qf iuuguq

ctq G |iu uqgnn fds|mdnbda ija |iujq utsd |m

|ijqda qf ctw* Qmiq |iu |mdj G |iu sdbgjada

G |iu uqgnn fj i qfts. ija G ndq qmd adpisqbdjq uqf

G ndq qmd adpisqbdjq uqfsd qmgjhgjl qmiq i |

`ffs ngjda |gqm ijew cditqw cftqgytdu |iu d

|fbiju asdib* Gq |iu psfcicnw qmd pnied |

ddsw Hfsdij |fbij |djq qf gja psfateq

pibpds mdsudn* G bdsdnw iuutbda qmiq qmgu |iu

fjnw utem pnied. ctq G ytgehnw sding{da mf| |sf

|iu |mdj G |inhda infjl qmd bigj uqsddq f Bwd

afjl* Cdq|ddj qmd udi f pdfpnd ija jdfj ng

G eftna upfq bfsd qmij i af{dj efubdqgeu umfp

i lnijed* Qmd umfpu |dsd inn adefsiqda gj agd

efnfsu ija uqwndu. ija qmdw |dsd esf|ada

etuqfbdsu* Diem f qmdb fdsda qmftuijau f

fpqgfju* G eftnajq cdngdd bw dwdu) Ija ddj cd

G eftna sdbgja bwudn fjed bfsd qmiq G jddad

d}pnfsd fqmds pniedu. G |iu asi|j mdnpnduunw

fjd f qmd umfpu cw i niaw |mf ptq i ubinn ciuhd

bw mija* Qmd ciuhdq insdiaw nnda |gqm ubinn cf

ija piehdqu f bihdtp qf lgd i|iw* Qmd

ubgnda ija uiga Udsged. i Hfjlngum |fsa bdi

lgd"i|iw lffau fs udsgedu* G tjadsuqffa qmdj

umd |iu lggjl bd qmfud psfatequ ktuq cdeitud G

djqdsgjl qmd umfp* G agajq mid qf ctw ijwqmgjl

nffhgjl isftja |iu djftlm* G qmdj sding{da qm

mia djqdsda ijfqmds asdibnija*

Fjed bfsd. ddsw umdn |iu tnn f jd| psfat

gj isgftu umipdu ija ug{du. nifsu. uedjqu.

8/2/2019 KOREA magazine [MARCH 2012 VOL. 9 NO. 3]

27/29

efnfsu* G aguefdsda jfq fjnw qmiq Hfsdij umfpu

fdsda mtld udndeqgfju ctq qmiq qmd Hfsdiju mia

sdgjdjqda |iwu f ippnwgjl ija tugjl efjdjqgfjin

psfatequ* G mia qf ndq lf f inn bw psdefjedpqgfju f

mf| efubdqgeu umftna nffh*

Iqds pniwgjl mgad ija uddh |gqm qmd dbpnfwddu

fs ufbd bgjtqdu G adegada