What You Should Know About Your

Car Engine

Lets Start!

Car Engine

Engine

Car engine is not a single unit but built up from different size components with specific function each.

Parts can be categorized into Mechanical &

Electrical parts.

Engine Spares

Mechanical Component

1- Tappet Cover

2- Engine Head

3- Engine Block

4- Engine Oil Sump

5- Cam Shaft

6- Crank Shaft

7- Piston

8- Fuel Pump

9- Valves

10- Rocker arm

11- Crank case

12- Connecting Rod

13- Engine Oil

14- Filters

Electrical Component

1- Alternator

2- self starter

3- Spark Plug

4- Electric Fuel Injector

5- Ignition Coil

6- Battery

Use Of Spares

Mechanical Component

Tappet Cover

Tappet cover is located on cylinder

head

Tappet cover is used to keep engine oil

in & dirt oil out. This part is seen in

internal combustion engines.

Use Of Tappet

Cover

Engine Head

Engine head is a part which is

fixed on the top of cylinder block,

houses & valves.

Engine head is bolted to cylinder

block with head gasket and cam

shaft also.

Inlet & exhaust ports are also

machined in head.

Use Of

Engine Head

Engine Block

Use Of Engine Block

Part of the engine where cylinder located is called engine block or cylinder block.

Engine cylinder is a part where fuel is admitted in a reciprocating motion of piston obtained by

burning it.

Engine cylinder characterized in bore & stroke, bore represents inner diameter & stroke is the

distance travel by piston.

Engine Oil Sump

Use Of Engine Oil

Sump

Engine oil is stored in an

oil chamber called engine

oil sump.

Engine is oil lifted by oil

pump from sump through a

wire mesh strainer which

retains debris & dirt.

Cam Shaft

Use Of

Cam Shaft

Cam shaft is a shaft in which cams are fitted

or machined.

Function of cam shaft is to operate valves

directly by sitting over or indirectly through a

mechanism.

Opening or closing of valves is governed by

camshaft which is coupled to crank shaft

either directly through a reduction gear or

indirectly through a pulley and timing belt.

Crank Shaft

Use Of

Crank

Shaft

Crank shaft has

projection bent

& offset from

the shaft axis of

engineCrankshaft is

placed below

the cylinder

block in a

casing

Crank shaft

converts the

sliding motion

obtained from the

piston into rotary

motion

Piston & Piston Ring

Piston diameter is

slightly less than bore

of cylinder

Piston rings are fitted in piston &

in direct contact with cylinder liner

to prevent piston wear

Piston is a cylindrical

part which moves up

& down in cylinder.

Use Of Piston

& Rings

Fuel Pump

Fuel pump sprays pressurized fuel in to the

cylinder & fuel gets ignited when it comes

in contact with the air.

The fuel pump consists of a spring loaded

piston valve in a cylinder. When fuel from the

fuel filter is introduced in the fuel pump, the

spring loaded piston applies pressure

Use Of Fuel Pump

Valves

Use Of ValvesValves are used in IC engines called poppet

valves.

Valves function is to take fresh charge & exhaust

waste gases.

Rocker Arm

Use Of Rocker Arm

Rocker arm rocks or

oscillates a fixed pivot

rod in cylinder head.

Rocker arm transmits

rotary motion of cam or

crank shaft through a

tappet.

Crank Case

Use Of crank Case

The crankcase encloses

crank shaft, connecting rod

& protect from dust , dirt

materials.

The metallic housing in

which crank shaft is placed

called crank case.

Connecting Rod

Use Of

Connecting Rod

Connecting rod

connects piston to crank

shaft

It converts the linear

motion of the piston into

rotary motion of the

crank

Engine Oil

Use of

Engine Oil

Engine oil lubricates engine

spares and helps in running

smoothly.

Always change engine oil as

per service instruction or

after every 3000 miles.

Filters

Use Of Filters

Fuel filter restricts the flow of

fuel & it also collects debris

that would pass through

carburetor.

Always change filters as per

service manual of car,

otherwise calculate the miles

you run.

Electrical Components

Alternator

Use Of

Alternator

It is an AC generator which

charges car’s battery and

power the electrical system

when car running.

Alternator is a device which

converts mechanical energy

to electrical energy.

Self Starter

U

S

E

Self starter is used for engine start. To

accomplish this, the starter motor is

connected to a key operated switch and a

starting battery.

When ignition switch is on, the circuit is

completed and it pushes out pinion of motor

shaft which goes into mesh with flywheel

gear.

Spark Plug

Use of

Spark Plug

Spark plug ignites fuel

in combustion chamber

at the end of

compression stroke.

Spark plug fitted in

cylinder head on the

underside of

combustion chamber

threads on plug body.

Electric Fuel Injector

Use of Fuel

Injector

It controls injection process

so that required amount of

fuel is injected into the

cylinder before firing.

It helps in proper fuel

distribution, improve engine

performance and lesser

maintenance.

Ignition Coil

Ignition coil generates voltage to be supplied

to spark plug.

It has two coils, primary & secondary;

primary is connected to battery & secondary to

the capacitor.

Use Of Ignition Coil

Battery

Battery Use

Battery role is important

for a car, it provides

electricity for all type of

function.

Always check battery

condition & acid level

for better performance.

Check the car engine regularly & do preventing

maintenance in proper time for a long life.

Thank You

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