kk day 2 am 5th speaker agung cocoa breedingprogressinindonesia
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![Page 1: Kk day 2 am 5th speaker AGUNG cocoa breedingprogressinindonesia](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062615/54821899b4af9fa50d8b46c4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CURRENT STATUS OF COCOA
PLANTING MATERIALS IN
INDONESIA
INDONESIAN COFFEE AND COCOA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Jl. PB Sudirman No. 90 Jember 68118 Indonesia, Phone: +62(0331)757130,
Fax +62(0331)757131, website : www.iccri.net. E-mail : [email protected].
Agung Wahyu Susilo
E-mail : [email protected]
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BREEDING STRATEGY
Crossing &
Selection
Adaptability Test
INTRODUCTION
EXPLORATION
SELECTION
Germplasm
collection
PROMISING CLONE/HYBRID
Evaluation
Unselected
genotypes
Individual &
population selection
RECOMMENDED
CLONE/HYBRID
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THE 1st GENERATION (Fine-cocoa era)
• Time : 1912—1970s.
• Focused to select fine-cocoa clones.
• Breeding materials is the introduced hybrid of Trinitario.
• Main issue : flavor
• Based in Java.
• Planting materials distributed just for big plantation.
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The selected clones
DR 1 DR 2 DR 38 DRC 16
• Yield (tones/ha) :
• A dry bean (g) :
• Self Compatibility :
• PPR resistance :
• VSD resistance :
2.16
1.21
SC
S
S
1.54
1.19
SC
R
S
1.50
1.36
SI
S S
1.50
1.47
SC
S
S
GC 7
2.0
1.24
SI
S
S
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THE 2nd GENERATION (Bulk-cocoa era)
• Time : 1970s—1990s
• Focused to select bulk-cocoa clones & hybrids
• Breeding materials is Forastero Upper Amazon Hybrids which be introduced from Malaysia & some introduced clones. .
• Main issue : Productivity & quality
• Based in Sumatra.
• The selected clones are mainly distributed for big plantation.
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The selected clones
ICS 13 ICS 60 TSH 858
• Yield (tones/ha) :
• A dry bean (g) :
• Self Compatibility :
• PPR resistance :
• Fat content (%) :
• VSD resistance :
• CPB resistance :
1.83
1.05
SC
M
52
S
S
1.50
1.67
SI
M
54
M
S
1.76
1.15
SI
M
56
S
S
RCC 70 PA 300 NIC 7
1.40
1.14
-
M
54
M
-
2.28
1.18
SC
M
57
S
-
1.65
1.50
SC
M
53
S
-
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THE 3rd GENERATION (Pest-Disease era)
• Time : 1990s—now
• Focus to select both of the bulk-cocoa clones, fine-cocoa clones, and hybrids
• Breeding materials is hybrids population of Trinitario. • Main issue : Productivity, quality & pest/disease resistance
• National based area.
• Planting materials were already distributed for big plantation & cocoa smallholder. Some are still in developmental phase.
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The selected clones
ICCRI 01 ICCRI 02
• Yield (tones/ha) :
• A dry bean (g) :
• Self Compatibility :
• PPR resistance :
• VSD resistance :
2.37
1.32
SC
R
S
2.50
1.36
SC
R
S
Fine-cocoa
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ICCRI 03 ICCRI 04
• Yield (tones/ha) :
• A dry bean (g) :
• Self Compatibility :
• PPR resistance :
• Fat content (%) :
• VSD resistance :
2.19
1.18
-
R
55
MS
2.16
1.12
-
R
55
MR
The selected clones Bulk-cocoa
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ICCRI 06H- Hybrid
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CPB-resistant clone
Sulawesi-3
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CPB-resistant clone
ICCRI 07
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PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH
OF COCOA FARMER ON
BREEDING ACTIVITY IN
INDONESIA
INDONESIAN COFFEE AND COCOA RESEARCH INSTITUTE Jl. PB Sudirman No. 90 Jember 68118 Indonesia, Phone: +62(0331)757130,
Fax +62(0331)757131, website : www.iccri.net. E-mail : [email protected].
Agung Wahyu Susilo
E-mail : [email protected]
![Page 14: Kk day 2 am 5th speaker AGUNG cocoa breedingprogressinindonesia](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062615/54821899b4af9fa50d8b46c4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH ON
CLONE SELECTION
• Based on basic intuitive farmer select the intended tree of vigorous genotype for their planting.
• Pioneer work by pioneer farmer.
• Initially mediated by extension.
• Participative farmer depend on the training program.
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CRITERIA OF THE PREFFERED
LOCAL CLONE
• Continuously produce fruit to sustain
home income during the year.
• High productivity (1.5—2.0 tones/ha/yr).
• Easily be propagated by using side-grafting or top grafting in the field.
• Resistance to CPB or VSD.
• Quality - buyer would give premium price for the beans.
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Candidate of
Superior Tree
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Candidate of Superior Clone (Local Clone)
from SouthSulawesi, Indonesia
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Candidate of Superior Clone(Local Clone)
In West Sumatera, Indonesia
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Candidate of Superior Clone(Local Clone)
In North Sumatera, Indonesia
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Candidate for Fine Flavor Cocoa
in East Java
Promising to VSD
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Thanks You