Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Thin ThchTuyn Ha Thng Nhn ging thut

MC LC:

Phn Duyn Khi Phm Th Nht - Thn Thng Trn Cung Tri ao Li: Phm Th Hai - Phn Thn Tp Hi Phm Th Ba - Qun Chng Sanh Nghip Duyn Phm Th T: Nghip Cm Ca Chng Sanh Ci Dim Ph Phm Th Nm: Danh Hiu Ca a Ngc Phm Th Su: Nh Lai Tn Thn Phm Th By: Li ch Cho C K Cn Ngi Mt Phm Th Tm: Cc Vua Dim La v Quyn Thuc Khen Ngi Phm Th Chn: Xng Danh Hiu Ch Pht Phm Th Mi: Nhn Duyn v So snh Cng c B Th Phm Th Mi Mt: a Thn H Php Phm Th Mi Hai: Thy, Nghe u c Li ch Phm Th Mi Ba: Giao Ph Cho Tri Ngi Phn Ph Lc

Cha Vn Pht

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Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Duyn Khi Ca Php Hi Ging KinhTt c mi ni u l o trng, Php Hi, cho nn bt c lc no v bt c u, chng ta cng u c th ging Kinh thuyt Php, tu tp, hnh tr c c. Mi lc u c th tu hnh, mi chn u l ni dng cng. Tu hnh th khng nn phn bit ni chn, chng nn phn bit xa gn; n ni no cng thy nh nha Ngoi ra, cng khng nn phn bit v s tt xu ca Php H Nu bt c ni no chng ta cng c th ging Kinh thuyt Php, nghin cu gio l Pht , th chng ta s c th "kt thnh mt on, luyn thnh mt khi." Cho nn, tp c thi quen n u cng nghin cu Pht Php l iu quan trng nht vy. Ch yu ca vic nghin cu Pht Php l g? l ct t vng tng, thu nhip thn tm. Nu chng ta khng m tng v qu kh, hin ti hoc v lai, m ch mt lng mt d nghin cu Pht Php, th chng ta s khng cn phin no, kh au. Ti sao chng ta c phin no ? Bi v chng ta khng c c ci nhn thu sut, khng n bung b, c cho rng vic ny quan trng, vic kia cn thit, do vy m sanh lng chp trc. Mt khi c tm chp trc th phin no s theo m ny sinh. Cho nn, chng ta nghin cu Pht Php th cn phi dp b tm chp trc. Hm nay l ngy u tin chng ti ging Kinh y. Sau ny, khi qu v vo ch ngi th ngi hng sau nn ngi xen k i vi ngi hng trc, ngi trc ngi sau u c th thy r, khi cn tr tm nhn ca nhau. l cch ngi; cn ng th nh th no ? C hai ngi ng mt hng, hng ny cch hng kia mt khong va c th ci ly c. Va ri chng ta c nim Lc T i Minh Ch (n Ma Ni Bt Di Hng). B Tt a Tng rt thch mi ngi nim ch Lc T i Minh ny. Nu qu v tr nim Lc T i Minh Ch th qu v cu xin bt c iu g, B Tt a Tng cng s gip cho qy v c toi nguyn. S cm ng linh thing ca Ngi a Tng khng th no ni ht c, iu ny trong Kinh cng c cp n. V th, trong cc bui ging Kinh, chng ta u nn lun lun nim Lc T i Minh Ch. y l mt Thn Ch ti nhim mu; cng nng ca Thn Ch ny tht khng th ngh bn! Nhn duyn ca Php Hi ging Kinh a Tng ln ny cng kh c bit. Ma h nm nay ti mn cn nh ny m kha tu hc, v d tr sau khi kha hc vin mn th tr nh. n khi tr nh ri, th c vi hc vin mun li tu hc tip nn phi t i tm thu phng tm tr; nhng tm phng thu l mt vic rt vt v, khng d g kim c nga Cho nn ti cng rt "mo him" quyt nh mn li cn nh ny. Sau , ti mi my hc vin v , ng thi thnh bc tng a Tng Vng B Tt v y "sng chung" vi mi ngi. Nh th, i chng ngy ngy u c c hi l bi B Tt hu gieo trng thin cn, vun bi ci phc. Tuy nhin, i vi ngi M th B Tt vn cn qu xa l! Trc kia h khng bit n bt c mt v B Tt no c, by gi li chung mt nh vi B Tt, th c ngi ly lm vui mng, song cng c ngi ngn ngi: "! Tng B Tt ny trng ging ngi tht qu!"; v sanh ra s st. Do , by gi ti s "gii thiu" v B Tt ny vi qu v. Phm mun kt bn vi ai, tt trc ht chng ta phi tm hiu xem ngi y l ngi nh th no; nay v qu v mun "lm quen" vi B Tt a Tng nn ti s ging KinhCha Vn Pht 2/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

a Tng cho qu v nghe. Kinh a Tng c xem l mt b "Hiu Kinh" ca Pht Gio. B Tt a Tng l mt v B Tt thc hnh hiu o, v l v B Tt hiu tho vi cha m nht. V cng mong mun mi ngi u hc theo tinh thn hiu o ca B Tt a Tng, cho nn hm nay ti ging b Kinh a Tng ny. By gi, chng ta s tm hiu b Kinh ny da trn su yu t: - Th nht l Nhn Duyn Ny Sanh Gio Php (Gio Khi Nhn Duyn), tc l nhn duyn, nguyn do c b Kinh ny. - Th hai l Phn Loi Theo Tng Tha (Tng Tha S Nhip). "Tng" l Tam Tng. "Tha" l i Tha v Tiu Tha; m cng l Ng Tha - Nhn Tha, Thin Tha, Thanh Vn Tha, Duyn Gic Tha v B Tt Tha. Nh vy, yu t th hai l xt xem Kinh ny thuc v tng no trong ba Tng v tha no trong nm Tha. - Th ba l Nu R Tng Ch Kinh (Bin nh Tng Ch) - Th t l Gii Thch Mc Kinh (Tiu Thch Danh ) - Th nm l Dch Gi Truyn Dch (Truyn Dch S Gi), ni r ai l ngi lu truyn, phin dch b Kinh. - V, th su l Ging Gii Kinh Vn (Bit Ging Vn Ngha), gii thch ngha ca kinh vn.

I) Nhn Duyn Ny Sanh Gio Php (Gio Khi Nhn Duyn) "Gio khi nhn duyn" ngha l g? "Gio" l li gio ha, dy d chng sinh ca cc bc Thnh Nhn. "Khi" tc l trc kia vn khng c m by gi li c, li ny sanh r "Nhn" l nhn t, cn "duyn" l duyn c. Th th, do nhn duyn g m khi sanh gio php ny ? Sau khi thnh Pht, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thuyt Php rng r sut bn mi chn nm, ging Kinh ti hn ba trm Php Hi, song thy chung vn cha siu cho MaDa Phu Nhn, thn mu ca Pht. c Pht Thch Ca vn c sanh ra t cnh sn (pha trn bng) bn tri ca thn mu, v h sinh Ngi xong th Ma-Da Phu Nhn qua i. Sau khi chng c Pht Qu, Ngi qun xt v bit l Thnh Mu c thc sanh ln ci tri. By gi, lc thuyt xong Kinh Php Hoa v trc khi thuyt Kinh Nit Bn, Pht Thch Ca nh n mu thn nn lin ln cung tri ao Li ba thng thuyt Php cho Thnh Mu nghe. Pht thuyt Php g ao Li Thin? Pht thuyt Kinh a Tng, mt b kinh dy v o hiu. Vy, do mun cu t mu nn c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni ln cung tri ao Li thuyt ging Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn. c Pht v m m tuyn thuyt gio php Kinh a Tng; th th b Kinh ny phi chng rt trng yu ? II) Phn Loi Theo Tng Tha (Tng Tha S Nhip) "Tng" l Tam Tng - Kinh Tng, Lut Tng, Lun Tng. "Nhip" c ngha l thuc v.Cha Vn Pht 3/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Kinh Tng th thuc v nh Hc, Lut Tng thuc v Gii Hc, v Lun Tng th thuc v Hu Hc. Kinh-Lut-Lun cng chnh l Gii-nh-Hu. B Kinh ny thuc v Kinh Tng v Lut Tng v trong c cp n Gii Lut. "Tha" y chnh l Ng Tha. C ngi ni l ch c Tam Tha - Thanh Vn Tha, Duyn Gic Tha v B Tt Tha - m thi; th th Ng Tha l gm nhng g? L ba Tha y cng thm Nhn Tha v Thin Tha na, th thnh nm Tha. Mi chng ta u c nhiu im khc bit nhau; gia ch Thin vi nhau cng c thin sai vn bit; Thanh Vn, Duyn Gic cng th; v B Tt cng khng phi ch c mt m l rt nhiu v. Vy, b Kinh a Tng ny thuc v Nhn Tha, Thin Tha v B Tt Tha. III) Nu R Tng Ch Kinh (Bin nh Tng Ch) B Kinh ny ly g lm tng ch? Tng ch ca b Kinh ny gm c bn iu v c bao hm trong tm ch "Hiu o, Sanh, Bt Kh, Bo n." Tm ch ny ni ln iu g? l "tinh nghin hiu o" - o l hiu tho vi cha m. Con ngi nu bit gi hiu o th tri t sng ngi rng r. iu khin cho tri t cm ng cng chnh l lng hiu tho, nn ni: ""Thin a trng hiu, hiu ng tin" (tri t u xem trng o hiu, hiu l trc nht). 1) Hiu o. Ch "hiu" ny v cng quan trng. Ch cn c mt ch "hiu" l ton gia c yn vui, m m. C cu: Hiu thun li sanh con hiu thun (Hiu thun hon sanh hiu thun t.) Nu qu v hiu thun vi cha m mnh th sau ny con ci ca qu v cng s hiu thun vi qu v. Cn nu qu v khng hiu tho vi song thn, th con ci ca qu v ri cng s khng hiu tho vi qu v! V sao chng ta phi hc cch lm ngi? Lm ngi c ngha g? C ngi ni rng: "Ti lm ngi mt cch h nh vy th cng xong thi!" Ni nh th l khng phi! Bn phn ca k lm ngi l phi hiu tho vi cha m, bi cha m chnh l tri t, l s trng, v cng l ch Pht. C cha m mi c mnh; nu khng c cha m th mnh khng c c thn th ny, m khng c thn ny tu hnh th mnh s chng bao gi thnh Pht c c! Cho nn, mun thnh Pht th trc tin l phi trn hiu vi cha m. Vy, tng ch th nht l "Hiu " 2) Sanh. Tng ch th hai ca b kinh ny l " Sanh." Th no gi l " sanh"? T b bn ny vt sang b bn kia, gi l "." T sanh t n Nit Bn cng gi l "." T phin no m c B cng gi l "." " sanh" y c ngha l cu chng sanh. "Cu chng sanh" th khng phi l ch cu mt hoc hai ngi, cng khng phi l ba ngi hoc nm ngi. " chng sanh" l thot tt c mi hai loi chng sanh. Phi pht tm gio ha ht thy chng sanh, khin cho tt c chng sanh u sm c thnh Pht; nh th mi gi l " chng sanh." 3) Bt Kh. y l tng ch th ba. B Kinh ny c cng nng "nh sch kh no," dtCha Vn Pht 4/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

tr mi ni kh ca chng sanh. 4) Bo n. "Bo n" y chnh l bo p cng n sanh thnh dng dc ca cha m. Vy, tm ch "Hiu o, Bt Kh, Sanh, Bo n" l tng ch ca Kinh a Tng. Nu ging cn k th qu nhiu, cho nn ti ch cp n nhng im trng yu; sau khi hiu r cc chnh, qu v s thng sut c tt c. Nghe nhc n o hiu, c nhiu ngi lin ngh: "Mnh phi v hu h, bo hiu cho cha m!" Nhng v n nh, gp cha m, th h li chng no tt ny, qun mt bn phn hiu tho. V sao h qun? V h khng hiu hiu o chn chnh l nh th no. Tu hc Pht Php tc l chn chnh hiu tho v Ch ni rng v nh quanh qun bn cha m mi l c hiu, ri v ti nh th li qun mt bn phn hiu tho! Qy v y nghin cu Pht Php, hc lm ngi tt -iu ny i vi th gii rt c li. Mang li li ch cho th gii cng chnh l bo hiu cha m vy. "Hiu" c phn lm bn loi: Tiu Hiu, i Hiu, Vin Hiu v Cn Hiu. Th no gi l "Tiu Hiu"? "Tiu Hiu" l hiu o trong phm vi gia nh, tc l ch hiu tho vi cha m rut ca mnh, ch khng hiu tho vi tt c mi ngi, cha c c lng hiu tho bao la, qung i. "Hiu Qung i" l g? chnh l i Hiu - hiu thun vi khp thin h, xem tt c cc bc cha m trn i nh l cha m ca mnh. y gi l hiu thun vi tt c mi ngi. Th nhng, i Hiu vn cha phi l hiu thun chn chnh. Th no l "hiu thun chn chnh"? Ch khi no qu v thnh Pht mi gi l c lng hiu tho chn chnh, mi l "Chn Hi" y l mt loi hiu tho ch thc, rt ro, vt hn bn loi hiu kia. c Pht Thch Ca xa kia, mc d vua cha khng cho php xut gia, mun cm gi Ngi mi trong cung, nhng Ngi trn khi hong thnh, ln i xut gia tu hnh. Sau su nm rng r tu kh hnh trn ngn Tuyt Sn, Ngi ng o thnh Pht di ci B . Thnh Pht ri, Ngi n cung tri ao Li, v m m thuyt Php. Qy v xem, chng phi l chn chnh hiu tho sao? Th no gi l "Cn Hiu"? Noi gng nhng ngi con ch hiu thi cn i, hc cch hiu thun cha m ca h - gi l "Cn Hiu". C cu: Vin hiu, hiu mun i Cn hiu, hiu ng thi. (Vin Hiu, hiu vn c; Cn Hiu, hiu ng thi) Vin Hiu l gng hiu tho c mun th h truyn tng v noi theo; cn Cn Hiu l s hiu thun ng thi. Cn Hiu cng c th gi l Tiu Hiu, mc d vn c vi im bt ng. Vin Hiu l hiu thun mun i, in hnh l Nh Thp T Hiu (hai mi bn gng hiu t) ca Trung Hoa. Gng hiu tho ca h c mun i truyn tng, lu li ting thm cho hng vn th h sau. Trong Nh Thp T Hiu ca Trung Hoa c mt ng Vnh. ng Vnh, cn gi l ngCha Vn Pht 5/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

m, l mt ngi con ch hiu. Gia nh ng Vnh rt ngho, cnh nh thiu trc ht sau; cn hng xm ca anh ta l Vng K th li rt giu c, sung tc. M ca ng Vnh nh con hiu tho nn hng ho khe mnh; tuy tui cao m vn cn linh hot v lc no cng ti vui. Trong khi , m ca Vng K mc d tin bc d d, n ton nhng mn ngon vt l, cao lng m v, nhng li gy g m yu, v trng c v bun phin o no, chng cht vui ti thanh thn. Mt hm, nhn lc ng Vnh v Vng K u vng nh, b m ca Vng K mi sang chi v hi m ca ng Vnh: "B ch tui tc cng cao, cnh nh li thanh bn, chng thuc thang tm b, m sao trng b lc no cng vui v,kho mnh?" M ca ng Vnh p: "Bi v con trai ti rt hiu tho. N khng dm lm vic g xu c, li rt tht th ng n, cn c lm vic; cho nn ti rt hi lng, khng c iu chi lo ngh hoc bun bc c. C l nh tm tr th thi, trong lng thanh thn, nn thn th c khe mnh y thi." Ri b hi li m ca Vng K: "Nh b ch giu c th kia, n ung ton l mn ngon vt l, m sao li gy m nh vy? B ch gy nh cy sy y, c mc bnh g khng?" M ca Vng K th di ngao ngn: "Ti ? Giu th cng c giu y, n ung th cng ton l nhng thc ngon lnh, b bo; nhng kh ni li gp phi thng con ng nghch, ton lm nhng chuyn phi php, khin ti rt au lng. Hm nay phm php, ngy mai phm lut; hm nay khng b sai nha truy lng, th ngy mai cng c lnh ca ph ng i n tra hi. Ti t sng n ti c v th m thp thm u lo, thc n d ngon cch my cng nut khng xung, khng thy vui. Bi sut ngy c ru r phin mun, cho nn ti cng ngy cng gy mn y thi!" "Hiu" tuy c Vin Hiu, Cn Hiu, i Hiu, Tiu Hiu, nhng nu ni n s hiu tho chn chnh th chnh l tu hnh sau ny thnh Pht vy. Hm nay qu v li nghin cu Pht Php, khng b v, chnh l Chn Hiu vy. Chn chnh nghin cu, hnh tr Pht Php mi l s hiu tho ng n, rt ro nht.

IV) Gii Thch Mc Kinh (Tiu Thch Danh )

Yu t th t l Tiu Thch Danh . "Tiu" ngha l g? "Tiu" c ngha l gii thch vn mt cch r rng. "Tiu thch danh " tc l gii thch tn ca Kinh. Tn ca b Kinh ny l "a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Kinh." Trong , "a Tng B Tt" l Nhn (ngi), "Bn Nguyn" l Php. Php cng l mt th "nghip." "Bn nguyn" chnh l "bn lai hnh nghip" - hnh vi v nghip s to trong i qu kh. Nh vy, trong by loi lp , b Kinh ny thuc loi Nhn Php Lp . V sao gi l "a Tng"? "a" c ngha l t, v c cng nng sinh trng vn vt. "Tng" l bo tng, tc l kho bu. Ch "tng" ny cng c ngha l tng tr, ct giu. Tt c kho bu vn vt, tt c mi vt u c th chn giu di t. V B Tt ny ging nh i a vy - c th sinh trng tt c vn vt, li c v lng v bin kho bu chn di t m ai ai cng c th khai qut c. Ngi no tin Ngi th s c phnCha Vn Pht 6/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

trong nhng kho bu . Trong cc kho bu ny, ci g cng c, ngay c nhng th qu bu ni ting nh kim cng, vng, bc, lu ly, pha l, xa c, ... . khng thiu mt thc g. Nu qy v ly c mt khi kim cng nng chng ba trm pounds, th qy v s tr thnh "i ph ng," l ngi giu nht th gii! Va nghe ti ni ti vin kim cng "ba trm pounds" th c nhiu ngi ph ci, cho rng qu ln! Tht ra, l vin nh nht trong kho y; cn vin ln nht th e rng qy v nhc khng ni! V c nhng m c k trn, cho nn v B Tt ny c danh hiu l "a Tng." "B Tt" l ting Phn, c ngha l "hu tnh gic," tc l mt ngi gic ng trong hng ng chng sanh. Li cng c ngha l "gic hu tnh," tc l ngi m sau khi gic ng, lin em nhng iu mnh chng c ra dy li, khin cho cc chng sanh khc cng c gic ng nh mnh. y chnh l "t gic, gic tha" - sau khi t mnh gic ng ri, th nguyn cho tt c chng sanh cng c gic ng. Li cng c th gi l "t li, li tha" - chnh mnh c c i tr hu, bn nguyn cho tt c chng sanh cng c i tr hu. C i tr hu ri th khng cn s in o na. "Bn Nguyn" tc l nhng th nguyn m a Tng Vng B Tt vn lp t xa n nay, ch khng phi by gi mi lp. "T xa n nay" tc l t lc no? L t v lng kip v trc. Trong nhiu i qu kh, Ngi tng pht li th nguyn ny, nn gi l "bn nguyn." Trong Thp Nh B Kinh c phn Bn S, ghi chp nhng s vic xy ra trong i qu kh. Tng t nh th, "bn nguyn" hin ti ca B Tt a Tng chnh l nhng th nguyn m Ngi tng pht trong i qu kh, ch khng phi ch trong i ny. Trong i ny Ngi ch lp li v tip tc thc hin cc th nguyn m thi. Ngi pht li th nguyn nh th no? Ngi nguyn rng: "a ngc cha trng khng, ti quyt cha thnh Pht; Chng sinh ht ri, ti mi chng B ." Nu tt c cc a ngc cha trng khng, vn cn ti nhn, th Ngi cng quyt cha thnh Pht. Ch khi no a ngc hon ton trng khng, chng cn mt bng ti nhn, Ngi mi thnh Pht. Qy v ngh xem, th nguyn ny rng ln nh th no? a Tng Vng B Tt pht nguyn: "Ti nguyn trong a ngc tip dn tt c ng qu. Nu nhng ng qu ny mt ngy cha la kh c vui, th ti mt ngy cha thnh Pht. i cho tt c nhng ng qu trong a ngc u c gii thot, la kh c vui ri, th ti mi thnh Pht." Chng ta th ngh xem, chng sanh to nghip th v cng, phin no cng v tn; th th a ngc lm sao c lc cng tn c? Tr phi phin no v nghip chng ca chng sanh u tiu tr ht, th may ra a ngc mi c ngy trng rng. Song le, nghip chng ca chng sanh khng th tiu tr, phin no cng chng th on dit, th a ngc lm sao c th trng khng c? Hnh nguyn ca B Tt a Tng, theo quan im ca cc trit gia v khoa hc gia hin nay, phi chng l mt t tng ngu si nht v cng l mt hnh vi ngu si nht? V sao h cho rng y l mt t tng v hnh vi ngu si nht? Bi v s vic ny vn khng th no xy ra c - a ngc khng bao gi trng khng c! Th th Ngi a Tng vnh vin khng c c hi thnh Pht sao? Khng phi vy! khng phi l mt t tng v hnh vi ngu si nht, m chnh l mt t tng v hnh vi mang m nt t bi, ng thi cng l mt t tng v hnhCha Vn Pht 7/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

vi v cng hiu tho. V sao li ni l mt t tng v hnh vi cha y lng hiu tho? B Tt a Tng, sau khi qun st v bit c m mnh b a a ngc, chu nhiu thng kh, bn n cu xin c Pht siu cho mu thn. a Tng Vng B Tt ch thc l ai? Ngi chnh l Tn Gi Ma Ha Mc Kin Lin, nguyn trong a ngc lm B Tt. V sao Ngi mun lm B Tt a ngc? Bi v Ngi thu hiu v cm thng c mi au kh m thn mu Ngi chu ng, nn Ngi lin tng: "Nu m mnh chu kh nh vy, th tt c nhng b m trn ci i ny cng u chu kh nh th!" Cho nn Ngi dng tm hiu o bnh ng, khng phn bit, m thot tt c chng sanh trong a ngc, khin h la kh c vui. Va ri l ni v "bn nguyn" ca a Tng Vng B Tt; by gi chng ta hy tm hiu ch "a (t)." "a" c mi ngha, nhng mi ngha ny cng cha din t ht c cng nng ca "a," tuy vy ti s ging s lc: 1) Rng Ln (Qung i). ngha th nht l "qung i." Qy v thy t c qung i, rng ln khng? C l trong qu v c ngi ang ngh: "Thy i, Thy khng cn ging na, ngha rng ln ca t ai m chng bit!" Th chnh v ai ai cng bit nn ti cng cn phi ging hn na, mi ngi c th bit c nhiu thm mt cht na! 2) Ni Nng Ta Ca Chng Sanh (Chng Sanh Y). t l ni nng ta ca mi chng sanh; tt c chng sanh u nh vo t m sinh trng. Qy v ngh xem, c chng sanh no m chng sng nh trn t hay khng? Tht vy, khng mt chng sanh no sng trong h khng c! l ngha th hai ca "a." 3) t Khng a Ght (a V Ho ). t khng a thch, cng chng ght b ai. t khng h phn bit, la chn: ", tn chng sanh ny, ta cho ngi ch . Cn tn chng sanh kia, hy ct i, ta khng thch ngi!" Bt lun chng sanh no, d tt hay xu, thin hay c, d l cp, beo hay hu, nai... tt c u sng trn t, u nh t m sinh tn. Ngoi ra, t khng sinh tm tt, cng chng ny tm xu. C ngi ni: "Ti hiu iu - t hon ton khng c tri gic!" Qy v cho rng t khng c tri gic sao? Tri gic ca t khng phi l iu m tri gic chng ta c th hay bit c. t cng c tri gic ca t, v t cng l mt trong nhng chng sanh vy. 4) Tip Th Ma Ln (Th i V). t c th tip th nhng cn ma ln. Tri ma ln cch my, t cng u tip nhn, hp th c c. 5) Sanh C Cy (Sanh Tho Mc). t c th sn sinh mi th c, cy. 6) Chng T Nng Gi (Chng S Y K). "Chng" l chng t, ht ging. Tt c ht ging u c vi trong lng t, cho nn t l ni k thc, nng nh ca mi chng t. 7) Sanh Chu Bu (Sanh Chng Bo). ngha th by l g? iu ny l ra khng nn ni, v e rng nghe xong th ai ny u x i tm chu bu! ngha th by ca t chnh l "sanh chng bo"- trong lng t c cha rt nhiu th qu bu. 8) Sn Sanh Thuc (Sn Ch Dc). Tt c mi dc phm, mi th thuc, u do t sn sanh.Cha Vn Pht 8/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

9) Gi Thi Khng ng (Phong Xuy Bt ng). Gi khng bao gi lay ng c t; d gi lc mnh cch my cng chng th no thi t i c. Th ng t th sao? ng t khng phi l do gi thi! 10) Khng S S T Gm (S T Hng Bt Kinh). y l ngha th mi ca t. S t gm ln mt ting th mun loi u run s, duy c t l chng my may kinh ng. Trn y l mi ngha ca ch "a" trong danh hiu ca a Tng Vng B Tt. Nh vy, tn ca b Kinh ny thuc loi Nhn Php Lp , vi "a Tng B Tt" l Nhn (ngi) v "Bn Nguyn" l Php. Ch "bn" ny c ngha l cn bn (ci gc), v cng c ngha l bn lai (vn sn). "Bn lai" v "cn bn" u hm "d tin" (thu trc); do , "Bn Nguyn" tc l nhng th nguyn m B Tt a Tng lp t thu trc. K t v lng kip v trc cho n nay, i i kip kip Ngi u pht nguyn chu ton hiu o - lun lun hiu thun vi cha m, v sn sng x thn cu h. y l hnh nguyn ca B Tt a Tng. "Kinh." Ch "Kinh" ny c ging nhiu ln ri, nhng trong mi Php Hi ging Kinh u cn phi nhc li. Ti sao? V ngi nghe ging ri th ng nhin hiu r, cn nhng ngi cha h nghe ging tt khng sao hiu c, cho nn ti khng ngn ngi m ging li ln na. Ch "Kinh" c rt nhiu ngha. "Kinh" c ngha l "knh," tc l con ng - con ng tu hnh. Ai ai cng c th i theo con ng ny c. Qy v mun thnh Pht, tt phi i qua con ng tu hnh, cho nn con ng ny chnh l con ng thnh Pht; v th m ni "Kinh" ngha l "con ng" vy. "Kinh" cn c ngha l "dy mc" (thng mc). Dy mc l g? Thu trc, cc th mc ca Trung Hoa thng dng mt dng c gi l dy mc v cc ng thng. l mt hp mc, bn trong c sn si dy; mi khi cn v ng thng, h ko si dy cng ra, ri a tay bng nh mt ci vo si dy, th s c mt ng mc en thng bng, ngay ngn in trn mt g. "Kinh" v nh si dy mc, c th gip chng ta phn bit t, chnh. "Kinh" cng c ngha l "trng hoa" (kt man). Tc l dy hoa hoc trng hoa, do dng dy xu kt tng a hoa li vi nhau m thnh. Tng t nh th, "Kinh" kt ni cc ngha l li vi nhau nh mt trng hoa vy. Ngoi ra, "Kinh" cn bao hm bn ngha l Qun, Nhip, Thng v Php. 1) Qun. "Qun" tc l qun xuyn (xuyn sut qua). "Qun xuyn" ci g? l "qun xuyn s thuyt ngha"trong kinh, cc o l v ngha l tuyn thuyt nh c mt si dy xu xuyn qua, khng mt chi tit no b tht lc hoc b st. 2) Nhip. "Nhip" c ngha l thu ht, thu v; nh nam chm ht st cng gi l "nhip" vy. "Nhip" y l "nhip" ci g? l "nhip tr s ha c" - Pht ni Php l Cha Vn Pht 9/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

ha chng sanh ty theo c duyn. Nhng kinh in ghi chp li Pht dy c mt sc thu ht i vi cc chng sanh ng c ha chng khc no nam chm i vi st vy. Chng hn hin nay ti ging kinh, qy v n y nghe ging, cng l do b "thu ht" m n. Ti sao qy v n nghe ging kinh? l do tc dng ca "lc" nhip tr - "lc" yu th "thu ht" c t ngi, "lc" mnh th "thu ht" c nhiu ngi hn. C nhng ngi t Seattle v tn y (San Francisco) tham gia Php Hi, l cng do tc dng ca "lc" nhip tr vy. "Lc" nhip tr ny tng t nh sc ht ca nam chm - nam chm ht st bng mt hp lc chng ta khng th thy c, nhng v hnh trung n gy tc dng nh hng; l "nhip." Pht dng tm t bi i i chng sanh, cn chng sanh th em lng cung knh th Pht; gi l Pht "nhip th" tt c chng sanh. 3) Thng. "Kinh" cn c ngha l "thng," ng "c kim bt bin" (xa nay khng i). "Kinh," mt ch khng c b, mt t khng c thm; chng th tng, chng th gim - do gi l "thng," vnh vin khng bao gi thay i. Qy v mun sa i Kinh ? Coi chng b a a ngc y! Vn y khng phi l chuyn ch cng quyn, m l v o l ca Kinh ging nh st vy, khng th no bin i. 4) Php. "Kinh" cn c ngha l "php." Th no gi l "php"? "Tam th ng tun vit php" - c ba i (qu kh, hin ti, v lai) u tun hnh v y theo gio php ny m tu hnh. y l mt loi hin php c tnh cch vnh cu ch khng phi ch tm thi. "Kinh," ting Phn l Tu-a-la (Sutra), dch sang Trung vn l "kh kinh." Ngy xa, ngi Trung Hoa thng dng kh c trong vic giao dch. Vo thi y, khi mua bn sn nghip, ngi ta khng cn phi n c quan chnh ph lm th tc sang tn, chuyn nhng ch quyn ti sn nh hin nay, m ch cn s tha thun gia k mua ngi bn vi nhau l . Nh mua bn rung t chng hn, sau khi vit giao c trn tm giy, h gp t giao c li, dng ko ct thnh hai mu di ngn khng u nhau, ri chia cho i bn, mi ngi gi mt mu - ngi bn ni: "Th l xong, t nay s t ny thuc v ng!"; ngi mua xc nhn: "Vng, s t ny by gi l ca ti." Th n khi cn th ly g lm chng c? H ch cn ly hai mu giy so le n ca bn mua v bn bn rp li vi nhau; nu n khp, va vn, khng sai lch mt my may, tc l "kh" (hp) vy. Th th, "kh kinh" ngha l g? "Kh kinh" l: Trn, hp gio l ch Pht, Di, hp cn c chng sanh . (Thng, kh ch Pht chi l, H, kh chng sinh chi c.) Kinh th tng hp vi gio l ca ch Pht, m gio l ca ch Pht chnh l tm ca ch Pht, cho nn cng l kh hp vi tm ca ch Pht vy. Ngoi ra, Kinh cng kh hp vi c nghi ca chng sanh. Th no gi l "c nghi ca chng sanh"? Hy ly tt c cc loi tho mc trnCha Vn Pht 10/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

mt t ny lm t d cho c nng ca chng sanh chng ta. Khi tri ma, vn vt u c ti nhun v ty theo nhu cu m hp th mt lng nc thch ng - cy to th ht nhiu nc, cy nh th ht t nc hn, nh c th ch cn xanh ti, hoa ch cn ng mt. Mi loi u c thm nhun rt bnh ng; gi l "kh c" - thch hp vi c nng ca chng sanh. Tng t nh th, "Kinh" v nh nc ma ri u khp tt c c cy, vn vt. Vy, "kh chng sanh chi c" l th no? Tc l kho hp vi cn c ca chng sanh, h chng sanh cn bao nhiu th lin c by nhiu. Nh by gi ti ging b Kinh ny, ai nghe cng c m mang kin thc, tr hu gia tng -ngi thng minh th c thm mt cht tr hu, m k ti d cng c thm mt cht tr hu - ni chung, ty theo cn c, ai ai cng c mt s li ch tng ng. Th cn nhng ngi khng c thin cn th sao? H s khng n nhn th "ma" Php ny, v th m khng t c s li ch. Cho nn, mi ngi t c s li ch ty theo kh nng thch ng ca c nhn mnh. gi l "kh chng sanh chi c." Trn y ch l tm lc ngha ca ch "Kinh," nu ging rng ra th cn rt nhiu. a Tng Vng B Tt i i kip kip u rt hiu tho vi cha m, cho nn trong Pht Gio, Kinh a Tng c xem l mt b kinh v o hiu. "Hiu" l gc ca con ngi. Con ngi nu khng hiu tho vi cha m, tc l trn mt i cha lm trn c trch nhim ca k lm ngi. V sao? Cha m sinh ra ta, nui nng ta, nu ta c khn ln m khng bit bo p cng n sinh thnh dng dc, tc l ta cha chu ton ngha v lm ngi vy. c Khng T lun xng Hiu o, do vy trong Kinh Hiu c on: Trng Ni Hnh n, c Tng T theo hu. Khng T ni: "Ny Tng Sm, cc ng Tin Vng nh c ch c v yu o m thin h thun ha, dn chng yn vui, trn di khng on ght nhau. ng c bit th chng?" Tng T ng dy tha: "Sm ny khng thng minh, lm sao bit c?" Khng T ni: "Hiu l gc ca c, cng l ch sanh ra gio. ng hy ngi xung, Ta s ni cho ng nghe. Thn th, tc, da l cha m ban cho, nn chng dm hy hoi; y l khi u ca o hiu. Lp thn hnh o, lu danh cho hu th, hin vinh cho cha m; l lm trn o hiu. Hiu, bt u vic phng dng cha m, phng s quc trng, v sau cng l lp thn vy." y l mt mu i thoi gia c Khng Phu T v hc tr l Tng T, lun v o hiu. Khng T lc by gi ng Hnh n, v Tng T cng hu h Khng T. Tng T l hc tr ca Khng T, hc tr th phi hu h thy; bi Khng T tng ging rng: "Chng ta khng ch hiu tho vi cha m, m cn phi hiu tho vi cc bc s trng na." Cho nn, Khng T cn lm vic g th Tng T u n hoc lm thay cho thy; nh mun ung tr th TngT lin rt tr bng ti... "Tin Vng" tc l "c thnh tin vng" - nhng bc vua hin nhn, c thi xa ca Trung Hoa. "Ch c" c ngha l c hnh ln nht, ln n cc im. "Yu o" tc l o l quan trng, thit yu nht. Nh vy, c Khng T mun hi ng Tng T (Tng Sm) rng cc v vua thuc hng Thnh Nhn ngy xa u c c hnh cc ln, li hiu c o l quan trng nht; b tnh nh p dng o l mCha Vn Pht 11/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

trn thun di ha, khng cn tranh chp; nhng chng r ng Tng T bit o l cha. Khi y, ng Tng T lin ng dy v tha vi Khng T rng: "Tng Sm khng c thng minh. Con l mt k ngu mui, km ci, th lm sao bit c? Con thc khng bit iu ." Khng T li ni rng thn th, tc, da ny ca chng ta l do cha m ban cho, u nh cha m m c c, v th chng ta khng nn ty tin hy hoi; v chnh l bc khi u ca o hiu. C mt s ngi M hiu lm v o hiu; hiu lm nh th no? H ni l Trung Hoa c ng Khng Phu T dy hc tr rng: "Thn th, tc, da l cha m ban cho, nn chng dm hy hoi; y l khi u ca o hiu." Ri t xut hin nhng k hippy - tc khng ct, mt khng ra, ru khng co...; h ngy bin rng ra mt l lm hi da d, co ru ct tc l lm tn thng ru, tc... v nh th l bt hiu!!! y l mt t tng v cng sai lm, mt s ng nhn ht sc tai hi! "Chng dm hy hoi" khng c ngha l chng ta ng ct tc khi tn thng thn th hoc ng tm ra khi tn hi n da, m ni l ch nn hy hoi thn th ca mnh mt cch phi l! Ct tc chng qua l mt tp tc ca thi i, mi ngi cng nn ty theo thi i m ct tc ng hong. Hin nay c mt s ngi hippy mun "thay i thi i," i ht thuc phin, ma ty..., v ni rng nhng th y u khng lm tn thng thn th. Nhng c phm ny git cht khng bit bao nhiu t bo trong c th, lm cho con ngi tr thnh suy nhc, sc khe b st gim. ng l hy hoi thn th, song h khng chu nhn nhn, li khng khng ni l mnh hiu tho! H chng oi hoi ti cha m, xem nh cha m mnh ang tn trn chn tng my, hoc xa tt c mi vn tm ngn dm! Thm ch nu c hi h: "Cha bn l ai? M bn h g?" th h u ngn ngi, chng nh ra c, mc d ming lc no cng hunh hoang l mnh ang thc hnh o hiu ca ngi Trung Hoa! Nh th l hon ton sai lm, cn phi sa i chiu hng suy ngh cho ng n. Qy v ni mnh v hiu tho nn khng ct tc, song t sng n ti c lm iu xng by, thm ch cp bc hoc lm chuyn bt lng; th th rt cuc qy v s i v u? Ri ro b bn cht mt cch oan ung th mi tht l bt hiu! Nu c cp git, phm php, hoc l bn cnh st, hoc l b cnh st bn cht; th nh th c phi l "chng dm hy hoi; y l khi u ca o hiu" hay khng? Cho nn, ti hy vng quc gia ny, ai ny u vo khun php, tun theo php lut, sa i nhng thi quen khng tt, v ch nn sanh tm on hn. Chng ta phi thn trng gn gi thn tm, bt c ni no cng u lm nhng vic hu ch cho nhn loi, t nc, th gii; ch khng nn mang li tai hi, thm ha. y l iu mong mi ca ti. Nu mi ngi u khng mun lm vic kh nhc, cng chng thch lm vic sn xut, th tng lai t nc chc chn s khng c tt p. Cho nn chng ta, nhng ngi hin ang hc Pht Php, u nn tch cc ng gp cng sc gip th gii, gip nhn loi. Hy t nu gng sng, lm ngi gng mu, nh hng x hi, cm ha nhn tm, khin mi ngi u tr nn hin ha, thnh thin. chnh l trch nhim ca Pht gio chng ta vy.Cha Vn Pht 12/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Nc M xa nay vn c nhiu ch rt tt, c bit l v phng din gio dc. Ngnh gio dc M hin rt ph cp v ang trn pht trin mnh m, hn hn cc quc gia khc, nn c th lm gng cho ton th gii. Duy c mt iu l nu mi ngi cn bit hiu tho vi cha m na, th quc gia ny chc chn cng tt p hn nhiu. C cu : Bc qun t vun trng ni gc, gc vng th o ny sanh. Hiu v , y l gc lm ngi chng? (Qun t v bn, bn lp nhi o sanh. Hiu d gi, k vi nhn chi bn d?) Ngi qun t phi tm cho c ch gc, nu gc c bi p vng vng th o s ny sanh; vy ci "gc" y l g? l "hiu" v "" - hiu thun vi cha m, knh mn bc huynh trng. i vi anh ch th phi gi ha kh, khng gy g, khng u nhau; gi l "." Hai ch "hiu, " ny l cn bn, l "gc" ca con ngi. Nu mi ngi u tm c "gc," ai ny u bit hiu thun cha m, knh trn nhng di, th th gii s v cng tt p. Nu qy v c lng hiu tho th qy v s khng lm chuyn phi php, khng cho cha m phi phin lng. M, nu bit tn trng, tun th lut php quc gia, th qy v s l nhng cng dn lng thin, gng mu. Nu ton th dn chng trong nc u tr thnh nhng cng dn tt ca quc gia, th cng c th ni rng l nhng cng dn tt ca ton th gii. Nh vy c ngha l qy v ang dn dt tt c nhn loi trn ton th gii hng v con ng ti sng, tt p. Cho nn, trc tin, mi ngi cn phi bit hiu tho vi cha m. Nu con ci khng hiu thun phng dng cha m, th cha m sanh con ra lm g? Cha m sinh con ra, kh nhc nui con khn ln nn ngi; nhng n khi c mi tm tui th con ci li "tung cnh bay xa," ri khi mi m gia nh, chng oi hoi n cha m. Ri n khi cha m gi yu th phi li thi vo sng trong vin dng lo. , tuy ni l c chnh ph bo tr, song chng c cht thm tnh rut tht; phi sng l loi tr tri, ci ct hm hiu nh khng ngi thn thch. Nu may mn c c con ci hiu tho, ht lng chm sc phng dng, th bc lm cha lm m cng thy an i lc tui gi bng x. Bng tri li, th ch nui con cho khn ln ri chng li tn mc bay i nh by chim s khi lng cnh, m cng chng bit chng bay v ni u!!! Sch c cu: D con qy b, qu con mm mi nui m. (Dng cao qu nh, nha phn b.) Qu con khi khn ln th bit i kim mi mang v nui qu m, mi cho n khi no qu m bnh phc, c th bay ln tr li c mi thi; cho nn ngi Trung Hoa gi qu l loi "chim hiu" (hiu iu). D con lc b sa m th hai chn trc u qu xung. Cho nn, con ngi nu khng hiu tho vi cha m th chng bng loi qu v d! Ni nh th khng phi l trch mc bt c ngi no, m ch nu ln mt o l m ai ai cng cn phi bit. Hn na, ngi bit hiu tho vi cha m th thng cCha Vn Pht 13/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

gp nhng s cm ng linh thing, mu nhim. Cm ng nh th no ? Trung Hoa c lu truyn cu chuyn "Quch C Chn Con." V sao Quch C phi chn con? Quch C vn l ngi ngho kh; hai v chng c c mt mn con, li cn m gi cn phng dng. M ng v tui gi, rng rng ht, nn khng n cm c, thng ngy ch ung sa ca ngi con du, v ca Quch C. Th nhng, sau khi sinh thm a con th ngi con du khng th no c sa cho c b ln chu c, cho nn b phi chu i m chu cng chng c no. Quch C ngh ti ngh lui, khng bit nn gii quyt nh th no mi phi - nu dnh sa cho m gi th con th s cht v kht sa; nhng nu ch dnh sa cho con th m gi nh phi chu i! Vn l mt ngi con ch hiu khng ai bng, Quch C bn vi v: "V chng ta hy cn tr, sau ny vn c th c thm con c. By gi chng ta b a con ny lo phng dng m gi trc. M nay tui hc cao, chng cn vi chng ta c bao lu na; chng ta cn phi sn sc, hu h m cho chu o." V Quch C mc d khng nh on b con, nhng v hiu o nn phi dn lng, c nn au thng, ni rng: "Vng, mnh ni cng phi!" Th l, sau khi bn bc, hai v chng Quch C lin chun b mang con n mt ni hoang vng, xa thnh ph chn. C hai v chng vn cng chu, nng niu a b nh mt bu vt, nhng nay li phi nh lng em con i chn sng! Th nhng, khi h o h th l thay, o ln ton l vng vi bc, v trn nhng thoi vng, thoi bc y u c dng ch "Tri ban cho hiu t Quch C." Quch C v ngho kh nn bt c d phi em con i chn, by gi vng thoi bc nn y dy, cho nn khng cn phi chn con na. y l mt cng n m Trung Hoa ai cng bit c. Trung Hoa c rt nhiu ngi tuy khng phi l tham lam, mun c pht ti, song do bit o hiu rt quan trng, nn hu nh ai ai cng ht lng hiu tho.

V) Dch Gi Truyn Dch (Truyn Dch S Gi) Yu t th nm l Dch Nhn (Truyn Dch Gi), tc l gii thiu ngi c cng phin dch b Kinh. V dch gi ca Kinh a Tng, th c sch chp l do Tam Tng Php S Php ng phin dch. Php S Php ng vn l ngi Trung Hoa, khong i nh Hu Trn. Tuy nhin, phn ln cc sch li chp rng Kinh a Tng l do Tam Tng Sa Mn Tht-Xoa Nan- (Siksananda), ngi x Vu in (Khotan), phin dch vo i nh ng ca Trung Hoa. Vo i ng, c mt quc gia tn l Vu in, nm khong pha trn vng bin gii ca tnh Vn Nam ngy nay. "Vu ca Tn Ch mt in" l ting Phn, dch l "a Nh," ngha l "t c sa chy ra." Xut x ci tn ny nghe nh chuyn thn thoi, chuyn thn thoi y nh th no? ngy xa ca nc ny l g th chng ta khng th no tra cu c na. bit tng truyn rng, khi xa, thu cha mang tn Vu in, nc ny c ng vua v cha c con trai ni di bn n mt ngi miu n cu t. Kt14/386 www.dharmasite.net

Cha Vn Pht

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

qu l c mt a b c sinh ra t trn ca tng Thn miu. Qy v ngh rng c chuyn hay khng? a b n khng chu b sa, bt k l sa m hay sa b. V sau, trn mt t bng xut hin mt vt hnh th ging nh ci v v c sa chy ra; a b ch chu b th sa y. V th, t quc gia ny c tn l "Vu in," tc "a Nh Quc." Qy v ngh xem, c phi l thn thoi khng? Nh vy, ti nc a Nh (Vu in) y c mt v Tam Tng Sa Mn tn l Tht Xoa Nan . "Sa Mn" l ting Phn v c ngha l "cn tu Gii nh Hu, tc dit Tham Sn Si"; ng ngha vi t ng "Sa Di." "Cn tu," tc l sing nng cn mn, khng bing nhc. Qy v ch cho rng ng nhiu l tt. Ng nhiu th c th qy v cm thy khe khon v th xc; song i vi Php thn th khng ch li g c. Cho nn, cn phi sing nng tu tp Gii nh Hu, hng hi dp tr Tham Sn Si. "Tht Xoa Nan " l ting Phn, dch ra Trung vn l "H Hc." V Sa Mn ny khng li bing, Ngi rt hoan h v rt thch hc Pht Php, hc Ch Lng Nghim, Ch i Bi cng nh nhiu kinh in khc, cho nn Ngi c tn l Tht Xoa Nan . "Dch" tc l phin dch; trong trng hp ny l phin dch t Phn vn sang Trung vn. "Dch" cng c ngha l hon i; hon i ci g? l chiu theo nguyn bn bng ting Phn m chuyn i thnh ting Trung Hoa. Di triu i nh Chu ca Trung Hoa, c mt chc quan c trch v ngn ng ca bn phng. phng Bc, chc quan ny c gi l "Dch," ngha l v quan trng coi vic phin dch; cho nn v sau ngi ta u gi phin dch l "dch."

VI) Ging Gii Kinh Vn (Bit Gii Vn Ngha) Yu t th su l Bit Gii Vn Ngha. "Bit" l phn bit; "gii" l gii thch; "vn" l kinh vn; v "ngha" l ngha. Vy, y l phn gii thch ngha ca kinh vn.

Cha Vn Pht

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Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Thin ThchQuyn Thng Phm Th Nht

Thn Thng Trn Cung Tri ao LiTuyn Ha Thng Nhn ging thut

y l phm m u ca Kinh a Tng. "ao Li" l ting Phn, Trung Hoa dch l "tam thp tam", tc l ch ci tri Ba Mi Ba. Nh th, c phi tri ao Li nm tng th ba mi ba khng? Khng phi! Tuy gi l ci tri "Ba Mi Ba", nhng khng phi do m t di ln trn theo th t, nh tng tri th nht, tng tri th hai, ri n tng tri th ba,... cho ti tng tri th ba mi ba. Vy th nh th no? Ci tri Ba Mi Ba ny vn nm chnh gia, v bn pha ng ty nam bc ca ci tri ny th mi pha li c tm ci tri. Do , tng cng c ba mi hai ci tri phn b chung quanh ci tri Ba Mi Ba. Thin ch ca ci tri Ba Mi Ba l Thch. Trong Kinh A Di c ni n "Thch Hon Nhn", tc l v Thch ny vy. Ngoi ra, trong Ch Lng Nghim c cu "Nam M Nhn La Da", th Nhn La Da cng chnh l Thin Ch Thch. ci tri th Thch l mt v Thin Ch; cn trong Pht Gio th Ngi l mt v H Php - Ngi chng nhng khng c lm ch m ngay c ta sen ngi cng khng c na, Ngi ch ng ngng ca m thi! Thin Ch Thch cng chnh l ng "Thng Vn Nng" m ngi i thng xng tng. ng vy, Thch qu l mt "ng vn nng" - Ngi cai qun tt c mi vic ci tri cng nh ci ngi. Tuy nhin, gia Ngi v ngi th gian chng ta chng c g khc bit lm. V sao? V Ngi vn cn tm dm dc, v vn cn n ung, ng ngh; c khc chng l ba th dc vng y Ngi th nh v tinh t, ch khng nng n v th thin nh phm phu chng ta! Ngi th gian chng ta ch khng n khng ung vi ba l chu khng ni, vi ngy khng dm dc l cm thy kh chu, vi hm khng ng ngh l thy u oi, bc nhc. Cn Tri Thch th mt trm ngy khng n cng c; thm ch hai trm ngy, ba trm ngy, hoc mt nm mi n mt ln cng chngsao; sut nm khng ng cng vn tnh to nh thng, v quanh nm khng dm dc cng chng ly lm phin - tuy nhin, Ngi vn cha on tr c dc vng. Tui th ca ch thin ci tri ao Li l mt ngn nm. Mt trm nm ca ci nhn gian chng ta ch l mt ngy mt m ci tri ao Li. Vy, qu v th tnh xem, soCha Vn Pht 16/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

vi ngi th gian chng ta th th mng ca ch thin lu hn c bao nhiu nm? Ci tri ao Li rng tm vn do-tun; tt c tng vch ca thnh tr ni y u c lm bng by th bu. Thnh tr ca Thin Ch ao Li Thin l Thin Kin Thnh, rng su vn do-tun; v tt c cung in u c xy bng nhng vt liu qu bu nht. y cng l l do khin Thin Ch Thch sau khi c sanh v ri th ch mun li lm cha tri, ch khng mun "dn nh" i ni khc! Mi th xung quanh Thch ton lm bng chu bu; ngay c nh ca phng c cng c kin to bng nhng vt liu v cng qu gi. V c sng mt ni p vi nhng cung in trng l nh th, nn Thch kh th dt b dc tm. Ngi ly lm tha mn, an nhin hng th phc tri, v cho rng l ni vui sng nht. Chng nhng th, Ngi cn ku gi tt c chng sanh hy sanh v "thin quc" - th gii ca Ngi. i vi Ngi, ci tri ao Li l mt th gii y vui th; do , ai thch th c n , Ngi sn lng hoan nghnh tt c. Ngi cho rng Ngi rt khng khi, rng lng, v lc no cng hoan h nghnh n mi ngi n v cng an hng phc lc ca ci tri vi Ngi; song le, Ngi khng bit rng s d bn thn mnh cha thot khi vng sanh t l bi mnh cn tham m dc lc! V sao Ngi c lm Thin Ch? C phi l trc tin th lm a Ch (cha t), ri sau c thng chc lm Thin Ch (cha tri)? ( Qung Chu, Trung Hoa, hu nh nh no cng c th a Ch c.) Hay l phi t a v a Ch ri ln Nhn Ch (cha nhn gian), sau mi t Nhn Ch m thng ln lm Thin Ch? Khng phi! Th th nh u m Ngi c lm Thin Ch? Vo thi c Pht Ca Dip, v cha tri Thch ny l mt ngi con gi tng pht tm xy ct ngi thp th Pht Ca Dip. Do nhn duyn g m c pht tm nh th? Thu y, nhn thy mt ngi miu nt, mt nc, v trong miu c pho tng Pht b ma gi lm loang l lp vng thp trn mt, c cm thy rt au lng: "Chao i! Tng Pht ny b nhn ging bi bm, by gi li cn phi chu cnh gi tp ma sa, ti tht khng nh lng!". Th l c ta pht tm sa sang ngi c miu y li cho trang nghim. Tuy nhin, v khng c tin, c ta bn tm n bn b v nhng ngi thn thuc, ni vi h rng: "Ti mun xy dng li ngi c miu n nhng khng c tin, chng hay qu v c th gip ti mt tay khng? Qu v ai c ngi thn th ku gi ngi thn, ai c bn b th ku gi bn b; chng ta hy hp lc lm mt vic t thin, cng nhau trng tu ngi c miu ny." Bn b v b con quyn thuc ca c gi ny u hng hi hng ng: "c, tt c chng ta hy hp tc trng tu ngi c miu!". C ta tm c ba mi hai ngi c cng mt tm nguyn vi mnh, v c l tt c u l n gii. (iu ny khng th kim chng qua lch s, cng chng th tra cu u c!) Cho d c phi nam tham gia th con s cng rt t; v sao ? V nam gii thng t cho l mnh ti gii, khng thch vic xy cha dng thp, li cn bo rng h nhng cng vic cho phi n! Sau khi c gi khi xng v ba mi hai ngi n y hon tt vic trng tu ngi c miu, h cn cng nhau ct thm mt bo thp na. H c k gp cng ngi gp ca, ai ny u ty theo kh nng ca mnh m gp phn, nh vic xy dng ngi bo thp cng c thnh tu vin mn. n khi th mng ca ba mi ba ngi ny ht, tt c u c sanh ln ci tri. Ln tri th mi ngi mt ci, cho nn ba mi ba ngi th c ba mi ba ci tri. V Thin Ch ca ci tri trung ng Ba Mi Ba Cha Vn Pht 17/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

ao Li Thin - l Thch, tc l c gi khi xng vic trng tu ngi c miu thu trc. l s tch ca cung tri ao Li. "Tri" c ngha l g? Khng c ngha g c; bi nu c ngha th khng gi l "tri"! V sao khng c ngha? "Tri" ly "t nhin" lm ngha; "t nhin" l ngha ca "tri". Nhng ci tri ny l do nghip bo, nghip lc ca ba mi ba ngi y cm ng m ha hin ra. Nu khng c ba mi ba ngi y, th ba mi ba ci tri ny cng chng hin hu; cho nn ti ni "tri" khng c ngha l v vy. c vng c ln ci tri l mt iu khng c ngha, do chng ta khng nn cu mong c n ba mi ba ci tri y. "Cung" tc l cung in vi li kin trc nguy nga trng l, v cng xinh p. Ti Trung Quc cng cn mt vi cung in, song cung in ci tri th trng l v p hn, lng ly khng th ni ht. "Thn Thng". Th no gi l "thn"? Th no gi l "thng"? "Thn" l "thin tm", l tm ca tri; "thng" l "hu tnh", tc l c tr hu. "Thng" cn l "thng t v ngi" chng c g khng thng sut; v "thn" cng hm thn k b n. Thn thng c su loi - su loi cng l mt loi, mt loi m phn lm su loi. Cho nn, tch ring ra th c ti su loi, song hp li th ch l mt. Tht ra, mt loi cng chng c na, bi xa nay vn khng c thn thng m vn cng c thn thng! V sao ni "vn khng c thn thng"? V sao li ni "vn cng c thn thng"? iu ny rt k diu, l th. By gi, chng ta hy ni v su loi thn thng trc, ri sau s bn n "vn l thn thng, vn khng phi l thn thng; vn l mt loi thn thng, vn l mt loi thn thng cng chng c." Su loi thn thng chnh l Thin Nhn Thng, Thin Nh Thng, Tha Tm Thng, Tc Mng Thng, Lu Tn Thng, v Thn Tc Thng. 1) Thin Nhn Thng. Ngi chng c Thin Nhn Thng c th nhn thy khp c ba ngn i thin th gii r rng nh nhn qu am-ma-la trong lng bn tay vy. Trong hng t ca Pht, Tn Gi A Na Lut l bc ng u v Thin Nhn Thng. 2) Thin Nh Thng. Chng c Thin Nh Thng th c th nghe c mi m thanh t ci nhn gian cho n tn ba ngn i thin th gii, lun c cc m thanh ca ci tri. 3) Tha Tm Thng. y l kh nng c c ngh ca ngi khc. Tt c nhng vic m qu v d tnh trong u, nh s thc hin, th cho d qu v cha h th l vi ai c, nhng ngi chng c Tha Tm Thng vn c th bit r. 4) Tc Mng Thng. Ngi chng c Tc Mng Thng c kh nng bit c tt c nhng vic - thin cng nh c - m qu v to tc trong cc i trc. 5) Thn Cnh Thng (cng gi l Thn Tc Thng hoc Nh Thng). Ch "thn" ny ng ngha vi ch "thn" va ging trn, v cng ch cho mt cnh gii k diu,Cha Vn Pht 18/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

khng th ngh bn. ngha ca ch "thn" v ch "diu" c i cht tng ng; cho nn c lc ni "thn diu khn lng", chnh l m ch mt th cnh gii khng th ngh bn. "Cnh" l cnh gii; cn "thng" l thng t v ngi, vn khng thng m li thng. Th d, bc tng chn ngang tuy c gy tr ngi, nhng nu qu v khot mt l hng th s c thng lu. Tng t nh th, "bc tng" v minh gy chng ngi, ngn che nh sng quang minh ca t tnh trong chng ta; song, nu qu v c th dng "gm" tr hu ca mnh ph v bc tng , th s c thng sut ngay. 6) Lu Tn Thng. Chng ta v sao cha thnh Pht? Bi v chng ta vn cn "lu hoc"! Chng ta v sao cha th lm B Tt? Bi v "lu hoc" vn tn ti trong chng ta! Chnh v lu hoc m chng ta phi trm lun trong Tam Gii -Dc Gii, Sc Gii v V Sc Gii. Chng nhng th, cc lu hoc ny cn khin cho chng ta b lu lc, ni tri trong chn Php Gii. Chn Php Gii l g? l chn ci gii ca B Tt, Thanh Vn, Duyn Gic, Thin (Tri), Nhn (Ngi), A Tu La, a Ngc, Ng Qu v Sc Sanh. Chng sanh trong chn Php Gii ny cha th thnh Pht c l v h cn c lu hoc; nu khng cn lu hoc na th nht nh s thnh Pht. Lu hoc ny do u m c? Chnh l do v minh! Cho nn, h dit tr c v minh th lu hoc s khng cn na; nu v minh cha b ph hy th lu hoc vn cn tn ti. Do vy, ngi chng c Lu Tn Thng chng c bao nhiu. Mt khi khng cn lu hoc th qu v s khng cn phi tri ln trong vng sanh t na. Ti sao chng ta vn cn lun qun trong vng sanh t? l v chng ta c lu hoc! Ngi c lu hoc v nh ci bnh b lng vy - qu v mun nc cho y bnh, nhng nc c r ra ngoi theo ch lng, bnh khng th gi c nc. Cho nn, dt sch mi mi lu tc l c "lu tn thng" vy. Ni rng con ngi "vn khng c thn thng", l m ch lc chng ta cn l phm phu, cha hin thn thng. Li ni rng con ngi "xa nay vn c thn thng", bi y c vo qu v ca bc Thnh nhn m ni th thn thng vn c sn. Hng phm phu th khng c thn thng, bc Thnh nhn mi c thn thng. Thn thng ca Thnh nhn phi chng l n t bn ngoi? Khng, l c sn! Th th phm phu khng c thn thng, phi chng l v h nh mt? Cng khng phi, bi thn thng y vn tim tng trong t tnh ca phm phu; chng qua l h cha pht hin ra, cha nhn thc c, nn tng rng mnh khng c m thi! Cho nn, ti ni "vn khng c thn thng" l v l y. C thn thng hay khng c thn thng u chng quan trng. Qu v ch lm tng rng c thn thng tc l c o hoc chng c qu v. Phi bit rng c c thn thng ri vn cn cch s chng qu v c o rt xa! Chng ta khng nn mi t c i cht thnh tu lin t mn: " - , phen ny ti pht ti ri!" Mi c c mt lng vng m reo mng ri rt, cho l mnh pht ti; trong khi ngi ta c ti hng ngn hng vn lng vng th li khng h khoe khoang, vn bnh thn nh khng c g c vy! So vi ngi ta th vic mnh c c mt lng vng c g l to tt u? C cu: "c thiu vi tc, trung o t hoch". (c t cho l , na ng t ngng.)

Cha Vn Pht

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Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Nhng k ch mi gt hi c mt vi thnh qu nh nhoi m ng l nhiu lm, th chng khc no t v sn mc ng gii hn cho mnh na ng, n mc th ngng li, khng lt ti na. l cnh gii ca hng Nh Tha, ch khng phi l cn tnh B Tt ca i Tha. Cho nn, ng ngh rng c thn thng l ti gii. Nu qu v c thn thng ri t ph, cho rng mnh ti gii hn ngi, th qu v cn qu nng ni - bi nh th l qu v vn cn tm chp trc, cn lng t mn. Kinh vn: Ti nghe nh vy: Mt thu n, ti cung Tri ao Li, c Pht v Thnh Mu m thuyt Php. Lc ging: Ti nghe nh vy. Hin ti (1968), chng ta khai n ging Kinh Kim Cang, Kinh a Tng v Kinh Php Hoa trong cng mt thi im, cho nn bn ch "Ti nghe nh vy" s c ging i ging li n ba ln. "Nh vy" hay "nh th", vn l t "ch php"; ng rng php nh vy th tin c, cn php khng nh vy th khng ng tin. Hin ti, php ny gi l php "nh th" - y l th php ng tin cy. "Nh th" cng l t "n kh", khng nh rng (Php) ch thc l nh vy, tuyt i khng c sa i. "Ti nghe nh vy" chnh l p n ca c Pht cho mt trong bn vn m Tn Gi A Nan thnh vn trc khi Pht nhp Nit Bn. Lc by gi, sau khi hay tin c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni sp nhp Nit Bn, Tn Gi A Nan khc n ni u vng mt hoa, tm tr bn lon, qun bng ht mi vic. Trong khi , Tn Gi A Na Lut, nhc nhn tuy khng cn song Thin Nhn rt sng t, th li ht sc trm tnh; Ngi cn dn Tn Gi A Nan phi thnh vn Pht v bn vic: - Th nht, khi kt tp kinh in, m u vn kinh nn dng ch g lm tiu biu cho tt c kinh tng; - Th hai, khi Pht cn ti th th cc t u an tr cng mt ni vi Pht, vy sau khi Pht nhp Nit Bn th h phi sng vi ai; - Th ba, khi Pht cn tr th th Pht l Thy, vy sau khi Pht nhp Nit Bn th nn tn ai lm Thy; - Th t, nn i ph nh th no vi cc T Kheo c tnh tnh xu c? Khi y, c Pht tr li rng: - Th nht, khi kt tp kinh tng, hy dng bn ch "Ti nghe nh vy" (Nh th ng vn) m u cho tt c cc b kinh; - Th hai, hy nng theo T Nim X m an tr. T Nim X chnh l Thn, Th, Tm v Php - qun thn bt tnh, qun th th kh, qun tm v thng, qun php v ng; - Th ba, khi Pht cn ti th th c Pht l Thy; Pht nhp Nit Bn ri th ly Ba La Mc Xoa (Gii) lm Thy - y l Thy ca tt c T Kheo v T Kheo Ni;Cha Vn Pht 20/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

- Th t, hy dng phng php "mc tn" i ph vi cc T Kheo tnh c. "Mc" ngha l lm thinh, khng ni chuyn vi h; cn "tn" l lm l, khng n h na. Cu "Ti nghe nh vy" c dng nhm xa tan mi nghi vn trong lng i chng. Lc i Hi Kt Tp Kinh Tng khai mc, Tn Gi A Nan khng c mi tham d. Sau , khi chng c T Qu A La Hn, v khng c ai m ca cho vo, Tn Gi A Nan bn i xuyn qua ca v tin vo hi trng tham gia i Hi Kt Tp Kinh Tng. Nhng ngi tham d cuc kt tp kinh tng tuy chng qu, nhng tr nh ca h u khng bng Tn Gi A Nan. Ngi A Nan l "i quyn th hin" - giu tht hin quyn, th hin thin xo phng tin. Tn Gi A Nan tng lm th gi cho tt c ch Pht xut th trong qu kh, c thn cn ht thy ch Pht. Khi c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thnh Pht, Tn Gi A Nan cng xut th lm th gi cho Pht; v v th gi y chnh l ngi c chun b cho cng cuc kt tp kinh tng sau ny. ng thi, lc Tn Gi A Nan va bc ln Php ta, trong i chng lp tc dy khi ba mi nghi ng: - Th nht, h nghi l Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni sng li, ng rng Pht cha nhp Nit Bn. V khi Tn Gi A Nan ln Php ta s t kt tp kinh tng, Ngi th hin tng ho trang nghim, tng mo ging ht c Pht, ch thp thua Pht ba lng tay m thi, cho nn i chng mi ng rng l Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni sng li. - Th hai, hoi nghi l c Pht t phng khc n. - Th ba, hoi nghi Tn Gi A Nan chng qu, thnh Pht. Tuy nhin, khi Tn Gi A Nan va tht ra bn ting "Ti nghe nh vy" th ba ni hoi nghi y lin tan bin, khng cn vng mc trong tm tr mi ngi na. Cu "Ti nghe nh vy" c dng bi bn nguyn do: 1) Dt tr mi nghi ng (on chng nghi); 2) Ttun theo li dn d ca c Pht (Tun Pht chc); 3) Chm dt mi tranh ci (Tc tranh lun); Khi kt tp kinh tng, ngi A Nan tui vn cn rt tr. Mt ngi tr tui m ng ra ch tr vic kt tp kinh tng th e rng nhng bc Trng Lo nh Tn Gi Ca Dip, Kiu Trn Nh, Tu B s ni: "ng cn tr ngi non d nh th th c kinh nghim, kin thc g u m i kt tp kinh in?" Nu Ngi A Nan ni kinh in l do chnh Ngi t vit ra th s khng trnh khi s tranh lun: "Nhng iu ng ni hon ton khng ng, c Pht khng h ni nh vy!" Nhng khi Ngi A Nan tuyn b "Ti nghe nh vy," th mi ngi u khng tranh ci; v sao? V bn ch y ng rng tt c nhng g Ngi A Nan sp sa ni ra ch l tuyn thuyt li nhng iu m chnh Ngi c nghe t kim khu ca c Pht, ch hon ton khng phi do Ngi ba t; nh th m chm dt mi tranh lun!

Cha Vn Pht

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Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

4) khc bit vi ngoi o (D ngoi o): . L thuyt m cc Lun S ngoi o thng dng l: "Tt c vn php ca th gian u khng ngoi hai ch 'hu (c), v (khng)'." Nu ni "c," tc l vn php u hin hu; cn ni "khng," tc l vn php u khng hin hu. Bi h cho rng ht thy cc php u nm trn trong mt ch "c" v mt ch "khng," nn kinh in ngoi o dng hai ch "A, H" lm m u cho vn kinh. "A" c ngha l "khng", v "h" ngha l "c". Do , nhm phn bit vi ngoi o, c Pht dy phi dng bn ch "Ti nghe nh vy" m u cho vn kinh, ni rng: "Chnh ti, A Nan, tng c nghe Pht ni Php nh th ny". Phm kinh in do Pht thuyt u hi su im thnh tu cho ton Kinh, gi l Su Loi Thnh Tu (Lc Chng Thnh Tu): 1) Tin cy(Tn). "Nh vy" biu th Tn thnh tu. 2) Nghe (Vn). "Ti nghe" biu th Vn thnh tu. V sao khng ni "tai nghe" m li ni l "ti nghe"? V "ti" l t tng xng cho mt thn th, cho nn dng "ti" tiu biu cho c su cn. 3) Thi im (Thi). "Mt thu n" (nht thi) biu th Thi thnh tu. Ti sao khng ni r l Pht thuyt Php vo ngy no, thng no, nm no, m ch ni chung chung l "mt thu n"? Bi v quc t lch s khng ng nht - c khi ni ny l thng chp th ni khc li ang l thng hai, nc n l thng ging th nc kia li ang l thng ba hoc thng t... - cho nn trong kinh in ca Pht ch ni l "mt thu n" m thi. C mt thi im nh th ny, th y l Thi thnh tu. 4) Ch. "c Pht" biu th Ch thnh tu. Pht th t gic, gic tha, gic hnh vin mn. Bi tam gic vin mn, vn c y, nn gi l "Pht". "c Pht" ny chnh l c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni, Gio Ch ci Ta B. Tht ra, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thnh Pht t v lng kip v trc; nhng v nhn thy chng sanh ci Ta B - Nam Thim B Chu - c duyn thnh thc, cho nn Ngi n th hin thnh Pht, hu khin tt c chng sanh cng u thnh Pht, thot khi sanh t. Gio php m c Pht thuyt ging u l chn tht, khng h di, tt c chng sanh chng ta cn phi trn trng th lnh. Nu chng ta xem nhng li gio hun ca c Pht nh"gi thong qua tai," vo tai ny ri ra tai kia, t s khng c cht li ch no c. Do , chng ta cn phi thc s p dng, chn chnh thc hnh ng theo gio php, khng c c mt my may h di d nh nh ng t k tc - nht nh phi hon ton chn tht. 5) Ni chn (X). "Cung tri ao Li" biu th X thnh tu. c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni ln ci tri ao Li l thn mu. Sau khi Pht ra i c by ngy, th thn mu ca Pht l Ma Da Phu Nhn qua i v sau c sanh ln ci tri ao Li. "Ma Da" (Maya) l ting Phn, Trung Hoa dch l "i Thut", v cng l "Huyn". Thnh Mu Ma Da tng l m ca ngn c Pht trong thi qu kh, l ng sanh thnh ca tt c ch Pht xut th.Cha Vn Pht 22/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Thnh Mu lm m ca c Pht, n khi c Pht thnh Pht li i thuyt php Thnh Mu - y c th v nh mt v tung nhn gian chng ta vy. Th gian ny, nu qu v hiu r th s thy tt c u ging nh mt v kch, m cc tnh tit, cc mn din trong u ni ln chn ca cuc i, mt th chn l ca nhn sinh. Nu thu sut c mt chn l ny, th qu v cng s thng hiu c chn l kia. Cho nn, nhng k khng hiu m xem kch th ch thy cc tnh tit din tin cng nhng cm xc vui bun tan hp, hoc vui mng, au n, xt xa, s st, yu thng, ganh ght, th hn, mong cu... ca v kch. Cn ngi sng sut, tng tri th sao? H bit rng ch l mt v kch v tt c vn nh huyn nh ha - i ngi chng qua l nh th m thi! Kinh Kim Cang c dy: "Tt c php hu vi, Nh mng huyn, bt nc, Nh sng mai, in chp, Nn qun tng nh vy." Th nn, vic gio ha chng sanh i vi Pht cng l Du H Tam Mui, Pht khng xem l iu ng k. Pht khng nh phm phu chng ta - chp ng chp ty, chp nam chp bc, chp trn chp di, khng thy c tt c u l vin dung v ngi. K thc, mi cnh gii chng qua u l gi di, khng tht; nu qu v khng c c ci nhn nh vy, tc l cn chp trc. 6) Chng. "V Thnh Mu m thuyt php" biu th Chng thnh tu. Pht Mu Ma Da Phu Nhn l m ca c ngn c Pht; v mi c Pht sau khi thnh Pht u ln ci tri ao Li thuyt Php cho mu thn nghe. Pht thuyt Php cn phi c Lun Vng (tc Chuyn Lun Thnh Vng) hoc Thch n thnh Php; th th ln ny c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni ln ci tri ao Li thuyt Php, l do ai cung thnh? l do thn ph ca Pht cung thnh. Thn ph ca Pht, tc Lun Vng, ni vi Pht rng: "Xin Pht hy n ci tri ao Li thuyt Php cu Pht Mu". y l Lun Vng thnh cu c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thuyt Php. Cng c sch chp l do Thch, thin ch ci tri ao Li, thnh Php. Ngi vn l c gi ngho tu sa thp miu thu xa, v nh cng c y m c lm Thin Ch Thch. Nhn bit c thn mu ca c Pht cng ci tri ao Li, Thch bn thnh Pht n thuyt Php. C sch th chp nh vy; song, bt lun th no, ni tm li l Pht thuyt Php th phi c ngi thnh Php. c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thuyt php g cho Pht Mu nghe? Pht thuyt Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn, mt gio php v hiu o. Chng ta, ai ai cng phi hiu tho vi cha m; v sao? V cha m l gc r ca con ngi - chng ta hiu tho vi cha m th cng ging nh t chm bn, vun bi ci gc ca chnh mnh vy. Cho nn, k bt hiu th tng lai chc chn chng c trin vng g. Ngi bit hiu tho vi cha m, tc l bit chm sc, bi p gc r ca mnh cho vng chc, th tin nht nh s huy hong, xn ln.Cha Vn Pht 23/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

C cu: Bn c chi vinh, cn thm dip mu. (Gc vng cnh nhiu, r su l tt.) Ngha l ci gc m c vun phn ti nc, chm sc k lng th cy s m chi ny lc; r m bm su vo t th cnh l s sum xu, ti tt. Nh vy, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni v m m tuyn thuyt gio php v hiu o ny. V, phn tip theo sau l cc o l m c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni thuyt ging cho Thnh Mu nghe.

Kinh vn: Lc y, khng th ni ht khng th ni ht tt c ch Pht v i B Tt Ma Ha Tt trong v lng th gii mi phng u n hi hp... Lc ging: "V lng th gii mi phng" l thuc v Y Bo; "khng th ni ht khng th ni ht tt c ch Pht v i B Tt Ma Ha Tt" l Chnh Bo. "Ngi" l Chnh Bo, "th gii" l Y Bo - gi l "Y, Chnh Nh Bo." "Lc y" (nh thi) tc l ng thi, lc by gi. Nay ti dng nm th thi im ging, v c nm cch gii thch t ng "lc y" ny: 1) Lc mun ni (dc thuyt thi), lc ng ni (chnh thuyt thi), lc ni xong (d thuyt thi). "Lc y" tc l ch cho thi im m Pht bng lng thuyt Php, mun ni Php. "Lc y" li l ng ngay lc Pht mun thuyt th Php v hiu o; v"lc y" cng chnh l khi Pht ni xong Php hiu o . y l cch gii thch th nht v t "lc y." 2) Lc ph ngoi o. Nhng php m hng ngoi o ni th khng c qu kh, cng chng c hin ti hoc v lai; m ch ni mt cch chung chung, rt m h. Cho nn, by gi n lc Pht thuyt th Php c ba thi qu kh, hin ti v v lai ph ngoi o. y l ngha th hai ca t ng "lc y." 3) Lc gieo ht (h chng thi). Gieo ht tc l vi ht ging xung di t. C gieo ht tt s c lc thu hoch, chn mui. Sau khi chn mui th th no? Th n "gii thot thi" - tc l lc c gii thot. y cng l mt hm ngha ca t ng "lc y." "Lc gieo ht" cng c ngha l lc cha trng thin cn, hon ton khng c cn lnh. Nh trng hp ca lo ng n - ng vn mun xut gia nhng khi cc bc A La Hn qun st thy rng trong tm vn i kip ng ta khng h trng c mt my may thin cn no c, bn khc t, khng chu thu np ng ta vo hng ng xut gia. C cu:Cha Vn Pht 24/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Mc o xut gia dung d c, Giai nhn ly th chng B . (Ch bo xut gia l chuyn d, y do nhiu kip trng B .) V vy, nhng ngi i ny hin xut gia t hn trong tm vn kip v trc c gieo trng thin cn ri, nn nay mi c nh th. Ch nn cho rng vic xut gia l ty tin, d dng. i vi nhng ngi n nay vn cha h trng thin cn, Pht dy h trng thin cn. i vi nhng ai cha bit nim Pht th Pht dy h nim Pht, cha bit tr Ch th dy h tr Ch; bi cng l trng thin cn, gieo ht ging tt lnh. gieo ht, c trng thin cn ri, th s c s ny mm, tng trng; v sau s n giai on thnh thc, chn mui. Nh lm rung chng hn, ma xun gieo m th sang ma thu gt hi, tc l bc sang giai on chn mui. Tuy nhin, nu la chn ri m khng kp thi gt hi, mi ngoi ng rung, th cng chng c ch li g. Thu hoch c la thc, em hoa li v - gi l t c s gii thot vy. y l ng rng nhng ngi cha trng thin cn th hy chm ch gieo trng thin cn; cn nhng ngi trng thin cn th nn c gng tu hnh, xut gia lm Tng, Ni. Lm Tng, Ni thun thc ri th phi thnh Pht, phi chng qu v - chng qu v l c gii thot. Th nn, qu v nghe ging kinh, ch nn ni rng: "Ti nghe hai ln ri, khng cn nghe thm na!" Qu v nghe cng nhiu th cng bit c nhiu vn , nu khng nghe nhiu th kin thc s khng tng trng v khng lnh hi c tri thc ca Pht Hc. 4) Thi im ca chnh s - v Thy chn chnh. Mun hc Pht Php th cn phi c bc Thy chn chnh (chnh s), vi gio php chn chnh (chnh gio) v s hc tp chn chnh (chnh hc). Nu qu v khng hc tp mt cch chn chnh, nghim tc, th d c gp c chnh gio cng chng ch li g. Li na, nu qu v gp c chnh gio v qu v cng c lng mun hc hnh ng hong, chm ch, nhng khng c mt v Thy chn chnh hiu r Pht Php hng dn cho, th qu v cng khng hc tp g c. Cho nn, "lc y" cng c ngha l thi im hi chnh s, chnh gio, chnh hc. 5) "Lc y" l lc Pht bng lng thuyt Php, ng thi cng l lc chng sanh mun nghe Php. S nghe Php v thuyt Php xy ra cng mt lc, c duyn gio ha tng ng, khng cao khng thp, chng su chng cn. Pht thuyt php no th c chng sanh thch hp vi gio php n nghe. y gi l "Pht mun thuyt, chng sanh mun nghe" - thch hp vi cn c mi ngi, khng c s cao thp. Trn y l nm ngha ca t ng"lc y." Tm li, trong b Kinh ny: - "nh vy" l Tn thnh tu, - "ti nghe" l Vn thnh tu, - "mt thu n" l Thi thnh tu, - "Pht" l Ch thnh tu,Cha Vn Pht 25/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

- "cung tri ao Li" l X thnh tu, - "v Thnh Mu m thuyt php" l Chng thnh tu. Tuy ni rng c Pht v Pht Mu m thuyt php, nhng trn tri cng c thin chng n nghe. Ngoi ra, cn c ngi nhn gian ln tri d Php Hi na - ring c Pht l c n mt ngn hai trm nm mi v t thng xuyn i theo Ngi ri. Nh vy, Nhn La Da, thin ch ci tri ao Li, lm H Php Ch, tc l trai ch thnh php. Tuy ni c Pht "v Thnh Mu m thuyt php," nhng tht ra cng l thuyt php cho ton th i chng; do , cu ny l tiu biu cho Chng thnh tu. Vy, trn y l Su Loi Lc Chng (Lc Chng Thnh Tu). Lc y, khng th ni ht khng th ni ht tt c ch Pht v i B Tt Ma Ha Tt... "khng th ni ht" tc l ni khng xu, k khng xit, khng c ngn t din t. "Ma Ha Tt" l bc i B Tt trong hng B Tt, l nhng chng sanh c o tm rng ln. Lc by gi, c v s k ch Pht v ch i B Tt, ng o n khng th ni c l bao nhiu, t trong v lng th gii mi phng, tn cng h khng v khp Php Gii, u n hi hp ti cung tri ao Li. Qu v xem, khi Pht thuyt Kinh a Tng, mi phng ch Pht v ch i B Tt u t tu lng nghe, th th hng phm phu chng ta cng cn phi n t hp nghe Php hn na! Hin nay chng ta khai n ging Kinh a Tng ti o trng ny, th mi phng ch Pht v ch B Tt cng tu v ni y. Nu c Pht Nhn, qu v s thy c v lng v bin, khng th no m xu ch Pht v ch i B Tt t khp mi hng n y h tr Php Hi ging kinh ny. Kinh vn: ... tn thn c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni c th trong i c Ng Trc m hin sc i Tr Hu, Thn Thng khng th ngh bn... Lc ging: Tt c ch Pht v i B Tt trong mi phng u n cung tri ao Li v tt c cc ngi cng tn thn c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni. "Tn" l xng tn;"thn" l thn thng - "tn thn" c ngha l tm tc khen ngi, ht li ca tng. "Thch Ca Mu Ni" l ting Phn."Thch Ca Mu Ni" l tn ring - "Thch Ca" l h v"Mu Ni" l tn - cn"Pht" l tn chung. Tt c c Pht u c tn xng l"Pht," nhng mi c Pht u c mt danh hiu ring bit (bit danh)."Thch Ca" c ngha l"nng nhn," hm rng Ngi c nng lc dng c nhn t ph tt c chng sanh."Mu Ni" tc l"tch mc," ng "bt ng.""Tch" l tch tnh,"mc" l mc nhin "tch tnh mc nhin" chnh l trng thi tnh lng, khng c m thanh, chng cn mi v.Cha Vn Pht 26/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Trong Nho Gio c cu: "Ch tnh, v d phc gia h! V thanh, v khu." (n ch tt cng ca tnh lng, khng thm c na! Khng m thanh, chng mi v.) m thanh khng cn, mi v cng ht - y chnh l lc con ngi t n bn th tch nhin bt ng."Tch nhin bt ng" chnh l nh;"nng nhn" chnh l Hu. V sao Pht c th dng lng nhn t t chng sanh? Bi v Pht c tr hu."Nng nhn" cng c ngha l ty duyn;"tch mc" cng chnh l bt bin. c Pht th thng bt bin, song cng lun ty duyn; tuy lun ty duyn, nhng vn thng bt bin. Mc d trong nh tch nhin bt ng, Pht vn c th cm thng linh ng. Cho nn ni: "Nht thit chng sanh nhc can chng tm, Nh Lai tt tri tt kin." (Mi tm tng ca chng sanh, Pht u c th thy, nghe v r bit.) Mi tm tng ca chng sanh, bt lun nhiu hay t, Pht u c th thy, nghe v r bit tt c. V sao Pht c th thy bit tt c? Chnh l nh"nng nhn, tch mc." Bi c Pht c th"nng nhn" nn Ngi thy r c tt c; v nh c th"tch mc" nn Pht thu sut ht mi s. Do , qu v ng lm tng rng khng ai hay bit nhng vic mnh lm, bi Pht c th thy bit tt c. Chng ta tu o, h trong lng c mt phn chn thnh th s c mt phn cm ng, c mi phn chn thnh th s c mi phn cm ng. Nu tm qu v c trm ngn vn c phn chn thnh, th c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni d ang v tr"bn gic tch nhin bt ng," cng c th cm thng linh ng m gip cho qu v c toi nguyn, khin cho qu v c sm thnh tu o nghip. Trn y l ngha ca bn ch"Thch Ca Mu Ni." "Pht" l gi tt t ch"Pht Da," v vn l ting Phn. Vy th Pht l ngi nh th no? Pht chnh l mt bc i Gic Ng. Pht c T Gic, Gic Tha, Gic Hnh Vin Mn - bi Ngi l"Tam Gic vin mn, vn c y" nn c thnh Pht. Cng c th ni Tam Gic tc l Thy Gic, Bn Gic v Cu Cnh Gic - ba loi gic ng ny u hon ton vin mn nn c thnh Pht. Nu chng ta c th y theo gio php ca Pht m chn chnh tu hnh, th chng ta cng s t c loi gic ng v qu v ny. c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni tng dy: "Nht thit chng sanh giai kham tc Pht!" (Tt c chng sanh u c th lm Pht!) V sao ht thy chng sanh u c th thnh Pht? Bi v tt c chng sanh u c Pht tnh! Cho nn, ch cn chu c gng, n lc tu hnh, th chc chn tt c chng ta u s c thnh Pht. C th trong i c Ng Trc. "i c" tc l mt th gii xu xa nht. Ng TrcCha Vn Pht 27/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

tc l nm th trc, d bn; l: Kip Trc (thi i ny ht sc u, bt tnh), Kin Trc (con ngi c nhng kin gii ht sc t vy, bt chnh), Phin No Trc (trong lng con ngi cha y phin no, nh th l bt tnh), Chng Sanh Trc (chng sanh cng bt tnh, khng trong sch), v Mng Trc (thn mng ny ca chng ta cng trc, bt tnh). Theo Kinh Lng Nghim, nu ta b mt nm t vo chu nc trong, th cng nng vn c ca t v nc s b mt i. Vy cng nng vn c ca t (th) l g? L "lu ngi" (lu gi, ngn ngi)! t (th) c tnh gy chng ngi cho nn con ngi c th i li trn t. Nu khng c t, chng ta s b ri vo bin c, bi bn di t l nc, nc c th cun tri t. Bn di nc li l la; cho nn c lc ni la bc pht l do tc dng ca mt s bin ha. Nu ni rng bn di nc l la, vy la ny khng b nc dp tt sao? V la chy qu d di nn nc khng dp tt ni! Mun hiu thu o l ny th qu v phi nghin cu Pht Php thm su hn na mi c. Kinh Lng Nghim cng c chp: "Th tht lu ngi, thy vong thanh khit." (Khi nc v t trn ln, th t mt tnh lu ngi, nc mt tnh thanh khit.) Bi nc b vn c, mt i s thanh khit, cho nn gi l "trc." Ci "Ng Trc c th" ny v nh vng bn d bn - mt hn hp ca nc v t. y l mt th gii khng thanh tnh bi c s hin hu ca nm th trc: 1) Kip Trc. "Kip" l danh t ch thi gian. Thi gian th trc bi chng ta khng th phn nh mt cch r rng l khi no, thi im no. Trc kia c ngi hi ti, th no gi l thi gian? Tht ra, khng c ci gi l "thi gian," khng th no nh r c thi gian. l Kip Trc. 2) Kin Trc. Qu v ngh xem, chng ta c th phn bit ci "thy" ca mnh mt cch r rng hay khng? Tt nhin l khng th c! Chng ta c th phn ranh gii cho ci"thy" ca mi ngi hay khng? Cng khng c! Bi nu qu v ni rng y l ci "thy" ca qu v, kia l ci"thy" ca ti; th th qu v ly g lm ranh gii phn bit gia ci "thy" ca qu v v ci "thy" ca ring ti? Chnh v ci "thy" y l mt hn hp ln xn, khng c ranh gii, khng th phn nh r rng, nn gi l Kin Trc. 3) Phin No Trc. Mi ngi u c phin no - qu v c phin no, ti cng c phin no - phin no ca chng ta trn ln, xen ln vi nhau, khng cch no phn nh cho r c. C ngi ni: "Ti tha bit rng phin no ca ti l ca ti, phin no ca Thy tc l ca Thy - ca ai c ny!" Nu ni nh th th ti sao qu v li c th gy phin no cho ti c? Nu qu tht phin no l ca ti th ng l khng cn qu v gy ra mi phi; cn nu ch tht l ca qu v, th tt nhin cng khng cn ti gy ra, khng cn ti lm cho qu v sanh phin no mi ng ch?! Nh vy, xt ra th phin no cng khng c ranh gii r rt v cng l mt hn hp trc, bt tnh. 4) Chng Sanh Trc. C nhng chng sanh i ny mang thn ngi, song bit u chng i sau li phi u thai lm ch, lm mo, lm chut, hoc lm cnCha Vn Pht 28/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

trng b lung tung khp ni... - khng c g l nht nh c. Nh th th lm sao qu v c th phn bit mt cch r rng c? Chng sanh vi chng sanh cng nhau hp tc m mt "i cng ty," cng khng phn bit nhau c r rng. Trong "i cng ty" ny, nu khng phi mnh b ngi ta em bn, th cng l ngi ta b mnh em bn - tt c u c quan h qua li vi nhau. Nh th khng phi l "trc" sao? Vy, gi l Chng Sanh Trc. 5) Mng Trc. Vn mng ca chng ta cng l hn trc, bt tnh. Mc d nm th trc ny rt phc tp, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni vn c th trong i c Ng Trc - mt th gii xu xa nht - m hin sc i Tr Hu v Thn Thng khng th ngh bn. "Khng th ngh bn" tc l v cng vi diu, chng ta khng ti no ngh ra hoc mng tng ra c. Th g m vi diu, khng th ngh bn nh th? chnh l nng lc t i Tr Hu v i Thn Thng ca c Pht. Kinh vn: ...iu phc nhng chng sanh cang cng, khin cho h bit c php kh, php vui. Ri mi Ngi u sai th gi n vn an c Th Tn. By gi, c Nh Lai mm ci, phng ra trm ngn mun c vng my sng r ln... Lc ging: iu phc nhng chng sanh cang cung. "iu" l iu ha,"phc" l hng phc. Sao gi l "iu ha"? Chng ta mun cho thc n c hng v ngon lnh th phi nm nu sao cho nm v chua, ngt, ng, cay, mn c iu ha, va phi. Nu thc n cay qu th ngi khng quen n cay s khng n c; chua qu th ngi khng thch chua s khng ng n; ng qu th cng c ngi khng thch; m ngt qu th cng c ngi ch, chng mun n! Cho nn cc th gia v phi iu ha, mi loi ch nm va phi, khng nhiu khng t, c c mi v thch ng. Mi ngi thng ch thch thng thc cc mn n hp khu v ca mnh. Tng t nh th, v Pht Php th c ngi thch php mn ny, c ngi thch php mn kia. V tn ngng th c ngi tin Gia T Gio, c ngi tin Hi Gio, c ngi theo o Gio (o Lo), c ngi theo Nho Gio (o Khng). Khng, Lo, Pht, Gia, Hi l nm tn gio ln trn th gii. Tuy ni l nm, nhng trn thc t th ch l mt. V sao li l mt? Bi php m c Pht ni ra th "mi php u l Pht Php," v trong bao hm tt c cc php mn ca mi tn gio. Bt lun l Gia T Gio, Hi Gio, o Gio, hay Nho Gio, ht thy u c bao gm trong "mi php," u khng ngoi "mi php." Khng mt tn gio no c th ni l khng c gio php; bi v nu ni nh th tc l ngoi"mi php," m ngoi mi php" th hon ton khng c mt php no c! "Mi php" u l Pht Php v u l "bt kh c" - u khng th chng c. Th hi c "mi php" u khng hin hu th mi gi l chn chnh "v ti nh." Ti khng h ni rng ti c phng php c bit ny hoc mn n ngon lnh n d d, la phnh qu v. Bi thc s l khng c, ci g cng khng c c! Xa nay vn khng c ci g c! V sao li bit c xa nay ci g cng khng c? Lc T i S tng dy: "B vn khng thn,Cha Vn Pht 29/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Gng sng cng khng i, Xa nay khng mt vt, Ni no bi bm y?" Xa nay vn khng c, vy phi n ni no tm ch cho bi bm? Hon ton khng c! Vy th cn tm bi bm g na? Nu qu v c mt mn c th th cn c ch cho bi bm, nhng v khng c vt g c, do bi bm cng khng c ch bm vo. Cho nn, ngi thng hiu o l th bit rng"mi php u l Pht Php." Tuy nhin, "php" th c php ng v php sai; c php rt ro v php khng rt ro; c php thin v cng c php c. Chng ta tu hnh th phi tu php rt ro (cu cnh php). Hy nu mt v d: T Chu M sang Chu u, nu qu v i bng my bay th nht nh s mau chng ti c ni s nh; cn nu theo ng b th qu v ngh phi mt bao lu? Ngoi vic i b vt v trn t lin, qu v cn phi tri qua nhng gian kh ca ng bin na. Lc gp bin tt phi dng thuyn vt bin, m thuyn th i rt chm, phi mt rt nhiu thi gian; trong khi nu p my bay th li rt nhanh. Tng t nh th, chng ta tu php khng rt ro th phi tu trong mt thi gian rt lu mi c "v ti nh" (thnh Pht). Song, nu tu php rt ro th chng my chc l chng ta "v ti nh" ngay, rt nhanh chng. Nh th, php khng rt ro l g? l tt c cc php ca ngoi o. ng vy, tu php khng rt ro cng c c i cht li ch, nhng rt chm. Tu php rt ro tc l y chiu theo gio php ca c Pht m tu hnh. iu phc, cm ha nhng chng sanh cang cng, trc ht, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni khng ni thng vi h rng nng gin l khng tt; Ngi ch ni: "Ny! Nng tnh cng khng n ni no, v phin no chnh l B . Ngi c tnh nng ny y, song cng chng sao - phin no l B , sanh t l Nit Bn!" Pht lm cho h cm thy:"Mnh c tnh nng ny nhng khng phi l ngi xu. nh rng mnh rt nng tnh, nhng tm B ca mnh cng u phi nh! "Th l h quyt nh th tu sa tm tnh xem sao; v cng th th h cng nhn thy rng h phin no gim bt th B li gia tng. Phin no cng ngy cng gim th B cng ngy cng tng. Gim c phin no, th chnh l B vy. Cho nn, i vi nhng chng sanh tnh tnh cang cng, ng ngnh, th c Pht ging ni th php nh th. Cn i vi nhng chng sanh nhu nhc th sao? Nhng chng sanh nhu nhc tc l nhng k nht nht, t sng n ti h c hi hp s st; thm ch ting mo ku hay ting ch sa cng lm cho h git mnh run s, hn phiu phch tn. Bt c mt ng tnh g cng c th lm cho h ht hong c c; cho nn, c Pht phi dng li du ngt nh d dnh tr con m v v nhng chng sanh nht nht :"Con ng s. Hy bnh tm m hc Pht Php, Pht s gip v ph h cho con!" Cc chng sanh y nghe c lin cm thy an i phn no, trong lng thm ngh rng li ni ca ngi ny tht ng tin cy; v th l h dc lng tin tng Pht Php. Sau khi tin v hc Pht Php, h cng ngy cng bt nht nht, cng ngy cng mnh dn, can m thm. Hng Kng, ti c mt t quy y vn tnh nht nht. Khi cha quy y, anh taCha Vn Pht 30/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

rt s ma v s bng ti. Tri va nh nhem ti l anh ta khng dm bc chn ra khi ca, tnh rt nht gan. Cho d trong nh c ng ngi, anh ta cng vn c nm np s hi, c cm thy xung quanh mnh - tri, phi, trc, sau - ch no cng c ma c. Tuy cha bao gi gp ma, nhng anh ta li rt s ma! Sau khi anh ta quy y Tam Bo, mc d ti khng nim Ch cng chng lm php thut g cho anh ta c, nhng k t th anh ta khng cn thi hay s st na khng s ma m cng chng s bng ti. Ban m nh mt mnh cng khng s, i u lc tri ti cng khng s. Cho nn, i vi nhng chng sanh khng c lng gan d, th chng ta cn phi gip , khin h c can m. Ngoi ra, i vi nhng chng sanh hay khc, th qu v nn khuyn h ch khc lc na, m hy sanh tm hoan h, vui v. Tm li, chng sanh thng mang nhiu thnh kin lch lc, tnh tnh cng thin v, qu qut; cho nn chng ta phi tm cch lm cho h tr v vi trung o, gi c mc qun bnh - nh th gi l "iu phc" vy. Khin cho h bit c php kh, php vui. c Pht c th iu phc cc chng sanh ng ngnh, bng bnh v lm cho h hiu r th no l kh, th no l vui. Nhng chng sanh ny v ng ngnh cho nn kh h cng bt chp m sng h cng bt cn. Th no l kh, th no l sng? H chng h ti! V tnh ng ngnh, kh hay sng h u khng s; h c sng mt cch khng lo khng bun, khng kh khng sng nh th. c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni c kh nng lm cho cc chng sanh ng ngnh ny bit c th no l "chn kh" (au kh tht s) v th no l "chn lc" (an vui tht s). Rt cuc, ci g l "chn kh"? a lc chnh l "chn kh." B a xung a ngc, b a lm ng qu, sc sanh - u l"chn kh." Ci g l "chn lc"? c khai ng, chng qu (nh qu v A La Hn chng hn), thc hnh B Tt o - u l"chn lc" vy. "Kh" vn rt nhiu loi, "vui" cng rt nhiu th, song chng ta by gi bit c ngha tng qut l c ri. Vy, "bit c php kh, php vui" tc l bit c "mi v" ca au kh v ca an vui. Ri mi Ngi u sai th gi n vn an c Th Tn. Cc v i B Tt, Ma Ha Tt khp mi phng quc u khng i mt mnh. Mi B Tt thng dn theo mt, hai, ba hoc bn th gi; c v li thch dt theo nhiu th gi, c khi ng ti my trm, my ngn, my vn th gi. Lc by gi, mi v B Tt u phi ngi th gi theo hu bn cnh mnh n hi thm c Pht. Hi thm nh th no? H ng n trc mt Pht v tha hi rng: "Bch c Th Tn, chng hay Ngi c c t bnh, t phin no chng? Ngi c c an vui chng? Chng sanh c d chng?" Cc th gi u hi han c Th Tn nh vy. By gi, c Nh Lai mm ci, phng ra trm ngn mun c vng my sng r ln. Khi y, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni mm ci - khng phi ci ln m l ci chm chm - v phng ra hng trm ngn vn c m my sng to ln. Kinh vn: ...nh l vng my sng i Vin Mn, vng my sng i T Bi, vng my sng i Tr Hu, vng my sng i Bt Nh, vng my sng i Tam Mui, vng my sng i Kit Tng, vng my sng i Phc c, vng my sng i Cng c, vng my sng i Quy Y, vng my sng i Tn Thn. c Pht phng raCha Vn Pht 31/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

khng th ni ht vng my sng r nh th... Lc ging: c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni phng ra trm ngn vn c vng my sng to ln. Trm ngn vn c vng my ny bao gm rt nhiu chng loi, song y ch nu ra mi loi tiu biu cho Thp Tha Qun Php v Thp Php Gii m thi. Vy, lc by gi, c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni phng ra cc vng my sng nh l: 1) Vng my sng i Vin Mn. Loi my sng ny biu th Pht o chiu soi khp c Php Gii. "Vin mn" tc l trn y, trn vn - khp mi ni, khng mt ni no d nh nh ht bi m khng c ng my quang minh ny gii nh sng ti. Tn h khng, khp Php Gii, ni ni u c bao ph bi m my sng ny. Vy, vng my sng i Vin Mn tiu biu cho Pht o vin mn. 2) Vng my sng i T Bi. y l tiu biu cho B Tt o. Lng "t" c th ban vui; tm "bi" c th dit kh - con ng m cc v B Tt eo ui chnh l ban pht nim vui cho chng sanh v gip chng sanh dt tr mi kh no. Chng sanh thch nim vui g th ch B Tt ban cho nim vui - thch ngt cho ngt, mun chua cho chua. Thu xa, B Tt Ph Hin tng gi nhim v Hnh ng trong cha. Hnh ng l th no? l lo vic ly thm cm hoc thc n cho ngi xut gia trong lc h th trai. Thng thng, khi ngi xut gia th trai th c mt ngi tc trc bn cnh gip h bi cm v thc n vo bt; n ht th a bt cho ngi y ly thm. Khi gi nhim v ny, B Tt Ph Hin thng mang theo bn mnh nhng chai l lnh knh ng loi gia v nm thm vo thc n cho va khu v ca mi ngi - h ai mun ngt hn th Ngi cho thm ng, thch chua hn th Ngi cho thm gim, thch cay hn th Ngi cho thm t... Tuy nhin, c khi Ngi va rt thm gim cho ngi thch n chua th ngi y li phn nn: " hay, ti khng thch chua qu; ti sao ng li thm nhiu gim n th?" Hoc c ngi mun cay hn na, nhng Ngi v ngi rng nu cay qu th kh n nn ch a thm mt cht t m thi, th ngi li cn nhn: "Thm mt cht na! Sao t qu vy?" gi l: "Ph Hin B Tt nan mn chng sanh nguyn!" (B Tt Ph Hin kh th tha mn mun ca chng sanh.) Cho nhiu th ch d, cho t th ch thiu - qu v xem, tht l rc ri, phc tp! Cho nn, lm B Tt khng phi l chuyn d! Khng Phu T ca Trung Hoa c ni rng: "Duy n t d tiu nhn vi nan dng d. Cn chi, tc bt tn; vin chi, tc on." (Ngi n v k tiu nhn u kh i ph. Gn th khinh ln, xa th on trch.)

Cha Vn Pht

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Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Ngi n v k tiu nhn u kh i ph. Ti sao li kh? V nu qu v gn gi, d di vi h, th h khinh ln, khng n l l v khng gi php tc; cn nu qu v xa cch, nghim ngh vi h th h li on ght, hn trch. Cho nn, ng ph vi h khng phi l chuyn d. Khng T c l tng tri, giu kinh nghim v mt ny, cho nn mi tht ra nhng li xc ng nh th! B Tt i x vi chng sanh cng vy - qu tt hoc qu t th u khng hp vi Trung o. Cho nn, Ph Hin B Tt cng kh m lm cho chng sanh c va , hi lng. Thc hnh hnh B Tt l iu khng phi d - mnh st sng lo cho ngi ta, nhng h li khng chu "bit "! Tm li, i T Bi Quang Minh Vn l biu th cho B Tt o. 3) Vng my sng i Tr Hu. Vng my ny biu th cho Duyn Gic o. Duyn Gic l nhng bc nh tu php Thp Nh Nhn Duyn m thnh o; v nh th, cn phi c i Tr Hu. Cc ngi qun st Thp Nh Nhn Duyn, thu trit o l sanh dit, bit r vn vt thy u t sanh t dit; ri hot nhin c t ng, t Pht tnh sn c bn ny sanh mt th tr hu chn chnh. Do , m my sng i Tr Hu ny l tiu biu cho Duyn Gic o. Thp Nh Nhn Duyn tc l mi hai ci nhn duyn nu ko nhau: V Minh duyn Hnh, Hnh duyn Thc, Thc duyn Danh Sc, Danh Sc duyn Lc Nhp, Lc Nhp duyn Xc, Xc duyn Th, Th duyn i, i duyn Th, Th duyn Hu, Hu duyn Sanh, Sanh duyn Lo, T. y gi l"thun sanh mn" (lu chuyn mn - s xoay vn). Cn "hon dit mn" (dit tr tr li) tc l: V Minh dit th Hnh dit, Hnh dit th Thc dit, Thc dit th Danh Sc dit, Danh Sc dit th Lc Nhp dit, Lc Nhp dit th Xc dit, Xc dit th Th dit, Th dit th i dit, i dit th Th dit, Th dit th Hu dit, Hu dit th Sanh dit, Sanh dit th Lo, T dit. Nh vy, nu ph tr c v minh th tt c u khng ny sanh. Bc Duyn Gic qun st n im ny lin ph b v minh trc nht. Bi tt c u t v minh m ra, cho nn mt khi v minh b ph hy th tr hu chn chnh s ny sanh. 4) Vng my sng i Bt Nh. "Bt Nh" tc l tr hu, v gm c ba loi l Vn T Bt Nh, Thc Tng Bt Nh v Qun Chiu Bt Nh. Bc Thanh Vn da vo Vn T Bt Nh m sanh khi Qun Chiu Bt Nh, ri do Qun Chiu Bt Nh m t n Thc Tng Bt Nh, v v t n Thc Tng Bt Nh cho nn chng c qu v A La Hn. Vy, m my sng i Bt Nh l tiu biu cho Thanh Vn Tha. 5) Vng my sng i Tam Mui. "Tam Mui" l ting Phn, Trung Hoa dch l nh. Thin nhn (ngi ci tri) tu hnh bc thng phm ca Thp Thin th c c th nh lc ny, chng c T Thin Bt nh (bn Thin, tm nh). T Thin l bao gm T Thin Thin, Tam Thin Thin, Nh Thin Thin v S Thin Thin. S Thin gi l Ly Sanh H Lc a, Nh Thin gi l nh Sanh H Lc a, Tam Thin gi l Ly H Diu Lc a ("ly h" tc l ri b s vui v, sung sng), v T ThinCha Vn Pht 33/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

gi l X Nim Thanh Tnh a. Li cn c T Khng X - Khng V Bin X Thin, Thc V Bin X Thin, V S Hu X Thin, Phi Tng Phi Phi Tng X Thin. Nh vy, hp li gi chung l T Thin Bt nh. Ch thin y u c nh lc, v u tu bc thng phm ca Thp Thin. (Thp Thin gm c thng phm, trung phm v h phm.) H nh th Tam Quy v tr Ng Gii cho nn c sanh ln ci tri. 6) Vng my sng i Kit Tng. Vng my ny tiu biu cho Nhn o (ci ngi). Con ngi, ai ai cng mun mi s c kit tng. Ngi Trung Hoa thng dng hai ch ny i i vi nhau - "kit" l may mn thun li,"tng" l im lnh - ni chung l ch s tt p. Nhng chng sanh tu bc trung phm ca Thp Thin, th Tam Quy, tr Ng Gii, th c sanh vo ci ngi. 7) Vng my sng i Phc c. y l biu th Tu-La o (ci A-tu-la). A-tu-la c lc ci tri, c lc nhn gian, trong loi sc sanh hoc trong ng ng qu. Ni chung th A-tu-la cng c phc c ln; cho nn vng my sng ny soi chiu ci A-tu-la. 8) Vng my sng i Cng c. y l biu th Sc Sanh o (ci sc sanh). c Pht phng vng my sng i Cng c ny khin cho tt c nghip ti ca loi sc sanh u tiu tr, v tng lai c th la kh, c vui. 9) Vng my sng i Quy Y. y l biu th cho Ng Qu o (ci qu i). c Pht phng vng my sng ny khin cho tt c ng qu u b c theo thin, sa i li chnh mnh cho tt, v cng nhau pht tm quy y Tam Bo. Qu cng c th c quy y Tam Bo. 10) Vng my sng i Tn Thn. y l biu th cho a Ngc o. c Pht phng vng my sng ny vi lng khen ngi. Nhng chng sanh chn a ngc trng thy vng my sng ny th u la kh c vui, sa sai hng thin, pht B tm. Mi vng my sng ny tiu biu cho c nghi ca chng sanh trong Thp o, tc l mi no ng hoc mi ci gii. c Pht Thch Ca Nu Ni phng ra nhiu m my sng nh vy, khin cho chng sanh trong mi Php Gii u pht tm tu hnh sm thnh Pht o. c Pht phng ra bt kh thuyt vng my sng r nh th - sau khi c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni phng ra nhng vng my sng k diu khng t xit ny, th th no? Kinh vn: ...ri li pht ra cc m thanh vi diu, nh l ting n Ba La Mt, ting Thi Ba La Mt, ting Sn Ba La Mt, ting T Ly Da Ba La Mt, ting Thin Ba La Mt, ting Bt Nh Ba La Mt, ting T Bi, ting H X, ting Gii Thot, ting V Lu... Lc ging: Ri c Th Tn li pht ra cc m thanh vi diu. Pht pht ra khng phi ch mt loiCha Vn Pht 34/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

m l v s loi m thanh. "Vi" l m du, nh nh - m thanh khng m chi tai, m rt l hi ha, du dng."Diu" l thnh tht, trong v r - ging ni ca Pht rt thnh tht, vi diu. Pht ch dng mt th m thanh thuyt php, nhng bt c loi chng sanh no nghe thy cng u hiu c c; thm ch nhng ngi tuy khc quc gia, bt ng ngn ng, cng c th hiu c nh nhau. Mc d Pht ch ni bng mt th ting, nhng ngi Nht nghe th hiu l ting Nht, ngi Anh nghe th hiu l ting Anh, ngi Php nghe th hiu l ting Php, ngi Ty Ban Nha nghe th hiu l ting Ty Ban Nha... Tuy rng ngn ng mi nc mi khc nhau, nhng tt c u hiu c ting ca Pht m khng cn phi phin dch. Cnh gii ca Pht vn khng th ngh bn; cho nn ni: Pht d nht m din thuyt Php, Chng sanh ty loi cc c gii. (Pht ch dng mt loi m thanh thuyt php nhng mi loi chng sanh u hiu c.) "m" ngha l g? Ch"m" y c th ging l ng ngha vi ch"m," tc l"ung." V sao gi l"ung"? Bi m thanh y"rt" thng vo lng qu v, khin qu v nghe v hiu thng sut, chng khc no"ung" tng li vy. Ch "m" ny li cng c th ging theo ngha ca ch "n," tc l "n giu." Bi m thanh th c ln c nh, khi vang khi bt, chng khc no lc n lc hin, cho nn gi l "n." c Pht c cnh gii khng th ngh bn - Php m ca Ngi, chng sanh nghe nhn u khng ging nhau. Ngi ny nghe ra l th ting ny, ngi khc nghe ra l th ting khc. Tht ra th vn ch l mt loi m thanh m thi, nhng chng sanh v chng loi bt ng, nn ci "nghe" cng c s khc bit. m thanh ca Pht c th truyn i bao xa? Tn Gi Mc Kin Lin, v t thn thng bc nht ca Pht, th nghim bng cch dng thn thng hng v Hng h sa s th gii pha ng nghe xem m thanh ca Pht truyn i c bao xa. Vt qua Hng h sa s th gii nh th m Tn Gi vn nghe c m thanh ca Pht r mn mt nh ang i din vi c Pht vy; cho nn m thanh ca Pht tht khng th ngh bn. Lc by gi c Pht pht ra rt nhiu loi m thanh ch khng phi ch c mt loi; vy th tng cng c bao nhiu loi? Nh l ting n Ba La Mt. "n" l n-na (Dana), v vn l ting Phn; Trung Hoa dch l "b th." B th, trc kia ging nhiu ln ri. B th th gm c ti th, php th v v y th. Mc d mi ngi u hiu ri, nhng nay gii thch cn k hn v ngha ca"b th." B th m khng chp trc tng b th th mi l s b th chn chnh. B th m c s chp tng th qu bo s l sanh v ci tri; cn b th m khng chp tng th c qu bo thuc loi v lu. "Khng chp tng" tc l tuy c hnh ng song trong lng khng so o, nh ngh n. V d nh mnh b th cho ai mt s tin, thm tm lin ngh: "A! Th l phen ny mnh lm c mt vic thin, tng lai mnh sCha Vn Pht 35/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

c hng phc bo!" Lun suy ngh, tnh ton nh vy th rt cuc li khng c phc bo; cho d c c phc bo i chng na th cng ch l sanh ln ci tri m thi, ch khng th hng c th phc bo v lu. Phi nh th no mi gi l b th khng chp tng? Phi t n cnh gii "tam lun th khng" - khng c nng th (ngi cho), khng c s th (vt em cho) v cng khng c th gi (ngi nhn). Th no gi l "nng th"? Th no gi l "s th"?" Nng th" tc l b th m cn c ci "ng," khng qun c ci"ti." V d c nh rng: "Mnh cng dng mt s tin xy cha, c tng Pht, in kinh in"; ri sanh tm chp trc. Chp trc nh th no? C ngh rng mnh l ngi c kh nng b th, c thy mnh l ngi dm xut ra nm vn ng cng dng! l "nng th." "S th" tc l nhng th c mang ra b th. Nh ngh rng: "Mnh b ra nm vn ng lm vic b th. Mnh cng dng tin bc ct cha, in kinh, tc tng. Mnh lm cng qu, to c cng c. Mnh c gp phn b th. Mnh l k c cng b th, c em ca ci ra b th." C nng th v s th ri, tt phi c "th gi," tc l ngi th nhn ca em cho, th mi hon tt s b th. "Th gi" th c nng th v s th. Th no gi l "nng th"? Chng hn c mt ngi xut ra nm vn ng b th cho ti, th ti chnh l "nng th" - k th nhn; cn s tin m ti th nhn t ngi y chnh l"s th." Khng c nng th th cng khng c s th. khng c nng th, s th, th cng khng c nng th, s th - tc l khng c th gi - gi l "tam lun th khng." Cho nn, b th m khng chp trc vo tng b th th mi gi l s b th "tam lun th khng." "Ba La Mt (paramita)" l ting Phn, Trung Hoa dch l "o b ngn" (n b bn kia), v cng l "b ngn o." "o b ngn" l ni theo ng php ca ting Trung Hoa; cn "b ngn o" l ni theo ng php ca ting Phn (n ) v ting Anh, c hi khc vi vn phm ca Trung vn. Vy, "o b ngn" v "b ngn o," ni tm li l "o" ci "b ngn" no? "n b bn kia" (o b ngn) ng rng tt c nhng vic m chng ta lm thnh cng ri, chng ta t mc ch, thc hin c iu mnh hng mong mun. V d, hin nay chng ta mun chm dt s sanh t, th i vi chng ta, sanh t l "b bn ny" (th ngn), cn Nit Bn l "b bn kia" (b ngn). Nh th, t b sanh t bn ny m vt qua c con sng phin no, ti c b Nit Bn bn kia, gi l "n b bn kia." Chng ta t th gii ny mun n th gii Thng Tch Quang ca Pht, nu by gi khi hnh th n khi ti ni, cng gi l "n b bn kia." T b bn ny ca phm phu m sang n b bn kia ca Thnh nhn, chng c Thnh qu, cng gi l "n b bn kia." Trc kia chng ta cha thng hiu Pht Php, nay li hiu r Pht Php, tc l chng ta cng"n b bn kia" vy. Tuy nhin, "n b bn kia" th c "b bn kia rt ro" v "b bn kia khng rt ro."Cha Vn Pht 36/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

Th no l "b bn kia rt ro"? Th no l "b bn kia khng rt ro"? Phm phu chng ta nu chng c S Qu tc l n c "b bn kia" ca S Qu ch cha n c "b bn kia" ca Nh Qu. Chng c Nh Qu tc l n "b bn kia" ca Nh Qu, ch cha n c "b bn kia" ca Tam Qu. Chng c Tam Qu tc l n c "b bn kia" ca Tam Qu. Chng c T Qu tc l n c"b bn kia" ca T Qu, ch vn cha n c "b bn kia" ca B Tt. Chng c tri kin v tr hu ca B Tt tc l n c"b bn kia" ca B Tt, ch cha phi l ca ch Pht. Phi chng c Pht Qu th mi l t n ci "b bn kia rt ro," v cng chnh l ci "b bn kia" cui cng. Cho nn, ngha ca ba ch "o b ngn" (n b bn kia) v cng thm o. Nay ti ch ging s lc o l ny, sau khi hiu r ngha ca t ng "n b bn kia" ri, qu v hy suy rng ra, b sung thm, t n ch rt ro ca "b bn kia." Ni nh vy cng c ngha l tuy ti ging rt t, song qu v c th da vo nhng o l ti ging m suy rng, b tc, trin khai vn cho bao qut hn; nh th th ti ch ging mt m qu v c th lnh hi c mi hoc trm. Ngoi ra, nh by gi bt u ging kinh, hai ting ng h sau th ging xong, l "n b bn kia," l "Ba La Mt" - bui ging kinh "n b bn kia" vy. Li na, t lc bt u ging cu "Ti nghe nh vy" (nh th ng vn), c th ni l chng ta cn "b bn ny" (th ngn); n khi ging xong cu "tt c vui v, tn th m lui ra" (giai i hoan h, tn th nhi kh), l chng ta "n b bn kia" - sang n b bn kia ri. Tm li, lm vic g m thnh cng, t mc ch ri, th l "n b bn kia." Qu v hiu thu sut t ng "n b bn kia" ny, tc l qu v cng "n b bn kia" vy. Mc ch ti hu ca chng ta l thnh Pht, chng c A Nu a La Tam Miu Tam B , c qu V Thng Chnh ng Chnh Gic, th mc ch cng chnh l "b bn kia" (b ngn) ca chng ta vy. Ting Thi Ba La Mt. "Thi" l ting Phn, ni y l "Thi La" (Sila); Trung Hoa dch l "thanh lng." "Thanh" l thanh tnh, trong sch; "lng" l lng sng, mt m. Vy, "thanh lng" c ngha l va sch s va mt m; ng rng chng nhng khng c phin no m cn c thoi mi, thanh thn na. "Thi La" cn c dch l "phng ch" (ngn dt). Mi quc gia u c d b qun i, phng khi nc khc khng gi quy c, xm ln t nc mnh, th mnh c binh lnh sn sng chng c; gi l "quc phng" - s phng b ca quc gia. Gia nh c s phng b ca gia nh, mi c nhn u c s phng b ca ring mnh. y l ni v s phng b ca mnh i vi chnh mnh. Th no gi l "phng ch"? l "phng b" m"nh ch." Phng b vic g? Tc l phng tt c iu c, nh ch tt c vic c, tuyt i khng lm iu c. V, chnh l: Ch c mc tc, Chng thin phng hnh. (Ch lm cc vic c, Vng lm mi vic lnh.) Khi xa c mt c s n xin mt v Ha Thng gii thch cho ng bit Pht Php l g. Ha Thng p: "Ch c mc tc, chng thin phng hnh."Cha Vn Pht 37/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

V c s lin ni: "Bch Ha Thng, iu ti mun bit l Pht Php. Cn chuyn 'ch c mc tc, chng thin phng hnh,' th a b ln ba cng bit c, sao Ngi li bo l Pht Php?" Ha Thng p: "Tuy a b ba tui hiu c, nhng ng gi tm mi khng lm c!" "Ch c mc tc."- Ch lm cc vic c - Ch c" tc l tt c mi ci c, m cng l mt trong nhng vic c. Ch "ch" ny l ch s nhiu, m cng c th hiu l mt. V d, qu v lm c mt vic c th nht tt s lm c vic c th hai, lm vic c th hai ri qu v s lm vic c th ba, lm vic c th ba ri tt qu v s khng ngn ngi m lm vic c th t, cho n c trm ngn vn iu c - nh th, tt c u khi s t con s mt, t mt vic c ban u m sinh si ny n ri tch ly dn dn. Ging nh tri ni, qu v thy to ln nh vy, nhng thc t n c kt thnh t nhng ht bi nh, v s ht bi kt t li hnh thnh mt hn ni. Cho nn qu v ni "nhiu," nhng "nhiu" rt cuc l bao nhiu? Khng c s lng nht nh! Th th chi bng c ni l "mt," nh vy cn d hiu hn! V th, ngay c mt vic c cn con cng khng nn lm; chnh l "ch lm cc vic c" vy. Nu nh ni "ch lm cc vic c," e rng c ngi li ngh: " l ni khng nn lm nhiu vic c, cn mt vic c ny thi th u phi l nhiu, mnh c lm cng chng sao!" Cho nn, y ti nhn mnh l mt vic c cn khng nn lm, hung h l nhiu vic c! Nhiu th cng khng nn lm. Vy, iu trng yu nht, vi diu nht l mt vic c cng khng lm! "Chng thin phng hnh." - Vng lm mi vic lnh - "Chng" l nhiu; ng ngha vi ch "ch." "Chng thin phng hnh" ngha l tt c mi vic thin, bt k l ln hay nh, chng ta u nn lm, chng nn b st mt vic no. Cho d l chuyn nh nht, nhng min l vic tt th cng nn lm. Bng khng, nu b qua, th s b thiu mt vic thin nh , m nh th th khng th gi l "chng thin" c! "Chng" l ton th i dng, trn vn, khng thiu mt cht g. Do , khng th ni rng: "Ti ch lm vic thin ny thi; ti khng thch lm vic thin kia!" Lm thin s th d nhiu hay t, d ln hay nh, chng ta cng u nn lm tt c. Cn i vi vic c th hon ton tri ngc - vic c, bt k l ln hay nh, nhiu hay t, chng ta u tuyt i khng nn phm. Nu qu v lm iu c bt chp ln nh, nh th l in o y! Cho nn, s d v Ha Thng ny ni: "Tuy a b ba tui hiu c, nhng ng gi tm mi khng lm c," l v chng ta lm m cha t ti ch vin mn. "Thi La" cn c ngha l Gii - Gii Lut. Khi c Pht sp nhp Nit Bn, ngi A Nan thnh vn bn iu, v mt trong bn iu y l khi Pht cn ti th th chng t th Pht lm Thy, vy sau khi Pht nhp Nit Bn ri th phi tn ai lm Thy. By gi, c Pht dy rng: "Chng t xut gia phi ly Gii lm Thy!" Nhng gii lut y chnh l "ch lm cc vic c, vng lm mi vic lnh," v cng chnh l "ch c, phng phi" - ngn dt iu c, phng vic quy. Cho nn c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni ni Thi La Ba La Mt. "Gii" l ti trng yu, l quan trng nht. B th l vn quan trng nht trong vic tuCha Vn Pht 38/386 www.dharmasite.net

Kinh a Tng B Tt Bn Nguyn Cng c Thin Thch

Ha Thng TUYN HA

hnh, m tr Gii li cng l vn quan trng nht. Sao c nhiu vn "quan trng nht" vy? Trong Pht Php khng c th nh, m ton l th nht, bt c php no cng u l th nht c! C ngi hi ti: "Pht Php c tm vn bn ngn php mn, vy php mn no l nht, cao nht, vi diu nht?" Qu v on ti tr li nh th no? Ti ni: "Pht Php c tm vn bn ngn php mn, th c tm vn bn ngn php mn l nht, l s mt, khng c php mn no l hng nh c!" V sao ti ni nh vy? Tm vn bn ngn php mn l i tr tm vn bn ngn tt bnh ca chng sanh. Mi chng sanh u mc mt chng bnh khc nhau, th th, php mn no tr lnh c bnh ca ngi no, th php mn y l hng nht i vi ngi vy! Th d nh cc dc phm, c th th tr nhc u, c th th tr au c, hoc au mt, au tai, nhc rng, s mi..., c th th tr cc chng bnh khc trong c th; vy qu v ni th thuc no l hay nht, l s mt? Nu ni rng thuc nhc u l s mt cn thuc au mt l s hai, tc l sai lm! Qu v mc chng nhc u, ung thuc au u vo th ht nhc, th thuc y l s mt; qu v b bnh au mt, ung thuc au mt ri th ht au, th thuc ny cng l s mt vy. Loi ngi chng ta u c "bnh" tham, sn, si; nu qu v hiu Pht Php ri tr c "bnh" tham trong tm mnh, th php mn tr tm tham y l nht; nu qu v hiu Pht Php ri tr c "bnh" sn, th php mn tr tm sn y l nht; v nu qu v hiu Pht Php ri dt tr c lng si m, th php mn tr tm si y l nht. Chng sanh c tm vn bn ngn thi h tt xu, Pht bn ging ni tm vn bn ngn php mn i tr nhng thi h tt xu y. H php mn no tr dt c bnh ca qu v th php mn y l s mt; bng khng th khng gi l s mt c. Do , tm vn bn ngn php mn u l tm vn bn ngn php mn thuc loi s mt c! Kinh Kim Cang dy:"Php y bnh ng, khng c cao thp." khng c cao thp cho nn ti ni c tm vn bn ngn php mn u l s mt, l nht, qu v bo nh th c phi l Pht Php khng? Ti ging kinh khng ging nh cc ngi khc - nh "ch c mc tc," th ch "ch" phi ging l "nhiu," khng th no l "mt" c! Ti th khc! Ti p dng ng php ca ting Anh, o ngc li truy tm t u. Bi ti khng bit v s hc, con s nhiu qu lm ti khng bit u vo u na. Liu mnh khng theo kp, ti bn quy tr li n u. Th d c ngi chy rt nhanh, ngi quo, ti cng quo, c th m chy theo ngi y. Song ngi y chy qu nhanh, bit mnh khng th no bt kp c, ti bn quay u chy ngc hng li tc th n c anh ta! Qu v xem, ti ging Kinh cng theo phng thc y - s mc qu nhiu, m khng ni, do vy ti ni l"mt" cho n gin. Nh th, chng nhng ti m ngay c a tr con cng c th hiu c! l cch ging ca ti! "Thi La Ba La Mt." "Thi La" l tr Gii. Ngi tr Gii th rt nhiu, nhng ngi m ti mun ni n chnh l o Tuyn Lut S. o Tuyn Lut S l mt v Php S tr Gii nghim minh bc nht v nghin cu Gii Lut cao thm nht Trung Hoa. Ngi do tr Gii tinh nghim m khin cho ch