KINGDOMS EUBACTERIA AND ARCHEABACTERIA

Pages 460-466

Three Domains

Kingdom Eubacteria

◦True bacteria

◦Unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus)

◦Heterotrophic or autotrophic (chemosynthesis and

photosynthesis)

◦Have a cell wall

KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

Harmful vs. Helpful Bacteria

Harmful Bacteria Helpful Bacteria

Cause diseases such as: staph

infection, strep throat, cholera,

tetanus, tuberculosis, and

bubonic plague

Help animals digest food

Cause tooth decay and gum disease Break down dead things

Can destroy roads and pipelines Make oxygen (cyanobacteria)

Spoils food Create food: yogurt, cheese, sour

cream, pickles, soy sauce and

sourdough bread.

Bacterial Reproduction

◦Reproduce asexually

through binary fission

◦ One cell splits to become two

cells

◦Sometimes one bacterial

cell will exchange DNA

with another through

conjugation

Kingdom Archaebacteria

◦ Unicellular, Prokaryotic

◦ Archaebacteria = ancient bacteria

◦ Autotrophic (chemosynthesis) or heterotrophic

◦ Many are extremophiles = lovers of extreme conditions

◦ Most have cell walls

◦ Archaebacteria are more similar to eukarya than eubacteria

Kingdom Archeabacteria

Types of Archaebacteria

Type of Archaebacteria Characteristics Where they can be found

MethanogensConvert H2 and CO2

into CH4

Anaerobic environments

(deep fresh water, marine

mud, swamp mud, sewage)

Halophiles Salt loving Great Salt Lake and Dead

Sea

Thermoacidophiles

thrive in hot acidic

places (230 F and pH

> 2)

Hydrothermal vents, volcanic

vents

What about viruses?

◦ Not considered to be alive, need a host

◦ Can’t maintain homeostasis

◦ Can’t carry out metabolism by themselves

◦ Can’t reproduce by themselves

◦ Made of a protein coat and genetic material