Kingdom Plantae…aka Kingdom Plantae…aka Plants!Plants!

Plants:Plants: many shapes, sizes, & internal structuresmany shapes, sizes, & internal structures 2 phyla for plants: 2 phyla for plants:

tracheophytes = vascular tissue tracheophytes = vascular tissue

( true roots, leaves and stems)( true roots, leaves and stems) SeedlessSeedless Seeded Seeded

bryophytes = nonvascular plants bryophytes = nonvascular plants

( no true roots, stems, leaves)( no true roots, stems, leaves) Provide most living things with food & OProvide most living things with food & O22 Are Autotrophs Are Autotrophs Are EukaryotesAre Eukaryotes

Non Vascular PlantsNon Vascular PlantsA.k.a- BryophytesA.k.a- BryophytesLow growing plantsLow growing plantsLack vacular tissueLack vacular tissue

Xylem- tubes transport waterXylem- tubes transport waterPhloem – tubes transport Phloem – tubes transport food…GLUCOSE!food…GLUCOSE!

Characteristics:Characteristics:AutotrophsMulti-cellularAsexual reproduction

sporesSexual reproduction

Sperm and egg cellsRequire water to reproduce

Eukaryotic

Examples Include:Examples Include:MossesMosses Liverworts Liverworts

HornwortsHornworts

Vascular PlantsVascular Plants

A.k.a…TracheopytesA.k.a…TracheopytesContain true roots, leaves and Contain true roots, leaves and stemsstems

Have vascular bundlesHave vascular bundlesCan be seedless Can be seedless Can be seededCan be seeded

Non seeded vascular plantsNon seeded vascular plants

Have vascular tissueHave vascular tissueDo not use seeds to reproduceDo not use seeds to reproduceEx. Horsetails, & FernsEx. Horsetails, & Ferns

Seeded Plants:Seeded Plants:Have vascular tissueHave vascular tissueProduce seeds (to reproduce)Produce seeds (to reproduce)

1. 1. Gymnosperms:Gymnosperms: Cone bearing plantsCone bearing plants

2. 2. Angiosperms:Angiosperms: Flower bearing plantsFlower bearing plants

Characteristics of Seeded Plants:Characteristics of Seeded Plants:

Seeds made up of:Seeds made up of:1.1. Embryo – fertilized seed: develop into the Embryo – fertilized seed: develop into the

young plantsyoung plants

2.2. Stored food Stored food

3.3. Seed coatSeed coat

Gymnosperms:Gymnosperms:Produce “naked seeds”Produce “naked seeds”No fruit coveringNo fruit coveringNeedlelike/scale-like leavesNeedlelike/scale-like leavesCones are reproductive structuresCones are reproductive structuresMale and female conesMale and female conesInclude cycads, ginkos, gnetophytes Include cycads, ginkos, gnetophytes

and conifersand conifers

Cycad

Ginko biloba

AngiospermsAngiospermsFlowering plantsFlowering plantsPlants which produced seeds Plants which produced seeds

which are protected by fruitwhich are protected by fruit2 categories:2 categories:

MonocotsMonocotsDicotsDicots

Monocots:Monocots:

Having only one seed leaf or cotyledonHaving only one seed leaf or cotyledonLeaves have parallel veinationLeaves have parallel veinationFlower petals in 3’s or multiple of 3’sFlower petals in 3’s or multiple of 3’sScattered Vascular bundles within the Scattered Vascular bundles within the

stem ( cross section)stem ( cross section)

Dicot:Dicot:

Having 2 seed leaves or cotlyledonsHaving 2 seed leaves or cotlyledonsNetted veinetionNetted veinetionFlowers in 4/5’s or multiples of 4/5’sFlowers in 4/5’s or multiples of 4/5’sVascular bundles are arranged wihtin the Vascular bundles are arranged wihtin the

stem (cross section)stem (cross section)

Monocot vs. DicotMonocot vs. DicotVenation:Venation:

Parallel venation Net venation

Monocot vs DicotMonocot vs DicotFlowersFlowers

3’s or multiple of 3’s 4/5’s or multiple of 4/5’s

Monocot vs. DicotMonocot vs. Dicot

1 cotyledon 2 cotyledon

REMEMBER!!!REMEMBER!!! Cells are different from animal cells:Cells are different from animal cells:

a.a. plants have cell wall and plants have cell wall and animal cells do notanimal cells do not

b. vacuole large in plants, small b. vacuole large in plants, small in animal cellsin animal cells

c. plants have c. plants have chloroplastschloroplasts, , animal cells do notanimal cells do not