kilian schmidtner/klaus thoden - the missing links: defining the mamluk empire as a node, and what...
TRANSCRIPT
co-funded by the European Union
The Missing Links: Defining the Mamluk Empire as a Node, and What the Network Knows about It
Kilian Schmidtner – Klaus ThodenEverything is on the Move: The “Mamluk Empire” as a Node in (Trans-)Regional Networks. 6th-9th December 2012
The Past, the Present and ...
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“In Enquire, I could type in a page of information about a person, a device, or a program. Each page was a "node" in the program, a little like a index card. The only way to create a new node was to make a link from an old node. The links from and to a node would show up as a numbered list at the bottom of each page, much like the list of references at the end of an academic paper.”
Tim Berners-Lee: Weaving the Web. 1998, p. 10.
What you will learn
RDFResource Description Frameworkhttp://www.w3.org/RDF/
XMLExtensible Markup Languagehttp://www.w3.org/XML
TEIText Encoding Initiativehttp://www.tei-c.org
METS Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard
http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/
And what the Network knows about It …
404.12.12
1. Looking back: Where are the Mamluks in German Orientalist Research (ca. 1850-1950)?
2. Setng Links: Weaving a Web of Mamluk Resources by following the Traces in Secondary Literature.
3. Diving into Texts: Relatonships between Textual Sources
4. The Medieval Hypertext: Authors and their Relatonship in scientfic Manuscripts (ISMI)
Who we are
504.12.12
DM2E - Digitzed Manuscripts to Europeana
http://dm2e.eu/
Europeana
http://www.europeana.eu/portal/
•Humboldt Universität Berlin, DE•European Associaton for Jewish Culture•ExLibris, DE•Universität Mannheim, DE•Max-Planck-Insttut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, DE•Natonal Technical University of Athens, GR•Net7, IT•Open Knowledge Foundaton, UK•Österreichische Natonalbibliothek•Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, DE•University of Bergen, NO
What we do
604.12.12
Europeana
Kalliope
RDF
Handschriften-abteilung
ImagesOrient-abteilung
ISMI
States Library Berlin
OPACkalliope.staatsbibliothek-
berlin.de
Max Planck Institute for the History of Science
OPACcoming soon
SBB-digitalsbb-digital.
staatsbibliothek-berlin.de
ismihttp://ismi-dev.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/home
RDF – Resource Description Framework
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RDF – Resource Description Framework
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• Subject – Predicate – Object
<gnd:Person rdf:about="http://d-nb.info/gnd/102747083"><gnd:preferredNameForThePerson> Littmann, Enno
</gnd:preferredNameForThePerson>
RDF – Resource Description Framework
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• Subject – Predicate – Object
<gnd:Person rdf:about="http://d-nb.info/gnd/102747083"><gnd:preferredNameForThePerson> Littmann, Enno
</gnd:preferredNameForThePerson>
OWL – Web Ontology Language
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• Controlled vocabularies• Domain specific• Vocabulary for books and publicatons: BIBO
• OWL for Mamluk officials' ttles
Linked Data
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• GND • "Mameluckenreich" • http://d-nb.info/gnd/4405212-1• Who was mamluk sultan in 1419?• 1419? Islamic or Christan (Gregorian or Julian) or
Hebrew …• Did he have a daughter?
RDF – Resource Description Framework
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And what the Network knows about It …
1304.12.12
1. Looking back: Where are the Mamluks in German Orientalist Research (ca. 1850-1950)?
2. Setng Links: Weaving a Web of Mamluk Resources by following the Traces in Secondary Literature.
3. Diving into Texts: Relatonships between Textual Sources
4. The Medieval Hypertext: Authors and their Relatonship in scientfic Manuscripts (ISMI)
The „Mamluks“ in german orientalist research
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http://kalliope.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de
0 Mamluken60 Orientalisten
Finding aid „Enno Littmann“
<gnd:UndifferentiatedPerson rdf:about="http://d-nb.info/gnd/102747083"><gnd:publication>Gallina, Francesco: Suppl.. - 1940</gnd:publication><gnd:publication>Cerulli, Enrico: Studi etiopici</gnd:publication><gnd:preferredNameEntityForThePerson rdf:parseType="Resource"> <gnd:forename>Enrico</gnd:forename> <gnd:surname>Cerulli</gnd:surname></gnd:preferredNameEntityForThePerson><gnd:preferredNameForThePerson> Cerulli, Enrico</gnd:preferredNameForThePerson><gnd:oldAuthorityNumber>(DE-588a)102747083</gnd:oldAuthorityNumber><gnd:gndIdentifier>102747083</gnd:gndIdentifier></gnd:UndifferentiatedPerson>
Authority File data set: Enrico Cerulli
Finding aid Enno Littmann
<gnd:DifferentiatedPerson rdf:about="http://d-nb.info/gnd/118862014"><gnd:publication>Geschichte der islamischen Völker und Staaten. - 1939</gnd:publication><gnd:preferredNameForThePerson>Brockelmann, Carl</gnd:preferredNameForThePerson><gnd:variantNameForThePerson>Brūkilmān, Kārl</gnd:variantNameForThePerson><gnd:variantNameForThePerson>Brockelmann, C.</gnd:variantNameForThePerson><gnd:publication>Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur</gnd:publication><gnd:biographicalOrHistoricalInformation>Dt. Orientalist, Prof an d. Univ. Halle</gnd:biographicalOrHistoricalInformation><gnd:publication>Mitteltürkischer Wortschatz nach Mahmūd Al-Kašgarīs Divān Lǔgat at-Tǔrk. - 1928</gnd:publication><gnd:preferredNameEntityForThePerson rdf:parseType="Resource"><gnd:forename>Carl</gnd:forename><gnd:surname>Brockelmann</gnd:surname></gnd:preferredNameEntityForThePerson><gnd:variantNameForThePerson>Brockelmann, Carolus</gnd:variantNameForThePerson><gnd:geographicAreaCode rdf:resource="http://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-DE"/><gnd:variantNameForThePerson>Brok'êlman, K.</gnd:variantNameForThePerson><gnd:dateOfDeath>1956</gnd:dateOfDeath><gnd:oldAuthorityNumber>(DE-588a)131112783</gnd:oldAuthorityNumber><gnd:professionOrOccupation rdf:resource="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4415844-0"/><gnd:oldAuthorityNumber>(DE-588a)118862014</gnd:oldAuthorityNumber><gnd:gndIdentifier>118862014</gnd:gndIdentifier><gnd:publication>A. Socin's Arabische Grammatik. - 1929</gnd:publication><gnd:dateOfBirth>1868</gnd:dateOfBirth><gnd:gndSubjectCategory rdf:resource="http://d-nb.info/vocab/gnd-sc#11.2p"/><gnd:affiliation rdf:resource="http://d-nb.info/gnd/2024162-8"/><gnd:oldAuthorityNumber>(DE-588a)174042531</gnd:oldAuthorityNumber><gnd:variantNameEntityForThePerson rdf:parseType="Resource"><gnd:forename>Karl</gnd:forename><gnd:surname>Brockelmann</gnd:surname></gnd:variantNameEntityForThePerson>…</gnd:DifferentiatedPerson>
Authority File data set: Carl Brockelmann
Who is in Kalliope?
1704.12.12
Enno Littmann and his Correspondence
My Dear Friend …
1804.12.12
Two Postcards from Julius Wellhausen to Enno Littmann, July 1902
NGram – Shortly explained
1904.12.12
http://books.google.com/ngrams/
NGram-Comparisons
2004.12.12
NGram, Lifetime and Publications
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Other Interests
2204.12.12
Nachlass 245, Enno Littmann, Kasten 99:Reisebilder IV-VWeitere Photos aus Abessinien u. von Inschriften
ägyptschen, hellenistschen, Türkische, arabische, Britschen, Deutsch-türkische, Kulturpolitsche, pädagogische, Äthiopischen, Babylonisch-assyrisches, syrischer, hellenistsch-römischer, bischöfichen, islamische, Nordsemitschen, semitsche, Mandäische, babylonischen, assyrischen, indischen, Sabäische, ägyptsche, Früharabische, aegyptsches, Koptsche, Hellenistsche, griechischen, Türkisch-deutsches, Orientalische, persische, diplomatschen, hieroglyphische, Altaegyptschen, Neuaegyptschen, Koptschen, Koptsches, Demotsche, altarabischen, Kritsche, religiös-politschen, arabischen, aramäischen
Other Interests
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Nachlass 245, Enno Littmann, Kasten 99:Reisebilder IV-VWeitere Photos aus Abessinien u. von Inschriften
Geschichte, Wesen, Zeit, Krieg, Grundlagen, Gegenwart, Analyse, Gedanken
Kitāb, Islam, Deutschland, Mysterienreligionen, Sternglaube, Sterndeutung, Grammatk, Sprache, Syrie, Zwei, Storia, Arabern, Schattentheater, Inschriften, Türkei, Aegypten, Altertum, Babylonian, Studien, Orientalia, Zivilprozeßordnung, Lesestücke, Gebr., Unterricht, Reste, Heidentums, Hochschulreform, Kant, Bildungskrise, Lebensfragen, Weltreiches, Problem, Bildung, Kulturkrise, Interessengemeinschaften, Aufgaben, Reiches, Universität, Akademie, ...
And what the Network knows about It …
2404.12.12
1. Looking back: Where are the Mamluks in German Orientalist Research (ca. 1850-1950)?
2. Setng Links: Weaving a Web of Mamluk Resources by following the Traces in Secondary Literature.
3. Diving into Texts: Relatonships between Textual Sources
4. The Medieval Hypertext: Authors and their Relatonship in scientfic Manuscripts (ISMI)
A Mamluk Manuscript
2504.12.12
Ms. or. quart 1817, States Library Berlin.http://digital.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de
From a Mamluk to a Mamluk
2604.12.12
Ms. or. quart. 1817, f. 1aMs. or. quart. 1817, f. 50b
The Secondary Literature-Graph
Visualization of bibliographic metadata of secondary literature as a RDF-Triple-Graph.
Adapted after al-Qalqashandi
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al-Qalqašandī: Ḍauʾ aṣ-ṣubḥ al-musfir wa-ǧinā ad-dauḥ al-muṭmir. (Salāma, Maḥmūd, Ed.) Miṣr 1906, S. 241.
Ms. or. quart. 1817, f. 1b
And what the Network knows about It …
2904.12.12
1. Looking back: Where are the Mamluks in German Orientalist Research (ca. 1850-1950)?
2. Setng Links: Weaving a Web of Mamluk Resources by following the Traces in Secondary Literature.
3. Diving into Texts: Relationships between Textual Sources
4. The Medieval Hypertext: Authors and their Relatonship in scientfic Manuscripts (ISMI)
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
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Harriot Online
And what the Network knows about It …
3804.12.12
1. Looking back: Where are the Mamluks in German Orientalist Research (ca. 1850-1950)?
2. Setng Links: Weaving a Web of Mamluk Resources by following the Traces in Secondary Literature.
3. Diving into Texts: Relatonships between Textual Sources
4. The Medieval Hypertext: Authors and their Relationship in scientific Manuscripts (ISMI)
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI - History
• started as an Access database nearly 20 years ago• rigid structure, no relaton between fields• Persons and places not always unique• Local soluton
• However: being a digital database already, it can be converted into something more usable
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Biographies
Bibliography
Database Manuscripts
ISMI
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ISMI - Asking questions
• Who could have studied the text?• Where and when did copies of the text exist?• Who copied the text, when and where?• Which other texts are related to this text
(commentary, copies)?• Understand the network of knowledge represented
by the manuscripts.
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI
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ISMI
Conclusion
Representations of text come to electronic devices (Printed books will diminish.)
Research will move into the web.
Research tasks will be automated.
Research is communication.
