khử khuẩn, tiệt khuẩn

7/24/2019 Kh khun, tit khun

1/20

KH KHUN, TIT KHUN

MC TIU HC TP:Sau khi hc xong bi ny, hc vin c kh nng:

1. 1. Nu c cc khi ni: ! "#ch, kh$ khu%n v &i& khu%n.

'. ()*nh b+y cc nguyn &c kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n &)ong bnh vin.

-. ()*nh b+y c cch h/n 0o#i 2ng c2 &h3o Sau0ing.

4. ()*nh b+y c cc h5ng h kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n 2ng c2.

6. 78 c "5 9 ui &)*nh &i& khu%n 2ng c2 &)ong bnh vin.

NI DUNG

1. Mt s kh !"#

$%# s&'h:0 ;& u &)*nh 0o#i b< hon &on cc ch=& ngo#i 0ai >v? 2: ch=& b%n, &@ chAc

c5 &hBC )a khMi"in3c&ionC: 0 u &)*nh 0o#i b< h+u hO& hoIc &=& c vi "inh vP& g/y bnh

&)n 2ng c2 nhng khQng i& bo &$ vi khu%n. ()ong bnh vin, kh$ khu%n &hDng c

&hEc hin bFng cch ng/ 2ng c2 vo &)ong ung Rch ha ch=& hoIc bFng h5ng h

a"&3u). ()ong &hEc hnh, )=& nhiTu yOu &U c &hB 0 =& hoIc 0 h#n chO hiu 0Ec kh$

khu%n, v? 2 cc 2ng c2 khQng c 0 "#ch hoIc cHn ?nh cc ch=& hVu c5W Ac ; Q

nhiX 7S7W n9ng ; cYa ch=& kh$ khu%nW &hDi gian 2ng c2 &iO xLc vGi ch=& kh$ khu%nW

Ic &?nh cYa 2ng c2 >kh3 k8, khG nUi, 0Hng UngCW nhi& ; v Z cYa Qi &)Dng kh$

khu%n.

(h3o Rnh ngh[a, kh$ khu%n khQng giUng nh &i& khu%n K ch\ khQng i& c bo &$ vikhu%n. (uy nhin, ;& "U ch=& kh$ khu%n Gi v]n c &hB i& c bo &$ nOu &hDi gian

&iO xLc Y 0/u >&^ _`1 giDC. ()ong nhVng iTu kin nh vPy, nhVng "n h% ny c

gi 0 ch=& &i& khu%n.

- Ac ; kh$ khu%n g9: kh$ khu%n Ac ; &h=, &)ung b*nh v cao.

1


2/20

Kh( kh*+! #' - th/>!o`03v30 i"in3c&ionC: dh$ khu%n Ac ; &h= khi &a cho

ha ch=& &iO xLc vGi 2ng c2 &)ong &hDi gian bFng hoIc Gi 1 hL& B &iu i& c

h+u hO& cc 7S7 "inh eng, ;& "U n= v ;& "U vi)u".

Kh( kh*+! #' - t0*! 23!h>fn&3)3ia&3`03v30 i"in3c&ionC: ` dh$ khu%n Ac ;&)ung b*nh nOu i& c &)Ec khu%n 0ao, vi khu%n #ng "inh eng, h+u hO& vi)u" v n=

nhng khQng i& c #ng bo &$ cYa vi khu%n.

Kh( kh*+! #' - '45>Zigh 03v30 i"in3c&ionC: dh$ khu%n Ac ; cao i& c i

0o#i vi "inh vP& &)^ bo &$ vGi &hDi gian ngn >1 hL&C, ha ch=& ny gi 0 ch=& kh$

khu%n Ac ; cao.

` i ;& ha ch=& 0 ch=& "& khu%n khi ch=& h hYy c cc 7S7, Ic bi& 0 cc vi

khu%n g/y bnh. h=& "& khu%n c "$ 2ng c K cc &@ chAc "Ung v &)n cc 9 vP&2ng c2W &)ong khi ch=& kh$ khu%n ch B "$ 2ng &)n cc 9 vP&.

T"t kh*+!>S&3)i0iJa&ionC: 0 ;& u &)*nh &iu i& hoIc 0o#i b< &=& c cc #ng cYa vi

"inh vP& "Ung bao g9 c bo &$ vi khu%n. (i& khu%n ang ngh[a &uy& Ui, ngh[a 0

;& vP& 2ng "au khi c &i& khu%n "8 khQng cHn ;& 0o#i 7S7 no "Ung "&.

()ong bnh vin, u &)*nh ny c &hEc hin bFng h5ng h ho hc hoIc 0 hc.

(i& khu%n bFng h5i nGc Gi 0Ec >nhi& G&C, nhi& khQ, kh? 3&hy03n3 oxi3 >jC, cc

k &huP& &i& khu%n Gi K nhi& ; &h= v cc ha ch=& #ng 0 ?@! A% AB t0 t' !h! 7 2"!h

7ic &iu i& vi khu%n c &)n cc 2ng c2 h2 &hu;c vo "U 0ng vi khu%n c &)n 2ng

c2 v &hDi gian B &iu i& chLng. ()ong iTu kin chu%n khi I& cc &h$ nghi kiB &)a

kh nng i& khu%n khi h= (d cho &h=y &)ong vHng - hL& &iu i& c 1 bo &$ m.

a&)oha3u" >#ng maci00u" "ub&i0i"C. Nhng &)ong - giD c &hB i& c 1 maci00u"

'


3/20

a&)oha3u". Mo vPy vic 0 "#ch 2ng c2 "au khi "$ 2ng &)Gc khi dd v (d 0 hO& "Ac

c+n &hiO&, giL 0 gi "U 0ng &c nh/n g/y bnh, giL )L& ngn u &)*nh dd v (d

9ng &hDi bo ch=& 0ng dd, (d &Ui u. 2 &hB 0 c+n hi &hEc hin ;& cch &

vic 0 "#ch vGi &=& c cc 0o#i 2ng c2, vGi nhVng 2ng c2 c kh3, k8, nHng, khG nUi,

v nhiTu knh nh 2ng c2 n;i "oi khi dd hi c ng/ ngP v c )$a, xR& khQ &h3o

khuyOn co cYa nh "n xu=& &)Gc khi 3 ng gi h= (d.

6.6. Kh9 !E! 2t h5&t '' A kh*+!

)=& nhiTu &c nh/n g/y bnh khng vGi nhVng ha ch=& dd v (d ng B &iu i&

chLng. 5 chO T khng cYa chLng vGi ch=& dd khc nhau. Mo vPy, vic chn 0Ea ha

ch=& B dd, (d c+n hi chL chn 0Ea ha ch=& no khQng bR b=& ho#& bKi cc vi khu%n

clng nh ?& bR T khng nh=&. 7ic chn 0Ea ;& ha ch=& hi &?nh On c ;& chu &)*nh

(d, &hDi gian &iO xLc cYa ha ch=& c &hB &iu i& c h+u hO& cc &c nh/n g/y bnh 0

;& vic 0 c+n &hiO& K \i c5 "K dmm.

6.F. N! - A% h"* =*9 '4 h4 'ht KK

()ong iTu kin chu%n B &hEc hin dd, cc ha ch=& dd uUn gia &ng Ac &iu i& vi

khu%n g/y bnh *nh ong uUn #& c, Tu hi &?nh On &hDi gian &iO xLc vGi

ha ch=&. dhi uUn &iu i& c 14 . &ub3)cu0o"i" &)ong 6 hL&, c+n hi "$ 2ng c9n

i"o)oy0 pq. ()ong khi nOu ng h3no0ic hi =& On '` - giD &iO xLc.

6.J. Nh! 78* t ALt ? A% h4 h' '4 h4 'ht KK

r=& nhiTu &?nh ch=& vP& 0 v ha hc cYa ha ch=& nh hKng On u &)*nh dd, (d nh:

nhi& ;, Z, ; % v ; cAng cYa nGc. Z+u hO& &c 2ng cYa cc ha ch=& gia &ng khi

nhi& ; &ng, nhng bn c#nh 0#i c &hB 0 hnh h3no0", hyoch0o)i&3", ioin3C

s; % 0 yOu &U uan &)ng c nh hKng On nhVng ha ch=& dd, (d #ng kh? nh 0 j&

, ch0o)in3 ioxi3, o)a03hy3.

-


4/20

s; cAng cYa nGc cao >uyO& Rnh bKi n9ng ; cao cYa ;& "U ca&ion ki 0o#i nh

anxi, agiC 0 gi kh nng i& khu%n v c &hB 0 h


5/20

F.1. C' W\! '\ ']! t"t kh*+! XW\! '\ th8t 78*[

c 2ng c2 ny c+n hi &i& khu%n v* chLng c nguy c5 cao g/y nhiX khu%n nOu bR Q

nhiX vGi b=& k 7S7 no kB c bo &$.

c 2ng c2 ny c "$ 2ng &)ong cc &hY &huP& x/ nhP vo cc &@ chAc, Q hoIc h&hUng #ch u vQ khu%n, bao g9 cc 2ng c2 h]u &huP&, c=y gh, ki &i v cc

ca&h3&3) Dng &iO& niu v &i #ch.

Z+u hO& cc 2ng c2 nh ny c &i& khu%n bFng h5i nGc >au&oc0av3C. NOu 0 cc

2ng c2 khQng chRu nhi& &h* c &hB &i& khu%n bFng cc k &huP& &i& khu%n nhi& ; &h=.

h nn &i& khu%n bFng ha ch=& Ui vGi cc 2ng c2 &hu;c nh ny khi khQng &hB &hEc

hin c cc h5ng h &i& khu%n khc. c ha ch=& &hDng c "$ 2ng B &i&

khu%n 0 g0u&a)a03hy3 'q v hy)og3n 3)oxi3 _q.

F.6. C' W\! '\ ']! kh( kh*+! #' - '45 X2! th8t 78*[

c 2ng c2 &hu;c nh ny &iO xLc vGi ng ni #c v cc vng a bR &@n &h5ng

&)ong u &)*nh "$ 2ng. wu c+u Ui vGi cc 2ng c2 ny 0 khQng c I& i 7S7 &)^

bo &$. Nh*n chung, cc ng ni #c khQng bR &@n &h5ng >nguyn vnC c kh nng

T khng Ui vGi cc nhiX khu%n g/y )a bKi cc bo &$ nhng 0#i nh#y c vGi cc 7S7

khc nh &)Ec khu%n 0ao v cc vi)u".

M2ng c2 &hu;c nh ny g9 cc Ung n;i "oi &iu ha, nhi& kO, cc 2ng c2 g/y v

hQ h= &)R 0iu. Z+u hO& cc 2ng c2 ny ?& nh=& hi c kh$ khu%n &h3o h5ng h

a"&3u) hoIc c kh$ khu%n Ac ; cao bFng cc ch=& kh$ khu%n nh g0u&a)a03hy3

'q v hy)og3n 3)oxi3 _q, axi& 3)ac3&ic.

dhi 0Ea chn ;& ch=& kh$ khu%n, ;& iB c+n 0u 0 0iu ch=& c an &on cho 2ng

c2 "au nhiTu 0+n &iO xLc hay khQng. 7? 2, h\n h c0o 0 ;& ch=& kh$ khu%n Ac ;

cao nhng chLng 0#i n Hn 2ng c2 nn khQng c "$ 2ng B kh$ khu%n cc 2ng c2

&hu;c nh ny.

7T 0 &huyO&, cc Ung n;i "oi @ b2ng v @ khG x/ nhP vo cc &@ chAc vQ khu%n nn

0 &Kng nh=& 0 c &i& khu%n "au \i khi "$ 2ng. (uy nhin, ngay K cc nGc h&

&)iBn nh &h* cc 2ng c2 ny clng ch c kh$ khu%n Ac ; cao. Ic cc "U

6


6/20

0iu nghin cAu cHn h#n chO nhng khQng &h=y c bFng chAng cho &h=y kh$ khu%n Ac

; cao cc Ung n;i "oi ny 0 &ng nguy c5 nhiX khu%n.

M2ng c2 "au khi c kh$ khu%n Ac ; cao bFng ung Rch kh$ khu%n c+n c )$a 0#i

bFng nGc vQ khu%n B 0o#i b< hon &on ch=& kh$ khu%n cHn ng K 2ng c2. dhQng nn)$a bFng nGc y K giai o#n ny v* c &hB 0 Q nhiX 2ng c2. ()ong &)Dng h

khQng c nGc vQ khu%n >nGc c=& hoIc nGc un "Qi B ngu;iC &h* c &hB )$a 0#i 2ng c2

Gi vHi nGc y nhng "au hi &)ng 0#i 2ng c2 bFng ung Rch c9n pq. i

2ng c2 "au u &)*nh kh$ khu%n c+n c 0 khQ v 0u giV c%n &hPn "ao cho khQng bR

Q nhiX 0#i.

F.F. C' W\! '\ thQ! thS!

c 2ng c2 ny &hDng ch &iO xLc vGi vng a 0nh khQng &iO xLc vGi ni #ckhi c "$ 2ng. Ma 0nh 0 ;& hng )o bo v "E x/ nhP cYa vi khu%n. Mo vPy,

nh 2ng c2 ny ch c+n kh$ khu%n Ac ; &h= .

;& "U 2ng c2 nh bQ, huyO& kO, n#ng, &hnh giDng, 9 vi, cUc chn cYa ngDi

bnh, bn ... c &hB ch c+n 0 "#ch i n5i "$ 2ng khQng c+n hi chuyBn

xuUng ()ung &/ &i& khu%n. (uy nhin, nhVng 2ng c2 ny c &hB g/y 0an &)uyTn &hA h&

nOu nh N7w( khQng &u/n &hY Ang uy &)*nh x$ 0 2ng c2.

2 &hB ha cc 2ng c2 v nhVng yu c+u b& bu;c khi x$ 0 cc 2ng c2 ng 0#i 0 ;&

b& bu;c &)ong cc c5 "K dmm, v hi c uy Rnh c2 &hB.

Y9! /h! ?5& W\! '\ A% /h! /h/ KK '4 >/4*W?!

h5ng

h

Ac ; i& khu%n 2ng cho 0o#i 2ng c2

(i& khu%n >"&3)i0iJa&ionC

(iu i& &=& c cc vi "inh vP&

bao g9 c bo &$ vi khu%n

NhVng 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh &hiO&

yOu chRu nhi& >2ng c2 h]u &huP&C v 2ng

c2 bn &hiO& yOu ng &)ong ch "c ngDi

bnh

NhVng 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh &hiO&

yOu khQng chRu nhi& v bn &hiO& yOu

_


7/20

NhVng 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh khQng

chRu nhi& v nhVng 2ng c2 bn &hiO& yOu c

&hB ng/ c.

dh$ khu%n Ac ; cao >high 03v30 i"in3c&ionC(iu i& &=& c cc vi "inh vP&

ngo#i &)^ ;& "U bo &$ vi

khu%n

NhVng 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh bn

&hiO& yOu khQng chRu nhi& >2ng c2 iTu &)R hQ

h=, 2ng c2 n;i "oi Dng &iu ho v n;i "oi

hO unC.

dh$ khu%n Ac ; &)ung b*nh >in&3)3ia&3 03v30 i"in3c&ionC

(iu i& cc vi khu%n &hQng

&hDng, h+u hO& cc vi )L& v

n=, nhng khQng &iu i&

c ycobac&3)ia v bo &$

vi khu%n,

;& "U 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh bn

&hiO& yOu v khQng &hiO& yOu >bng o huyO&

C hoIc bT I& >&Y +u giDngC, c ?nh u.

dh$ khu%n Ac ; &h= >0o 03v30 i"in3c&ionC

(iu i& cc vi khu%n &hQng

&hDng v ;& vi vi )L& v

n=, nhng khQng &iu i&

c ycobac&3)ia v bo &$vi khu%n.

NhVng 2ng c2 ch "c ngDi bnh khQng

&hiO& yOu >bng o huyO& C hoIc bT I& >&Y

+u giDngC, khQng c ?nh u.

Mt s A! -^ ' th_ `/ /h9 kh /h! ?5& W\! '\

+n hi xc Rnh )t 2ng c2 &hu;c nh no B uyO& Rnh 0Ea chn h5ng h kh$

dd, (d &h?ch h 0 ;& b& bu;c Ui vGi nh/n vin i &)ung &/ dd, (d cYa cc c5 "K

dmm, clng nh nh 0/ "ng, ngDi &)Ec &iO "$ 2ng nhVng 2ng c2 ny.

NhVng 2ng c2 ng &)ong h]u &huP& n;i "oi hQ h=, @ b2ng, a vo khoang vQ khu%n

nn b& bu;c hi (d, cHn nhVng 2ng c2 n;i "oi ng &)ong ch%n on # y )u;&, cxO vo nh &iO xLc vGi ni #c >bn &hiO& yOuC, nn c &hB ch c+n dd Ac ; cao.

d* "inh &hiO&, b= vo Q nhVng ngDi bnh chy u nIng nh gizn &[nh #ch &hEc

un, 0 2ng c2 &iO xLc vGi Q vQ &)ng #ch u nn hi c (d Lng uy Rnh,

khQng c dd Ac ; cao.

p


8/20

J. N*7a! tb' kh( kh*+! A% t"t kh*+! W\! '\

J.1 N*7a! tb' kh( kh*+! A% t"t kh*+! W\! '\

` M2ng c2 khi "$ 2ng cho \i ngDi bnh hi c x$ 0 &h?ch h

` M2ng c2 "au khi x$ 0 hi c bo un bo an &on cho On khi "$ 2ng

` Nh/n vin y &O hi c hu=n 0uyn v &)ang bR +y Y cc h5ng &in hHng h;

` M2ng c2 y &O &)ong cc c5 "K dmm hi c un 0 v x$ 0 &P &)ung

J.6 N*7a! tb' 'h! ?c4 h4 'ht kh( A% t"t kh*+! W\! '\

(5ng Ang vGi cc yu c+u vT dd,(d 2ng c2 0 vic chn 0Ea ha ch=& kh$ v (d "ao

cho h h vGi 2c ?ch "au cng #& c cYa 2ng c2 c+n 3 "$ 2ng, o vPy vic

chn 0Ea ha ch=& kh$ khu%n hi Ea &)n nhVng nguyn &c c5 bn "au:

MEa vo &iu chu%n chn 0Ea ha ch=& "ao cho #& hiu u, khQng &Un k v khQng

g/y &@n h#i 2ng c2 >bng 1C

MEa vo kh nng &iu i& vi khu%n cYa ha ch=& >bng ', -C

MEa vo Ac ; g/y h#i cYa 2ng c2 B iTu chnh ha ch=& h h vGi 2ng c2 c+n

c x$ 0, &)nh 0 hbng 4C

Y9! 1: Ta* 'h*+! 'h! ?c4 h4 'ht kh( kh*+!

1. hi c h@ khng khu%n );ng

'. (c 2ng nhanh

-. dhQng bR &c 2ng cYa cc yOu &U Qi &)Dng

4. dhQng ;c

6. dhQng &c h#i &Gi cc 2ng c2 ki 0o#i clng nh bFng cao "u, nhEa

_. Ziu u ko i &)n bT I& cc M c x$ 0.

p. MX ng "$ 2ng

{. dhQng i hoIc c i X chRu

{


9/20

|. dinh &O

1. kh nng ha 0ozng

11. n9ng ; @n Rnh kB c khi ha 0ozng B "$ 2ng.

1'. kh nng 0 "#ch &U&

Y9! 6: Ph! ?5& #' - A% h4 'ht kh( kh*+!

|


10/20

Y9! F: -!h #' - W"t kh*+! '4 W*! WB'h kh( kh*+!

h=& dd (c 2ng i& khu%n

mo &$ 7i khu%n

0ao

7i khu%n

khc

Siu vi

j Nj

0u&a)a03hy3

'q >6hL& } -giDC

(U&

- giD

(U&~

' hL&

(U&

6`1 h

(U&

6`1 h

(U&

6`1 h

ci 3)ac3&ic

,' },-6q >6`1 hL&C

(U& (U& (U& (U& (U&

0coho0 _`pq

>3&hano0 hoIc i"o)oano0C>1`1 hL&C

dhQng (U& (U& (U& ()ung b*nh

Z ch=& 3)oxyg3n -`_q

>' hL&C

(hay @i (hay @i (U& (U& (hay @i

h0o)in3 ,6`1.q

>1 } _ hL&C

(U& (U& (U& (U& (U&

h3noc0ic

1`'q~~

dhQng (m &U& (U& ()ung b*nh d

Z ch=& onia bPc 4

,1`,6q~~~

dhQng (hay @i ()ung b*nh ()ung b*nh d

~ (c 2ng k vGi &)Ec khu%n 0ao j c v1`1 hL&C

>ng &hng

k?nC

>U RnhC~~

dhQng ng kB

>nh hKng ch=&

gn cc k?nh &)ong

Ung NSC

dhQng

Z ch=& 3)oxyg3n -`_q

>' hL&C

(m

>pngyC

dhQng ng kB dhQng

h0o)in3 ,6`1.q

>1 } _ hL&C

dhQng

>1 ngyC

~~~~~

h3noc0ic

1`'q~~

dhQng dhQng ng kB

Z ch=& onia bPc 4

,1`,6q~~~

dhQng dhQng

~ Mng gng khi &iO xLc vGi ch=& dd~~ uyn &h=u k ~~~ Ac ; &c 2ng h2

nhiTu

11


12/20

O. C' /h! /h/ t"t kh*+!

NhiTu h5ng h (d c "$ 2ng, nh (d nhi& ; cao bFng bFng h5i nGc (d nhi&

; &h= nh (d bFng 3&hy03n3 oxi3 v (d bFng hy)og3n 3)oxi3 cQng ngh 0a"a.

O.1. H/


13/20

&)Dng, X ng 0 I&, &uy nhin 0 h


14/20

` +n chn 0Ea ch=& &%y )$a hoIc 3nJy3 &5ng &hich vGi 2ng c2 v &h3o khuyOn co cYa

nh "n xu=&

` c 2ng c2 "au khi 0 "#ch c+n c kiB &)a cc bT I&, kh3 khG v 0o#i b< hoIc

"$a chVa cc 2ng c2 bR g]y, bR h


15/20

R.F. Ph! /h/ t"t kh*+! thS! -@' 'h! ?c4 t05! '' ' s; kh# 'h4 2"!h

` S$ 2ng h5ng h &i& khu%n bFng nhi& G& cho nhVng 2ng c2 chRu c nhi& v

; % >n9i h=, au&oc0av3C

` S$ 2ng h5ng h &i& khu%n nhi& ; &h= cho nhVng 2ng c2 khQng chRu cnhi& v ; % >hy)og3n 3)oxi3 ga" 0a"a, j&C

` (i& khu%n bFng h5ng h ng/ 3)ac3&ic aci3, g0u&a)a03hy3, c &hB ng cho

nhVng 2ng &i& khu%n khQng chRu nhi& v hi c "$ 2ng ngay 0P &Ac, &)nh 0 &i

nhiX 0#i &)ong u &)*nh bo un.

` (i& khu%n bFng h5ng h h= khQ >v? 2 nh -4 >1pC &)ong _ hL&C khQng

c khuyOn co &)ong &i& khu%n 2ng c2.

` N5i &i& khu%n 2ng c2 y &O v h]u &huP& bFng kh? j( hi bo &hQng kh? &U&.

NhVng 2ng c2 #ng Ung i khi h= nhi& ; &h= c+n hi bo hiu u v bo

ch=& &i& khu%n hi &iO xLc vGi bT I& 0Hng Ung bn &)ong.

R.J. T"t kh*+! !h4!h: h/


16/20

` h nn &i& khu%n nhanh khi c+n &hiO&, nh &)ong &i& khu%n nhVng 2ng c2 khQng &hB

ng gi, &i& khu%n bFng h5ng h khc v 0u chAa 2ng c2 &)Gc khi "$ 2ng.

R.O. j8/ W\! '\ A%5 ? 2*! h/

` M2ng c2 xO vo bu9ng h= hi bo "E 0u &hQng &u+n hon cYa cc &c nh/n &i&khu%n xung uanh cc gi 2ng c2. mT I& cYa 2ng c2 Tu c &iO xLc &)Ec &iO vGi

&c nh/n &i& khu%n, khQng c B 2ng c2 ch# vo &hnh bu9ng h=.

` O cc 0o#i 2ng c2 &h3o chiTu c. c 2ng c2 ng bFng bao 0a"&ic hi c

hai I& gi=y vo nhau.

R.R. $* A% 295 =*9!

` M2ng c2 "au &i& khu%n hi c 0u giV K n5i uy Rnh bo un ch=& 0ng 2ng c2

z &i& khu%n.

` N5i 0u giV 2ng c2 hi c cc &Y, k bo khQng bR h


17/20

R.V. K_# s5t 'ht ?@!

` N7w( 0 vic i khu vEc kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n hi c hu=n 0uyn &hDng xuyn

nhVng kiOn &hAc c5 bn vT kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n 2ng c2 y &O v c chAng ch o o

&)ong 0[nh vEc kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n &^ cc c5 "K hu=n 0uyn c & cch h nh/n.

` (on b; h9 "5 0u kO& u gi "& \i chu &)*nh &i& khu%n, b; 2ng c2 hi c 0u

&)V 0#i i 5n vR &i& khu%n &)ung &/.

` NhVng ngDi c &)ch nhi kiB "o& ch=& 0ng kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n cYa c5 cK

kh chVa bnh hi c &hEc hin bKi v c o o chuyn ngnh.

` (hDng uy Di nhVng c5 uan c chAc nng &h% Rnh kiB "o& ch=& 0ng 0H h= v

cc y c kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n.

V. Mt s 'h

V.1. l A


18/20

` 7Gi cc hHng ng/ kh$ khu%n 2ng c2 bFng ha ch=&, c+n &)ang bR u#& gi v bo

&hQng &hong, "U 0+n &)ao @i kh? &h3o yu c+u cho &^ng 0o#i ha ch=& v &h3o hGng

]n cYa nh "n xu=&

` 7Gi cc 5n vR "$ 2ng h5ng h &i& khu%n bFng j&, >o)a03hy3C, c+n ckO ho#ch o o &hP& k cho nhVng ngDi Gi "$ 2ng, v c+n &)ang bR cc &hiO& bR B

kiB "o& Ac ; &iO xLc hay )H ) cYa cc kh? ny )a Qi &)Dng. min h hHng

chUng chy n@ c+n c 0u nghi ngI&.

V.F. Thd5 Wm A% # st k_# t04 'ht ?@! W\! '\ h/ t"t kh*+!

` S$ 2ng cc ch &hR "inh hc, ha hc, c5 hc B gi "& uy &)*nh &i& khu%n.

` (hDng xuyn kiB &)a cc &hQng "U c5 hc cYa 0H h= >&hDi gian, nhi& ;, "u=&C.

c ch &hR &h$ nghi ch=& 0ng 0H h= G& c+n 0 hFng ngy v I& vo 0H khQng

chAa 2ng c2 >ch#y khQng &iC v hi c kiB &)a ngay "au khi kO& &hLc uy &)*nh &i&

khu%n +u &in &)ong ngy. Nn c cc &3"& &h$ kiB &)a ch=& 0ng 0H h= moi3`ick v

ng &3"& B kiB &)a - &hQng "U > "u=&, nhi& ; v &hDi gianC.

` (=& c gi 2ng c2 hi c n bng ch &hR kiB &)a nhi& ; B xc Rnh 2ng c2 z

c a vo 0H &i& khu%n.

` sI& cc ch &hR ha hc vo cc b; 2ng c2 hi c I& vo h]u &huP&, n;i "oi, c=y

gh,

` h &hR "inh hc c+n &hEc hin ?& nh=& hFng &u+n v vo cc 2ng c2 c c=y gh.

hi chn 0Ea 0o#i baci00u" h h vGi uy &)*nh &i& khu%n nh "au:

` &)oha3u"3 "o)3" cho j& v h= khQ.

` 3obaci00u" "&3a)o&h3)ohi0u" "o)3" cho h= h5i nGc, hy)og3n 3)oxi3 ga" 0a"a

v 3)ac3&ic aci3.

` Nn chn 0o#i y Y vi "inh c &hDi gian Y v c kO& u &h$ nghi "inh hc K nhi&

; 66`_ hoIc -6`-p v &) 0Di kO& u cng "G cng &U& >&U& nh=& "au - giDC.

` +n &hu h9i v &i& khu%n 0#i cc gi 2ng c2 v h= khQng #& ch=& 0ng vT ch &hR

ha hc, "inh hc.

1{


19/20

` hi ch v 0u &)V 0#i i 5n vR &i& khu%n cc &hQng &in u gi "& \i chu &)*nh &i&

khu%n, b; 2ng c2 vT 2ng c2 z h=.

` NhVng ngDi c &)ch nhi kiB "o& ch=& 0ng kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n cYa c5 "K

kh bnh, chVa bnh hi c &hEc hin bKi v c o o chuyn ngnh.` (hDng uy Di nhVng c5 uan c chAc nng &h% Rnh kiB "o& ch=& 0ng 0H h= v

cc y c kh$ khu%n, &i& khu%n.

Ph lc 29

GIM ST THC HNH QUI TRNH RA TAY NGOI KHOA

STT Cc bc tin hnh C Khng Ghi ch

Bc 1: Ra tay bng dung dch ! "h#ng$ %hng d&ng bn ch'i$ 1 "ht

1 (ang )ng * )+y ), t-ang "h.c

/ Th0$ ct )2 t-ang 34c

5 (6 nc ch'y$ %hng 78 b9n nc -a ng0i

;8 t bn tay ti %h,yu tay$ 7y ! "h#ng h0 Ch / 7#ng bn tay *0 nhau ?> 7+n@=

A Ch 7#ng bn tay ny 7n 8u * % ng0i cc ngn tay c,abn tay %ia * ngDc 7Ei ?> 7+n@

F Ch / 7#ng bn tay *0 nhau$ 8it 8Enh cc % t-0ng ngn

tay ?> 7+n@ Ch 8 7+n@

H I&ng bn tay ny !0ay ngn ci c,a bn tay %ia * ngDc7Ei ?> 7+n@

1J 0ay cc )+u ngn tay ny *0 7#ng bn tay %ia * ngDc7Ei ?> 7+n@

11 Ch cL tay$ cMng tay ti %h,yu tay thN0 7+n 7Dt tOng tay=Bn tay hng 7n t-n

1/ Ra 3Ech tay dc *#i nc ch'y )n %h,yu tay= Bn tay

hng 7n t-nBc /: I&ng bn ch'i )nh % 8ng tay$ 1 "ht

15 ;y 1 P / 87 dung dch ! "h#ng *0 bn ch'i

1 Qnh % cc % 8ng tay bng bn ch'i$ b bn ch'i *0ni Uuy )nh

1> ;8 %h bn tay ti %h,yu tay bng %hVn * %huWn= B %hVn*0 th&ng thu g08 %hVn=

1|


20/20

Bc 5: Ch tay bng dung dch c2n XST t-0ng 5 "ht

1A ;y 5P> 87 dung dch ch4a c2n *0 7#ng bn tay= Ch / 7#ngbn tay *0 nhau ?> 7+n@

1F Ch 7#ng bn tay ny 7n 8u * % ng0i cc ngn c,a bntay %ia * ngDc 7Ei ?> 7+n@

1 Ch / 7#ng bn tay *0 nhau$ 8it 8Enh cc % ngn tay ?>7+n@

1H Ch 8 7+n@

/J I&ng 7#ng bn tay ny !0ay ngn ci c,a bn tay %ia *ngDc 7Ei ?> 7+n@

/1 0ay )+u ngn tay ny *0 7#ng bn tay %ia * ngDc 7Ei ?>7+n@= Ch tay )n %hi %h tay=

// ;y >P1J 87 dung dch c2n *0 7#ng bn tay ?7y / 7+n$ 8Yi7Zn ch0 8[t bn tay@$ dn )\u c2n 7n / cMng tay$ tO cL tay

ti %h,yu tay/5 Ch cL tay$ cMng tay ti %h,yu tay ch0 ti %hi tay %h

/ ;y ti" 5P> 87 c2n$ ch bn tay nh % thu]t -a tayth^ng Uuy ch0 ti %hi bn tay %h

/> X0 bu2ng "hZu thu]t ?bn tay )_ ngang ng c$ hng 7nt-n$ t-nh ).ng chE8@$ 8

khử khuẩn, tiệt khuẩn

Documents