khilafat movement presentation by muhammad aleemuddin
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction
Since the 16th century the Turkish Khalifa was considered by many Muslims to be Caliph.
The Turkish Empire (also known as The Ottoman Empire) included Makkah, Madinah, and Jerusalem.
The Ottoman Empire Collapsed
In 1914 the Ottomans joined the First World War in support of the Central Powers
After defeat the Ottoman Empire was divided between various countries
Istanbul RussiaSyria, Iraq FranceCyprus, Egypt BritainPalestine International Rule
Beginning of the Khilafat Movement
Began in 1919 Leaders: Maulana Muhammad Ali, Maulana Shaukat Ali, and Abul Kalam Azad
AN ATTEMPTThe Leaders went to London to
protest about European policy towards Islam
They explained the Muslim feelingsThe British ignored themMaulana Muhammad Ali announced
that the British should no longer be obeyed
Gandhi joined the Khilafat Movement
Maulana Muhammad Ali invited Gandhi to the Khilafat meetings
Gandhi and Annie Besant attended a meeting in 1920 at Amritsar
Gandhi was elected the only non-Muslim member of the Executive Committee
Khilafat Movement & Satyagraha
Taking Gandhi’s advice, the Khilafat Committee began Satyagraha in August 1920. People avoided everything British and: would not buy or sell British goods refused to pay taxes went on strike refused to join the army students left British educational institutions
Problems for the Khilafat Movement
The Hijrat to Afghanistan The Moplah Rebellion Violence at Chauri Chaura The Collapse of the Khilafat Movement
The Hijrat to Afghanistan
Some Muslims believed that the British had been made India a land unfit for Muslims
In 1920 about 18,000 Muslim peasants migrated to Afghanistan
They sold their lands and possessions
Afghanistan refused to accept them
Many died on the way back
The Moplah Rebellion Moplahs were the Muslims,
in South India, who claimed to be descended from Arab settlers
They rebelled in 1921 and declared a Khilafat kingdom
Several Europeans were killed, Hindus were attacked and their houses and temples were destroyed
The British blamed this rebellion on the Khilafat Movement
Violence at Chauri Chaura It was a remote
village in east India In 1922 an angry
crowd burnt 22 police officers alive in their police station
Gandhi himself called off the Satyagraha Movement saying that he had made a “Himalayan blunder”
He was arrested and imprisoned for two years
The Collapse of the Khilafat Movement
o Gandhi’s arrest weakened the Khilafat Movement
o In 1922 the Turkish leader, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, abolished the Caliphate
o Hindu-Muslim relationship also declined
o Violent clashes between them took place in the following years