Kerala emigrants in gulfHow many Indians work abroad? We have no answer to this question even today.However, available evidence indicates that the state of Kerala in India has the highestnumber of emigrants in the Gulf countries.1In order to make an assessment of the emigrants from Kerala to the Gulf, the Centre forDevelopment Studies (CDS) conducted four large-scale surveys over the last 10 years in 1998, 2003, 2007, and 2008. This essay is based on the Kerala Migration Survey(KMS) 2008, funded by the Department of Non-Resident Keralite Affairs, the Governmentof Kerala, and the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs, Government of India.2 Inthis survey, the sample size was enhanced to 15,000 households from 10,000 householdsin the three earlier migration surveys. The increase in sample size with a minimumof 1,000 households in every district of Kerala is expected to yield reliable migrationestimates at the district and taluk levels in Kerala.These estimates are made on the basis of answers to the following question: Has anyperson who was a usual resident of this household (HH) migrated out of Kerala and isstill living outside India? Those who are still living outside India are called emigrants.Similarly, those who worked abroad and returned to Kerala are called return emigrants.The sample consists of 300 localities (Panchayats or Municipal wards). From each locality50 HHs were selected for canvassing. Estimation is done at the Taluk level. Thusfor a Taluk we have:ri = Number of Emigrants in the sample households in the ith localityhi = Number of sample HHs in the ith locality (50)Hi = Total number of HHs in the sample locality in 2008H = Total number of HHs in the Taluk in 2008According to Table 1, the number of Kerala migrants living outside India in 2008 was2.19 million. The corresponding number in 1998 was 1.36 million. During the 10-yearperiod 1998-2008, the number of emigrants from Kerala has increased by 830,000 (SeeFigure 1).Table 1: Number of Emigrants, Return Emigrants, and Non-Resident Keralites from Kerala, 1998-2008KeralaNumber Increase Per 100 Households2008 1998 1998-08 2008 1998Emigrants (EMI) 2,193,412 1,361,919 831,493 29.0 21.4Return Emigrants (REM) 1,157,127 739,245 417,882 15.3 11.6Non-Residence Keralites 3,350,539 2,101,164 1,249,375 44.3 33.01. S. Irudaya Rajan, From Kerala to the Gulf: Impacts of Labour Migration, Asia Pacific MigrationJournal, Vol. 13, No. 4 (2004), pp. 497-509; S. Irudaya Rajan and G. Prabha Remya, India, AsiaPacific Migration Journal, Vol. 17, Nos. 3-4 (2008), pp. 277-86.2. K.C. Zachariah and S. Irudaya Rajan, Migration Monitoring Study, 2008: Emigration and Remittancesin the Context of Surge in Oil Prices. Research Report, Centre for Development Studies,

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http://arabicuniversitycollege.yolasite.com/resources/Faculty/NS/Publications/Indian%20Diaspora%20in%20GCC%20countries%20-%20%20The%20case%20of%20Kerala.pdf (1)

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